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- ^ ' Wk r - --r, . V- A ll fnla- n ^ WOTtr-TOU xx\ uob Printing Fxpont'Hl i romptl.r an»l in th« ben. »* y .ms on the Ftoruj Prigs'- e*.' Vl^WXaW aa*;c ; fi hK» f. T (iwniMI rt -A 'u 4 it .h- 1 snl 11 “■'A wi!\ia| A. -ll-.'; ^ Mo?iby to Irrwi ou *.4- ! l Tuvntairy", " " t"? | ImmU c«r «Riipe WiB ^ . . *9irn of ileftm) and Unit 4 p«ndiH»vi P . ty clalmfl. buy uchool and codto* 3\n i BARNVVELL COURT HOUSE, S. €., DECEMBER 11,1890. No. 15. THE GOVERNOR’S INAUGURAL. ’•*Q«¥H~rW f, - memory of the wrong# and »inatiHfl l ( ern statesmen oallod “tmlftlrslM The hm^ed npol thlt'Whiles by the black# i State alone ean remedy these evils, and r iilihby#4r#’ruy|e, ha# pro- the State should do it. It need nob cost itfttofy of politics voked retaliation, ami oft&- injuatfoe, 1 anything except-to enact tne law and Phan, finds how little worth in dollars and cent# is the music, drawing and painting, etc., upon which money and time had been lavished in her no-calied that a man is so honored a# 1 am. It is is true. It w as natural and inevitable. ; putitf^eNeyat^Hl iti evfui^ttnt and l^yy^ wl^mttioti. The State ha# never done not customary to yjerl of inauguration in fldBho, am once before, that I am a wart Jen neeegsan !«Ul r . . Hut we owe it to ourselves As a Chris- } al Ii|mBs In S)i |T6 IhfcTltr&d ffniifi) lellSw citizens w honor to come vvitpesses of ^ffreSsHe cer nnonint, ] can only aim pie words, ,# 1 ibauk youJ’ ertpf my done me the ihu ttu- 10 n^ay , : .HP.... only j tian people; we,owe it to the good haine ] ba# it. of our Stale, winch has been blackened a yand^iif prosperity rctardeii, [ tnere is et tht tisft^itsp^ tkiofp* should be stopped. 1 State shall dtf more—make IiTregim! to ttic proposed change in ju th,e uiHijnjjpuweni of <»er fbee #chool#, tafdeHj’fxiier^ is a popular demand,, that the the system »ay To the people l owe my election after a moat roemofable canvass, Tp the people oir^ ly 1 owe allegiance, and the people 1 mrviGM*. —- —-r— This is no mere liolidav oeeasion. - The ciQBpn# . of, this iw&f ooimmm- || 11 i)VveTd»Ui» first Hijie in ilk hrs- torV demanded and obtained for them- '13ie whites iiavtml. solute control of the State (jovern.nent, and we intend at any ami all hazards to.nnaiii it. The intelligent exercise of thiTnghi df suf frage, at. once tite highest privilege and most sacred duty of the citizen, is as yyt beyond tim capacity of the vast ma jority of colored men. We deny, with- •smtsrgnrd tro rotor, thar^ll men are created e^uai’jL it is m>t true now, aqd was not true when .fofprten wrote it. Htft we'cannot (Why, ahd if is our duty as the governing power in Soutli Caro- selvcs the right to choose -hex Gukar«i.iiua Ua ausm-e to- •very individual, iibf*"ad(fV a^Tie expouentoaml IcaderTblack and white, the “right to life, lib- - ■ - — ■* ' * »» the law {n effective or do nothing, and abolish the two mill-tax^leaving educafioh alto- e gctlier to the people them selves. - I The condition of our higher in bodies, is.that government good or had. The antidote is an opp r «ttn n party P» w atch those In office snd show to the people any shortcoming. We have been denied this blessing In Soutli Candina by reason of the necessity of the whites remaining united. But the pifriontad- of the revolution which brought about the change, am here to take the solemn oath uf ntttee and enter upon the dfs- 'Cbarge of Its onemns duties. Before duiug this It is proper, and usage makes it obligatory on me', to make known my views and opinions on the important questions agitating-the public mind, and to show where and how tiie reforms are needed and can be wrought. With such an audience as this, sym pathetic and enthusiastic, l might, if 1 were an orator,attempt to play upon your feeling# and win applause Uy flights of what some call eloquehro, 1ml which sensible pet>ple concede as “glit tering genemJJtiea.” the tinsfei and brass buttons of s dress' parade, mean ing nothing and worth nothing. The respousibilftic# of my jaisltfon, the re liance of the people upon my leader- utiytblng'for Its women except appro priating a siuall amount to the" Win- throp Training School for Teachers. ! ministration and the preseht geuefaj as It would be wrong to enter id competi- faembly will be watched by tjfie people tiou with tmr private feipgle colleges as no other in our Idstory has been by establishing an ordinary school, but j watched, and we imift liear always in one in which the industrial art# and mind that reform cannot come from any sciences, telegraphy, designing, stc-, mich line of action. < nography, book-keeping, chemistry Having given this caution, I will rc- and ihe" practice 4f cooking, house- ly upon your sense of duty to vote in- keeping, etc, af# caught will, I am 1 telligently and for the best interest of siife, supply a long felt and pressing : the state In fining all oftlce# in your want. The 8tate may not he prepared ‘ gift. In making these observations, 1 to undertake thU work right at tlus | in no wise mean to cast any reflections the^itat^ca» aHorri"n) do‘‘ttrnhis tin# Hinuf, hut/ustfceandeiiRghti ned states- | upod the gentlemen in charge or the IStltll- tious of lesM-ning is efinally, uuiatiatiw*, terjv th« , St >ile has heeo making smn^ cbsfty experiments. For five years there has.been active and persist ent agitation on the subject of what tCWT and wirat is best for it to do. One side -contended for. literary and scientific training and the Lnivebdty system, which necessarily cpi*l the student more, and the State more per student educated..- TheoUibr-d«ma4«»ed -ehewrv practical education, in which the appli cation of knowledge and science to the mansbip will not allow it to be long de- ; penitentiary, laved. Asa gfop in this direction, I ! I have only a Recommend that the Governor be ail-I make in reference tlborized to a|*pfdot tlnep ronunispinn ■ of the’instlUHlbn'. erty and the pursuik.of With all the machinery 6l our hands; with every department of . the government, Executive, . buaitM*##•< tive and .ludicial, held by white twott; ’ ThtTfulng of mu agriculture and tiie me- trs to asct^rtaiM and report on— f*t. Wtiftt a ref the pf^per reqaiire- ments for such an institution and what u ill be the probable ^pj^ial cost <*f Its 2d. What inducement In the wav of w ith w hite juHes, white Solicitors, ehauic acts.should be tlui nmiu objeoto. grounds, buildinga^ mofteys or other white Sheriffs, it is simply infamons Both sides were right from their stand- that resort should be had to lyncj law,"] point#, but ho agreamettt or Fhnfp^o- and that prisoners should be inufdeved mise lias been wr»ssp)le heret(»a>re. tk because the people have grown weafy i'pp|p%tabt.haa|l>st thr^i OBluableyeara, fth of the law’s delay aiul it# inefficient ail- ’ll a# wa-eed sum.- *‘h;brtr or niaety tl miuisiraiioli. Negroes have acglfly ^saiuMffiptrs, Md #w (tH^wImli syi Hlwa>s been the victim#; and the jlpu-, uiusKheoferMaulcIl,and rc^djusiei fessiop i# a blot on our civiiiadiPon. 1 afecoplaiCT wrgi theSfcUlgfe the pop] Let us see to it tliat the linger of scorn j as shown at the recent election. Let no longer be pointed at our Stale be- 1 trr^ncr^ics in trying to cause of this deplorable condition of affairs. Let us iiuut out the defectM in our law#; let us make plain and simple securities may be off sired by persons or to tens Ih the ISiwta to^jecure Us loca- .tton, and to foalte mcommendations ^icreqn aftec.visiting tiie same if neces- ijexpemfp*incurred in getting this on .^(mTd i|i»t exceed tliree ollars, to J>ai«l out of the • conci ngewrrond. After a thorough examination of the start right at laat, and (jndi'avor t© bai’^‘neetlu^U and work of tiie Winthrop morrize coMHctWg Interests and ojilu- ions. The’ people have deckled lhat , —_ r —_— , ,— ;v r silent the riTTcs ofOvnu Whlclrtfat o outraged tficre ia no usu Tor a grand Ui Over sit r t oeatfon a“i*Tt-her return justice !>> granting continuances and -Js*" -to gsmek, alllsi demand the i^sptaT* of practical gtatejsm&nfihip aud bustooas metliods We are met to do the busi- nebiSp? fill p^o|®e, Itbc if* evuiv* att olutobia, but they TiaiuHig .Scliool, l am positive in say ing no nionev spent by the Slate tored- lh a ft that’given this institution. 1 The cry Ahim tbeahyrtness o^our JegisLaLbaaaiew triat# iijkmi teebnioahties. !>•» ti* terinitted that the South ‘Carolina (Jol- i comew fi4)m all over the Slate for better (dnb-fburthspf wldch I* aiiiadv I in#i«t tbkt only Jiftolligent, sober, vir- kge, aa»a#cboW of Ubaeal edu|ation*'la ) tieaHiers and trained teachers. There *s ’ are v ] nut I hihrg F—^ .1 iiiAnl. \Ve < r oftii) as reformers, claim- j ate remedy, to be used only w lieu ing that manv things in the govern- } other# fail, grant the Executive tin- nc.nl are wrong ami lhat there U room tuons citizens sit «»n (»ifr juries. Let i the elasshdi, in the theoretical* sciences j are i« our white public schools 1,102 puMiahment f<»r crime, by w liomsocver j and U> literaumi, '‘aliali i»e ‘ liberaky j wu»l« aad ipVO female teachers, sbow- coymdri^d, la* prompt and sure, and ! aup|x>rted.” After eonsnltat|«>« 'vllh [tug that women are moat in demand. tfiTrTf^iWirdrtlie cause the aifeot tfWi VfeStaNIff^il yKSTTiron Is made to srspply Tt7’ The J dsinpliiai# -iSinl ni> n fnut ill s aHT’TrtlS’rens, l riCnnnm adeii'ibnt flvd paa amnim, u> one wits taxes letter government Our ta.»k is * .tin the ower o# aDsoluW* reijioval of any Sher- [T who fails to prevent any such act of people J violence ii‘ his County after the law governmentMid mbeo« tli ifout ; baa takenVontrol of the prisoner. j ( .v., nment as emtoply Its pos4b\jr«r l have, thought it wise to speah^ Id 1 r#org#wlz We must, how ever, never Ipse sight of'f Wiiphaiie terms on^this subject, be-’ tbb fact that iiigganfUtiOMn* not always cause every Carolinian worthy of economy. The jhm vh will pay even j •am*' must long to see the lima w more taxes Omm'hi prompt, *f^th^y l#v\ shall rea-sert its sway, and when know these taxes ** wisely jBXpwidmlf wu neople will not he divided into hos- and for their beuetitA''- • ^ Before I proceed to dlacasa In plain atraigbeforward faslT 1 shall ask you to congratulate you rory achieved bv t « ent election. i># the people, ii;©( woaj|^|ilfc»r\' UlipAfll ? BOTH Itlj^’TlUliuiii, t nCimnwf piitil thut I dtTm^iivniii f the CniverMty system bnabolHhed, the npitrhetirflciary from each county who : experimental farhT at ( oiunih'ui: aotd\ aitnnda-tbo V* mthrop Stdiuol, and non* land tiie .proceeds covered into the are admitted except those who are ITeattiry, the mechanical llepartment jji vowed ly preparing themaeives as few observations to o the manage ment Its failure t(> yield anvthinglike an a-lct|uat^ income from so mutch labor is attributed to the losses by freshets In the river. Year after year, in spite of these losses, the ut- Teiript to farm has been persisted in, and I see the board has presumed to makeJ contract# on these same plac s tor next year, thus tying the hands of the next administration. If the state is going to farm, it ought to work on ft# own land, so as to derive the benetit of ail j improvements. It ought to farm, or it ought not, a.nd In my judgment thel»e-t results to make the institution yield an ‘ income commensurate with its worth can he secured by removing all restric- 1 lions on leasing or hiring the convicts, l aud allow ing them to he employed in public or private, that pays best. Agricultural labor tS anitatAVayB has been the least re.iiuneratlve of any in the world, and I think the best re sults will follow when the directors of ■the penitentiary are allowed to Contract for labor at so much for so* many days labor of ten hours, the contractors hav ing nothing to do with finding, cloth ing or guarding the rmrvirt# ■'I'heatate •htiiiUl:r t ».t»iii.^Zlitrnl »lC. .Alwt « returned below its “marketable value.” When, theretpre, an auditor is assessing property and the rax payer Is a voter to pas# upon lUk claim for re election, itls asking fcoo much of poor humanity to expect him to offend his friends ami constituent# by piyiiig into tlmlr affair* too closely. Hence, we find that tax payer# by the thousands, not only fall, to return all their property a# the law requires, but they sign the oath that they have returned all their property at Its true value, when they know', and thj> . auditor knows the returns are absolute ly false. The auditor does not rare be- ean*e be get# a salary, and he does not like toollend a man who ha# a vote, while the governor doe* not care be cause he appointed the choice of the |WM>ple The local equalization board appointed by the auditor for political effect, anil getting m* pay, and goes tlinmirh these re.turnx Imrrlcilly -ami with alt »T* bHongirtg# tranf-fernM rf* ^teaeliers km sun C uliggy, AUd that a complete 4 mark Urn ct vorgwtrfra-rtonheCrTl^wd. A j Tars speiit a The course i# one year. Now couuaau Three ii 11 ndred dol- speiif ifntn 1 ally on eatm heneflciary appropriation, and one which wilt suf- , at the Citadel; two are allowed from rice to give the institution stability a n’d euch .x Minty: the. course is four year#, t oharHcier, noght to be thade. * ThlrH' ! and the graduates are vlrtuallv released thousand d< tuiuon lees liars fyr all purpose# hihJ tail b« prolitably i.rtaxl. 111 tical camps, and all classes and j my opinion, ami 1 hope it will receive Ickd in ijs magiiitude ami impoi and those w t»ti3e uTOrfs wen? fr as they watched the trend of National c«*L?fs shall vie with each other 111 f^ffdTy rivalrv r To make the State pros- p#ious and I appv. Haying m ver aspired to, or held, anv ditic*n •Mice before, my place in South irdliua Im- *impl\ been tliat of k vn- r and t*x-pav *-r. Hem e | un not as conversant with tbcdetaili vnt depaitillents^of the ernment as 1 could wi*h. of th« M*le dif- gov- thai amonui by )>erpeiual annuai grant so a# to remove the. t ollege from politi cal influence# and antagonism*. The work 011 Clemoon College has bevn dela^etl l»y the failure until re cently to iuaiff‘ suitable brick on the ground. The founding of a grand ag ricultural ami mechanical industrial svliool, with all that gqcs to .makeup legislation in its uy(ilu»hing usurpa- , knowledge as I |m>sschm, I w ill now, as lion of authority^ it* (^•ntmlizitig grasp j tincriT a# possible, direct your atten- upon the throat of the States, Its abject | lion to such matter* of public interest 1 surrender to tiie |H»w er of corporNle j as teem ol ino*t hnpnrtatice. money and class interest*—all such ] The iinpioveiociit of the free selmnl tnu#t lift up joyful hearts of praise to syaU-m and tiie wise adjustment <»f the All-Kuler, and feel tlieir failh in J means to ends in the management of the stability of huf republican TTistltu- j our instiiiitions »*l higher tMlueation so tions strengthened, In our own State a* to obtain the tH*t*t results demand the triumph of He mis-racy and w hite i your best care and prompt aetion. The " ith sueh ! * suitHble plant, is a costly job at any’ time or place.* YYJu.iy it is Fcmeiubtred that die Tni#- te*w had to go in tiie woods, and must build everything from the ground, it can be readily seen that a largo amount of money will be needed. After close calculation, based on our experience thus far, we rind it will nqujjo not less than one hundred and tlltv thousand front the obligation to teach'In the pub- lli schools, while many of th«m have left the State as soon as they graduated. “Man to man so oft unjust, Is always #n to womatt.’’ And here we have not only Injustice, but a vvoful lack of common sanMv, and no regard for that adjustment of means to end* which alone can justify taxa tion for education, l will close these, extended remarks un education by re penting the words of a deep thinkecT “If We educate our men, their children a*7/ be educated; but when we educate our women, we know their children wtU In educated (’aroliu*’# daughters are h r brightest. jeweJ#L Love, patriotism, justice, all demand that they be no lon ger neglected or treated like poor ref lation*. i have made one brief visit to the Lu- feeliri g‘ ‘ bofvvoe 11 stipreinacy oj^r tnuugj-clUiU uud au-4 • arehy, of clviiizstton over barbarism, ] it a* been inp^t cotupk-to^ Ami It l> gratifying to it«te the fact that this was j attended by political phenomena w hich w as a surprise to all of os. Our colored ! fellow ei:i/eii* absolutely relused to her hul to the |hd 1 s by their bosses. The ■ upportouitv of having their votes free- ] ly cast and honcMtly ciHiutei), which it has hce.n claimed is denied the negroes^ caused scarcely a ripple of excitement nmong them. The)’ quietly ptirstnd their arm'atii'ns and Jefi rhe conduct 4»f fhe election to the - whites. -Manv who vot4 d cast their ballot* lor the reg ular Democratic thdiet, and the conse quence is that to-day there is loss race prejudice and race ^^•Whlte^bien aiiff—-Tyfaclt "tuett « bf Ckroiina than has ex W^d *t • shtce . * The diauial ex|>eriment of universal negro suttrage, inspired by hate and a cowardly deal re for revenge; the rot ten government built upon it ami propped with bayouet>; theTaCe antag onism which blazed up and is still alive; the robbery under the forms of taxation^ the riot and debauchery in our legi*latlv*4i*ll# and in our Capi tol; the prostitution aud impotema; of our Courts of justice, while rape, arson ami murder stalked abro«d in o(>en daylight; Che paratyli* of trade; Hie ktagnntiorf of agrierrtftire; the demoral ization of society; the ignorance, the upa hy, the despair which follow ed and brooded over the land—all these things have we eBdurod and survived. Near ly a quarter of a century ha* passed since the two peoples who occupy our territory w ere taUgljtto hate each oth er. The carpet-bag vampires and na tive base traitors who brought H about and kept it alive for their own sinister purposes are nearly all gone. There v never was any just reason why the white ami black nfeit of Carolina should not live together In peace and harmony. Our interests are the same, and our future, whether for weal or woe, cannot be divorced, 'j’he negro v ’was-astHUiwb friend and faithful ser- V vant during the war, when there was every opportunity to glut upon our .wives and children any hatred or de« Mto for revenge. Ho had none: There . i# not a single instance on record of any disloyalty to his master*# family during that trying and bloody period. The re collection of this fact should make us - charitable toward* him for the excesses to which lie w a# excited by the oppor tunity, example and instigation of his white leaders during the dark day#. ! have just depicted, lii* conduct in the recent political'campaign shows that —he has b&gun to thhik iur.himself, .and realizes at jasi that his beat frtmtlt and ^safest miyisersanrthe white *»m»» 'wfl# wltlrtho pr 1 vil '»ow n the land and^iveliitn employ men t. ' When it is clearfy shown that a major ity of our colored voter# are no longer pHUiotum, i«*t«4iigefiee and virtue of ih«* individual citizen i# the foundation upon w hb'h n ^t*' free repre>*etitHtive government. The educaHon and pro|»- **r training of the voters who must I eloMeH' the public olTieer* to carry on the State’s affair* i-, therefore, a sacred i duty, whh’h cannot he negleeted w ith- 1 (Hit injury to the ^tate and t<* society. No hue w ill doqmte this. But how much i» no nth Carolina doing in this I behalf? Is our present system a good' one? Are w>d< ing all we can to train ! our youth* and tit tleMn for t he duties 1 of life? 1 answer unhesitatingly, no! In our tow us and village#, by rea.-on of supplementary taxes or voluntary contribution*, the schools ju'Y*. |*t r ly g<»od. i. A mong the fatJm’ry hVtbe eqryj^ I dollars to coiitplele ami equip all the^ n, *V 0,I, V^ l ,,lve n, *de such In-1 ! iH*ce*sarv btiildUtg* in a plain, subshin- ' ff u ' r ,^ H, "l investigation a* I could in re- j Hal manner. The last Legisl^ure np- g*rd to to system of management. The | | preprinted forty-three t InuH-and dollars ' institution is very full, and the appro- 1 * for this pun»o*e, and it w ill require at ' l‘H ; d , on for this year has been $110,000, least one hundred thousand dollar# | u Hn l ,M, onte fn addition of about to complete all the department* j P H ‘* , * n h*** I he outlay KintFh J *fry the * gdwf vrbrttrd fs rbb-^cteepTlbh, - atiy tloie j vrhtl© inferior schmvls, wltich tmi three or four moiitlis, are the rule. There i* jtist enough effort by the Mate to par alyze private sch(tAis, arid tliere isiibso- lute retrogression in education, yvith correspomling increase in illiteracy. We spend in round numbers for froe (*omm'on schools per annum about live hundred thousand dollars, and for higher education about otic hundred thousand. This is ri fly-two cent# per capita of population and allow* less than two dollars to each child of school age. It must not bn forgotten that the whiees pay nearly all of this, except what 1# obtained from the poll tax. Without giving reasons, which, will readily occur to every thinking mind, I suggest the following « c heme to im prove the free school system as a basis of (teriuanent and lasting schools: The respective Counties should be divi ded by a reliable surveyor into school diiqrict# as nearly square a# the con tour and the larger streams and sw’amps w ill permit. These should be. of an area not greater than thirty-six nor less than sixteen square miles, in propor tion as population is dense, and w ith one white and one colored school in each. A I! the public school, funds should he concentrated to run these alone. The Trustees should he elected by the residents of said district#, only freeholders being eligible to that office. The poll tax should be three dollars instead of one dollar as now, and this will require a Constitutional, amend ment. Empower the Trustees to erect suitable buildtifgs as near the centre of district# as practicable, with money ! borrowed for that purpose, and set apart for each year #0 much of the school fund a* may be necesiary to liquidate the debt in ton year#/princi pal and interest. Th«n allow/voters of each district to levy at’ their option and without further legislative sanction a supplementary tax for Un sole .use-ami benefit up to ffvf mills if they so desire, Hlefre imbued WiiUi-the HepublieitrWea, tiffm the vex^t negro problem will be sofVefi, and tltofiifrmmMo-'of 11 retifrn^o nbgm domination will haunt u# do more. Cannot l appeal to the magnanimity of the dominant rape* Cannot I pledge in your behalf that we white men of Bouth.Carolina stand ready and wil ling to listen kindly to all reasonable t complaints?* To grant all just, right and *afe privileges to the«e colored peo- more and «tart ihe CoUfgiL AVe call build the ^cluMd wlthont'Miy additiott.il ap propriation, but it will be two years be fore it eaii he starred, and I w ill show how this is done. .« „ ('I’he Governor recommends that tiie funds donated for agricultural purjx*- s-s by the r .S. r.overnm. nt amoiinting to and the pt ivilege tax on ler- 1 tili/(-rs of, say, f 1u,i>ki^1h* approhrmtcU, J and that the C fern son be^tiesl n«* bor-: n>wed to by returned in ten amuial in- »■ ry*tUti t.v. 1 ^v, ‘‘^i 1 r 1 1 rr to each taxpayer of designating the school to which thi# additional tax shall be applied. Finally, let the State arrange, alone if ifeed be, but jii Company w ith other Southern’Stttos j^iipsslble to^iave suit able school pooKs compiled or-pub lished on royalty, or bought at whole sale, as mar bfe cheapest; and furnish tho samo to scholars;! at cost, allow ing no others to be used in public schools The scItOo) book trust robs mir* people of an enormous amount of money every year. It Is possible to buy au edition of Waverly Novels, twenty volumes, next October 1 Of the Citadel Academy I shall have little to say: It t# unfortunate, in my opinion, tbat it vva* ever reopened a* a beticrieiary military s<-lt(Nd, The mon ey, WJd, which has recently Imh*n■ spent in rebuilding the bn ring wing and in repairing and equipping • the w hole building, cotihi,,in niy-jiidgmeiU, have been far more pro til ably bsyd jn ertcling an Industrial aud Norutal .^clioU for girt#, md the ?'Jfl,ndff-annual appropriation, w hieh itffakes'to fiui tbc Citadel, wpuUi Itrtve gone far tovVanis supporting sucli.a vahmble and neces sary addition to our educational sys tem. But the money has lieen *|>ent. The buildings are in* splendid order; the school i# in a nourishing rendition, and it holds a warm place in the hearts of many o^pur ]>eople as a landmark of the old regime. A conservative regard for the rights aud wishes of even a small minority ought to have weight with those w ii<> have themselves so long been denied what they wish. Tiie re are too few lights in Smith Car olina tor u* to'wantonly put out any of tliem, and for the present ( recom mend that the usual appropriation be granted. Under the terms of the Land Grant Act, military science and tacties must he taught at ihe Clentson College. At tliat College a boy can learn every thing now imparted at the Military Academy and much Imsides. its in dustrial feature w ill help poor boys' to educate themselves without discrimina tion, ’'while tiie CjWadel furnishes'free education, laard, clothing, &c., to a limited number, under conditions which savor often of favoritism Whether after the Clemson College is started and there will he duplication of touching force and identity of our ettr- rtevrium with the Citadel flic State can afford to maintain three schools for Itsr son# and not on« for her daughters, -wUI—Imi Aor-the. .people to .deckle. ~A4 tm tlii* charity, after deducting the fn- ! torest on tlw( State, debt, 1# hIkmji one- ! fifth ot <Mir entire State cxitendittire. Tiie Report of the Superintendent show s ATo and «*.T1 colored pa tient ■» in the institution and a per ea[>- | ito expend lure of 87 cents per dwy. But th • c Mii ( >aiisou with I ^titn^ons whose’patients are all while Is unfair and misleading. A glance at the ao- conmiodatiou, clothing, eto.,j*f the col ored patients show# that tlfey do not cost anrtlting like this amount, and, ort»*ore, the white |uUient*.are .cost ing much more per capita than Is shown in the Report. 1 am trot pre pared to say whether there is room for retrench men t or npt in the manage ment, hut l am very positive on two points: (1). There ar^ people in the Asylum who ought not to betnere, because they Can be more economically supported elsewhere. And (2): A change should he made in the law so a-r > require each (’(Minty to support it<m\n insane. - To relieve, the existing pressure and to restore th<* institution to, its proper 11s *s as a hi spTtiil for dangerous and cu- r ihTeTunittcs, I advise tliat a commis sion of throe physician4 and two citi- ^ens, tube appointed by the executive prevent abuse. The rbcent purchase of a farm whieh i« subject to overflow is contrary to law, and therefore to be enndemne'd, but I think tho law which forbade, it wa* un wise, because, when tho state shall, by levees, keep out the water, the object lesson may induce capitalists to invest in'these swamp lands and reclaim them. With the large amount of labor at com mand it i# certainly cheaper to keep our water ihsn to buy up land# as rich. One such farm tiie state ought to have, both to show the value of these land* and to j employ its surplus lalwr at certain ! times; hut leasing the convict# on the plan 1 purpose, will, 1 am sure, yield bettor results. But I must hurry on, for there are «o many important questions with which we have to deal that I shall tire your patience and Mtiil leave much unsaid. AX ALIKK CON#riTUTIOX. It I# twenty-two years since the con stitution under w hich we live wa* forced u|>oi) an unwilling people, by aliens. While many )f its provisions are wise and cannot lie improved, there is much in it Uusuitod to our condition and wants. All attempts to remedy it# most glaring defect* have failed. .Some pro vision# In it cannot lie obeyed, others w’e have never tried to obey, u hile oth ers still have been trampled under foot to the g^eatInjury of certain counties and sections. I cannot consume time in pointing out all these things, hut l am unalterably Hxed in the belief that # convention of the people should be called to make the change if needed, and in corporate such additional features as will adn|>t it to our people and their sur roundings. The cost of such conven tion should not weigh in the least against such action, for the benetit# to b^ expected >vill «o far exceed the cost that money cannot enter a* a factor. The people, I am sure, want a trew or ganic law, and are w illing to pay for it. If they do not, they can say #0 by their votes, and^ the servants of the people should uot^vot use to aliovv them the op portunity. But w hile demanding a new constito- tion, recent event* have shown in no uncertain way that our people an- equally determined to allow no w anton or impudent disregard by the general assembly of the present instrument. The w rong perpetrated by the failure to re-apportion representation will be righted beyond dotfbt by this legisla ture. „ (The adoption-of the Georgia railroad law is urged. Both the road# and the people in that Stole are satisfied with its workings. But to make it effective i men must be chosen who are^like the i Georgia commissioners, able, honest aid fearless or w e had better abolish the mak-s some slight changes, and the county hoard does likewise, atttl nobody except the tax dodger is satisfied. 1 know land in Edgefield which sell* readily for 125 to f io per acre, and it i# assessed at an average offs or less. I know other laud, aud It is very plenti ful, that sells at |0 and $8 per acre and is a*#e>sed at an average of f 1, and I know other land that is assessed for more than it w ill bring in the market. To supply the plaie of the County Commissioners and secure a fair equal ization of property, th# follow ing rem edy is suggested; Let the voters of each township elect from Its tree-holders a hoard of three supervisors who shall have charge of roads, bridges and the assessment of property in their respective townships. Let the pay of those supervisor#, if suy, b** just what the'people of that tow n ship are w illing to pav out of their own pocket* as voted in tow nship meeting, and if public spirit doe# not make men 4lo the work for nothing, the jteojde w ill pay w hat is necessary to have it done, and well done, unci no more. When the pmp- toeimAi nt short a time mm* depend on your dili gence and an absolute refusal to waste time on silly, wildcat wchemosand local and special legislation which aro the curse# of our thus. Hedging you my be»t effort* and hearty co-t>peratloo m your Arduous labor# and invoking th* guidance and blesMngw of the Father upon our labor*in txflralf of onr beloved #utc and it# people, I am now reaJy to call Heaven to witness and take tho oath of olSce. 1 . to ■f f |. Dr, J, H. E. MILHOUS, Dental Surgeon. ‘ Blackville, S. C. _ Will have regular appointments at follow#,: V - \ — At BarnwelLUVH frotn lst. Monday (or sales-day) iu each month to Wed nesday evening. Office at the I'attor- 4#n House. At Bally’s, B. A. <fc N. R. R., from 8d Monday in each month to Wednes day evening. Office at Trice’s Hotel. Will be gt tils home office at Blackville every Friday and .Saturday from l*t of February to 30th September inclusive, aud every Thursday, Friday aud Satur day, from 1st October to 3i#t January inclusive. / Will make appointment# with patient# to meet them at either of hi* offices at any time. Patient#-Will find It more comfortable to have their work done at the office, though if desired will call on them at their residence# anyw here within thirty mile# of Blackvllte. and paid out of his cotttingcnt 1 co,1,n,,,,! : I<>,,er! ! atu ^ ,na ^ e ttt pie? ThattbrywhaH have eqiial pro- 4 ~for one dollar, while a chlld’# primer teotion under thb law and a guarantee cost twenty-five cents, and all other - fltf fair treatment at oar hands ? l book# In proportion. Then we hod i* That the colored i>cople have griev- 1 our school histories Con federate •nces, it is idle to deny. That the | dters designitSil aa “rebels” and Bouth present the Citadel i# doing bettor work iu proportion to cost than the 'Univer sity. When, however, the latter shall be reorganized a# proposed, jtnd w hen the Clemson College shall furnish the military training and practical scien tific education which can now be ob tained only at the Military Academy, that school will have to #how cause for Its existejpoe a# a charity school for military training. ■ But whatever is done in that regard, there is imperative need for an indus trial school for girl* iu the State. Our system of education for women looks to training their mind* and giving them shall make a thorough examination of tiie inmates con lined there and return tp the counties from which they came, all pertofl* who can be safely *enr away. Time for the necessary preparation on the part of county authorities to care for them should be given, but the asylum should be purged as soon as possllilc. Another point in connection w ith the asyfUm is that under the existing law the governor has no connection with tin* asylum, except to appoint regent# and other .official# and employees, aud after this t# done, any in tor fere nee on his part in it# management can l»e con sidered intermeddling. As a matter of sound public poliey, the executive ought to be ex-officioa member of every boaid in rhe state having the expenditure of public money, and should have per sonal Supervision of it# work. * * #• * Next in magnitude and importance to the asylum of our public institutions, is the penitentiary. The number of con vict# in the latter is nearly the same a# tin? patient* in the former, and i am of opinion that the penitentiary ought at least to support the asylum. The re sult# obtained at the controlling railroad# at all.”) ;e$y. But reverse# of fortune, or bring the necessity of SSPl bread : winning; and .the fonder mother 1-1 left a widow, or daughtef left an or not neen satisfactory to the people, and tiie baneof 'it# management is politic*. The general assembly, when called on to fill positions of honor or profit, find# The question of equalizing taxes is one of the most important and perplex ing with which we have to deal, and while the law# are defective their ad- mi nistration i* equally at fault. I w iH- totich on the Tatter trouble first. Under the law, auditor* and treas urer# are appointed by the governor and their work is supervised bv the comptroller general. In addition we have county and stati boards of equali zation by whom the dork i# revised. The auditors appoint the member# of county board, and the chairmen of the respective county board# constitute the state board. Assessments are made, “under oath,” of property at its •“rt-al market value.” T his is the system and how has it worked? It is an absolute and pitiable failure and both the law and the people are to blame. And as the executive is the fountain bead, I propose to analyze it and point out some grave defect# #0 that I, may escape blame if nothing is done by the gen eral assembly. While the office# of treasurer and auditor are appointive, and are properly so, with our system of fnxtitntfAu have igovernment., the i>co|,le In iiio«t , the'™- ...n tof-theOTnntlerIntmrt thelTown areord, by primary election, selected men to be recommended for these positions, aud the governor, as a matter of course, is glad to be relieved of the responsibility. itself besieged by a class of men w bn are ? * , I au i r > ^ re ";; eu 01 ine r^PonslDlUty. huntfn*. wholmvej- 1 in «tlf.gov«rn.nentami In the nr mak. elalma nti In.livIHiial iit.inh.ru imnple „|p(;tin|t their on n nflureru, hut or make claim* on individual members for vote* as a rew ard for political 1uip- pnrt in the past, or promixe of such sup- ftort in the future. Offices requiring high order of busiuess taieut# are given to men whoT-au apeak well, or w ho have rendered political services, while they are wholly lackiug iu administiative nullity. This being the case, it is small self-government by counties, is and ha* alw ay* been a failure, and especially so in large counties. The same argument w hich ha* been used against the present management of the. asylum applies to the asHegsment of property by a county official, arid es pecially one elected by the people. The training their mind# and giving them acoomplishment# tor the adornment oT government-hosUtoH* and wonder that we #0 often find inisman- | ca , liert '^ carelbssoe#*, neg lect of duty and often cpllu*lon, as I have shown of tfie asylum, and a* 1 will incompetent men in high office*. Thi#, A ._ ir» vice that is fnherem in repubiieanj ahow of a#*cs#meitfo. 1 he duty of government, and in proportion a* ft# in-1 * *' “* ewor l " lh * 1 of * *Py» lluence is great or small iu * the look out for property which seeks and put price* 011 land, stock, etc., un der oath, and should any taxpayer neg lect to make return, let the supervisor# find out aud a* ess hi# property, re ceiving therefor |1 from each taxpayer who neglect# to meet the auditor. 1 Let Hie chairmen of the*e township boards of supervisor* constitute a coun ty board of finance to audit accounts, order expenditure#, and do all the du ties now performed *0 unsatisfactorily by the county commi-siouer*. When our county government# are controlled by men who are Ruccessful hindnes# men, w ho are the best of their cla*#, and the money in the office become* secon- darv to Hie honor and the public wel fare, we shall see the extravagance and waste, the speculation and peculation now going op in many counties brought to an end, arid taxe# reduced, while the affair# of the county w ill be conducted in a far more satisfactory w ay. In Hie matter of a<*CH*ments and equalizing taxes, this county board of finance could act a# an equalizing board to whom the auditor should report any thing he mav discover wrong on the pari oi tow nship t*>ards or individual*. The auditor should l»e altogether free from political influences, and lie ap- (Mdnted a# now, on the recommendation of the county board of finance rather than by the primary system. For, a# long a* he i* bunting votes, he cannot and will not discharge hi# duty fear- lessly. 4 If the law i* *trengthened, by making it a crime punishable with flue and imprisonment to fail to return all property, liable to taxation, everything will be dritte tbat 1* possible to make all property l>ear It# jti#t share of the bur den* of government. (The discussion of the phosphate | problem is elaborate, lie favor# an ac curate survey of the' phosphate territo ry and it* lease at auction to the high est bidder, raising the royalty to |2 a ton, double the pie#eiit charge. By that mean* he argue* that the income of the state w ill Ik? largely increased and it# credit suraag^pned #oAUat the re .will be no trouble iu refunding at a low' rate of Jute rest'Hie bond# falling due in 1*03 The itiaiijKura) coucbide* a* follow#:) Gentlemen of the senate and house of representative#: I mu#teWf»ologize for the time 1 have consumCdin discussing these important tuaUer# atul with a few' remark* a* to'the relation# w hich ought u» exist between the executive and the representative# of the people, I will close. During the recent campaign tiie lines were sharply drawn, and I was elected on a platform ’which nmong other thing* demand# “rigid economy in public expenditures, the abolition of useless offices, reduction df salary and fees of all office#, state ana cohlity, to conform to the increased purchasing power of money, and the decreased abil ity of the people to pay taxes, that pub lic office* be paid in proportion to their •labor and responaitdlity.” An over whelming majority of Imth your hon orable bodies were elected on the single litmie a*wbethei^ yotv e 1 tdorsed this plait or m and its exponent. We are here to redeem these pledges, and it is yours to make tiie laws, and mine to ex- eouto. The responsibility is squarely on u# and we cannot shirk it. There are soyte ininor matter* to which I will direct your attention in special me##a* ges from time to time. The observa- tions I have made and the recommen- dalions I have offered are for your con sideration. Your duty is not discharged miles# you silt, amend, alter fnd add to these suggestions anything which, in ymir judgment, will perfect them and subserve the object Which alone should actuate u# all, the public, welfare. I have given you tiie best light I have, but 1 am not infallible and have no pride of opinion. There i* a fearful responsibility rest ing on trie by reason of the reliance up on my leadership. But you cannot avoid the responsibility resting on your own shoulders, and you will do wrong to-caatA^irgle-vofo Against your judg ment, no matter whence come# the re commendation. In the matter of ap-. pointirients, i must rely almost wholly on your advice and suggestion where the people have left jus any choice. The most important appointive officer in each county is the jury commiasloner The pressures brought to bear on this officer by friends and attorney# of men indicted for murder is very strong and 'unlcM* he is incorruptible the jury gets “fixed” and justioe is cheated. The office of trial justice is one of large pow er and importance and no man who ever drinks to intoxication should hold it. Only three week* remain for the usual legislative session which*has been Hm-‘ Tied to Christmas by unwritten law. You have to deal w ith great importance, and whether you can Provisions for the People. THE COLORED FARMERS’ SO CIETY purpose* to open and keep on hand a (reuerai Stock of Groceries iu the Ludy Robinson store iu the town of mrfcvTir*. w^r^F^i )SSiwR vrrgninrarniRiro nm pirtmiTg of Or<K*erles. Our goods Hball be the very 4)eat and onr prices the very low- est. We solicit the patronage of all the public, promising them hone«t weighU, j 11st meaMtire# aud every thing low down, cheap for cash. MS 97IS, ms AIL. JACOB PEEPLES MAPS A OKU. sep IH-tf Horses aqd Mules. 1 UST Arrived a fine lot of Saddle and ilarnesa UOK.SRB, also a lot of nice farm and timber MULBH, Will keep a full stock of both iforato and M uTea on hand tlirodgh the winter ami spring mouths of 1HW) and ’Ml. MV See our stock aud get prices be fore purchasing elsewhere. Your# truly, P. J. ZEIOLEK A CO., Allendale, S. C. novll-tf afew warn. Having di*con tin tied the sale of Li quor* Since the New Year BEN DAVIES H AS been busy In selecting and col lecting a stock of GENKKAL MKK- UHAKDISE that will suit the people by its coriiideteness and please their pockets by the moderation of it# prices. The public genemHy and the ladies particularly are invited to call, ex amine good* and compare 'prices with tbo*e quoted elsewhere, _* AnjJ don’t you forget That yon may be happy yet. If you buy at BEN DAVIES Store, Where you’ll surely get more Good* for your money than at eRUbliah- incnt# that promise a heap and perform nothing worth talking about. feb 13- tf BEN DAVIES, Barnwell 0. II., S. C. B. A. MAKIBBEN, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. _ n.wtN a i;i.i, c. H., S. C- Will give prompt attention to all bas in e*# entrusted to hi* care. . april 4-89 . moijIyto lend. 8150 000. At 9)4 to P 61, cent. Interest,^ One to five years time, secured by farm mort- tage#. For further particulars apply to J. O. PATTERSON, Real Estate aud investing Agent, julyll-tf Barnwell, B-. C. Secoqd Seasoi). Smalley’s Sale Stables, \VIt«L.IMTON, W. C— lA»t winter and »p ing I sold large number# of the best uor#e»and mules to citizen# of Aiken, Barn wet) and Or angeburg, giving coinpfct* satisfacCitei to every customer. , * x 1 am back again, better prepared than evyr to give every bnyer the full value of his money, and resolved to run tho campaign of 1890 on the sama platform on which I won the fliat 4 ~ year’s race*. Before bhyi correspond with saddle and. will push »II from the word 1 truly. V ^ i to evada taxation altogether, or is being 1 Hiose duties properly in so •apta^X .V . WMm A