The Camden chronicle. (Camden, S.C.) 1888-1981, January 19, 1934, Page PAGE SEVEN, Image 7
road roller used
by mayas is found
? ^
Five-Ton Cylinder Employed
in Surfacing Work.
Wnshlngton.?Hecent discovery In
(ho Junglo covered region of northeastern
Yucatan, 40 utiles out of Cuba,
of a Segment of aolld stone 13 feel j
long, 2U.f*et 1,1 diameter and weigh J
lag about 3 tons, nicely fashioned In j
to cylindrical form, draws attention
once again to the fact thut the an !
clent occupants of an area long unln
habited were skilled In the building
of rained roads of paved stone.
It seeing probable, that this ^reat
stoue cylinder was designed to ' be
used in packing down -into solid mass
successive courses of material, particularly
surfacing material, as these
were addod In the process of road constructlon.
presumably gangs of laborers ou
the road, possibly slaves working under
threat of the lash, possibly captives
taken In comhut, pushed such
cylinders about as the work proceeded
and in so doing anticipated by cuany
centuries the advent of the steam or
gasoline-driven metal roller, so essential
to the roadiuaklng of today.
/ Network of Roads.
Coba, a Maya city of consequence
during pre-Columbian days, as shown
! by abundant areheologlcal evidence,
but now long abandoned, lies About 05
miles eust of soutlf of Chlchen lt$a,
the headquarters of the archeologlcal
1 field staff of Carnegie institution of
Washington.
Study of Coba and the region thereabouts
has revealed the fact that it
is at the center of a network of raised,
constructed roads which run off norths
1 .east, south and west and connect various
groups of ruins Ibcated about the
, chain of small, fresh-Wflffer lakes that
Is such a distinguishing feature of the
district.'
One great road which takes to the
westward from Coba had been thought
to end at the ruins of Yaxuna, about
12 miles southwest of Chlnchen Itza,
but no one had ever traced Its course
from end to end. %
For many years, Dr. Sylvanus G,
Morloy, In charge of the Carnegie In-.,
stitutlon field staff, has hoped for opportunity
to determine the facts about
this the greatest of all the causeways
running out of Coba. / Finally, this
year seemed propitious and he set
about organizing an expedition.
I To head the expedition; he chose
! Alfonso Villa,-' a young schoolmaster
\ of the Yucatecau race.
It was while cutting his way
| through the thick bush, 22 miles out
of Qaxuna, that Villa came upon the
stone-roller.1
I Road Walls Built.
In construction of tljelr roads, the
ancient engineers,, began by digging
down to hardpan, which is near the
j Surface, and erecting retaining walls
on each side to the height to which
they desired to bflhg the road.' .
Tfcese walls . 'were built of large,
roughly fac$t! limestone set lb mortar.
Into the space between the walls a
layer of heavy Moulders, some 6f thefti
! two or three feet In length and weigh*
.* lng many hundreds of pounds, were
carefully laid and the spaces between
chinked with smaller stones, fitted and
hammered Into position.
Other courses followed, each of snocMsively
smaller bonlders and stones;
quite as carefully placed, until the
road had been brought to requisite
height, whereupon a layer of rock
broken Into much" finer pieces was
added. After this was hammered or
rolled Into a hard, level surface, a
final coating of mortar cement was
applied.
This cement was made of Ume mixed
with finely sifted white earth, called
tsscab, which, originally, trader the
tropical sun, must have given the
roads a dazzling appearance, quite as
dazzling, perhaps, as the great "white
~ ways" of our own cities. - Pharmacologist
Finds
Drug That Will Reduce I
a I'nlo Alto, Calif.?A drug which will
make persons thin without the neces Ity
of exercise has been found by research
pharmacologists In the Stanford
medical laboratories here.
It operates by producing a high j
- fever in the patient, thereby consum- j
inp energy and tissue beyond the nor^mnl
rate.A
preliminary report on this new j
^ drug has been published In the Journal
of the American Medical Assocla;
tif,n by Dr. 'w. O. Cutting and M. L.
Thayer.
Small doses administered dally have
reduced the weight of fat persons two
pounds a week over a period of sev4
rral months without diet changes or
Iunnormnl exercise.
Canadians Are Strong
for Yankee "Hot Dog?"
-Montreal.?Canada's Importa of "hot
l?K" skins are not to be "barked" at.
Recording to the dominion bureau of
tstlstlcs, the dominion Imported fOd,?
worth of "welner,*? wrapiSers from
be United States dtfMng June of this
eftt, an Increase of-$54,868 over Juije.
? During the twelve months enftK
June the total was $421,000, cornered
with $375,000 In the prevloos
welve months.
- ' - - - Arlidu
Hu Big Rose Bttah
Tombstone, Ariz.?The world's larg*t
rose bush (a growing Hn the patio
f hotel here, residents claim. It ta
,pgs enough that tables for thlrty-flfk
s may be praced Under It
% L;Ay-Sifa'jr#c& ' {' --
... . ... >
Jcjp^n Is Ljourvg |
?
Baseball Is Popular In 4apan.
Prepared by National Oeographlo Society.
Washington, P. p.-r-WNU SorvW
WHEN occidental man first
thinks about the Ear East*
China and Japan are envls"*
aged as being much alike?
.Indeed, almost as twins. But time enables
him to discriminate.
Historically, China is old and ethical.
The burden of all her literature
is.^What ought Mo do?" Japan Is
young aud esthetic. The burden of
her thought, as recorded for a thousand
years, Is, "What Is beautiful?"
Geologically, China Is pre-anclent;
Japan is recent. Long after Mother
Earth had settled down to rear her
earlier brood of lands, Japan, the
^youngster, arrived. Only about threescore
years ago Japifa shocked* her
elders In Asia by departing politically
and socially from the ancient ways
and turning toward those of "the western
barbarians."
In nature, also, Japan, has changed'
within our remembrance; Bandal
sab, \ne of the eruptions on her pretty
iac^fnisbehaved. For hundreds of
yeatte, so far as known In human records,
perhaps during the; millenniums
of unrecorded time, it had been entirely
dormant As suddenly as the
discharge of a cannon, It blew off Its
rocky cap in 1888 and killed more than
400 human beings. Curiously
enough, In Japanese the-same sound,
san, serves to the ear foe either
"mister" or for "mountain."
- The one-time medieval village, Yedo,
and the swift-growing national capital,
Tokyo, which It became, was leveled
in 1855 and again In 1923 by destructive
earth adjustments. Of old,
the rest of the world knew not of
these earthquakes. In the era of electric
wires, even a tremor Is news.
Like some vast factory town In
which the blazing furnaces take a
Sabbath rest, to begin again on Monday,
Japan has some 200 dormant volcanoes.
How pretty, flower-covered !
and of graceful figure, they seem! |
Yet these mountain forms are liable
at any moment to become unruly, and
when In* these fits of deadly temper
they often devastate vast areas of
human habitation and alter many
square miles of landscape, as we saw
lp 1923. At least 50 of these sleeping,
farlyllke cones have the promise and
potency of continued activity.
Lovely as their outltnes often are,
their breath may be sulphurous to the
point of danger. Even graceful Fuji,
seemingly as demure as a virgin In her
teens, cannot be trusted.
Lfea on atitd of
Garments of green forests, of^grand
trees, the veils of bamboo thickets, a
tapestry o^Howers, or even a mantle
of winter snow provide no Insurance
against direful outburst. But, If Japan
~ acts often like a fury, we must excuse
her, because the bed on which
she lies is one of fire.
Go down .to Beppu, in Kyushu, for
example, where the dally rice is
cooked by subterranean heaO, where
people resort to bake out or broil out
their various aliments. In the hot
seashore sand, thousands of men and
women for hours, even days, lie covered
with the pulverized volcanic debris.
By wet baking or parboiling,
even to scarification, the patients seek
to expel their many Ills.
- Beppu is a delightful place for a
patient with rheumatic or other miseries.
While there Is a fair chance of
being swallowed up and changed to
a cinder by some fresh outburst of
melted rock, such as only a century
or two ago filled the valleys with scoria
and lava, who cares, when no one
can foretell the hour? Does not the
uian of* Beppu know that other parts
of fair Japan may be visited long before
his turn comes?
Did not Sakurajlraa at Kagoshlma,
of old supposed to be solid rock, erupt
and btiry if Whole lowfi~of 10,000 people?
Moreover, how welcftme the sequel
to these earth's outbursts?fertile soli
'covered with a carpet of lovely flowers
and plants and easily coaxed into
luxuriant production of food for man!
"Shlgatir ga nni" (Don't care) . Is
the usual verdict on the urtknown. with
the merry-hearted sons and daughters
hmv fnlr are the latter!--of Nippon.*
One who had Renown Hie sons of the
I.aod of the Gods for more than half
a century classifies the two kinds of
men into "Don't cares'' and those
who. after every repuls* of nature,
ccy "l<et us rebuild.;" Then, Caleb-like,
these hearten others by declaring,
."We are well aide to do it."
Like nature's dress, which later
clothes in threefold loveliness, with
color, beauty, and perfume, what waa
? v -1 -
once fiery scoria, the maidens know
how to add to their physical charms
though the witchery of raiment In
his Ideas of beauty, and especially of
dress patterns nnd whatever is implied
to bodily wear, the Japanese 'artistdesigner
excels. For variety and originality
he possibly leads the world.
Men and women in their garb lovingly
copy nature's luqpds. When a
maiden adds to her fiiuUkw>slyv'gruceful
costume n "Fujiyama neck and
shoulders," .with a superb coiffure,
who can do less than admire? Was It
lackadaisical In the native poet to
write of her: "One glance, aad you
would give your province; another,
and you would barter your kingdom?"
Love Their Land's Beauty.
Yet, as of glamor for their women,
as expressed In strains of admiration,
so also and moire have their poets
written of the beautiful scenery and
the special features of their native
land. They reckon even clouds, mist,
sunrise glow, and sunset glory nq part
of their country's life and adornment.
Yet It is not they, but we, who say
"her" of nature, for personilicatlon Is
rare In Japanese literature, art, or
language. Of a thousand figures of
speech ip poetry, many of which rof
fer to the moon, scarce a dozen bear
any resemblance to the description of
that luminary as "a fair maiden with
white fire laden." ..
Nevertheless, apart from literature,
In Japan all nature Is alive with personality.
The mountains, especially In
the beauty spots, are inhabited by
gods and goddesses. '
To the average native, these personalities
In the realm of imagination
seem as real as the virgin priestesses
at the Shinto shrines.
Every year, at the Invitation, and
under the direction of the Imperial
court, thousands of the short, 31-syllable
poems are sent, for oblivion or
glory, by the people, from beggar boy
to noble, to the court's staff of literary
appraisers and censors. After duo
scrutiny and appraisement, rewards
are meted out, not to rhymesters, for
there are none, but to the poets.
But let us come down to facts and
figures of area and population and
of facilities^ movement by land and
sea. - ' %<>
Travel today in the'Japanese empire
Is one of luxury and detailed convenience
as compared with What existed
60 years ago. Japan proper Is now
threaded with 15,413 miles of railways
and trolleys, rlverp are crossed
by countless bridges, and the ocean
paths to aH continents are traversed
by ships ttiat move with an affluence
and punctuality that are akin to the
movements of the heavenly bodies.
Intellectual preparation for change
had been In progress a .century or
more before the arrival of President
Fillmore's peaceful armada of 1853.
Japan's modern history is truly as
much one of Interior discipline as of
any reinforcement from the outside.
On the other hand, America's intervention
under Perry was really an extension
and fresh application of the
lionroe Doctrine., It came at an opportune
time. The old mikado, or emperor,
Komel, was nearing his demise,
and his son and heir, Mutsuhito,
was destined to rule the New Japan
in the longest relgn (1807-1012) known
in the nntlon's history, was soon to
take the throne.
During his reign the compromise
between the personalities and energies
representing war and peace resulted
In shattering forever the Chinese
claim of sovereignty over the Ityukyu
(Nansei) islands and Korea and rolled
back the tide of Russians and European
aggression.'
Honshu the Chief Island.
The present-day empire consists of
the four large islands of Japan proper,
with nearly .4,000 smaller ones;
Taiwan - (Formosa); Knrafuto, ~ the ;
portion of Sakhalin below the fiftieth
parallel of north latitude; and Korea.
The country's Itfe centers on Main
Island. Honshu, the chief theater of
Its history. Here is the hulk of the
population; and here are the chief
cities; towns and villages are thickly
clustered. Hence. In the minds of foreigners,
this lafge Island, with its 86,800
square mllea of area, Is practically
Japan. v
To risk a further computation, one
fancies that 80 per cent of all visitors
to Japan "do" Honshu only. Nevertheless,
Kyushu, with busy Nagnsakl
on Its southw#t tip, being the historic
home of the Dutch who, for nearly
three centuries kept the world Informed
concerning the hermit nation,
Is far from unknown to the world at
larg*W
WHY
Color-Blindness Afflicts So
Many People
All color* been by human being"
aro mixtures of the three prlmuny
colors, red. yellow and blue, uinl
cob ?r blind bean la the failure to respond
to one or more of these color
stimuli, puluts out an educational booklot
of the Hotter Vision institute. which
Is lined by teachers In uiany sections
of the United States In eyesight conser-vgTlbn
Tnstruetlon. Color-blindness oc- j
cure in three principal forms, the
moat common being the Inability to
distinguish between red and green.
A rarer form Is that In which all colors
are confused, and a still rarer form,
confuses bluo with yellow,.
The old test for color-blindness was
a simple cue, and consisted In requiring
the person being tested to match
colors lu an assortment of variously
colored yarns. A more modern method
Involves the use of cards on which
a number Is printed In green or yellow
against a background of the color
commonly confused with It. A colorblind
person either cannot rend It at
all, or reads another number which
Is ingeniously outlined on the card,
Testa show that approximately 8
per cent of white people aro colorblind,
but .thnt only 8 per cent of
negroes are so hundicupped, and less
than 2 per cent of Indians. * Since the
colors commonly used for danger signals
are red and green, it is very
Important for railroads and other organizations
to ascertain If their emr
ployet'S gnu distinguish between these
two colors. Teh states require tests
color vision before granting automobile
driving licenses. Under present-day
coiuplet traffic conditions,
with our lives depending upon accurate
mental and muscular co-ordination,
keen, clear, accurate vision
ahd accurate color perception are esJ
sentlal to every one. ?
I* ??????????
Why Wo Have It Colder
in Winter Than Summer
Why Is winter colder than summer?
Many people erroneously think the,
reason it is colder In winter than in
sumtper Is that the sun is farther from
the earth during the wihter. But the
sun is actually farthest from the earth
in summer and closest in winter.
Our four seasons, spring, summer,
fall and winter, are caused by the inclination
of the earth's axis while the
earth moves around the sun. They
are produced mainly by ' the relative
positions of the earth's axis in respect
to the sun. The main reason for
the difference In temperature between
winter and summer is the angle at
which the rays of the' sun strike the
earth.
While the sun is farther away In
summer It Is more directly overhead
and we get the full force of the direct
rays. This coupled with the longer
duration of daylight In sumiher makes
It warmer. In winter, although the
sun is closer to the earth. It Is lower
in the sky and the rays strike the
earth at a much greater slant than in
summer. It Is winter In the Northern
hemisphere because it is tilted away
from the sun, while the Southern
hemisphere Is tilted toward Old Sol
and enjoying summer breezes.?Path-*
I finder Magazine.
[ i ,
Why Sun and Dial Disagree
A .true, or sidereal day, Is the ei*'
let period oT time It takes the earth
to make one complete revolution on
\ .Its akls. This period Is 24 hours, 8
minutes, 56.5054 seconds, and only
clocks and chronometers regulated to
sidereal time will point to noon when
the sun ie exaetly over the meridian.
' ' For convenience the day has been
arbitrarily set. at exactly 24 hours,
and therefore local mean time and sidereal
time are the same on March
21 only. Standard time zones are also
set arbitrarily, find since true-'noon Is
the time when the sun Is directly
overhead, noon really comes one minute
later for every nautical mile
(6.080.27 feet) west of the standard
meridian. Therefore It can be sdfen
thnt your sun dial will correspond
with standard time only one day each'
year.?Pathfinder Magazine.
i Why Crusades Were Undertaken
Tho Crusades was the term applied
" to tho military expeditions to the Holy
Land to Insure freedom of worship to
Christloxis at the holy places and later,
after the Christians had been persecuted,
to wrest the sovereignty of
the 'Holy Land from Mohammedan
rule. The first effort was made about
000. but a Crusade was not actually
organized until 1006. There were seven
mnjor Crusades and the oj<vement
lasted Intermittent for 100 yekfs.
Why Eagles Face Different Way
The coat of arms of the United
States has the eagle facing to dexter,
thnt Is, to the observer's left. By act
of congress of June 20, 1872, the design
which Is tised on the flag of the
President of the United States Is the
same design as that used on the Pres
IdentV seal. Apparently this seal,
which came Into existence during the
administration of President Hayes,
was executed with the eagle facing to
sinister: >
Why It Is "Black V.ight" /
The term black light Is applied to
the Infra-red rays, which were alsoTor
merly known as "dark chemical rays."
The fact that there are radiations out
side the visible spectrum was demon
strated as early*as 1800. The Infrared
rays are those which occor beyond
the red ^nd of the spectrum. They
! are of longer wave length and Invisible.;^
Recently Infra-red rays were use<i
la making photographs at night.
'
Cotton Contracts
Being Signed
Tho Cotton Acreage Reduction
Campaign is meeting with Splendid
cooperation and unusual enthusiasm
in Kershaw County. The time for
taking these contracts expires January
31, therefore, it is urgent that
all farmers intending to make contracts
do -so at once. This is a special
request to our farmers that they
do not wait for a committeeman to
come to see them hut instead look
up the committeeman nearest to you
as soon as possible and execute your
contract.
No farmer can afford to* continue
farming without cooperating in this
movement to help, along with his
neighbors and the Government ,to increase
the price of cotton and espcI
dally to increase th^ net profit to
J the farmers. The terms of. this contract-are
more liberal than any which
our farmers have ever had opportunity
to enter into. It is believed that
the payments made our farmers foi
not planting cotton will ho much
greater than tho profits which the
farmer would make if ho did plant
the cotton. oThe government is taking.
'Steps to see that the farmers who
do cooperate and sign these contracts
and reduce their cb.tton acreage from
the base period of 1928-1932 will fare
much better than farmers who. do not
cooperate and sign contracts and reduce.
It should be< understood that
our farmers are not called upon to' j
reduce from the acreage they planted
last year. The contract calls for a
reduction from the uverage planted
'during--the period 11*28, 1920, 1930,
1931, 1932. However* the farmer is
not to increase his cotton acreage
above the amount he planted in 1932
or 1933.
I Farmers who do not cooperate by
entering into this contract will not
receive Government financing fr/>m
any of the Government Loan Agencies,
such as the Seed Loan, Crop
Production Loan, Land Banks, Production
Credit Association or Regional
Agricultural Credit Corporation.
The cash rent paid by the Government
to the cooperating farmer is
three and one-half cents per pound
f6r the average production produced
during the base period 1928-1932.
I The three and one-half cents payment
will be made in two installments,
the first to be paid the farmers
between March 1 and April 30,
1934, approximately, and the second
installment between August 1 and
September 30, 1934, approximately.
Also the parity paynAent upon the
farm allotment (which payment will
not be less than one cent per pound
on said farm allotment) shall be
made to the producers between December
1, 1934, and January 1, 1935,
approximately. The farm allotment
is forty per cent' of the average production
during the base period.
This is a great opportunity for our
farmers and I do not see how any
farmer living in ,this community can
I conscientiously refuse to cooperate in
this undertaking by oOur Government
to help our people.
| Please see your nearest committeeman
at once and sign your c.ontract.
Remember, the time for signing contracts
expires Jaijumtf advises
I Henry P.-Green, county agent.
Frank Walker complained to the
CWA at Madison, Wis., because he
had been discharged after investigatI
ors said he was a "single man. He
J explained that he had just been released
from prison 'where he had
served a term for bigamy.
To Meet With Watere? Church
The western division .of the Ker- ,
shuw Association will hold its, quarterly
B, Y. P. U, rally at Watere?
Baptist church January 28, at 2:30.
o'clock. The following churches are
expected to send representative*:
Bet ha n y - \V ?stvttle, Beaver Dam, Gedar
Creek, 'Camden, DeJCalb, Flint
Hill, Hermitage, lloreb,4Malvem Hill,
Mizpah, Mt. Olivet, Pine drove, Pisgah,
Thorn Hill, Watoroe,
Tho program is as follows: Devotional
by Thorn Hill; "Tho B. Y. P.
U. as u Church Auxiliary," Bethany;
"Blessings that havo come to me
through my B. Y, P. U. Work", Cam- *
den; -"Special music by Camden;
"Whither bound in our church training
program?" by Thorn Hill;
"Christ must reign in our training ?
program," Hov. J, T, Littlejohn,"
Special music by Thorn Hill.
Knch union is to bring a verbal report
of wbrk done in the past quarter.
The late Chief Justice Watts has
a brother living at Laurens, 86 years
old, who is remarkably activo for his
ago. Ho is one of Jhe few surviving
Confederate veterans who actually
wore arms In the Confederate war, A
sister, Mrs1.' Sullivan, of Laurens, also
survives. Three daughters, Mrs. Guasie
Sullivan and Mrs. Courtonay
Stokes, both bf Chesterfield county,
and Mrs. Bessie Hoyall, of Laurens,
are living, $5
'Lucette Almeras, Pariaienne beauty
who was with Alexander Stavisky,
Bayonne bank manager, at tho time
of his death at an isolated inn out- ^
side of Chamonix, refuses to talk
about the case and will not tell how
Stavisky came to ht.4 death. It is
freely charged in Frhnce that the v> . .
banker was shot by police to/keep
him from talk that might involve
high government officials in the $30,000,000
bank swindle. 'It was at first
claimed that Stavisky had filled him-'
self as the police broke into the room V.
where he was hiding.
Mrs. L. B. Pickett, of Jefferson, tin.,
claims tq have a clock that has been
running steadily for 45 years without
repairs.
TAX RETURNS
. . /
Office of Auditor Kershaw County,
Camden, S. C., December 15, 1933
Notice is hereby given that the Au- t
(litor's Office will be open for receiving
Tax Returns from January 1st,
19?4j. to March 1st, 1934. All persons
owning real estate or personal property
must make return? of the same
within said period, as required by
law, or be subject to a penalty of 10'
per cent.
The Auditor Will attend in personor
by deputy at the following places
in the county on the dates indicated
for receiving returns:
Jtaley's Mill?January 19th.
Westvillfc?January 26th.
Rabon's Cross Roads?January 24,
All persons between the ages of 211 r
and 60 years, inclusive, are required'
to pay a poll tax? and all persons between
the ages of 21 ana 60 years, ^.vi
inclusive, are required to pay a Road
tax, unless excused by law. All
Trustees, Guardians, Executors, A<L
mimatrators or Agents holding prop- Vr-"' A -;'v
erty in charge must return same.
Parties sending tax returns by mail
must make oath to same before some
officer and fill out the same in proper
manner or they will be rejected.
B. E. SPARROW, V
iL Auditor Kershaw County
666
Liquid, Tablets, SslVe, Nose Drops
Checks Malaria in 3 days, Colds first ?
day, Headaches or Neuralgia in 30.,
minutes.
FINE LAXATIVE AND TONIC
Most Speedy Remedies Known v"
REAL ESTATE S
RENTS COLLECTED, FARM AND CITY PROPERTY | . 4
HUNTING<PRESERVES I
Repairing and Care-Talcing of Property
ALL FORMS OF INSURANCE
DeKALB INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE CO.. I
Crocker Building ? Telephone 7 1
iiigii J'
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