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Horse Holds Own in Value To Farmers The value of tin* horses and mules on American farms is greater than that of all cattle anil calves, and three times as groat an the values of all hogs and sheep combined, on January ,1, 1935, according to the figures recently released hy the bureau of agricultural economics, fulled States Department of Agriculture. I ho estimated mini bur of horses and horse colts on farms January 1, 1935 was 11,827,000 head. There was h decrease of 130,000 head or about 1 per cent for a year earlier. This Is the smallest decrease in one year since numbers began theJr decline about twenty years ago. There was a marked increaae In the numbqr of colts raised in 1934 over those raised in the preceding year. The estlmuted number or horse colts fouled in 1934, still in existence on Junuury 1, 1935, was 092,000 head, 27 per cent largest number since 1022. The value per head of all horses and colts on January 1, 1935, was $70.18 compared ^ith $793,155,000 a year earlier. The estimated number of mules and iolts on farms January 1, 1935, was 4,795,000, decrease of .130,000 head or ubout 3 per cent from a year earlier. There wits some increase in the number of inule colts raised In 1934, over 1933, but -this Increase was much less marked than in the case of horse colts. The value per head of mules and mule colts on January 1, 1935, . was $98.21 compared with $81.54 a _ year earlier. This was the highest value'per head since Junuury 1, 1921. The total value of all mules on January 1, 1935, was $470,900,000 compared with $401,596,000 a year ago. These figures Indicate the great importance of the horse and mule Industry In the United States and emphasize the need of exhaustive study of ways and means of increasing the efficiency or our animal power units represented by horses and mules; for horse and mules are atiimaL power units, produced on products of thej farm and maintained on farm products. They are used principally for power purposes in tilling the s^il, planting and harvesting the crops, drawing loads and for riding purposes, although the. mares, and stallions and jacks also do work In reproduction. While tiic decrease on farms since January 1. 1920. has been less than 9,oon,uoo there has been a decrease' of more tlftn 1.000,000 horses and mules used In non-agricultural work.] The total decrease in horses and mules from the peak in 1920 has therefore been more than 10,000,000 head. In as much as it requires an average of four acres per head to produce and maintuin horses and mules, the decrease of more than 10,000.000 means that over 40 million acres, which formerly produced or maintained animal power, Is now producing surplus food products or sur, plus raw material for clothing. Th?> 27 per cent Increase In horse colts foaled in 1934. over 1933, is an indication that farmers are awake to the situation, still more colts will he foaled in 1935. but nt least three years more will elapse before the birth rate will equal the death rate, and an increase in total horse and mules begin. Prices on both horses and mules therefore may be expected to advance gradually, until 1910. Hail, Rain. Wind; Crops Injured Serious damage to tobacco, cotton, corn and other crops was done Mondaw afternoon in Turbeville district b\ a hail, wind and terrific rainstorm. torn was torn to shreds, cotton stripped and torn, some crops left . flat on the ground and some at nn angle of forty-five degrees, with the flqlds filled with water. There were lakes of water around homes.,.barns and filling stations. ' A big porch on a nice residence on the Manning road about four miles out of Turbeville. was torn from the house by the wind. Trees were broken down and trucks and cars had to half until tlio fury of the hall.' wind and rain abated. A Herald reporter was the first to pass over the dirt road from Lake City to Turbeville. being in part of the heavy downpour and wind and saw two ears stalled and also a truck that had been stalled by the Ignition system being drowned out. Just inside the Sumter county line on the road between here and Manning. a porch roof was torn loose on a two-story home, a smokehouse tin roof curled up and an apple, tree -?Xjvlsted off at the ground. --3ftetoba<^o fields wore dotted with big leaves lorn ofi by the' hail and wind. , ... Probably one-third of the tobacco in the storm territory was a loss. And some of the prettiest tobacco in thle section of the state was right in the atom's path.?Sumter Herald. Highway Bonds To Be Marketed Columbia, July Preparations wore 111a<i?' today to sell $1,500,000 in state highway bonds about July 22 under the recently enacted and tested highway law, State Treasurer JO. |\ Miller said !?< awaited only an opinion from Attorney General John M. Dunlel on whether the lilghway com mission's request for the sale wan in order before proceed' Jug. The legislature vested the authority to issue tho bonds "solely" in tho treusurer upon notice from the highway commission that its finances warranted floating the issues. Tho present issue will be used to match federal aid in paying for a now road construction program. It will mature from 1940 through 1949 ut the rate of $150,000 a year, Miller said he looked for a fairly low rating of interest to he fixed by the bidding. Sumter Man Is Freed Of Charge Sumter, July 11.?A jury late today acquitted Ben T. Barwick, a lumberman, on a charge of mbrdering Mayor ( lvde Geddings, of Plnewood, five years ago. The Jury deliberated 35 minutes. Despite . a warning from Judge P. ' H. Stoll, the crowded court room began a demonstration and hud to be | silenced by officers. A jirqwd of friends gathered about the 44-year-old defendant to extend j congratulations. Mayor Geddings was shot to death the night of April 15, 1931, while he sat on the front porch of his home. General News Notes Italy will make a strong effort to build its foreign trade up again, and will send special commissioners to leading commercial nations with that end in view. Prime Minister Mackenzie King of the Dominion of Canada, will go to Quebec to meet President Roosevelt, when the latter visits Ivord Tweedsmuld, the governor general of Canada, on July 31. Kperesentntive William l.emke of North Dakota, Union party presidential candidate, will next week argue a case involving the second FTazierLemko farm mortgage moratorium net before the federal supreme court. James H. Mauder, Rending, Pa., twice vice presidential candidate on the Socialist ticket has quit the party with a denunciation of what he terms the party leadership's trend toward communism. Redwood City, Cal., lias a mystery .death to unravel. The body of Junius Cravens, movie art director, was found Saturday at the foot of an ocean beach cliff. The sheriff says it looks like murder. Members of the Automobile Manufacturers association, New York, in a preliminary announcement, say that more cars were built this past June than in any previous June in the history of the association. Thomas Meighan, famous screen actor, died yesterday at his home on Long Island, after an illness of some weeks duration. His wife was with him at the end. Why a Chimney^Sweati A sweating chimney Is caused In most cases l?y lack of sufficient draft to carry out the heated gases quickly. If they remain In the chimney they condense, resulting in a sweat that runs down the pipe of the chimney. Lengthening the chimney will usually give more draft or It may bo necessary to make an opening at the bottom that may be opened and closed as needed to admit enough air to provide sufficient draft. Why Umbrella ! "Gamp" In his novel. "Martin Chuzzlewit," Charles Dickens gave us the character of "Sarah Gamp." a disreputable monthly nurse of the type now fortunately extinct. This woman was famous for her bulky umbrella ; and from this "gamp" was tlrst used to denote a clumsily rolled umbrella. Now. however. It is often used of quite presentable articles.?Answers Magazine. Why Glata Magnifies Magnification depends on the bend lug of light in passing from one medi nm to another, in the magnifying glass the eye is placed near the lens and the rays from a small object arc so bent by it that they appear to he spread apart and. to come from a much larger object. Why "Boycott" la So Callod Boycott Is a species of organized ostracism. It was first formulated by I'amell. the Irish political lender, at ICnnls on September 10, 1880,'and derived its name from Captain Boycott, an Irish land agent, against whom a "boycott" was successfully employed. Why Whit. Feather It Uud The white feather la the slgty of the cross-bred bird, therefore, the expreosIon, "to show tho white feethfec" has come to mean lack of pluck botongtag to good blood. ^ . ddotihfutuj Joumbm Big Task for a Camaroun Hairdrasaar. Freparnd by the National Geographic Society WaahtnKton, D. C\?WNU Jiervlca FOUMBAN, mandate of Cnme roun, Africa, ' In astonishing. The xJty stands upon a hill and is surrounded by an elaborate system of ancient trench fortifications dating from the years of the Fuluh raiders. The trees, which have been planted along every street, give It a wooded effect wholly absent among the neighboring grass meudows. One has an immediate Impression of order, prosperity, civilization. Many of the houses of Foumhan are of sun-dried brick and are roofed with native tiles or grass thatch. The compound fences are neatly constructed. The market, made of brick and tile, is modern In type and perfectly clean. At the center of the town Is an Imposing three-story structure set In the midst of elaborate gardens. It Is the palace of NJoya, sultan of the Bamoum and overlord of Foumhan. Everything?order, bricks, and.garden ?Is Indigenous. Foumban existed when the white man was no more than a myth. Even now outside influences have touched it only slightly. The sultan and the majority of Ids people are Mohammedans. In accordance with the curious rule that people of the African deserts and prairies reudily adopted Mohammedanism, and that the people of the African forests almost invariably did not, the Rauioum scarcely recall a time when the!r life was not strongly influenced by the Arabic belief. In the center of the town, facing the sultan's palace, is the mosque, a frame building of strongly Moorish type, even to the vertical stripes of red and white paint. Here, every Friday, the elite of the Bamouin gather. Subchiefs Are a Proud Lot. The many n'gi, or subchiefs, of the tribe, some of whom exert far more real power than the sultan himself, come in from their districts, bringing with them a string of dependents. They make a striking picture. Nearly all aristocrats of the Cnmeroun plateau ride horseback and dress In immense flowing robes covered with bright embroidery. Some swathe their heads in whito or blue turbans; others wear the, characteristic floppy straw hat of the Fulah cattle herders. All have aD air of faintly contemptuous majesty. They, the rulers, they fondly think, are the pure-blood conquerors from the North, and therefore the superiors of the Indigenous peoples with whom they have merged. As a matter of fact, little trace of the Arab strain remains, certainly so far south as Foumban. The Bamoum, except for unusual stature and the occasional appearance of an isolated straight-featured type, are distinctly .uOgrqJd, The n'gi, when they come to town, are followed, according to their rank, by greater or less entourages. Several male members of his family usually accompany the n'gi, also mounted. The horses are richly caparisoned in red and green leather. The men carry elaborate spears, with shafts of hardwood and tlp,s of silver or native bronze. Behind conies an Inconspicuous rabble of wives, usually well-laden with produce for sale at the week-end market, and several depressed-looking hurras, not quite ns heavily laden as the women. While the ceremony at the mosque Is in session the women anil burros sit respectfully about outside. When the men come out, Foumban stirs with unaccustomed activity, an activity which continues untirThc country people stray away home late the following day. Markets Are Picturesque. All sorts of produce are spread out in the market. There are leather boots, scabbards, and decorated harness; sujw?rb pieces of Bamoum embroidery; rolls of homespun cotton cloth; carved wooden household articles of every description. Hardly less picturesque Is the food market. First of all, there are thousands of ears of tine Indian corn. It grows everywhere on* the plateau. More special delicacies range nil the way from roasted termites' eggs to crocodile steaks, things of considerably less Interest to a white traveler. More than a thousand |>eoplc attend the market. The sounds, sights, and smells of vigorous native trading give an impression oi thriving, continuing African life such ns one scarcely senses among the less developed forest types, particularly among the dreary, halfinvalid creatnres of the Jnngle of southern Cameroon. The favorable climate, the mixture of type*, and, above all, the remoteneae of tba ?orI r ' _ e_ . ?" Wii ruptlve Influences of white civilization clearly show their effect. By Sunday morning the peasants have for the most part gone away, their produce sold or favorably exchanged. The aristocrats, however, remain. At the sllghest provocation they will arrange a parade, a sham war, anything to vary the monotony of Isolated tribal life. Even the presence of white strangers, for whom the rules of the pluteuu have greut tolerntlon but very scant respect, will serve for an excuse. One Sunday noon recently a traveler learned that word went forth that a "play" had been arranged. The* eight whites then In Foumban, only three of whom resided there permanently, sat with Sultan NJoya in chairs at one end of the town square. The riders, musicians, singers, standard-hearers, and buffoons tnude ready at the other. The "play," running true to the type of innumerable similar displays that take place in the larger towns of the high prairie, began with an orderly procession of all the unmounted men. Drums, fifes, horns of many kinds, and stringed Instruments came in the first rank, playing warlike refrains. Before them danced, somersaulted, and grimaced several clowns, royal Jesters attached to the sultan's court in much the same position held by the court Jesters of medieval Europe. Standardbearers and a rabble of singers brought up the rear. The end of the square reached, the marchers formed irregular lines at either side, and, spears und standards, lifted,- shouted greeting to the horsemen who followed. Charge of the Horsemen. The square of Foumban is narrow and a little more than 200 yards lonfc. It was midafternoon of a golden tropical summer. The vividly green (Tees that skirted the plaza and the bright red earth peculiar to the Foumban district made a perfect setting. The horsemen numbered more than 100, and each was gowned in flowing robes embroidered in every imaginable bright color. All carried either spears or long flintlock rifles lifted menacingly above their heads. There was a great shout, and from the distance the spurred horses bore down upon the spectators at full gallop. The dust, the flashing spears, the wild cries, and the blazing colors made a thrilling sight. In another instant the small, helpless group of whites were cold with terror, for the charge neither turned nor abated. There was no time to move. When less than 6 feet away, each man shouted, stood up In his stirrups," and reined in. Every horse rose up on its hind legs, forefeet kicking, pirouetted, and the line swept away at the right angle. The cruel Hausa bit, an iron circle that rings the horse's tongue and holds in its upper side a sharp prong that gouges the animal's flesh when the rein is pulled, had proved its effectiveness. Later in the afternoon, the "play" took the form of a series of weird traditional dances performed In masks. These masks, a fine collection of which may be seen in the private museum of Sultan NJoya, are of copper or wood or a combination of the two materials. Many, though deliberately grotesque, show rare sculptural ability. Some are enormous, some ridiculously small; others have the shape of animals' heads?horses, baboons, crocodiles, etc. Sultan and HI# Museum. One of the most unusual things in Foumban Is the museum of Sultan NJoya. But NJoya, a magnificent, 6foot, black chieftain, with the smile of a nice baby, is an unusual man. He is himself, for one tiling, the Inventor of one of the only two written alphabets known to have been produced In negro Africa a phonetic alphabet which apparently lias nothing In common with any other on the earth The museum occupies a long room at the top of the palace. It contains a collection of carving, bronze*, spears, beadwork. brass Jewelry, embroideries, and textiles for which the curator of . ?ny ethnological museum would give an arm. *" . NJoya nas gathered the things be cause he admires them and because he takes pride In every tradition of his peopie. in other words, civilisation hat not penetrated with its teaching that all things.not manufactured In Europe are therefore contemptible. It must be added that the French ^iiimiih^ resident at Foumban, 14 Quer, devoted ly and charmingly upholds NJoya in by point of view. Fortune In Gold Is Buried In Iron Box i ipton, la.?One hundred aod twelve thousand dollars In gold coin, gold and itflver certificates, and se' curltlcs wuh discovered on tho Iwers farm near hero, it was announced re<ently, and relutivcB of three uged bachelor farm owners, now dead, plan a Hccond organized treasure hunt next week. Hurled In an old machine Bhed In ujj J run box, tlifi liii'Lune. was discovered lust week by Dou^s Voss, administrator of the Henry Iwers estate, who searched with court officials and relatives. Several thousand jdollars In securities were found hidden In the house where the old bachelors lived. It was learned that another Iron box containing $88,000 In securities reported to belong to the John Iwers estate had been uncovered previously, and the contents were taken to a Davenport hank. I he estate of tho three brothers Is valued at $350,000. Authorities believe that more money may be found hidden on the farm. It has been rumored for many years that there was "a lot of money" bur-< led on the 880-acre farm of the Iwer brothers, but no indication of the size of the fortune was shown until inheritance tax figures were made public a few years ago. William Iwers died June 19, 1933, leaving all of his property to his two brothers. February 1, 1935, John died leaving his property to Henry. Before the estate could be closed, Henry died on May 30, 1936. Under the terms of his will, ail the property is left to Louis and Margaret Voss of Snnbury, cousins. Voss and his wife were summoned into district court by Judge H. C. Ring June 20 for questioning. We don't know how much it is worth," Voss said. "We think there is a lot of money there, but we haven't really looked yet." The search by court officials and relatives of the Iwers followed. The fortune has been moved to a bank for safekeeping, and guards have been placed on the farm to prevent unauthorized treasure seekers from digging. Attorneys for other Iwers relatives j Indicated they would file act'ion to break the terms of the will. - A GRAVE JOKE (Yorkville Miscellany, 1851) Many good stories are told of old Rthan Allen, of Revolutionary mommy. The following is not a bad one: i He was one evening at a party where his well known' courage was the theme of conversation. ^He fears nothing," said' one. And I would wager any amount that he would not hesitate to go Into the church yard across the way and bring a skull from one of the tombs there," said another. The wager* was agreed upon and one of the party suddenly left the apartment, as Allen entered It. The absent bon vivant procured a sheet, whitened his face, and repaired to | one of the vdults in question, with a ; view of frightening the old veteran should he have the temerity to further the wishes of the company. Allen was made acquainted with the nature of the wager, and without a moments hesitation, said he would ["ring the required skull and lay tt upon the table. He went to the vault and laid his hand upon one, when his concealed I acquaintance cried out in a sepulchral tone. "That's mine!" Very well," replied he and picked up another, when the same voice repeated? "That's mine too!" That can't be true," returned the Imperturbable hero, "for no man can [have two skulls." Upon this he quickly left the vault with the memento mori In his hand: his friend following in hot haste, half frightened out of his senses. Allen, however, soonest reached the room where he had left his companions and placing the skull upon the table, exclaimed: There, gentlemen, there you have t; but look at it quickly, for the fellow is close behind me that owns it." The man in the sheet immediately came In, and the laugh was universal against him. . _ .. Body Found in River MoBee. July s.-The body of Wilaon Warr was found on Friday afternoon ?t 3:30 o clock In I.ynch's river by , so"' 'Tame? Warr, and his soninlaw, Alex Harper. Mr. Warr left his home, about throe miles from McBee, a week before. He was not well. Membere of the family searched for him until Friday, v thJhMT15' Wa" ,ound ,6? W?? (rem onrie.f? I PPo??es Lynches river on United States highway L Barked 'rrrwa* **??? ?>?t n had n ,n th? water several days. . MM?* ?rea, certI 3,339, were gathered recently Into national forest areas. ? <^f Robert Moody Ig I Held For Murder I I Colle Robert Moody is b.lu for munlor uflor a l.oH1|?K Jf ' Coroner'. jury ?ummone,| , ' ">? II ok lor to InvootlKUlo lh? I Wilbur,, Taylor, thirty.#,,,. ^,h ? employee of tbo Hpn?Ka Who .llod Saturday mornl#, to tho Lam-aster hospitui after I ing been hit over (he head with ? !; ; hroom handle yielded b> \.,Lt W Chief Motherahed capture! <h,> tnrt.r-? Saturday two mlle? below KerslZ \ and brought him to Lancaster, wher! ^ he waa lodged in the county jaii k! Im HUton Dlat'km0n and po,lc? off^r : The tragedy took place between ^ 6:30 and 7 o'clock Saturday n.ominK in Brooklyn. According to witness* who testified at the inquest, Taylor I was sitting with another man on th running board of Dewey Small'* car I talking to several men on the side. IJ walk when Moody walked up behind I < him and gave him a terrific jjCk with a broom handle, over the loft aide I of the head. Mr. Hunter, u barber I was standing in the door of hie ehop I ' and saw the. blow; other witnesses H heard it and saw Moody discard the I I broom handle and walk away. Taylor I I who was not at first thought to be I ' fatally injured, asked who had hit him and insisted on returning to hla<B house for a gun. He was pursuaded 1 ! from this purpose and driven home In the car of Dewey Sihall. When it be B came apparent that he was in a critical condition he waa rushed to the local hospital, but died en route. I Witnesses said that they had no I indication' that Moody intended to I I strike Taylor. They knew of no trou- I ble between the two and were at a B loss to account for the murder. They I stated that although there had been B' a little drinking in the crowd there I I was no drunkenness. Under question- I \ ing from Coroner Hegler they recall- I ed that iry the car earlier in the morn- I ing the two men had cursed each dth- fl er rather mildly, the altercation aria- B ing when Taylor told Moody to move fl his knees away from the throttle and I the latter retorted that where his I j knees were was no business of Tay- I lor's. The witnesses, and apparently I Taylor himself, promptly forgot the I J exchange of words. Among those testifying at the in- I quest were Dewey Small, L. C. Christ- I mas, J. F. Miller, Mr. McManue and I j Mr. Hunter. I Moody is from Lancaster. Taylor, I j the son of W. R. Taylor, recently 'fl moved here from Easley. He is sur-.'^fl vived by his widow and two children.-1 ?Lancaster News. | j SCIENCE NIBBLE8 j An electric gas-filled tube, emitting B| germ-destroying ultra-violet rays and B which is said to. greatly Increase the.fl i length of time food products will keep I by destroying bacteria causing Bpoil- I | age, was recently demonstrated in I New York. J The National Geographic Society; B ha? announced that an aerial expedl- ? tion will map and photograph Mt. B McKinley, Alaska, the highest peak in I j North America. The mountain's sum- I mit is 20,300 feet above sea level. ; Dr. Walter R. Mills, of Yale medl- B cal school, recently testified before a I Washington, D. C., court that man I j reaches his peak of physical efficiency I t j at 22 and then declines i j One billion germs can be produced I j from a single organism in the labors- I i tory in one day, It was brought out ? at the recent Chicago meeting of the I National Association of Insecticide I j and Disinfectant Manufacturers. | J After conducting experiments on I j tiny pigg which have digestive sye- I j tems very similar to those of small I | babies, scientists at the University of IJ Vermont claim cow's milk in its nor I j mal form is a more efficient baby food I } than the same milk in a number of prepared forms.?Pathfinder. ! j Dr. Jamison To Sail j j Greenwood, July 2.-~-Dr. A. T. Jam! son, head of Connie Maxwell Orphan- I j age here, will sail from New Tot* I j Friday for London as a delegate from Hj the United States to the InternaUo* fl ; ftl Conference of Social Workers. ! j * " ! 'j Rioting Nationalists and police!? I Paris on Monday resulted in injun* S to almost 100 persons.