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New Era Here With Job Insurance Four 1s one of the most powerful J motive* influencing human action. It Ih hufe to say that fear* ?named and | unnamed' are today the moat ueri> ouh menace to the future welfare of the race. We huve everything else but confidence. Everybody 1* afraid of something -or afraid of nothing ( and 1t ts Jnat a* bad to be afraid of j nothing as to t)P afraid of aometUiug. j The rich are afraid they are going to have to share their wealth with the f poor ?and It lodka if thin fear will he realised. The farmera are ufraid that their preseut run of good luck is too good to last. The worker** who are lucky enough to have jobs are in fear of lotting them. The millions who huve no Jobs but who ure managing to subsist on doles of various kinds art* In fear tiiat their source of supply will In* shut off. The great "middle class" who in the past have . been the bulwark of society?the hardworking, home-owning, saving, fore-' handed class?ure in fear that they will lose their homes and that the ' savings which they have counted on to assure them a modest living till > the end of their days will be reduced j to the vanishing point at a moment's ! notice. ' j It is largely to allay these and siml-j lar fears that the New Deal leglsla- I tors have adopted the multitude of j social security and other reform ineas-j ures which we huve seen put In opera- j tion in tiie last three years. January 1 1, 1936, marks the beginning of several of the most important and farreaching of these sociul reform Iuwh? notably the "security" luw setting up a system of job, wage, health uud relief insurance on a permanent baHis. CHtles of the United Htates have long complained because this country "lagged behind" the European countries in adopting such drastic social re-j forms. Hut from now on, the other! countries will have a hard time keep-1 ing up with the United States, for in a series of bounds wo have leaped far ahead of them. They can now be i denounced as "reactionaries," "old ' dealers," "lories," "mossbacks," "Ne-' audcrthal men" or what have you.! Americans can now thumb their noses ' ai those Old World denouncers of democracy and can hiss buck at them: ' "Now. watch our smoke!" The basic diflerenre between those countries and the United Stales is that those countries have alwuys been poor. They have never had any "surpluses" ol any kind?either surpluses of prodnets or Surpluses of wealth --to weigh them down and sadden them. Hence, even when they did adopt very progressive und revolutionary laws aimed at dividing up the wealth or tho good things, these laws were a dead letter for the reason that there was so little wealth and so few good thingH to divide. In this country, as we have said, the situation is entirely different Here we have a super abundniice of wraith, accumulated by three centuries of work?added to the richest stores of natural resources possessed ht any nation. The American domesIk market Is the plumpest plum in the world of trade. Even what we call our poorest people still have what those Old World people would consider fortunes. So when we speak of redistributing the wealth and the fat jobs and other good tilings in this couutry. we are talking about something that reall\ exists in a big way. In fact, we have plenty and to spare? and the onl\ question is how to do tiie actual, physical dividing up or redistributing. The numerous "liberal." "progres Hive" and "socialistic" laws which have been adopted in the? past have all helped in this work ?but in the main they have been,, disappointing. The income tax law, for instance, was hulled us the magic wand which was to tax the "haves" and use the money for the benefit of the "have-nots." But it doesn't produce enough to even oil the social machinery, lot alone pay for It. Other and far more fundamental means will have to be adopted if the transfer of a substantial share of the nation's wealth to those who! need it most is to be accomplished. Taxes on gifts, bequests and huge for t titles sound good but they are so stowacting that it would be foolish to count on them for much relief. A good many people are still looking back at the national income in tho boom period back in 1929?and ure figuring their share on flint basis. The national income now is far below what it was in (lie boom times. This is admitted -but the; national jncome lias made h big Hlucu tixe New Deal went Into effect In March, 1983, | und if everybody would only go ahead ttud would produce an much uh they | were producing in thoae times, the total would not only equal 1939 but It could go far above the level. Ho It Ih a fact that there la no ahortage Of national income und no lack of the wealth to be divided up. What !h lacking la the quickarting reme* die* which will thaw out the "fro/en UHHet*," draw upon the "*oclul credit' and force tlu? mouuy to actually circulate, Apparently,, the tremendouh effort* which have *o fur beeu made to bring about thi* much needed condition huve not met with the Huccea* expected. The government blame* bu*lne*a, and btiHineH* blame* the government, Ho there you are. The government ha* tried It* be?t to get production and wage* buck to normal by uettlng an example In "upending" but the private lntere*t* have not followed thl* exumplo uud In fact huve leaned back and *at Idle while waiting for the government to *pend more und more. The figures allow, however, that even if the government wpent all It could get hold of. It could Btiii not reach-the goal Met- for the grand total of what the government could do Jm still only a small fraction of wbut private Industry und buslneHs Is ulwuys doing. It Is this Htute of things which ha* set the green "do" light* und opened the wuy for the Townaend old age pension plan giving $200 a month to everyone 00 yours of age or older--and ulso such other plan* as the payment of the two billion dollar bonus 'to the soldier*. The new federal "social security'!- and old-age pension law which went into effect January 1 luys a tax on all pay rolls,.lor the benefit of the unemployed. However, It will not apply to farm labor, domestic service, religious, charitable, educational or other non-profit projects nor to the office-holder, federal, state of local. In a general way It will benefit about 25,000,000 workers, since it will provide payments to them when they are unable to secure Jobs. The tax on employers sturted Junuury 1. with one per cent on all pay rolls. This money will be paid into a central fund, and It Is from a general fund accumulated in tlits wuy tlint benefit payments are eventually to be made. Hut no benefits will start until the nvstem gets well to going and there is money to pay out, which will not be before 1942. The tax on employers starts With this January, at one per cent of the pay rolls, and it will be gradually Increased until It reaches three per cent after 1937. Some experts figure that the total tax on pay rolls will be upwards or six per cent when both the unemployment and old-age annuities and all social reliof and benefit plans get into full operation. The New York Times, speaking on "Social Security Cost." quotes estimates of statisticians who have boon busy with their pencils ever since this reform was first proposed, and who have not done figuring yet. The fund will be about two billions by 1937. it is believed?five billions by 1949 and 50 billions by 1980, after which, it is stated, "the totals become so fantastic* as to appear, from our present standpoint, mere statistical abstractions. Some of the pussyfoots are already beginning to worry what the officeholders will do with such a vast amount or money, and the Times article says: "Large reserves are always in danger of being usuyped by politicians for other purposes, as experience with other funds amply testifies. The freezing of so much sorely needed purchasing power cannot but hamper recovery." However, the millions of people who are expecting to benefit from these various forms of relief are not wasting any time worrying about what the ofTicial Job holders a generation or two from now will do with the money or with the "sorely needed purchasing power" of the people. 1 he security law also provides for a complicated system of pensions for retired workers, and those who are unable to work. Under this part of the plan the employers and the employed workers are to contribute In equal parts to the fund. Hut the work I era do not have to start contributing Until 19,i i . * naudi WOrkoFa do iiot have to contribute at all. When the regular workers reaches the age of. (>.? he will be entitled to a monthly payment of from $10 to $85. dependi lug on the number of years he has I made contributions to the fund after | 1936 and his total wages during that I period. Most of the states have pro| gressive relief and benefit laws of BOIIMJ sort but there Ik iltuie uniformity In these law*. The federal government Ik now at work with tb? state authorities ironing out the differenced, sine? tb? hiw require?.that each mate inuHt "match" the federal grunt by coutributiuK an equal amount. About que fourth of (lie social Mecurity ?li? glbioH are already receiving beneiltK from the MtatuH. The federal beuetliH will alao be extended to the blind, to cripples, to mother*, to needy children and other*. The detail* of the hew systqjrju Of course Will require | ttme *9 work outt specially u tbil whole Idea is something new to the United Htate* and there are very few person* who have training and experience in collecting and handling ?uch fund*. While the federal government for the present limit* it* social benefit payments to $16 a month for each person, the states can, if they choose, chip in a larger amount, thua "fattening the kitty," as some people call It. All those rather vugue promiucs of possible benefit* ut some time in the future Hoem to huve only whetted the appetite* of the populace?a* the recent Hpeclal congressional election in Michigan hIiowh. Vomer W. Main, a Republican, whh elected by a vote of over two to one over the New Deal nominee?the clean-cut issue being the Townsend old-age pension plan. The vote in this Michigan district very closely follows the various "straw votes" which huve been conducted. This Is taken to indicate that the Townsend plan will go through with a rush as soon as Congress can be brought to face the issue. As the Pathfinder lias already explained, the Townsend plan is the inspiration of Dr. Francis W. Townsend, a California doctor whose pity had been excited by seeing the great number of old people who are helpless and without any means of support. He thought of the Idea of giving each and every one or these old people $200 a month in spending money. And when he said "spending" he meant spending?not hoarding or inventing In stock or city lots. The mainspring of the Townsend plan in short Is the requirement that each person receiving this casli must spend It within the same month. And if the person had a job, lie would have to give up that Job if lie wanted to share in the spending money. The first effect of tills plan would be that upwards of 4,000,000 elderly people who are now working would retire. This would help in two ways. It would give these superannuated workers a chance to enjoy u little of the leisure and rest and recreation which seems to be the main occupation of the younger generation at present. And they would have plenty to spend. At the same time it would give the younger people a chance to get jobs and get paid for their work?instead of being a drag on society, as they are now. The purchasing power generated by giving each of the old folks $200 every month to spend?and making them spend it?would soon absorb all the surpluses and would take up the big gap of nearly 40 billion dollars in the national income which now exists, according to our chart. ~~ All thiH, it is declared, would not only solve all our money troubles at one stroke, keep the factories and sales forces going at full speed and wipe out the bills for relief but at the same time would put an end to most of the crime and vice and drinking and carousing. The Townsend leaders estimate the present cost of charity as three billions of dollars a month and the cost of crime at hnlf that much, so that 54 billions a year could easily be so-ved on Just these two items alone. And this alone is more than the dreaded "gap" in the national income. The pensions are to be paid out of a "revolving fund," which is to be speeded up just enough to provide tor all the money that will be needed. Since all the money would have to be spent and put back in circulation within the month, there could be no hoarding and some of the "frozen" funds which seem to vex our great leaders so much at present. The prtntnlg presses in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing at Washington are now all oiled up and ready to run 24 hours u day in the effort to provide enough money to meet all purposes. The new biiis are juHt beginning to emerge at the "delivery end"of the presses, and what we have seen of them look mighty good. They are not old fashioned promises to pay in gold, silver, tin, nickel, copper, lead, iron or any other metals but are plain everyday "legal tender" money, with both sides of the United States seal on it. for the first time. This new money of course was not intended to he used for the Townsend old age pension payments or the soldiers' bonus' but is for any and all purposes. The _ I nw nsend plan --till has to receive^ the blessing of Congress before it can go in to-effect?ami we know how slow Congress sometimes is. So it will bo wiso for those who expect to benefit by these pensions not to start - spending their money until they get it.?The Pathfinder. Thomas Calvin, 70, capitalist and former mayor of Memphis. Tenn . who began his business life as a telegraph i operator, died Monday. I J. c. cox Sanitary Plumbing and Heating TELEPHONE 433-J Estimates Furnished on Short Notice ELECTROL OIL BURNERS WMMMMMMM????????mmtJ . Nobody's Business Written for The Chronicle by'Geo MoGee, Copyright, 1928. READ MIKE'S NEW YEAR'S RESOLUTIONS' doer mr; eddltor:-? yore corry spondent, inr. mike Clark, rfd, has made the followuring ressolutlons for the new year of 1986, and he will begin observing the eame on januwary the 4, to witt: ? 1?reaolvod, that i will newer ex-, my nabora. associate^ friend^ and feller-citizens to think verry much of me. 2?resolved, that i will make verry few promises, but will carry out them that 1 do make. 3?resolved, that 1 won't expert the other feller to give anny more of the road than 1 give. ? 4?resolved, that 1 won't buy aunyihing on cred dick that i won't pay for when It is due to be paid for. 5?resolved, that i won't tote or repeat scandal even If 1 find out that It Ih the truth ubout a person who mought do better If he or she has a chance. ' t 6?resolved, that i will give John doe the right to believe as he pleases about religion, polllticks, and signs of an ill-omen nature, the moon, furrinstance. i 7?resolved, that i won't ask for anny more sugar in my cofTee than the other feller has in his?and certainly not more than i am entitled to. 8?resolved, that i will do the best i can betwixt green and red lights, and that i won't cut corners, or leave my row unhoed otherwise. 9?resolved, that i will realize that i have done no more than a good citizon should do after i have done my hole duty as a m^n. yores trulie, mike Clark, rfd, corry spondent. MIKE VOCIFERATES ON THE AUTOMOBILE SLAUGHTER deer mr. eddltor:'? a great manny of my add-miring friends have rote and foamed to me asking me to give my views on the large number of deaths and injuries that are caused now-a-days by otter-1 mobeels, and say, in my opinion, what is the cause of everthing, and i will do so. the followering is a list of the rail and direct reasons for the groat increase in hurts and hommicides from the gassolene vehickle, vizzly:? 1?good roads. 2?good roads. 3?good roads. 4?good roads. 5?speed. 6?speed. 7?plain ftols. 8?simple fools. 9??&** ??cc:-:) * ( fools. 11?hugging at 60 m. p. h. 12?trying to hug at 40 m. p. h. 13?one drink. 'T 14?two drinks. 1 16?three drinks. 16?boneheads. 17?punkin-heads. 18?guessing. 19?not thinking. 20?showing off. 21?passing the other fool. 22?looking at the speedommetor. 23?lighting cigarettes. 24?shaking ashes off. 26?dodging a bug. 26?letting wlfy see things. 27?blowouts. 28?smart aleckness. 29?pulling for yore rights. 30?talking to back-seaters. 31?listenning instld of looking. 32?making curves at 75 m. p. h. 33?not dimming his lights. 34?making bumpers kiss. 35?iddy otic stunting. 36?extry good brakes, (i thought). 31?no brakes a-tall. 38 ^desire to Bee the pearly gates. 1 39?goods roads. 40?good roads, yores trulie, mike Clark, rfd, corry spondent. Deiayea Funeral Held - Marlon, S. C., Dec.-31.?H. L. Jackson, colored undertaker of this city, seems to hold the record for delayed funorals. On December 23. 1934, Jackson embalmed the body of ono Mary Baker, negro woman, and her husband, Jim Baker, said he would get the money to p'ay the funeral expenses. Jackson said he waited on the man, who went around to the business men of the city and begged enough to pay tor the funeral, hut instead of paying the undertaker, he himself some clothes. i So Jackson still waited. Near Christmas this year, Jackson became tired of the body so he decided to bury it, after keeping it out for one year and throe days. The funeral was held December 26. A seat on the New York Stock Exchange was sold Monday for $146,000, a $10,000 increase since the last previous sale on December 23. _*= WEEKLY BULLETIN IHTT S.C.Game cJish Association HI8T0RY AND MYTHOLOGY OF FISH ?? (By Chas. K. Jack too) When man first fished, no one fcoows. He did not ihre long In this' world before he was afTllcted with the pangs of hunger and with the coming' of those pangs, was born the Instinct} to hunt and flsh. Pictorial records dating back 2,000 years before Christ! are In existence showing flsh and flsh-' Ing. ^ * "Which came first as un Implement for catching flsh?the net, spear, or j line?" All three of these have their' proponents with possibly the spear | ranking first and the line last. You might agree with those f who insist! the spear was first, because man could ! euBily sharpen a stick, but how could ' he make a line or especially a net? i As you go into the subject you will j discover that even today the natives of New Guinea use nets which are' objingingly woven by spiders. The | natives simply bend u long bamboo! pole Into a loop about six feet in diameter, places It where a certain spec ies of spider is weaving webs, and leaves it to the industrious spider to fill in the bamboo loop with a web which is water resistant and will lift flsh weighing as much as a pound out of the water. Such ancient writers as Homer, Herodotus, Plato, Aristotle, Theocritus, the two Plinys, and Plutarch, all ,dwelt upon the subject of Ashing, and even Cicero managed to inject some of his sarcastic remarks. The Bomans in particular had a wealth of literature on Ashing. They reared them; imported them; and built lavish tanks to keep them in. They even went so far as to bedeck them with Jewels and to forget that the primary } reason for their existence and main- j tenance was a ready supply of fresh fish in a hot climate. Imagine if you will, a situation developing to where an historian records: "HortenBius so looks after his mullet as to forget his men, a sick slave has less chance of | getting a druught of cold water in a ! fever than these favored flsh of being i kept cool In their stews in mid-summer." Both the Romans ana the Greeks allowed flsh to enter their medical practices, and certain fishes, or the various parts of their anatomies, we^e ad-' vocated as cures for certain ailments. J Inasmuch as flsh caused the rise and fall of seacoast cities common depicting flsh or fishing were quite common. Little wonder, then with fishing of' such ancient and honorable origin that we find today fish occupying an honored place on the festive board of many people. Thousands of carp are fattened annually and shipped alive In tank cars to New York to furnish the Polish and Jewish people their holiday season meal. On the 4th of July, no right thinking New Englander should be without his boiled ealmon and green peas, and nearly 500,000 pounds of eels are Imported annually at Christmas time to gladden the festive tables of the Italians. The Greeks I in Tarpon Springs, Florida, celebrate | one of their holidays with octopus cooked in olive oil. Oriental settlements on our West Coast insist on having red snappers for the proper celebration of some of their holidays. And in foreign lands, we find luteflsh as the important dish of the Scandinavians at New Years, while salted salmon is considered a most acceptable New Year's gift by the Japanese. Just when angling entered the field of fishing for the sport side only Is not known but, it, too, is of very ancient origin. For many centuries in certain sections of the world the octopus has been used by the natives to catch flsh. The octopus is securely tied on a string, and lowered Into the water over the flsh. As Mr. Octopus detests the sensation of being suspended, the moment he touches anything, be it flshstone< or bottom, he grapples it with all his might. Having seized a flsh, the native merely retrieves the octopus and relieves fiftn of his catch. The Chinese have a method of taking flsh by using a bird?the cormorant to make the catch. One fisherman may have as many as 20 or 30 of these birds fishing at a time. The cormorants fly out over the water diving down to seize their prey, and , .1 I -I..J then return with It to their master*. No mutter bow many dshermen ace Asblug, each bird returns unerringly to his owner. A ring around the bird's neck keeps it from appropriating the catch for itself. Iu Anile patience and these birds were properly trained. Throughout all this past history of ? fishing, man had little cause to pay attention to the conditions ofHhe supply of Ash. Nature was always most genehOus. It was not until the last centuries that man commenced to question as to probably depletion; and in reality, the real alarm has come in the last half century. In keeping up with Increasing demands made by progressively expanding populations, Nature Is being taxed to the limit, and beyond, to maintain the supply. In the rqalm of sport Ashing, man's inventive genius has raised more havoc than It has In the commercial Asherles. Our lakes and streams are not as boundless as is the ocean, consequently the effects of Intensive Ashing are more easily noticed. Methods of Ashing are Improved yearly, automobiles have entered the picture to whisk the Asherman miles where before he only went yards, roadB have been built to speed that auto on its way,# and more important still, man lias acquired the leisure time In which to purse his favorite sport. The development of aircraft, outboard motors, and the automobile has been so rapid that within the last 10 or 15 years, millions of acres of water areas that had been natural refuges for Ash for centuries, have been opened up for the pleasure of the sportsmen. All the combined efforts and funds of the Federal and State Governments are insufficient to even In a small( degree compensate for his rapid encroachment on the natural haven of Ash and acquatics. In another way, the life of the Ash __ has been made more precarious through man's efforts. He has so changed the streams and lakes in his industrial and agricultural rush, that no self respecting Ash of 100 years ago would consider them At places in which to live. Today if a Ash cau get over the dams or through the turbine wheels, or does not go astray -* ipto an Irrigation ditch; If he can hold his nose long enough to pass the opj enihg of some offensive sewer, if no one dumps a load of sawdust on him, if he can live without oxygen; if he is not burled In a mud bank during a torrential rain; and if he can And just a little food that has managed to survive also, then he may possibly give some sportsman a few minutes of pleasure, and grace some table. The Bureau of Fisheries looks at It from the sportsman's standpoint and propagates AbK to aid nature. Then the Bureau looks at it from the Ashes' standpoint and is Aghting to make the Ashes' home what it should be," the home that nature provided. The two standpoints may seem far apart but In reality they are the same. Both mean "Better Fishing" for food and sport. Ford Announces New Finance Plan Detroit, Jan. 3.?The Ford Motor Company announced today a |25 a month deferred payment plan. The plan reduces the interest rate on unpaid balances and provides broader insurance coverage for purchasers, ofAcials said. Dr. Kirby Page, religious writer, told 5,000 young Methodists in Memphis, Tenn., that as Christians they cannot go to war. "Christians," he said, "are obliged to follow God rather than man and to say to our government that we are unable to sactlon or to participate in war." * drayage] a *?*"> . j niiu STORAGE F. R. CURETON Telephone 233-J FIRE?AUTOMOBILE?BURGLARY?BONDS I fc I a* ? DeKALB INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE CO ft) o "INSURANCE HEADQUARTERS" 111 H CROCKER BUILDING?TBLKPHONET ~T Hi 5 M. G. MULLER ELIZABETH CLARKE, Mffti Si * 1H ALL?FORMS ?OF?INSURANCE | g J|