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-7 Jk ■■K. . i •' The Barnwell People. rtBttCCBgiiBO BBC8BBCSSI I SgPBBP Largest Ciitulation in the County i I’All OF IUE Cl IAL around with a Hat of all our ai tested ua-and placed ua In c flbtment. They carried Chatman off, as they said, to hang him,'but we learned after* ards that be waa the in* formant, and they took him out and turned him loose. The whole thing was a trtfik of Chatman's to secure bis releass. i Fpr tlx weeks they kept us coo fined, and treated us with groat cruelty, and we wero coolly Informed by the guards that as soon as the court martial jould reach our cases we would ha tried had no doubt be hanged like JChatroan. This information was more consolatory than terrifying, for we bad long since resigned ail hope of getting out of prison alive, and w^ preferred trying the realities of another world as soon as possible. . At last the day for the trial of the members of onr conspiracy arrived, and they took us to the provost marshal’s office. Op our way up there the guards told us vpry cheerfully that we were all to be shot after Coalman had been banged. When we got into the guard room adjoining the provost's ibuted ale kr s& - r j * ¥ 4 F.•etcher Smith was a. Coufederate - soldier, and a member of Co. C„ Capt. ifHu<b T. Hanks, of Col. DawsonVreh- sesse regiment. He enlisted whefi.a youth of 16, and ran away from home to bee* n e a soldier. He furnishes a thrilling nketon of a prison experience In the bands of the Federals, as fol- lows' • About the middle of November, ’63, there was a small garrison of Federals < entrenched at Dyeisburg, TeUn. This force Col. Dawson determined to at* tack, and (f possible capture. He or- ganlz d a force of thirty picked men, aid early In tiie morning attacked and drove In the Federal pickets, and charged the main foroe Tn their .en* trenobments. He was, however, re* f iulsed, and after oonelderable firing at ong range and much maneuvering to draw the Yankees from their strong hold, he withdrew late in the evening to Barkor’s springs, about 7 miles northeast of Djrersburg. t * The next day, not apprehending any danger, Thad Leech, Jordan Dunoyant anj myself rode out in the neighbor* * hood, bent on getting a square meal cooked by women. Stopping at the house of a substantial farmer named Mat Tuompeon, he agreed to accommo- _/ date us. We put Our horses up and fed ’em, and. then wont to the house, where we proceeded to make ourselves agreeable ti> the family, by narrating, each in his U»rn, exciting adventures and hairoroadth escapes by Hood and field. We felt cheerful and communi cative as the fumes of savory viands, In course of preparation in the kitchen, were wafted to our keen olfactories*, the members of the family proVeu to he receptive at.d good llite ers, and all prooeeded as merrily as a marriage t occasion. When supper was announced wesat down and fllied ourselves to per fection, and then returning to tne family room, before going to bod, we regaled them with a few more of our stock of stories, spiced with an occae lonal joke. ' ‘ About midnight, after wo had re tired to bed, suddenly we were startled by the thunder of hoofs on the outside ** Oi the house. The noise saemod to gomeTrom^ shim.ho that we did not re*nm of hope an to run to see what the matter was -WbHwnre fieitmcfrTb«FLTO8h turnc* quickly to Thompson, who was stand Ing up motionless and pale as a ghost, and said to him. “Mr. Thompson, are them your horses?" Thompson never uttered a word but simply shook his head in the negative. Then the > ominous rattle of the sabre seaboards thokoon our ears, and we'know they were soldiers. Thun the thump, thumy, thump of a horse's feet right at the front door of the passage made us all three ruch simultaneous^ to that opening, when, as we swung it open, we beheld the yard full of blue coats, and a stalwart cavalry man at the door with his carbine in our faces, shouted: “Surrender, you d-^r-n rebels!” Dunovant held the dtior- knob, and instantly slammed the door shut and we all ran to the back door, hoping there might bo some avenue of escape there, but the back yard wus full of Yankees too, aud we. shut that door, and went bask into the room, and picked up our guns as if we would resist. Thompson still stood where we had left him, and as he realized that there would probably bo a fight, he exclaimed : “Boys, for^GodV sake, dtn’t fight here in my house ! ”" We s looked at each other and all seemed to appreciate at the same time out's!tua tion, and Dunovant vo.ced the feelings of ail as he remarked : “ Men. It’s no use ; we are trapped. Let’s g<v* up "All right," I said, “them’s a heap too many for us.” At that moment the Yankees came pouring Into the passage and then c.uno to the door of the room, some with their carbines aud some wttjg their pistols presented. D.movant advanced towards the Fed erals a step or two, saying as he did so: “Ail right, gentlemen, we give up.’’ The lieutenant in charge,of the party simply replied : “ Velij well, come with us." -» They carried us to Dyersburg and ioewarded us thence to St. Louis, and •r-lA TRIP OVKR THE SOUTHERN is quarried, ami RAILWAY THROUGH THE STATE OF SOUTH CARpUNA. large quantity The guards office, they distributed of apple* amongst us. said tr at this was the custom with prlsoaers who were marked for execu tion. They bade us eat heartily as it was the last time we would enjoy eating on earth. We took them at their word and made the apples hop. ■ The first one of my pals called for was Tom Sharp Mays. When they came back after taking Mays out, we asked the guards what had beoome of Mays, and they said he died like a man. Inthe next squard they took out Hay and Leech, and the guards came hack re porting that they, too, bad been swung off Into the happy hunting grounds. Then came my turn. The provost told me that, owing to my youth, he was inclined to spare my life, and that if 1 would take the oath of allegiance, go home and keep out of the war, he would turn me loose. This I gladly consented to do. He then administered the oath, and, giving mu a ti^e red apple, bade me go. My oup of happiness was running over, for I fully expected Urbe hung in a few minutes, and now to find myself at liberty and on my way homo nearly overcame me. But it made me very sad to think of the unilmelv end of my noble fiwendv, Tom Sharp Mays, Thad Leech and Hay. But presently my joy was made complete, for only a short distance from the provosts’ office 1 met these good friends who, like myself, had beeu set at liberty upon taking the oath of allegiance. This sudden transition from abjeot despair. Jjl...Ifte siff HBerty* unkHr iare havesOme very peculiar feeistng, which \ can be-better Imaglaed-thaMeseribcd a We put our heads together then to consult as to tb* means of getting home. There we were, In the middle of March, the weather very cold and our clothing thin,' with not a cent of money and iu a hostile city. We soon began to doubt whether we had gained much by not being hanged. Toe pro- voet marshal had spoken so kindly to me that I suggested that we go la and consult him. The rest ef~Vhe party selected roe to go to see him by myself. I went In to see the provost. He treated me kindly and advised mo-to go to the sanitary commission. We went there, and the secretary informed me that he had jnst given the last cent which the society had on hand to l^roled Confederate soldier. 1 went back to the^ provost and told him how my application had failed, and he then told mo confidentially that if I would not give him away he would tell me where 1 could get relief He told me.tu^o. to 5th Cedera street, and in going from that point to the river in the first large brown stone house that 1 saw -on the right hand side, 1 would find a widow, lady, Mrs. Sears, who would give me all tho help U needed to get homo. I did _ directed, but when I dame to the foustT aod saw how grand it was my courage failed me, for 1 foil sure that if 1 at tempted to enter as fine a house as that 1 would be kicked out Into the street. I hesitated along time, starting back and returning several times, But at last, spurred by the despprale strait in which I was Involved, l ascended the marble steps, and rang the door bell. My summons was answered by a hand some and finely dressed lady,, who told mu that Mrs. Sears was in the parlor. 1 was shov^n into the parlor, and in troduced myself to Mrs. Sears. She invited me to take a seaton a divan, and 1 unfolded to her my mission. She tbtn ordered ^servant te bring some ( Vine and some oranges, which I dis- V-r. i Tbs Southern Field. , . “I am much impressed with (hU seclion of country apd the number of good towns we are" viewing," said a Westerner while on a recent inspect tion tijn over the Southern Railway in Sotith Carolina, where, by the way, he ha> since chosen a location and is now establishing himself in business. “It strikes me most favorably and the op portunities presented are attractive and give promise of mqeh profit," he continued, “and Are such as commend themselves to one seeking a new home." The representative of The Field who'Was his tra /ellug companion unfolded a map of the Palmetto State, and using it to illustrate his talk, gave a few facts and some figures concern ing the State which was the text of his discourse. “The Southern Railway has 585 miles of road in this State, running through 18 coqnties and by 98 stations, where are employed agents to look after the company’s business. It will Interest you to learn that nearly a a third of these towns have a popula tion of 1,000 or injbxcess of thai num- bei, the SO towns whieh figure in that table being classified in the latest re ports on file do this wise; five 1,000, three 1,200, two 1,600, three 2,000, one 2,500, one 3,000, two 3,500, one 4,000, shven 6,000, two 6,000, one 13,000, one 15,000 one 5,000, the last figure having reference to the number of people who dwell in Columbia, the capital of the State. “The main hue from Washington to Atlanta enters the State near the northwest corner of York County and runs through York, Cherokee, Spar tanburg, Greenville, Pickens and Oconee counties before covering the 125 miles which bring one (o the (toor- gia border in 3 1-2 hours as rap by the vestibuled trains These counties are in what is designated as the Piedmont section, possess a fertile soil, are rich in mioeruls, timber and water power and grow a great variety of crops. “York bounty has some fine level lands, though its surface la broken to a considerable extent. A r. d and yellow UfiJia.Vhe-huiiding knaivQ u*tbe pouedtd witA-wrewv-rriish.- SiHrasked E*' El w E; i ii rrattot Street College, which was usee as a Federal prison. The build- inir ’Vin a very large bne, but the 3,000 prisoners whom wp found there tilled r it V> ovurtljiving. . No attention was paid to the comfort of prisoners or the cleanliness of the place, and no hog pen was ever so filthy and repulsive. Disease held high carnival—small-pox and other contageous diseases claiming their victims by scores Life in such a place was unbearable, and when the poor follows would take some disease which they were 1 aformadwouhLi IMWeB 1 Co ceive the announcement with great satisfaction, feeling no doubt that their troubles and sufferings were happily nearing the end. Many were the des perate efforts' of the unfortunates to escape. ' Sometimes the guards were killed, and often the prisoners lost their lives in these rash attempts. The Federals seemed not to care so much for the escape of the prisoners as the possibility that, in their head long assaults upon the guards,the latter might be slaughtered. In cases where 8P rr™ •jjyw- k taj*, |» t m & guards fell victims In these mad rushes for liberty, the prisoners concerned in the conspiracy were treated with great severity, and generally hung. This was intended to deter the prisoners from making these attempts, and especially to protect the guard, but executions seemed to have but little effect upon tho prisoners, except to still further exasperate them, and whet their appetites for adventure. Many plots to escape were revealed by some of the prisoners who were taken into the confidence of tho conspirators, and steps to frustrate such conspiracies were always taken beforehand, and they, of course, failed It was noted » the prisoners that the traitors in such cases were liberty, so that it was conspiracy to make a rush upon the guards that would not get to the ears of-ib« officers In charge, unless the execution of the plot was to take place within a few hours of its formation. Thus, about the 1st day of February, 1864, a man by the name of Chatman name to my friend, Tom Sharp Mays, and my seif, and proposed that we form parti Of a party of 30 men who that night at 12 o’clock were to rush upon the guards with stones and overpower them and escape. We consented. Thad Leech and another oomp&aion of mine named Hay were al«o taken into the omsplracy. That night wt noticed that the guards at all the doors wore doubted, apd then we knew that we bad been betrayed. The next me a great many questions relative to thelcommand to which 1 belonged, the batties.ln winch It had oetn .engaged, and the circ^mstauces of my capture and imprison mem. She them told me that she had a son in Gen. Forrest’s command. She had her carriage ordered and sent me after my com rades. 1 found them still, waiting for me near the provost’s office. When I told them of my good fortune it was the happiest little party of hoys, per haps, teat was ever seen. We all promptly set at hard to form a rayed. j’oiock to Mrs. Sears’, where wenuyrecordially received and entertained right royally. She told us that her house was to be our home until the next steamer left the wharf ior Memphis, which, was three days ahead. She then gave us all 45 a piece and told us to spend It as we liked while we remained in the city. When the day for the boat to leave arrived she ordered her oat riage acd wont with us to the boat and took us on board, paying our fare for 1st- class passage, and bade usau affection ate farewell. v Wo found that there assembled at Mrs. Sear’s every day quite a party of ladies who occupied themselves in mak ing clothing for the Confederate prisoners at Johnson’s Island. She Void us that they despatched 30 suits a week to these unfortunate men. Be fore we got to Cape Girardeau, on our way down. Leech became dangerously sick, and was taken off the boat at that point, and was confined there two months, but getting well came home. Tho rest of us got off at Hickman, ar rived safely at home about tho time the Confederacy went to pieces. Mrs. Sears was a fine looking woman, da**k complexioned, heavy set, hair a little gray, weight about 150 pounds. She was finely educated, with manners the most elegant. Her home to the un fortunate Confederate, regardless of rank, was a very temple of hospitality, and iu their sufferings and distress no effort st amelioration In her power was too great a sacrifice, and she Always bade them to look up and take courage. Verily it seemed that the love she gave them had no bounds. Her 1 hi age has arLen before my mind thousands ofglmek since, and the im pression she made upon me was so strong, so deep and so pleasant that 1 shall never cease to hold her -in earnest, grateful, reverential rhmem- bracoe^ soils, and it^the valleys is found a deep vegetable loam. Tobaccg, TriiCjMMF. grapes alfdo well, iu addition to the main crops of cotton, corn and small gritin. The forests are made up of oak, hickory, short-leaf pine, ash and poplar, and other varieties which at- att.iin great size, some sycamores measuring more than 25 feet in cir cumference and with sugar maples and the tulip tree attracting attention rough their size. The main line of Southern cuts the corner of the county, Blacksburg, 2,000 population, being the only town upon this mileage in York. There is a fertilizer plan! and a foundry employing in the neighbor hood of 100 hands, and splendid open ings for other Industries which have the assistance of local parties. Fine water-powers are near by. The prin cipal town of the county is Rock Hill, a place of 6,000, on the branch of the Southern system, between Charlotte, N. C , and Augusta, Ga., at the junc tion of Ohio River & Charleston Rail road. The manufacture of yarns am sheetings is here ^carried on by four mille operating 32,000 spindles and 819 looms, And a buggy factory, with a capacity of 5,000 vehicles, increases its importance as a business center. Fort Mill, with a population of 1,500 and two mills of 15,600 spindles is an other fiourishing town in the northeast pqrt of the county. “The next county is Cherokee, new county, in which is locAted Gaff ney, the county seat, and two cotton factories, turning about 80,000 spindles and running 1 ;50(r*100tt)S'. amt has re cently added to its industries carpet mills with a capital of 8100,000.. A lime works near town does an exten sive business, shipping also to adjoin ing States. Then ^comes Spartanburg^nDteil aa 7Belargest cotton manufacturing town In the South, and as one of progress. Ils mineral wealth includes-gold, cop- pet,' iron, graphite, asbestos and soapstone. Its water-powers are fur nis led by a number of rivers and crc ;ks, and*1ts timbers include oak, hic iory, pine, chestnut, and walnut. Its soil is a gray, sandy loam, aud pro ducts cotton, corn, fruit and grain. Its-town of chief importance bears the sane name, and ai Spat tanburg, a hea are numercms miirs wiEb spindles by the hundred thousands, looms by the tin) isands, and pay rolls that bear the nan iesj>f hundreds of employees. ZEIia con mmption of cotton at this point is enermous, train loads of the staple bet ig spun and woven every year. New mills are adding always to the list and among it* resources. The SnludA river marks iU western boundary and with the Reedy and Enoree furnish iu water-powers. Oaks, hickory, sail, chestnuts and walnnt appear In iU woods. In tlie center of the county is Greehville, the seat of IU government, at the junction of the lines before men tioned and the Carolina, Knoxville A S estern, a short line terminating^ in e northwest part of the county. With lU 15,000^ population, its mwa with thousands of spindles, iu factories, iU educational advantages and splendid business facilities, Greenville is easily recognized as oue of the leading towns of the State. Piedmont, a town of 1,600, and Greer’s, with 1,200 popula tion, and other towns in the county whicli have important textile indus tries. Four mills at Piedmont hive 59,000 spindles and 1,838 looms, and at and near Greer’s there are factories turning out cloth, yarn, hose and bat- tiu*- “ 1 . _ , v ' “Between the Senoca river on one side and the Saluda on the other lies Pickens, one of the mountain counties, with much broken land, rugged, pic- il valleys and valuable resources. Its mineral rich ness includes gold, copper, corundum, feldspar, iron, asbestos and granite. In the forests are oak, hickory, chest nut and pine, and through its valleys course creeks and riven which supply good water-powers. Corn and grain are chiefly grown, with cotton, clover, hay and some tobacco. The main line of the Southern runs near the south eastern -border of the county, passing through the villages of F.asley, Liberty, Central and Calhoun. -At Easley, the. junction -point with a small road run ning toT*ickeh87Thecouhtyseat7nIoe miles away, is an oil mill, and at Lib erty a similar industry and a planing mill. Four miles from Cemrsd is cotton mill employing 200 hands, and a mile from Calhoun is Clemson Col lege, the .State Agricultural and Mo- chanical School. “Oconee is the northwest county of the State, heavily timbered, well watered, and with A fertile soil, sandy aud clay loam. The precious metals are in ^ts hills and, besides, are lead, copper, graphite, mica and corundum. . .Fifteen, falls, from 30 to.100 feet high, are within the county, which has sev erri Tfriw and creeks. which are floor and feed mills and kindred establishments. * "Two of the Southern lines Join at Colombia, the capita*!, tn Richland County, in tho centre of the State. This county la said to have some of the model faraafof the South. It ie on what ie called the “sand ridge" with dagnifleent winter homes and elegant' [ squares; Piedmont wool and y appointed cottages are all about the | art squares; Beaufort wool and w< town of Aiken, and from December to day it is the scene of much gayety. The pleaeantnMS of its climate, the benefit ^. of its bracing air, the weather statls | chain art squares; Beaufort facilities, "and all other in- and post oat with hiekoty, chestnut, pine and dogwood are its timber feat rolling lands, fine bodies of level coun try and fertile lowlands.. Pipe clay is used for brick and pottery making, and there are large granite quarries which ship large quantities of stone. Cotton, com and tobacco are grown. Columbia, with its 25,000 population, w the second city in, the State, and carries on an extensive manufactur ing business. The Congnree river furnishes an immense water power throngh a canal five miles in length, developing 20,000 horse-power, The industries comprise cotton mills, fer tilizer plants, oil mills, planing mills, machine .shops and lesaer enterprises which aggregate extensive pay-rolls. At Killian, ten mUes above Columbia, kaolin and fire clay are found, a fac tory, employing forty hands using the latter in its wprks. w 4 “Running through the eastern por tion of Anderson County is the line connecting Greenville and Columbia, a branch ten miles in length running from Belton to Anderson, the county seat. The county is. in t e Piedmont region, rich in agriculture and pro gressive iu industriid enterprise. The soils are clay, producing remunerative returns in cotton, grain, grass and fruits. In mineials there are iron, copper, roel, manganese and corun dum, knd in.woods, oak, hickory, pine, poplar, maple ami gum. Water power is supplied by several large streams and smaller creeks and branches. Two o! fhe towns in the county have in «x- oess^qf 5,000 population—Pelzer and Anderson. Pelzer turns 105,000 spin dies in four mills, has a forty-ton oil mill, a foundry and a broom factory, Anderson has 35,000 spindles and 1,' 120 looms at work, In addition to an oil and fertilized plant, lumber mills foundries and minor industries. Wil- liamstou, the first station below Pelzer has 1,400 people, a well known female college, and a mineral spring of wide reputation. Honea Path-has a fertil izer factory and at Belton is the center o£ a flourishing agricultural trader* Abbeville, the county-seat of Abbe- .iillfi Cauutyy-is reached oa the South ics, hotel brmation regarding this charming re treat is given in especially prepared* publications. The county of Aiken is i good field for agriculturists and hor ticulturists, and displays many fine specimens of fruits. It produces the finest kaolin and has manganese and granite, and forests of pine. In im dustrial enterprise It is progressive, and at ViHtclu8e,Graniteville, Langley and Bath there are cotton mills wnfth have hnndteds of operatives. “The manufacturer, bu-tiness man, 'armer or pleasure seeker will find South Qarolina an attractive field, one which can be looked over with profiit. It presents advantages combining agreeable homes and splendid business opportunities." THE GAFFNEY CARPET MILLS. THE PIONEER ENTERPRISE jOF ITS KIND IN THE SOUTH—THE PRESI DENT A THOROUGH CARPET MILL MAN. . ures, with ash and beech. The soil and those built during the last have im rcased the i hundred thousand —Gen. Merritt wear* a seal ring blob has been worn by.ItuLAhieckiM they cure Of the family for five generatioae*^ tw five months sptndies nearly furnished employment tojiun- b of wage-earners. Other'manu- turiug enterprises are comprised in industries of the town and-dis- ise thousands in the business com- nity. Two other towns in the nty have in the neiubborhood of population each, these being CUftcn and Pacolet, the latter’s figures including the employees of the mills two miles from that station. At Clif ton there are large factories running on sheetings, shirting, drills, etc., and* operating 1,700 looms and 51,000 spin dles, and at Pacolet there are tnree others of 57,000 spindles on piece goode, drilling and sheeting. A gran ite quarry is operated here also, include ing in its consignments' cars to Pitts burg and other points North and West. Glettdale, Cowpens, WeltfoPfi ahd Dun can are other towns upon'the South ern system at which there are mills tributary to tho stations. “The main line bisects Greenville County, and the branch between Co lumbia and Greenville is laid through Its southwestern section. The soil is gray to dark saud loam with red clay snbsotl, frequently gravel mixed and. with extensive bottoms .on the creeks and rivers. Its agricultural products include cotton as the main crop, in addition to grains, grasses and fruits. Grapes and apples are remu- 7 uerative, aud stock-raising j B followed afid another on hosiery. ' Farther Tv profit. A good quality of granfto ■ • #. ' is particularly adapted to apples, many magnificent specimens going to the outside markets. Peaches, pears and grapes do well, and other fruits are shown to equal advantage. Seneca and Westminster are towns of 1,000 population through which the South ern passes. The former is at the junction point of the line running io the county-seat, and. has some valua ble near-by water-powers which are not utilised. Four miles away is a cotton mill on whose pay-rolls appear the names of 400 operatives, West minster employs 25 men m a shuttle and bobbin mill. “Coming down from Charlotte, N C., the line to Augusta, Ga., first passes through Fort Mill and Rock Hill in York Couniy, and then runs through Chester County, the line splitting it in a north and south.direction. Chester is designated as iteing in the ‘hill coun try/ and has a reputation for first-class results in agricultural h'nes, grow&ig cotton and grain, sheep and cattle In timber there is oak, walnut, hickory pine and ash, and in. minerals, gold iron, chalk, granite-and limestone Plenty of water-power is available. Almost in the centre of the county is Chester, a town of 5,000, the seat of government, where there is a 300-loom gingham mill and a spinning mill with 5,000-spindles. Blackstbck, a small town near the south border, is sup- pot ted by its agricultural resources “ Next, and near the centre of the State, is Fairfield, a county with char asteristics of both the Piedmont and sand hill sections, aud with rolling lands, varying fromJbroad, level acres-L- to high and broken acreage. The sandy soil mixed with gravel has red clay sub-soils and in addition to cotton and tobacco yields grasses and grains in abundance. Woodwards and White Oak are stations in agricultural com munities passed en route to Winns- boro, the county seat, with a popula tion of about 2,000, where there is a cotton mill employing 125 operatives Next below it is Rockton, whore are the granite Quarries, operated by a , .T Jtcn has pl-iced it in many public and private buildings, including the Carnegia Library, Pitts burg. White, gray and blue asp va- rietie§ furnished, the absence of iron in the stone rendering it free from dis coloration and streaks. Exposure to the weather but increases its whiteness of coloring. Ridgeway and Blythe- wood are stations farther to the south. Following the Broad river on the west side of the county is a portion of the ine connecting Spartanburg and Co lumbia. The towns on this stretch of thirty miles of road arc small and have only the business establishments inci dent to small villages iif agricultural compiumtiet. “Between Fairfield and Spartanburg Aunties is the connecting link of the 'ine last mentioned, this running through Union County, for a distance of thirty-one miles. Union is one of the Piedmont counties, with soils cf ight gravel and sand and red clay loam and sub-soila of red and white clay, and, occasionally, rotten rock. The ands are broken and rolling, very pro ductive, with meadows given largely to stock-raising. Cotton and corn are usual crops, with tobacco, clover and tay. It possesses r fine building granite,'some diamond-bearing rock, and iron, limestone and soapstono. Oak, walnut, hickory, beech, poplar and pine appeal in its list of Umbers. Numerous-water-powers are along the rivers and creeks.. Going toward Co- timbia ‘the first stop is at Jonesville, where there is a small knitting mill, >ut this is also the shipping point of the mill at Lockharl, some miles away where 600 employees are at work. Union, the county scat, is next in vtow, bringing within one’s vision a town of 5,000 people, where there is an oil mill, a plant on cotton art squares^ Florence wool and worsted art squares; GreenvUle wool worsted art squares; Piedmont chain aft squares; Greenville cotton chain art squares; Columbia nuion art squares; Chester-union art squares, and all cotton unions called. Laurens in one grade and Marion in another. The situation, equipment and man agement of the mill has received com plimentary admiration Of visitors from many sections of the country.—Gai ney Ledger. .PLEA . TO . DIVERSIFY CROPS. goods Fao#h are Santuc and Carlisle, points about ern by a ten-mile branch line running from Hodges. Four thousand people live in the county town, where is oper ated a 12,000 spindle mill, Greenwood is in Greenwood County at the inter section of three railroads, anil employes a portion of its 3,500 people in severs cott >n factories. Near Hodges la a sulphur spring of value. Two miles from the town is Cokesbury, where is located the Cekesbury Couference School, an institution founded early in the histoiy of the seetton. At New Market there is a brick factory and six miles farther on at Ninety-Six is the centre of the growing and shipping o:! the ‘Ninety-Six Red Oats’ and other small grams. In Newberry County one is between the Piedmont region aud the sand hills a action of clay and sandy loam with sand and gravel strata under a day sub-soil. The principal crop is cottoi though much grain is grown, with grasses and clover,Rod stock-raising is a profitable line of industry. Oak hickoay, maple, ash, pine, - cedar am poplar are among the woods of utility there is plenty of good building granite and some iron and gold. Nearly in the center of the epunty is Newberry the county. seat, which number 5,300 souls. Seven hundred employees are in its cotton mills, where whirl 25,000 spindles, and here is also an oil am' fertilizer plant aud a coffin factory the latter a recent acquisition. Right miles southeast is Prosperity, a town of 1,000 people, where is a spoke fac tory, a canning establishment and grain cradle, concern. Helena am Old Town are other stations aroum which are the homes of several hun dred people. Leaving -Columbia for Augusta, you are in J<exiugton County, where the Broad river is crossed. Agricul turally, the county has high positi^i. The lands are rolling, with long stretches of level country. A number of streams make through it, affording abundant and cheap water-powers. Stock-raisers find their industry a prof itable one. Pine, cypress, oak, hick ory and ash are in the woods, and granite and fossil sandstone are among its ;roik formations. Batesburg and Lexington, the latter tbo county seat, towns approaching 1,000 itopulation, are the main business places, each having cotton factories. About Lees- ville and Gilbert, smaller towns, are a number of sawmills aud minor business places. “The next county is Saluda, hut re cently created. The Southern Railway runs through one corner of the county, Ridge Spring being the largest town and n well-known shipping point, the location of an oil mill and crate fac tory. Wards has timber indastries. and at Hibei nia is a canning factory. “ Edgefield Couniy has two branches of the Southern, as 1ms also the county adjoining it—Aiken, a short line con necting the towns of Aiken and Edge- field, the junction being at Trenton. Edgefield is an agricultural county, though it possesses a mineral wealth of gold, silver, copper, manganese, soapstone apd. slate, and has timber re sources of oaks, walmlt, hickory, maple; pine and ash. The soil is red clay with much granite out-cropping. Cotton and grain, with tobacco and clqver and grasses, make up the crops. At Edgefield, the county seat, of 2,000 population, is located the complete plant concetning which (here was a special article in the November Field, this concern taking the cotton as it comes from the field, turning it into doth and also utilizing the cotton seed. Here and at Pittsburg, two miles away, are granite quarries of excellence, the Uniled States government owning one at the latter place from which heavy shipments were made for the jetties in (he Charleston harbor. About John ston, a town of -1,000 people, there are several sawmills. / “Aiken County b the last one reached in 'the trip across the £tate, The Gaffney Carpet Manufaeturing Company is the pioneer enterprise in the South of its kind, and is con stantly running full on orders ahead. Letters are being received, daily from all parts of the South complimanting the company on the beanty and quality of their goods and enclosing orders for additional goods to be shipped at once. The company has thirty-iwo acres land, finely situated upon which build and extend its plant. From its conception until its completion the length of time consumed in construc tion was so remarkably short that it showed the evidence of expert man agement. The work of construction was com-' menced about June 1st and completed in less than three months and ma chinery in operation. The main build ing is two stories, 122x74 feet. There is an annex three stories, 74x43 feet. The office building is 41x22 feet; en gine.-room 42x20 feet; boiler room 42x40 feet; dye house 60x42 feet. Besides these, buildings the company has erected all necessary outhouses and tenements for the operatives. The company has a fine water supply and have erected and are operating its largely reduce, if ndt wholly can- own private water works and run their 1him The newspapers of the South are en gaged in encouraging a change from the all-cotton idea, apd are doing most valuable woiV No better presenta tion of the question could be had than thh following extract from an article of B. H. Zellner, of Monroe County, Georgia, written nine years ago and recently reproduced in tho Monroe Advertieer: “ Is there no hope of emancipation from this cruel, grinding, crushing bondage 1 There is one hope. It lies in diversified farming; to producing instead of purchasing supplies. Our farmers have exhibited astonishing nerve and perseverance in the cultiva tion of chiton. Let thdm throw the same energy- -and perseverance inter the production Of home supplies, and success is insured. Farming without provision crops is like chewing with out the cud, like biting without teeth. If one has debts to pay leyt, him ‘pitch* his first crops mainly for supplies, ♦ /-> Yrfv i rtn Vi t st 1111/013 Varieties vv DICQ COLKlt? in early. With but little labor and scarcely any expecse, he cqn have an orchard of good fruits, u good garden of vegetables. Irish potatoes^turnips,' wheat, barley, 130 and oats. These may all be pushed forward early, and, with plenty of these, but little corn will be required, while the meat bill may be greatly reduced. In June hie surplus wheat will command, say from one and one-half to two dollars peX btif-hel, and go far towards paying his corn and meat bills. Hence, most of money accruing from his -cotton can be applied to the liquidation debts formerly contracted.—-WUh - . .of provieions for “the second yeajvhis surplus T.heat, potatoes, rye, fruit and syrup, with his cotton crop, ( plcosui by New York and health resort frequented H Northern society. own electric light plant—with the most modern and economical steam, plant. A water tank of 10,000 galjqns capacity is constructed for sprinkler purposes, with a small tank for general purposes. Both male and female oper-, atives are employed, but the male ele ment predominates. The machinery is of the latest pattern. As soon as the weather permits the company purposes -laying off the grounds in walks and otherwise beau tifying them. Mr. Bierck, the manager, is a thor ough carpet mill man, having been in the business since he was thirteen years of age, and has- had experience in all departments; foi twenty-one years designer and colorist for several of'the leading mills of the country. The successful management of a car pet Tuill depends not only upon the capacity of the executive, but also upon tho ability shown to produce pattern, color and styles which will make the goods popular and of a ready sell ing character. This requires years of experience with all classes of trade iu every section, as the demand embraces the most tasty to the most glaring ef fects in design and coloring. - The company is equipped to make at short notice all manner of specialties in weave and patterns with trained over seers in each deparlment. Its dye- house is a model of modern construe-,, tion and produces dyed material of tb$ , | finest order. The following are the. goods manu factured: Piedmont wool and worsted extra supers; Beaufort wool and worsted ex tra supers; Florence wool and wonted extra Supers; Greenville wool and worsted extra supers; Piedmont cotton chain extra supers; Beaufort cotton chain extra supers; Florence cotton chain extra supers; Greenville cotton chain extra supers; Columbia union extra supers; Chester union extra supers; wool aud worsted terries with, borders to matcl grades; terry wool and worsted art cel, his indebtedness. This program will begev confidence, and enable him, if need be, to borrow some of that money his neighbor has iu hank at a nominal per cent. By resUng, ma nuring and diversifying crops the farm is improved and new papital is supplied from its constantly-increasing value. By sowing the cereals, grasses and clover, turning under green crops of weeds, pea-vines and clover, compost ing All scrapings from stables, lots, ash banks, yard, margins and fence corners, and increasing the stocks and herds— all of which, with a small acreage in * cotton, there will be ample time to do —lie will win a competence and inde pendence as certainly as bis neighbor wbo,^rom the-beginning, has pureued that policy." How often you see a man deeply engrossed in Ris worn, fait of satisfaction at what he has accomplished in business, ready to go ahead and carry out bound less schemes of jtchieve- ment, and using up all hia strength and nervous force, never pausipsJo think what unseen dangef'may threaten him from behind. Mighty few hard working men ever stop to real ike that the headaches and, dizzy sensations and: feelings of weak ness and sluggish ness and incapacity * that overcome \ them at time* are the forernnaers of aeri- ous disease. ^ More men would succeed in carrying out their life purpoeea if they would pnt their constitutions in strong, forceful, high con dition, without waiting until disease has plunged ita axe into their vital organa. If a man who is using np his working vitality fester than hia nutritive powers supply it, will use Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Dis covery as an adjunct to hia daily meals, it will give the digestive organs power to take hold of the food and extract from it the elements which strengthen the vital onanism and build ,up healthy blood. It revitalises every organ and tisane of the body; purges bilious poisons out of the circulation ; invigorates the nerve cen ters and Jkhe muscular system and makes a man altogether a idan—full of ambition, energy, and pluck. Mr. Jos, Henderson Dirbtun, of 5*4 Josephine Street, New Orleans, La., writes to Dr. Pierce : X * - - - Discovery to Prof. Gilbert H. Hicks, of the divts-: ion of botany in - the Department of Agriculture, died suddenly last week at his residence in Washington. He was a native of Michigan and gradu ate of the Michigan Agricultural Col lege, where later he taught botany. He was in charge of tbo seed testing laboratory of the department, passing upon all seeds coming, into this coun try for the department and experiment. station work. Prof. Hicks perfected a very.excellent system of seed examin ation. and clarification before distnbn- tiofa; also seed testing for impurities and adulteration, as practiced both by foreign exporters to the United States, and native dealers. He discovered and brought to account a number ol. firms selling highly adulterated farm and garden seeds, the department be ing empowered by act of Congress to publish the names of such seedmen doing fraudulent business. Mr. Hicks wA a young man, just starting on a bright and useful career and his 1om # will be mourned by the many close friends he has made as well as felt in- dir£blly by the great agricu^Hiffb^lC^ ter»ity_in^ whese-rintereftshe was a >rer.—Progressive Farmer. It is announced that a company of Des Moines (Iowa) ind 'Kansas City capitalists have secured Control of 8,500 aeres of. Texas land in Jefferson County, Tesras/and will at once ar- - range for/he irrigation of the tract for i rice cultivation. < Their plants to keep j 2,000 acres of their purchase and to sell the rest in tracts oi 160 acres or [anorer Only seventy years have elapsed since the first railway in the world was finished. Daring that comparatively brief period 400,000 miles have been constructed, tbe British empire ac- | counting for about a sixth. % The Swiss society Rambertia has laid out an Alpine garden at Montreux, at an elevation of 6,000 feet, Where the characteristic trees and floweis of the country are to be cultivated. The strength and character devel oped by a day’s work are worth mors than a day’s pay. - To make farming successful, the fanner must know his business and attend to it. for aosnr years, suffering from a tired feeling and loss of energy and , I tried one bottle of-Dr Pierce's en Medicsl Discovery and found great re lief. I took two more bottles, three in all, and one or taro bottles of the ‘EeUet*,’ whan-1 found myself in good health'sgain. I recom foetid Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Diao do aj^that it is claimed to do." tn many cases where constipation is one of the sgrravatinf causes of disease, Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets should be used in conjunction with the “ Discovery.” They is one much sought, it being the J 1 * •l m P le * t “A “ ol v —7^ ’ ww laxative ever invented, ie nnd health resort frequented it is a dealer’s you ask for—not what he \ Charleston, H. C ’ —^—*- OSBORNE'S irhat he prefers lor selfish : -ll - ' 1 • ■■■ '"W