The Camden chronicle. (Camden, S.C.) 1888-1981, August 14, 1936, Page PAGE TWO, Image 2
The Plight Of The
Tenant Farmer
I-ake Jnnaluska, July 29,~Bringing
to the council of a Christian Bocle
Order, In session here, results ol
atudy and flrst-har/d observations
Congressman Joe Ktarnes, of Ala
bama, and Dr. Arthur Hapor, discuss
ed farin tenancy in the South fron;
the platform of Stuart auditorium ai
H o'clock Wednesday evening.
Bishop i'aul B, Kern, of Greens
Uoro, wni deliver the concluding plat
form message at 8 o'clock Thursday
and the Council will clone Its session
Friday following open forum discus
? slow on what the church can and
ought to do toward social remaking.
The Junalusku assembly Is rejoicing
In. another record-breaking crowd.
Outstanding leaders from the North
kS lyelJ Htf the South are here to attend
the CpjlllSlS on social action,
while approximately 2.00 experts In
religious education are registered at
the Western North Carolina school of
Christian education.
That farm tenancy has penalized
the Southern regions through low Incomes
and jtheir Inevitably resulting
low standards of living, was the oplnion
expressed by Dr. Kaper, outstanding
sociologist, who based his conclusions
upon a recent exhaustive study
of two plantation countlea tn (Jeorgta,
where he spent four or five years In
research.
Hpeaking on the "Plight of the Tenant
Farmer." Dr. Kaper pointed to a
constructive land policy as the hope
for the future. "Here he said, "is an
enormous undertaking, but it can succeed
where the plantation system has
failed if it enables the poorest farmers
build up the soil, to own livestock,
to raise vegetables and fruits
for their own tables, to cooperate
with their fellows in making their
purchases and in producing and marketing
crops. In short. If It enables
the landless farmers to attain ownership
and self-direction on an adequate
plane. Comfortable homes,
more doctors, better schools and
wholesome human relations can be
maintained only through such basic
economic advances. These are not
simple matters, and their accomplish
inent will require the Investment of
large sums of public money and an
administration personnel with scientific
training and a bold faith in the
common man."
The average pnnual family Income
of the typical tenant farmer, during
the last three years, according to Dr.
Kaper, has fallen below $225.
"It is distressing," continued Dr.
Kaper, "that farm tenancy has Increased
rapidly during the last half
century, until at present In the southern
states nearly half of the white
and more than four-fifths of the negro
farmers are in this class. Further
complication of the situation is the
fact that share cropping, lowest type
of farm tenancy, is becoming more
and prevalent. It is also significant
that there has been a marked in^cas?.
of white tenants, the actual
increase from 192030 being more than
200,000 families, with approximately
five persons to the family. This means
there were one million more Southern
white people at the end of the decade
than at the beginning.
"It has been shown that the big
plantations in the counties where I
have recently conducted research
study, include the most fertile soli,
while the poorer soil is the home of
the small resident owner-operator.
The fact that the rural dwellers on
the poorest land have withstood the
depression much better than those on
the most fertile land forcibly suggests
thnt the plantation economy.
With its few privileged owners and
many dependent workers, is Ill-suited
to the highest development of a region
s physical and human resources
When rich land does not support its
workers as well as poor land, the system
employed on the rich land Is In
need of modification.
"To improve the living conditions
of the rural people in these plantation
sections Involves not only an adaption
of Institutional programs hut an economic
reorganization which will increase
family incomes and foster the
independence and self direction of all
the people. The present relations of
man to land, of landlord to tenant, of
white man to hlack man largely accounts
for the crude agricultural practices.
the resulting low planes of living,
and the restricted outlook of the
plantation dwellers, particularly tho
landless."
Reports from Port Said, Egypt, pn
Wednesday, said that Has fmru, Ethiopian
commander In the northwest,
was reported advancing on the cities
of Dessye and Addis Ababa, with an
army of 40,000. A number of Italian
outposts are said to have been destroyed
by the advancing army.
Governor Chandler of Kentucky,
frankly told a delegation of protesting
women, who alleged political favoritism
in . social service appointments,
"It's unfortunate that wo ore in poll-Ilea,
hot it takes votes of people to
-?siWJm those jobs."
wmm * ...-j? A ... > . *
America Great
Factor For Peace
; Fort Bragg, N. C., August 6.?AmerI
ka an the area tent factor for peace in
f the world wan predicted by General
, Menu* McCloskey. commanding offl
car of Fort Bragg anrl the C. M. T. C.
- camp, in welcoming approximately
i seven hundred youtha from the two
t Carolina** to C. M. T. C. camp this
morning at the War Department The
ater.
The greatness of the Putted States
, in the cause of world peace, according
i to General McCloskey, arlaea
through her practice of the Golden
llule fairness, squareness and the
application of Christian principles of
honor and honeaty In dealing with
Other nations.
However,Mm speaker warned his
listeners that the reaper t in which
any country la held by other natlona
la measured by her Army and Navy)
the patriotism of her own aubjecta,
and her national wealth.
"You young men are n<^fed by the
nation far more than j6u realize,"
General McCloakey auid. "You are the
future cltlzena and leaderB of the
country. The ideala whieh you gain aa
young men, the germ of leadership
and patrlotlam which la Inculcated In
jfou now, the knowledge which you
train from your elders; all these
things serve to carry the nation on to
better and greater things. It haa truly
been t*aid tliat 'Knowledge Is power,'
for the knowledge of youth of any
country la a measure of the greatness
of that country when those youtha
reach maturity. You represent thoae
thing** that will aeud the country on
to her destiny."
"There , are people," General McCloakey
continued, "who say that a
nation doea not need an army or a
navy and that participation in a world
council can aettle all international
differences through the mediation of
arbitration."
I he fallacies of such a belief were
pointed out In the form of broken
treaties, particularly in the case of
naval limitation pacts and agreements
of the League of Nations. Violation
of the neutrality of Belgium
by the Central Powers at the beginning
of the World War was cited. More
recent were the examples of the Gran
Chaco dispute. .Japanese agression in
China, and the Italian punitive expedition
in Abyssinia. The speaker deplored
war for its horrors, declaring
that no military man with any knowledge
of past wars could do other than
stand for peace at all times. General
McCloskey declared that this country
should sot the example for the world
as a leader in peace but should clearly
Indicate that no Infringement upon
our rights as a free people would be
tolerated. He asked that his hearers
do all In their ability to keep the
Cnlted States truly a free and independent
nation .
General McCloskey was introduced
by Major R. A. Gordon, the camp
commander, who pointed out that the
( omm&nding General had a record of
service to his country in both war and
peace time that could well be envied
by anyone.
The oath of enrollment was administered
to the candidates by Lt. Mercer
Walter, camp adjutant. The oath
is as follows: "l do solemnly swear
that 1 will bear true faith and allegiance
to the United States of America
and while at this camp I will obey
those in authority and observe all the
rules and regulations of the camp to
the best of my ability. So help me
God."
The march to the theatre was the
first formation of the 1936 C M. T. C.
Regiment as a military unit. Favorable
comment was made by officers on
the appearance of the candidates.
I pon completion of the ceremony the
Regiment went into full swing of the
training schedule.
Warning To Farmers
Washington. July 31,.?Warning to
cotton producers against buying
"novelty" seed stocks in an effort to
grow bigger and better" crops came
today from the department of agricult
tire.
t B. Doyle of the bureau of plant
industry said producers often were
talked into buying "novelty" seed by
a "sauce" salesman in the highly com
petltive cotton seed business who is
boosting some particular "variety" onl>
to find in the fall they have bought
a "gold brick."
Killed By Lightning
Mt. Airy, N. C., Aug. 7.?Three men
were killed by lightning In a sudden
thunderstorm near here yesterday.
They had finished unloading a tmck
at a saw mill and were caught In the
storm before they could drive away.
The victims were Robert Welch, 30,
of Plnehall, and two negroes, Paul
Russell, 40, of 8umter, 8. C., and Henry
Davis, 23, of Plnehall.
Six other persona a few feet away
, were unhurt.
Smoke in the atmosphere coat Lonr
don $400,000,000 A lota of light and
bad effect on health la the last year.
* A,
' ' "
Spain's Civil War
Gets Bloodier
Ah more and more of Spain's streets
ran red with blood, conditions within
the country approached a state of
anarchy and complication!) with fof<'lgn
powers threatened to iuvqive the
republic in a European as well as a I
civil war. Madrid was the focal point
on which the southern and northern
forces concentrated, The latter under
the command1 of Gen. Kmllo Mola took
over flan Sebastian, site of the American
Hummer Embassy, for military
headquarters. Capture of the city was
effected by heavy street fighting and
machine gun fusllades from rebel
planes. Zaragoza, Hareelona, Valladolid
and scvei*! other towns In this
sector were taken over by the General
and his troops. In the south the
rebels were in possession of SovlUe,
Valencia, Cordoba and other cities
Following the abortive 'attempt to
seize Madrid the city settled down to
almost normal routine while the two
rebel forces prepared their march on
the capital. The northern line was
turned back in the Guardarrama
mountains where in several passes a
number of bloody frays took place.
Meanwhile in other quarters government
forces were not idle. Seville
was stormed, but stubbornly holding
on; Barcelona was seized and the
whole province of Catalonia pledged
to loyalty to the Madrid regime; Toledo
was bombed and surrendered;
San Sebastian recaptured; aeige was
laid to Zaragoza by government
troops and reinforcements to aid in
this work were rushed from Barcelona.
In other places loyal forces were
pushing the rebels relentlessly. On
the sea government warships and rebel
planes staged a battle during "a
bombardment of Cadiz which threatened
to precipitate a serious situation
when anti-craft shrapnel burst over
Glbralter and endangered British residents
and property.
In Morocco, birthplace of the revolt,
rebels were still In possession,
though loyal warships kept up^Veady
shelling of Melilla and Ceuta'. The
city of Raima, Mallorca, Balearic Islands,
was also the scene of a sustained
bombardment. And so the battle
went on from one end of Spain to
another.
Hanged on one side were the rebels
made up mostly of the army and navy
together with a few civilian conservatives
and on the other the Civil
Guards and the Leftist militia? unskilled
in military tactics but supp'ied
with a quantity of arms. It was a battle
of the trained against the untralned,
but with the advantage decidedly
on the side of the latter. It was a battle
of the Monarchist-tinged Fascists
and the hard-bitten Leftists. And
since Spain has no middle class, which
means the officer complement of the
army is composed solely of the upper
class, it was also a battle between the
aristocrats and the peasants?Just as
it was in France in the Revolution ?
Although there was considerable
feeling and distrust among the two
factions since the inception of the
present I^eft government In February
last, it never came out In the open
until the recent outbreak. Madrid
was. however, sufficiently anxious
about the situation to transfer the
officers to outlying posts. And ' an
unwise move it was, too, for there far
from the watching eye of the government.
the plot to ove'ytfiVow the constituted
authority wW allowed to
hatch and prosper. Now with thousands
dead and wounded arid widespread
property damage it is too late
to lap up the spilt milk It further remains
to be seen whether the government
is too iate to save Its own head.
Coincidental^-, with the progress of
the civil war went anxiety in Washington
over the fate ot the Several
hundred Americans there. Ambassador
( laude G. Bowers who was unable
t<> get in touch either with the 1'ntted
States or the Embassy in Madrid
from his summer residence at San Sebastian
for several days finally made
his way to St. Jean de Luz. France,
where he cabled word of his snfety'
As the rebels pressed once again on
San Sebastian the Ambassador ordered
the removal of the Americans
there and the Summer Embassy to
near-by Fuentarrabia. Meanwhile with
conditions growing hourly worse the
State HcpaftWni ordered two warships.
the Oklahoma find the new,y
commissioned Quincy/to Spanish waters
to aid in the evacuation of the
beleaguered Americans. -Hie former
j p to*ether with the cSast Guard
cutter Cayuga proceeded to northern
Spain while-the Quincy sailed for the
south. By far the greater number of
Americans were caught in Madrid. '
Ambassador Bowers himself made
use of the Cayuga by turning it into a
floating Embassy which could crulbe
up and down the north Spanish coaat
*t will and at the same time maintain
communication with America and the
consular posts under his Jurisdiction
in the interior. No American casualtie#
were reported. The number of
Spanish casualties on the other hand
was a different story. Unquestionably
it runs high up |? the thousand#. - -?
In** > nationally lh*- civil war took
on several aspects. Tbe first waa tbe
battle staged at the foot of tbe rock
of Oibralter when Insurgent plane*
flew over from Hpsnisb Morocco and
began bombing two government warships.
Tbe latter replied* with antiaircraft
artillery and two of the shells
landed on British territory. The British
at once warned rebel and loyal
forces any more attacks on Gibraltar
would brin^ about retadliation in the
form of gunfire. Other nations at thin
time were becoming anxious over their
naUonalH and ***?t warship*. Britain's
were there first, then followed
French, American, Italian and Ge&
roan ships. The presence of all these
foreign vessels within a comparatively
small space makes for a dangerous
situation. Further, tbe Issue Is complicated
by tbe differing wishes of tbe
home governments. Italy and Germany,
naturally, are rooting for the
Fascist rebels. France wants to avoid
the establishment of a Soviet regime
on that peninsula and Britain has no
choice in the matter so long as she is
permitted free access to the Mediterranean.?The
Pathfinder.
Talkies Ten Years Old
Hollywood ?Hollywood celebrated
Friday as the 10th anniversary of th.e
"birth" of talkies, but to technicians
| and historians it was just another
date in the iong story of the merger
of sight and sound, it was 10 yea re
ago that a New York theatre audience
heard Will Hayes say a few
words in a picture.
I Now is the time I
I to buy a farm^ I
I | H
II I HAVE SOME FOR SALE AT- A BARGAIN, AND
SMALL' RATE OF INTEREST. A GOOD WAY TO
I INVEST YOUR BONUS. I
I See me at Hotel Camden any Tuesday
I H. G. BATES, Sr. I
Overseas Railway
Soon To Be Junked
M.4 ..
Jacksonville. Fla., Aug. 10.?The
way was cleared today for abandonthe
prld^ of Florida, which linked Key
ment of the overseas railway, once
West with the mainland until smashed
by the 1935 Labor Day hurricane.
The United States district judge,
Louie W. Strum, announced he immediately
would sign an order granting
a plea of receivers of the Florida
East Coast railway for permission
to accept a cash offer for the right of
way.
The order will permit the receivers
to accept a cash offer of $640,000 from
the overseas and toil bridge district,Monroe
county, the state highway department
and t^e city of Key West.
The purchasers plan to use the right
of way for construction of an overseas
highway for vehicular traffic.
Federal aid will be used to provide
the new link, between the mainland
and Key West, the nations
southernmost poist.
In agreeing to sign the order, Judge
Strum indicated the purchasers would
be required to pax 1935-1986 taxes on
the right of way.
. Petition for the power to dispose
of the railway right of way was tiled
after surveys by engineers had revealed
It had been "damaged irreparably"
by the hurricane of last
Labor day.
FIRST GRADE QUALITY?The new Firestone
Standard Tire is built of first grade materials by
skilled workmen, in the world's most efficient
factories*
GUM-DIPPED CORD BODY ? Every cotton fibre in
every cord in every ply is soaked in liquid rubber,
preventing internal friction and heat, which
provides greater strength and blowout protection.
TWO EXTRA LAYERS OF GUM-DIPPED CORDS UNDER THE TREAD ? This
patented Firestone feature cushions road shocks, protects against
punctures and givea longee life. ?
LONGER NON-SKID MILEAGE ? The non-skid tread is wider, flatter,
% with more and tougher rubber on the road, giving longer wear
and thousands of extra miles*
LOW PRICES ? Volume production makes these low prices possible.
THE FIRESTONE NAME AND GUARANTEE ? Every Firestone Standard
Tire bears the Firestone name, your guarantee of greater utfety,
dependability and economy.
J63*)
\ MM1 J
Tirtstoit*
STANDARD
set | hkt
4J?80 R7-4S
4JO-21 7.f?
4.75-19..... felO
5XJ0-19 S.OO
5w25-17 9.4S
5.25-18...., *75
5*50-17 I0.70
5^0-19 11.20
8.00-17 H.D. 14*)t
6.00-20 H.D. ts*ss
8^0-19 H.D.I *7.45 \
FOR TRUCKS AND BUSES
FIRST MADE MATERIALS AND EXPERT
WORKMANSHIP?The Firestone Standard
Truck Tire give* long non-skid mil caste
?blowout protection?dependable
service. . .
QUM-DIPPED CORD DODV? Gum>
Dipping prevent* internal friction and
heat, giving extra strength and blowout
protection.
TWO EXTRA LAYERS OF MM-DIPPED
CORDS ORDER THE TREAD ? Prevent*
tread separation. Specially compounded
rubber in two outer plies from bead to
bead rivets sldewall* securely to cord
body preventing ply separation.
TWIN READS WITH CORD REINFORCE ?
Twin beads give tire firm seat on rim.
The beads are tied into the cord body
by the special Firestone method of
cord reinforce, making the tire one unit
of greater strength.
FIRESTONE NAME AND OOARANTEI ?
Assures greater safety, dependability
and economy.
?ire*ton?
STANDARD
K* tfcuaa ANb tilfei ~
SIZE PRICE
630-20.... .... *ai.*s
7.00-20 lf.lO ^
730-20 M.XO
30*5 ...| *1?3*
1 ttfcw tot NptWlMl U?
firtstott* |
SENTINEL I
An ouataodiog' value in it* I
price cUm?becked by the j
Firestone name end I
sua ran tee. i
vgjjj
" as mar
*7*-l9 . ttZ
5UXVI9 OS
POK nvas AMI Mi
6UXVZO H. D.I9I4.M
gffll
yi ret tone
CO Uft lilt rr
A good Hrc for Ukl^ll of
mill con shrfag now tin
nfcty at low com.
mrrn fj?q
iJMl ?jM I
4.75-1? Mil
W^Cl.., 4J?f
w-gwWMHUiHTWiimSn^I
V ?1 ln*t. -f*-l
I"Sags>^;:-'j
Us ten to iHrVokc of Firestone?featuring Margaret SpoakM, Soprtmo, wtth tho Firea*mm Cfcwrf
Symphony, and Will Urn Daly's OnhKwi iiiijf Monday w^liMrN.B.C.N?lli?"<l?
*** ' H*n ' ' * . * _
The following Firestone Dealers are prepared to serve you:
City Filling Station?Tel. 70
Rd Sty Sanxt StarinTel 125
Marin SmA't Some* SW*