University of South Carolina Libraries
VOL- XXIV- BARNWELL, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 27,1900. -v TH* U. S. POSTAI/ SERVICE. thA CREATES r BUSINESS con cern IN THE WORLD. » A Summary of Facts and FigurM Showing Wonderlnl I'erfectlon of the System. Scientific American. The postal establishment of the United States Is the greatest bt^siness concern in the world, handling more pieces of mall, and employing more men and women than any other gov ernment or corporation. The immense size of the country, the lack of concen tration of the Inhabitants in a .few large cities, all help to make the Poet Office service of the first magnitude, and, as a matter of fact, only one cor poration, a combination of railways, earns and disburses as much as the Post Qlfioe Department. Probably no branch of the government service comes Into as close contact with the average citizen as the Post Office. The postal service is ore-emlaently one of detail, and it may, perhaps, be In teresting tp take the'report of the Postmaster-General and analyze some of the figures. Some Idea of the wondtrful perfec tion and system which makes the service possible may be obtaiued when It Is stated that a letter can be neni from Florida to the Klondike, a dls tance of over 7,UOO miles for two cents, thirty days being consumed in Its transmission. If it were darrled by oourier the time would not be lessened and the cost would be increased to something like fidUO. It is this re markable cheapness which jnakes the service so interesting, for, of course, on this hypothetical trip of the letter, its delivery In the yjold fields costs much more than was received for Us transmission, but the government makes altandsome profit on much of the first-class matter ; enough, in fact, almost to make good the deficit caused by transporting inferior classes of mat* ter. According to the report of the Second Assistant Postmaster-General for the fiscal year ending June dO, Isw. there were d4 routes of domestic mail service in operaMon upon that date. The total length of these routes was miles, or more than a round trip between the earth and the moon. The number of miles traveled per annum is 445,744,545 miles, or more than two round trips to the sun. The annual rate of expenditure for the transportation of the mail is fiT»d,07t>.4ld. The rate of cost per mile of length of the route Is IliW 30. The rate of cost per mile traveled is 11.VU cents; the average number of trips per week is Ml The Inland service can be divided Into ten classes, iiy “ star route " is meant a route where the means of trans portation is other than railway, steam boat, street car, or pneumatic tube. There are 22,4t& star routes and their length is tt>W,45'! miles. The annual travel is Md.0b8,bU7 mtlos. The daily travel for dfib days Is .‘Wl,bdO miles, or seventeen times around the world. It is upon the star routes that much of the romance of the Post Office Depart ment rests, and many of the carriers have performeo heroic deeds. Next oomes the railway service, which amounts to 17ft,726 miles, divid ed among 2,617 routes. The annual rate of expenditure for carry log the mails on the railroads Is $-'11,1*42,150. This does not Include the salaries of II..T88 railway post office clerks, who re ceive the sum of $6,610,732. The an nual travel upon the railroads of 206,- 782,270 miles. Dividing this total by the number of days we obtain the dally travel on railroads, which amounts to 813,000 miles, or thirty-one trips aiOJil the world. There were hand led oy railway postal clerks during the year 7,118,422,640 pieces of first-class matter, and 6,233,569,885 of all other classes of matter, making a total of carried, although It furnishes almost twice as much revenue as enormously heavier second-class matter. 11 Fourth- class ” matter Is all mailable matter not Included In the preceding classes, embracing merchandise and samples of all kinds. The weight of first-class matter carried amounts to 128,517,092 pounds. The postage paid amounts to $65,987,732. The total njmber of letters and other' pieces that are sent at letter rates Is 2,917,000,000. In ad dition to this there were 98,092,000 dead-head tnd " official business ” let ters sent through the mall as well as 573,634,000 postal cards, making the total number of first-class pieces of mall matter 3,588,726,000 pieces. There are 9,804,729 pieces of first-class matter mailed dally. This would make a pile 39,219 feet high, or more than 7 miles high, not allowing for the compres sion caused by the Incumbent weight. In second-class matter the total num ber of pieces mailed amounted to 2,173,715,000. This is, however, only an estimate, though an official esti mate ; It Is, undoubtedly, very much larger. The total weight of matter paid at pound rates by publishers was 352,703,226 pounds. In addition to this, 02,241,700 pounds were transmitted free, and 25,289,355 pieces of transient matter paid for by stamps were also transmitted, making a grand total of 440,234,281 pounds. The total postage paid amounted to $5,091,322, and, not withstanding the great weight of the material carried at pound rates, It paid only $3,527,032 of this amount. The transportation of second-class matter at such an excessively low rate was, of course, the cause of the postal deficit of $6,610,770. There are many abuses connected with second-class mail, such as the mailing of novels, tradeiirgaas, etc., which conform to the letter, but not to the spirit of the laws. If every Postmaster-General would make stren- ous efforts to rectify these abuses, It would put this department on a paying basis. Up to the present time, how ever, there does not seem to be any prespeet of rallaf. ——-— _ The weight of third-class matter carried Is 68.227,769 pounds, and the number of pieces mailed amounts to 7|f ,GuS,uO0 pieces, and the postage paid Is $10,093,882, from which it will t>e reen that the amount of postage paid in this class is thoroughly ade quate to produce a surplus. The weight of fourth-class matter is 21,770,347 pounds. The number of pieces mailed Is 66,174,000, the postage paid belag $3,421,181. The weight of foreign mall carried Is 7,760.377 pounds, and tbs cost Is $2 546 hqo. The figures wnlcb have just been shown make Imposing totals. The number of pieces mailed in the fiscal year which we are considering is 6,- 576.310,000. ’ If these pieces of mall matter were placei together they would make a baud seven feet wide around the world. The total weight carried is 064,286,808 pounds. To trans port this enormous weight would re quire 3.1.214 freight cars, forming a train 3J0 miles long, hauled by 500 locomotives, aggregating .'>00,000 ho power, and the locomotives aldfte would require seven miles of track, should be remembered that mail met ter carried on trains is not packed tightly, u in the vast train we are considering, where it is estimmted that 10 tons of matter are closelv packed in mall bagv. As a matter of fact, only on very few trains is the mall carried in this way. Sometimes .a trailer or supply car Is used, which Is packed •olid with mall bags, and they are brought forward to the sorters as be comes necessary. It Is hnpuesible to make any reliable comparison of mall as actually carried, and It la poealble to assume that only freight can are filled with mail, for the take of argu ment. We now come to the financial side. The postal revenue for the fiscal year 1899 was $95,021,384. The total expen ditures amounted to'$101,032,160, leav ing a deficit of $6,610,770. Had 176,- 351,613 pounds of mail matter, wbfch In railway post offices. In addition there were handled by the railway poatal olerka 17,537,058 packages, cates and pouches of registered mall. With 1,312.388 erron made by the clerks In distributing this matter, there ware over 10,000 correctly forwarded pieces of mall to every error made, constitut ing a remarkable record. There were 799 casuallties during the year to rail way postal employes, and of this num ber 6 were killed and 50 seriously In jured. - ^ The number of routes of steamboat mall carriers is 178, and the length Is 31,169 milee. The annual travel amounts'to 4,387,028 miles and the an nual rate of expenditure is $ r >50,454 The street ear service amounts to 1.926 miles and Includes 267 routes. The annual travel is 4,978,130 miles and the rate qf expenditure Is $275,448. Tbe pneumatic tube service Is only 805 miles in length. The pneumatic tube service cost $222,266, and it is confined to the cities of Boston, New York, Brooklyn and Philadelphia. The service has proved highly efficient and has done nwny with msny thousands of miles of wagon service. Letters for branch offices can be forwarded at once by the pneumatic tube Instead of being held, as formerly, for the next reg ularly scheduled wagon or car trip. Tbe labor of closing, recording, and. verifying pouches Is also done away with. Thereard several minor means of transportation known as special office routes, mall messenger routes and wagon routes in cities. While some of them are very extensive they do not call, for special attention. The question of weight naturally oc cupies the second place in interest. Before discussing this, however, It Is necessary to consider briefly the var ious classes of postal matter. " First- class ” matter includes letters, postal cards, and anything sealed or other wise oloeed against Inspection. While the weight of first-class matter is not very great, at the same time it fur nishes the greater portion of the postal revenue. “ Second-class ” matter In cludes all newspapers, periodicals, and ail matter exclusively in print and re gularly issued at stated intervals,'as frequently ns four times a year. This forms the bulk of all mall matter carried and furnishes only a small per oantage of the revenue. “Third-class” matter Includes printed books, pamph lets, circulars, etc., end does not form a vary large portion of the weight P> D BILE ARP AND THE ORPHANS EVERYBODY OUGHT TO HELP . THEM. He Thinks n Day Should be Bet Apart for Them—Mew. Arp is Willing.to Give a Dollar If He Will Work It Out, 1 ' Gome now, let’s divide out. Ther& are 300 good working days In the year. Suppose we call one of them orphans' day. We have a Labor Day and Wash ington’s birthday and Independence day and other days set apart tor obser vance, why not have a day for the or- hans of Georgia v The orphanage at ecatur U in great need and the gool men in charge have asked the people to give the 29th day of this month to their service, the labor and earnings of one day. What better can we do with It? Madam DeStael said that our bank account in Heaven would be made up of the money we gave away In charity while we lived upon the earth. Huntington died worth $50,- 000,000, but he obuld aot take it with him, and It Is feared that he will have a very small bank account up yonder. He could have endowed a hundred or phanages and had plenty left for his kindred. Surely we can all give some thing on that day. 1 am going to give $2. Mr. Crumley shan’t shake his Metho dist locks at me. “ He that glveth to the poor lendeth to the Lord?’ “ And now, if you like the security down with tbe dust,” as the old Sootch preacher said when he sent around the hat for charity. The word fatherless means an orphan—a child bereft of a protect ing parent, either father or mother, or both. The word motherless L not In the Bible, but the word -father less includes it, and It Is found In the scriptures thirty-eight times, and is always ooupled with a reward to those who befriend tne orphan, or some cal amity upon those who oppress them. Job says, ” If I have lifted my hand against the fatherless, may mine arm fall from my shoulder blade,” and tit. James says, " Pure religion Is to visit Ike fatherless and thh widow in their affi.ctioo.” Good friends It will not do to say you have never wronged the orphans. Neglect of them is a wrong. If nobody gave what would become of them. Everybody odghi 10 give—give acoordlng to your purse—give as the Lord bath blessed you. It is a peril not to give. tit. Peter keeps the books, and’I want him to find my name on them with a good bank account at tached. . > I had a funny conference with my wife about this. She says she will give a dollar if 1 will work It out. “ What do you want me to do ?” said I. “Tne window cord Is broken,”she said, "and the sideboard lock le out of order, and tbe long-^aadled broom that l brush down tbe spider webe with is wore out and needs another broom oa It.” " It thst all said 1. “ Oh ! do The hall papering Is pealing off and needs to pasting, and there le a leak in the roof over the dining room. ’’ Is that all ?” said 1. Well, you can finish the day sifting the ashes and putting some und tbe ruse bushes. Mr. Barch an's hook says that ashes are a good Vtllixer for tbe roses.” 1 pondered He and then ventured to ask where e was going to get the dollar to pay " Why, from you of course,'' she at the pound rate, and paid lor should have been, the financial state ment would have exhibited a surplus of $17,637,570. Or, if this matter would pay only a nominal rate of eight cents a pound, there would have been a surplus of $5,733,836 In the year we are considering. The amount of post age actually received for a pound of first-class matter was 85 0 cents ; second-class-matter, 8 cents ;’ third- class matter, 14.7 cents; foreign mat ter, 46 cents ; postal cards, 188.2. Tbe expense of the transportation of the mall matter la reckoned at eight cents a pound. The number of registered pieces carried was 16,086 022. There were 29,976,371 Post Office money orders Issued, tbe aggregate value being $224,958,303. The Dead Letter Office received 6,855,983 pieces of mall mat ter. Of this amount 367,469 were mis directed, 01,919 were without an ad dress, 4,903,70u were unclaimed, and 113,917 had fictitious addresses. The number of YtShops Issued was 4,917,- 269,025. The total number of Post Offices In the United States is not far from 75,000, and the number of employes Is estimated a^. 200,000. It should be re membered in dealing with postal figures that they are apt to be slightly erroneous, and in nearly every case the weights are greater than those which we have given, though they are sufficient to show the wonderful magni tude of this molt important branch of the government service. V ^ ^ —There is no doubt that the State building whicir'ik to be erected on the grounds at the -South Catalina Inter: State and West Indian Exposition and which is designed to show the re sources of each county of thd State will contain much that will prove a revela tion to the outside world. The grow ing of wheat and the making of flour are industries which have attained larger proportions in South Carolina than is generally known. Few realize the importance of tbe experiments re centlj-diade In this State in the grow ing of hemp, and one feature in which South Carolina will be ahead of all other States will be the tea exhibit from the farm at Summerville. —The New Orleans picayune thinks that it Is a fact of more or less interest that, whila New England ootton mills are advertising for operatives In the South, they are not advertising for aay colored ones. ^ . me. •aid. "Where did you expect me to f etlt? Didn’t 1 give you everything had, and didn’t you promise to give me everything you hud ? Didn’t you any, * With nil my worldly goods 1 thee endow ?’ What« mine Is mine and what’s yours Is mine, too, according to that.'' “But my dear,” said I, "naven’t 1 supported you and maintained you for all these years and responded to every want and wish I could v ” "Why, yee, of course you have ; but If a wife was to keep accounts with her husband •he would bring him In debt every lime. Board and clothing don’t pay for nurs ing and night watching and sewing and darning and housekeeping and raising up ten children through infancy and w etc. t made a thousand little garments for them with my needle before there was ever a sewing machine Invented.” "Yes,” said 1, " 1 remember; and you made your own clothes and my shirts —my plaited bosom shirts, with pearl buttons—yes, 1 remember. I can't find any as good now.” Then she remarked; You coulden’t get a good housekeep er for less than $100 per year, could you? And that would makeover $5,000, and the Interest compounded would make live times as much more that you owe me, and you ask me where I am going to get tbe dollar.” " But, hold on, my dear,” said 1, " you forget that I had to support and educate yolir ten children—you always call them yours —and that old Abe Lincoln set all your 1 niggers*' free and that the war broke me all up and I’ve had to scuffis for a living ever slnee, and I give you money whenever you ask for it and keep you In cologne and camphor add liver med icine and missionary money and little presents tor the children and grand children on their birthdays. Didn’t 1 give you two dollars last week to buy amber beads for Mary Lou. When the cook quits or gets sick, don’t I get up and make the fire and cook the break fast and move around on tiptoe to keep from waking you—and—and—and— havenlt I made you a marble chip walk to the street for your number 2 shoes to walk on?” "Is that all,” said my wife, and she laughed at me and said. "Ob, you know I was just joking. J know that you have done the beet you could. I wouldn’t swap you- off for any body. 'Now go and see if you can’t climb that new ladder you made yes terday and get some squabs for supper tonight. There must be a dozen or more up there, and the girls have In vlted company to tea.” Ladders and squabs ! Well, I tried the new ladder. It is fourteen feet long and and reaches up to the gable end of the smokehouse, where the pigeons live, and by the time I got nearly within reafcbl didn’t know whether my head was swimming or the ladder careening, and I just my eyes tnd slid down with alacrity, like a fire mad, and liked to have had a fit of ner vous prostration, and my wife just laughed at me when I told her. 1 am the boy, and she hasn’t yet realized that I am growing old. I go to the butcher’s and the baker’s and the post- office and dig the potatoes and hunt u chickens and eggs and bring her Ires! roses every morning and look after the little grandchildren while she takes her evening nap. I have a lot of letters to answer every day, and before I can finish ope somebody wants something done, fad when night oomes I am as tired as an old dray horse. We used to be rich, but now we- are ar poor as Lazarus. But still we put on airs and keep open house just like we did be fore the war, and our dally visitors have to be entertained and 1 must help do it. A stranger came the other da; while I was working the rosebuds an had charge of two little grandchildren and my wife was napping. He took a seat on a bench and said he came to see me about lying—the sin of lyiug- Thls alarmed me for a moment. Then he said that I was tbe writer for the press and bad influence, and he wanted me to help him reform the world about lying. And he told me how the politi cians Heel and the newspapers lied and the newspapers lied and the merchant! lied and made their clerks to He and deceive their customers and’ how the lawyers lied in the courthouse to de ceive the jury, and some of the preach ers had got to lying and making up sensatio'nal stories In the pulpit. He was well posted and quoted scripture and talked In a stream until I got tired of his abstractions. Then be asked me If a He or a deception was justifiable under any circumstances. 1 replied that there were some white lies or de ceptions that I tbovight were admissible under certain clrcu mstance. He looked surprised and asked me to give him an Instance or example. WeH, said I, a woman called on my wife yesterday while she was in the kitchen putting up peach pickles. This old woman was a long setting hen and my wife got very tired of her, «nd at last when she rose to leave, my w'tfe said : " Can’t you sit longer ? Why are you In such a burry ? Well, do call again soon— I’m sorry you can’t sit longer.” The stranger spoke abruptly and said ; " Your wife deceived her and did wrong—she ought to have told her that she was busy and must be excused. Don’t you think so Well, now, said 1, let me put another ease. You come here and found me hard at work with my coat off and 1 bad two little child ren to watch, for my wife told me not to. let them get.out of my sight, and now they have gone, 1 must hunt them up, and I’ve listened to your abstrac tions for half an hour and all to no practical purpose, suppose 1 should say to you, mv friend, you will have to ex cuse me; I must look after the children and work my garden, and I reckon you had better go. What would vou think of me and my rudeness ? He looked surprised and grieved and said, " Dq you mean It ?*’ No, said 1, and if 1 did, It would be very Impolite for me to tell you so. 1 had rather tell a little white lie—hadn’t you ? He was silent for a minute, and then said : "Well, I reck on 1 had better go," and he bade me an affecllooatn goodby. Hut let us not forgnt the orphans nor the day. There Is no He about that. Sometimes I feel like an orphan myself and wish my father and mother were here to comfort me. I reckon that is a sign of second childhood. Now 1 have a labor of love before me, I shall compile that hook of poems and I want help. Kind friends have sent me 222 ooniee of the poem 1 asked for and it will please me and help me to hnve the lovers of good, pure poetic llternlure send to me the titles of, sny, five or more of their fnvorltes, and also the namps of the authors. Address Major Charles H. Smith, Cartersvllle, QUESTION FOR NAVAL OFFICERS. The Proponed Abandonment of Port Royal Naval Sum Ion—-Interesting r sets About the Dry Dock. Scientific American. The question of the best site for a naval station on tbe Atlantic coast be tween Norfolk and Pensacola Is now being made the subject of Investiga tion by a special 00mmission, whose re port to the Secretary of the Navy will probably be made public within the next few weeks. There is already In existence at Port lioyal a naval station which was selected And approved by various commissions which, after an examination of the locality, pronounc ed emphatically in favor of this site as being the best adapted to meet the re quirements of the case. One of these commissions was presided over by Ad miral Porter, who 'was strongly in favor of the site, and a later oomuUs'L slon authorized by Cong restin' 1888, and presided qvar by Commodore Mc Cann, recommended the establishment at Port Royal of a dry dock, a depot of naval supplies, and a coaling station. In the spring of the present year, the Naval Appropriation Bill, as passed by the House of Uspresentatlves, con tained an appropriation of $100,000 to ward the rebuilding of the dry dock at this station In concrete or stone. The bill went to the Senate and was re ferred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. While under consideration by this committee, the Secretary of the Navy submitted a letter from Ad miral Ehlcott, Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks, In which he strongly deprecated tbe carrying .out of any further work of Improvement or exten slon of facilities a* Port lioyal, and criticised thn site of tbe dock as being unsulted, for various ispecified reasons, to the purposes of a naval station, the specified grounds of objection strange to say, being the very grounds which had beeq quoted In all previous investi gations as being favorable for a station. p the course of his letter he said; ‘ During the year the Mayor of the city of Charleston suggested the pro priety of transferring tne naval station to that city from Port lioyal, stating among other things the facilities for transportation to the Interior, tbe proximity of a large commercial city, thn convenience of obtaining at all times skilled labor of all classes, an abundance of fresh water, etc., advant ages which are lacking at Port lioyal.” Oa. Bill akv SOL I II KILN SCHOOL BOOKS. and Ssirilenpeot ol Must l»e Carefully Thn Charncler Our People Guarded. The Columbia correapondent of the News and Courier says that CaoL Wm. A. Courtenay wan In Columbia on the Kith Instant on a committee appointed by the South Carolina United Coo- to the Stale Board of F.lucalloa Tie •aid In reply to Inquiries, that the ac tion of the Grand Army of the Repub lic In this relation Is simply a demand for unconditional surrender In our schools, and the self-reaped of the South compels absolute and prompt refusal. If this Is " an Indestructible Union of Indestructible Slates,” as he hoped and trusted It was, then there must be equality among equals, and loyalty to the present Union and Con stitution did not carry with it the de nunciation and misrepresentation of the Southern people In the part they enacted In " the war between the States."' Years ago he had seen In school books the question : Was Gen Lee a traitor ? and other similar mat ters. The South owes It to the rising generation to absolutely forbid this tp terference In their schools. The South’s material future Is thoroughly assured. We have a gold crop In cot ton every year of $350,000,000. Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama have untold square miles of Iron ore, limestone rock and coal, and are actually mak ing Iron for less money and mlnin coal at lower prices than all the worl yes, but there are some other things more precious than these rich material results—the character and self-respect of the Southland must be held^above all this great aggregate of coming wealth and business power—character and self-respect must be taught in our schools from truthful school books by Southern teachers. With the found 4ng of Southern publishing houses of large capital and having ouf public confidence, there will develop, besides school book publicatiOL, opportunities for Southera literature to make its ap pearance. Northern publishers very naturally favor their immediate con stltuents; the South owes it to iteeli to encourage not only the making oi 1 Southern school books, but In this con nectlon to stipulate for the recognition of Southern literature, and not have our authors going from publisher to publisher, In the Northern cities, and be regularly refused. M —Beatrice Rarradedi author of " tihlps That Pass In the Night,” who Is trying to regain her lost health oe-xt California ranch, has taken up carpen try and has become skilled in the use of the saw and plane. She has also be oome proficlhut as a grower of orchids and a landscape gardener, ■- STONEWALL JACKSON'S SURGEON bile the transfer would undoubtedly result In the lote of a great deal of money which has been expended at Port Royal, Admiral Kndioctt consid ers the present Is tbe proper time to consider tbe suggestion of the Mayor. The Admiral was so much impressed 1th the wisdom of the Mayor's sug gestion, that be gave It hearty en dorsement and able advocacy through out his whole letter. Be recommend ed that the matter be brought to the attention of tbe tienate Committee 00 Naval Affairs, and that a board of of ficers be appointed to‘‘examine into tbe oojditlons existing at Port Royal, and the various questions Involved In the proposition to remove this station to Charleston Harbor.” Acting upon this letter, tbe Navy Committee amended the bill by au thorising thn Secretary of thn Naval to laqulre Into the advisability of mov ing ton naval station from Port Royal to Charleston, and if he deemed it advis able to do so, empowering him to use • 100,000 of the money appropriated In the Mil for the Port Royal naval station for the purchase of land for a site at or near tbe city of Charleston, and to proceed with the huUdlng of a dry dock there. reodiug the publication of the re port of this commission, It is not for us to say anything one way or the other Ith regard to the proposed transfer which, of course, has very naturally aroused bitter opposition on the part of the citizens In the immediate neigh borhood of the present station. The proposition to ." remove ” the yard In- fas the abandonment w of the dry tngv $x m i t rT% -Rnyal, whlah would ra- 1 present a dead lose of between one and ] two million dollars. Moreover, the modern forts at the entrance to the station, which were erected during tbe Spanish war, will to a large extent, lose their military valpe when there Is no longer'any station for them to de- -feud. The Port lioyal site was chosen, pi eeumably, after careful and exhaust ive examination, by various expert commissions, In the course of which the advantages of Charleston must surely have received due consideration. At the same time It R possible that the relative strategical advantages qf Port lioyal and Charleston are not tbe same under the changed condition of modern naval warfare as they were in the days of Admiral Porter, Admiral Jewett and Commodore McCann Among other reasons which are given for the removal of the station it Is urged that the absence of social at tractions and conveniences in such an out of-the-way place as Port Royal will render it unpopular with naval officers, both of the line and staff, con veniences which Charleston would readily afford. It seems to us that arguments of this kind are not warrant ed either by the traditions of the navy or the invariable self-effacement which characterizes our naval officers, when it is a question between personal com fort and the highest Interests of the country they serve. The question for thef best site for a dry dock and naval .epair yard Is purely a technical one, and will be decided entirely by Ques tions of accessibility by sea and by land capabilities for defense, sultabili*' ty ef location'with regard to the exi gencies of a naval campaign, and possi bilities of obtaining at all times the necessary skilled labor. It Is at any rate certain that so com plicated and eminently technical a question as this Is not to be decided by tbe preferences of the Mayor of any particular city concerned, although it must be admitted that by quoting the Mayor of Charleston as his leading au thority on the advantages of the pro posed change, Admiral hndicott has shown a flattering opinion of the iud ment of the laygentleman who that distinguished municipal position. —The pineapple crop of Florida Is expected to break all previous records. The value of tbe crop on the east coast alone will be in excess of $300,000, Dr. Banter If cGnire Dies at His Homs in Rictniiond—A Remarkable Ca- .. reer. Dr. Hunter H. McGuire,, who was the physlclsn of Stonewall Jackson, died on the 20th Inst, at his home In Rlth- mond, Vs., In the 65th year of his age. He leaves a wife and nine children, and bis wife was a daughter of Alex ander H. H. Stuart, of Staunton, Va., who was secretary of the Interior un der President Fillmore. Dr. McGuire was born at Winchester, Va., October 11, 1865, and was descend ed from royal Irish stock. His profes sional studies were begun In the Win chester Medical College, from which institution he received hli degree in 1855. In 1856 he matriculated In both the University ofFensyivanla and Jef ferson Medical College, of Philadel phia, but was taken 111 and .^compelled to return hoMe before the end of thp session. L*-'i857 he was effected pro fessor Of anatomy in the Winchester Medical College, where after one year's service, feeling the need of greater clinical advantage*, he resigned his position and relinquished a- growing practice, to return to Philadelphia. The following year he not only attend ed the regular course of lectures In the Jt fferson Mellcal College, but also es tablished a quiz class, which waslarge.- ly patronized by medical students. In 1859, Inconsequence of John Brown’s raid Into Virginia, Dr. McGuire was the leader of a movement among the students to return to Richmond. Governor Henry A. Wise welcomed them In a stirring speech. The Med ical College of Virginia matriculated them without charge, and the cliy council made an appropriation to reim burse them for the expenses of the trl Dr. McGuire completed the session Richmond, and in March, 1860, receiv ed the degree of doctor of medicine. He then went to New Orleans, where be established another quiwelase, hut after tbe secession of South Carolina and other States he hastened home to offer bis services to Virgfnia. He volunteered In Company F. 20th Virginia regiment, and April IT, 1861, marched frqm Winchester to Harper’s Ferry. Hs afterwards became medical director of the army of the Shenandoah under Gen. T. J. (Stone- wall! Jackson. While In this capacity Dr. McGuire Inaugurated the plan of releasing captured medical officers. After the fight at Winchester with Banks, eight Federal officers were free upon the simple -condition thai they would endeavor to procure the re lease of the same number of Confederate ■urgeoos, and a few wneks after this all the medical officers who had been con fined by both the Confedera e and Fed eral armies a* prisoners of war were released and returned to their respec tive commands. Although this was Interrupted by some disagreement between tbe com miss loner* for the exchange of prlfooere, Dr. McGuire continued to releaee surgeons when ever It was ia his power. Dr. McGuire wss also tbe first to organize thn re serve Corps hospital la the Goo federate service, and was the originator of the ambulance corps, a system bow ualver- •ally adopted In all armies. Upon the death of General Jackson, Mdy, 1863, Dr. McGuire served as chief surgeon of the second corps of the Army of Northern Virginia under Lieutenant General R. S. Ewell, and subsequently as medical director of the Army of thn Valley under General J. A. Early. He was captured after the battle near Waynesboro, Va., but re leased under a parole of 15 days, and after Its expiration joined the Second corps under General J. B. Gordon and remained as Its medical director until the surrender at Appomattox. Tbe war being over, Dr. McGuire lu November, 1865, moved to Richmond, having been elected to fill the chair of surgery In tbe Medical Collage of Vir ginia, made vacant by the death of Dr. Charles Bell Gibson. This position bo held until 1878, when the demnndt of . j> *. ^ i?runtion compell. to resign u. the college oonffcrYln; updn'Bim 1$ 19BS the professor. In 1883 Dr. MoGulre estab lished St. Luke's home for the slok, n private Infirmary for the accommoda tion of kts surgical oases, an Institution which soon became one of the largest nod most sucoeesful private sanitariums in the country. He Is president and E rufessor of clinical surgery in the [Diversity College of Medicine, Rich mood, Va., and president and one of tbe surgeons to the Virginia hospital an Institution which, largely through his Influence, was established for the sick and poor of the State. In 1887 tbe degree of doctor of laws was conferred on Dr. McGuire by the University of North Carolina, and In 1888 by the Jefferson Medical college, of Philadelphia. State of Georgia have been adopted as far as they apply to South Carolina. „ PLANS. Bonded warehouses to be sstebUehed at all local markets wherever required by the beaks and members of tee asso ciation. Warehouse reoeipts to bo Isenod aad negotiated et neareet bank as oolateral security for money borrowers. ■ Producer shall ooetrol the la- dividual sale ; If he deeiree to dlspoee of his cotton before minimum price bjr th * Miooiotlon is offered by tee-buyer, he shall be at perfect Ube£ ty do so. A fair and just price for i ootton seed can be fixed aad talned in opea markets la the South by united concert of ectlbn by holding heck—tbe surplus crop, If aay there be, and marketing the crop durlag tee twelve months ol the year to "»wt the demands of the mills ui all parte of tee world. . . .... ^ Glaners throughout the cotton belts will be supplied with poetal earda ad dressed to headquarters of the State bureau, with request that each Satur day night the number of bales giaaed that week will be forwarded. * The secretaries of the county organi zations will be in clone touch with tee producers end careful estimates made on existing crop conditions will bo soul weekly to the board. The ootton grower has the orop bet ter in hand today than he has had for thirty years, aad he Is warned that be has no reason to become unduly alarm ed over the report that the mllia are closing down to depress e fair prion of ootton. You are reminded that whea cotton sold ae high ns thirty cents a pound It was manufactured. Let us organize, let us work, watch nod continue to labor. All parties Interested la growing, marketing, glnaiaf and handling of the crop are invited to send delegates. The bankers, merchants and' ware house-men are Invited to participate n the oonveotloe. . _• J. C. Wilborn. Free. Cotton Growers’ Association of S. C. 11 !S5- THE OOTTON MILL TROUi Why Coarse Goods Ca—ot Now Ra Made The i'rtoe Below Oeel oTPra- MmMtem. The Greenville correspondent of tee Columbia Slate says: "Nothing that has oucerred ia tee Southern industrial world for e Inag time hes excited ee much letereet as the announced Intention of the South Carolina cotton mills oa ooan to run short time. Thn most li of these mills are the following: flm three at Piedmont, the three at Peiser, the three at Clifton, the two mills of tee Anderson company, the Bel toe the Abbeville, Newberry, Reedy Rli W Mmet. Paoolet end Glendale aod the Orr mill at Aad* His asaenfacture what la ka standard drills aad 3-yard ahaoUags. that Is three yards oft goods to the pound. They also snake 3k yard aad i- yard sheetings. The above Uo$ In cludes, so far ea I can learn, every mill le the Slate manufacturing eoarus cods. Those oa flan goods sail to the omeatio market end are aot affected by the war la China. The dee goode mills have orders ahead suffleteet M pay them to roe oe fall time evua with 11 cents cotton. Bet with 3 yard goode at 51 cents tbe ooaree goode milk eaa- oot afford to maaufaotare cotton at 11 bento. A leading mill yreaUeal told see that for theee mills to ooaUane seder existing condition* would menu a Idee of 30 cents per loom ovary day. Ifclo would sooa eat up dlvldeade 1 tal. There are two trouble. If either the mills could continue. Pint, oottoa cents, 4 cents higher tone ana year ago; second, the Chin have oloeed the prlaolpol ooaree goods and ten exportonaro aot buy leg et eaprodtable 1 for ttot «!»*». is li COTTON GBOWERS’ ASSOCIATION An Adjourned Meeting to be Hold in Oolunioia Daring Fair Week- Plans and Purposes ol tbe Organ! zntion. * The Cotton Growers’ Association Is hereby called to meet In Columbia on October 31*t at 8.30 p. m. A State convention of ootton growers met at Greenwood Sept. 12th, 1900." It was then decided after due delibera tion to perfect a State organixation and officers were duly elected for one year until Sept. 12th, 1901. It was decided t0 compactly organize' each county In this Bute with a view of getting the more accurate report of the ginning and markqting of the cot ton and to Interchange views and In formation from all the Cotton States, for the purpose of obtaining fair and just prices for our ootton and cotton seed products- Upon my suggestion an adjournment of the Cotton Growers’ Convention at Greenwood was had to meet in Colqmbla during Fair Week at my call; therefore I name October 31st at 8 30 p. m. as the time for the con vention to meet in the city of Columbia at the county court house Let each county be fully represented by delegations. The number of are urged to organize at once h meeting a president, one vice-: dent, secretary and treasurer, advisory board or constitution and by-laws of the pletoly, while another ome-third running half time. The two coarse goods mills la New the Peperlll aad Laeoala, have also shut down. These latter mills wanted! tbs Southern mills to shut down, hat for tbe saks of the employees they re fused and. will stop running only a por tion ot the time. 1 am told tea two Augusta mills are closed also. As eoa- sequence of this ooadltlon, these mills have withdrawn from the markotfor ootton, though few of them are well stocked, but the fiae goods •Ides having remunerative ahead are also well stocked with raw cotton. It is possible the exporters are holding down prions believing Southern mills won’t shut down, bat tee mills have called this bluff and their action may soop settle the trouble, especially If ootton falls off. Jtetesal to shut doWa Is really a kindness not only to opera tives but to the counter generally. Some of these mills are also changing to fine goods as rapidly as possibln. —Salt water is to be used for sprink ling the streets of Taoema. Sea water does not dry so qulokly as fresh water, nod for this purpose one load of it teas effectual as throe loads of fresh water. Besides, as a mean Seattle paper sug gests, the salt will prevent the graas from growing la Tacoma's streets. —A nugget weighing 1,100 ooaeas found recently la the Ural gold mines at Ortk, la the goveraoMat of Orenberg. Ice-presl- r, and an executive 00m- OUR 1 MPHPHH For 20 years Dr, J. Newton Hathaway has so successfully treated ehronie dienes ee that he is acknowledged todnyte stead at the head of hie profeeeton la this has. His sxclutivs method of treatment for Varicocele and Stricture, without tne aid of knife or cautery cone In $0 par soot, of all casee. In the treatment of theJess ef Vital Forces. Nervous and Urinary Complaints, Poisoning, Khscientism, C . eases peculiar to wosun, hs Is dele-4 saocesefnl. Dr. Hathauwg'h lallst’ Oast physicians readily yield to Write him today