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?- ? nmmmmmm?mmm My Experiences in the World War *r-t" - ? !?> By Cteneral John J. Pershing < PK^^4tS<ln I CHAPTER IX t j'arlH July 20, 1017, for a visit letd Marshal Sir Douglas Halt:, tittli commander In chief, whose art era were In an old chateau Idden away In a magnificent at Heldlquea. I was accomt.y Colonels Harhord and Alnd Captain Button of my stair. Unner the subject of conversuituiitlly turned on the military jn of the allied armies, our own titular. They were keen to ibout our arfny, Its organization e, and the prospect? of our nut* ooi>h in the field. Aa our active patlon depended on many faciich as training, equipment and ig. my replies, of course, were Ite and no doubt disappointing, urn we asked many questions, was especially Interesting .to he importance of artillery eifl?d by lta chief, Major General who spoke of the difficulties Had experienced in supplying tlves with guns that matched ejtny's. . rring to their lack of artillery beginning, General Birch said was reason to believe that they tally attained a superiority over >rmans. Real Teamwork kicking. - ? Douglas told me some of the deif^Nlvelle's unsuccessful attack spring, how it was known fur ide, beforehand and spoke parly of ihe eoAapquoat ooHowhdJeon among the French troops. Ali he had placed himself under f's commSbd $r these operahe had, he suld, little confidence > outcome from the start. He Ktmmented on the failure of the h to co-operate fully on yarlous ons. His remarks entirely conthe belief that 1 had long since hat real teamwork between the rmies was almost totally absent, cely anything more strikingly ised upon me our unpreparedthan what 1 saw during a few spent with General Trenchard ? British flying field, where we IuueoSrd flyers doing every. I mag In hie stunt, and saw planes of all lasses, bombing, pursuit and observaod. motors of different types and the loroughly equipped repair shops. The outstanding thing, however.' ftlch it was gratifying to note later n in our own aviation personnel, was le incomparable spirit and aleirtnefis f the young officers and the enlisted ersonnel. Every man seemed to he Isappointed when a flight of planes epnrted for the front without him. ./^VV^L JJWJiWIli J . >_ i tfflqr mwt.'i' i j.isbml. I (alt to* British lieadquartem H. instructive, a* eve^pjOPP*^ in given us to study in tl mutetails of their wtrUIU U*iaul,v After similar studies j df sthe y ystefn Irs selected from each^j itures beiht suited to perfect alanced staff for our own 'miial relations end good unlng established betweeu ^r Ilalg and myself and between^) responding members of^jbtir it! with a numbaaruT tatfd-" ah officers with whom W? We,T? have official dealings proved vantngeou8. In London, , long ^ armistice. Sir Douglas, in an iner speech, referred to this ' iich happened (during a period sslon, and said that our timely nee at his headquarters had In them a strong- feeHeg-nfiess for the future. Meets Other Leaders. tlary at this time noted the in, Tmtiaatyrawy aa, i*ir* w i breakfast yesterday at the n with Lloyd George, H* Is and energetic* and his a conception of silled probTook lunch with Mr. Bal^ ^btaSir^e^rding* ?bU?- * * ReprePentatirerof tts ts- * allies wet for conference on * rel situation. In the evening ibot, the prims minister, gave its dinner to offlclaIs attendconferesics. ^ ?r? " *lay attended luncheon to alrepresenutlves given by the rtdsat and Mm*. Polncars at Blyses -palace. i conference this afternoon mmmmmmmmmrna with I'etaiu, Cudorna, Robertson and Koch at tatter's office. Dlacussed military plans, talked about tonnage possibilities and' shortage of personnel. All pcaalmistlc and reserved. James Ktlllmun. Just returned from a touf of France, contlrms reports of serious depression. Situation Not Hopeful. The meeting of the allied military leaders July 26, which wus my first, brought out little that wus hopeful. The political {relations of the allies were touched upon In a general way. | but only so far as they might affect the military situation. The most gignlflcant recent event, of oourse. bad been the crisis In Russia. With reference to Amerlcau assistance, I gave In detail the situation as to our man power, Immediate and prospect, especially In the light/Of the latest plans of the ^department;' and laid particular empbolite oiy the necessity of additional Shipping. A cablegram had just been received In response to mine of July 6 In which I had requested that at least a million men reach France by tye following spring. This message, Indicating that the I War department foresaw small chance of gerurlngThe necessary towage, was read to the conference In part as folI lows: "By using all shipping which Is now In sight" for the purpose and which' - wRf-hfr-avaHaWe-after month of lSto" | vember, the plan proposes to transport to Frunce by June 15, 1918, twenty-one divisions, comprising about 420,000 men, together with auxiliary troops and replacement trOops, line of communication troops, and others, amounting to 214.970 men, making a total of 034.975 men." More Tonnage Needed. Although short* of my recommendations, even this schedule could be carried out only by a very large increase Of tonnage. The other members of the conference were of the opinion that if new adjustments could be made there might be shipping for nlue or ten of our divisions before spring. So for the moment there did not seem to be the slightest chance of transporting a million men to France by the follow JLng June. * After canvassing {lie whole situation, . the conference expressed the unanimous opinion that a defensive role should be adopted on all second- { ary fronts. The British and French representative* hoped that the surplus troops resulting from this course might be available to strengthen their armies lq France and CJeniernl *Cadoriha. of course, though the Italian armies should have their share. gjgjy'Sur-y - rrjrr."2:1 . CHAFER XT7~ About this time (July, 1017) disturbing reports were submitted to me confidentially by one of our naval officers sent by Admiral 91ms from London. .Calculations based upon tonnage risasiw^ifoS. MajN June and July ..seem ed . to coftftrm ^e cbnciuslQqji of a month "previous" that there would soon b* in-" SUfficlenf nlttpir-sbtpplnTrtpfh-to, i)rlnpr over an American army of required strength and that the allies would fjnd it difficult to keep tip their food supply from overseas. The data presented by the naval officer proved that If this rate of destruction could not be reduced the war \frotild be lost before we coqld Are a This report was certainly most pes slmlstlc, but it did not dispel sfcy con 0den?e4n the success of the ,plan.that had been tested and was stout to be Inaugurated of sending ship# over In 'ooayort nnder the protection or naval j vessel#. .Additional destroyers! re-' nrr r-rrr-Tr -flfne targwy tBseeeeeo -such craft ui ..Eftropeso waters. ?n<J as ^ result the activities of submarines had -been W Need of Speed *vld?* ? Tet for the time being ship construe . tlon In Rrttlsh yjirds tontlnued belo? losses and od^iWpplaiftonVd at heme had -scarcely stopped wrangling aver ^-material# and type* All .'these facts caused "everybody to realise the *treme urgency of speed 'end that *?. turn gars soma bops that the prospects might soon become brighter. II Wha uiy uoJi?r. vAfa (q the fac* "f the heavy loeuee, thai with coot ?*?' whfiillm w<kr upfrt juo agemeuf a nil distribution. (ha shipping would t>a ample Car all purposes. This would require, of course. (list It be placed under 'some central authority, but tha governments. esjucJally the liritlsh, that controlled tuoal of It, while apparently desirous of helping, dto not aaarn Inclined to think they could make any concessions They had entered Into arrangements to assist 1 each other with shipping for foodstuffs, but there wua uo such thing as pooling < of allied tonnage for general purposes, However, the discouraging reports on the situation did niuke such an Impression on the military leaders that they suggested the possibility of pooling all Hvailnhte shipping and accordingly recomtqended a commission to consider the question, with especial reference to the transportation of the American arihy. Spies Qst Sailing Dates. The success of submarine warfare bad been lurgcly dependent upon advuuee knowledge concerning movements of vessels. As there was no doubt that the sulllng dates of tuuch of our shipping reached Germany through spies, one way to reduce the danger would be to close such sources of Information. In the beginning the practice by our War department of transmitting secret Information wgs extremely loose. The data regarding sailing was, of course, !/ sent to my headquarters, but,at the same time, or often before, It vms also given to both French and British military and naval attaches and missions In Washington. They Immediately transmitted the Information by cable to their respective governments, with the result that It usually became almost common knowledge. But there were other sources of Information possessed by the enemy. One message Intercepted by the French, sent from some wireless station In Spain to the German genera) staff, announced the arrival of several American vessels at Nantes and of' 10,000 American soldiers at' St. Na- 'J' zalre, and also gave the routes tuken by our transports. Another, evidently Intended for submarines, reported the departure of at; convoy of transports from New York. These and simllnr facts were cabled at once to Admiral Sims and to Washington. Leadership Big Problem. Probably the most lmportaht factor in building up on aggressive army is the selection of leaders. Without sufDetent leadership the finest Of'troops may suffer defeat by inferior forces skillfully led* the following was my recommendation to Secretary of War Baker: "My observation of British and 1 French armies and most exacting ardu- fi! ous service conditions at the front i; i fully convince me that only pfllcera In ,, full mental and physical vigor should. [i be sept here. Contrary course means , certain inefficiency In our service and vposslble later humiliation of officers concerned. General officers must un- i dergo extreme effort In personal supervision of operations in trenches. Very few British or French; division comraanders over forty-flv$ qjrbrigadiers over forty. "We have too much at stake to risk Inefficiency through mental or physical defects. Strongly recommend condl tlons be fully considered in making high appointments and suggest tha: no officer of whatever rank be sent here for active service who is not strong and robust in every particular.. Officers selected for appointment genoral officer of line should be those with experience In actively commanding troops. Officers not fulfilling above conditions can be usefully employed at hon\.e training troops." Little Effort aft Selection. These recommendations were not altogether followed at hoffie. In fact very little effort seems to have been made at selection, so that some officers W? www.eaw* cufiiaiirUf W?WC inefficiency should, have been well i known, and others whose age and 9 physical condition were such as to disqualify, them for strenuous service,,; were given Important assignments. r Most of them were known to me and not a few who, under the rule of seniority, were, commanders of regiments and departments, had lacked -the energy e*en; to Unin their commands or themselves in battle, exercises, here favorable opportunity' had. been offered. -- * ^ Ttte4>ol!cy of the War department ; from beglnn I n g to end seetaed to; be to appoint "officers to "the higher grade, according to seniority, with the Intention of weeding out the Inefficient later on. This appears to hove been the department'^ Idea of selection and the result wps practically no selection at all. After the appointment of such < officers It was a slow process to elimiMtf. ~ ~ tha Training Area, The First division was now well Mtnl&tn Its training area In tha ration dTGondrecourt, south of Bar-lel)uc. Tha troops of tha division had akaady established friendly relations with the. French peasantry and-had quickly adapted themselves ^, their new mode of Ufa, w ^ A* tha natural consequence of the' fiaanctal '-condition of the i frugal French provincial, he was wont to fityPfcjbyfifed presence of thf British and ourselves, and the opeu-handed payday, habits of the American^ to give some encouragement to flile' inclination. As a result so grew up later betwqeo our man and their early friends. -I* uU history 4 do not- believe there has aver been un army on foreign soil so considerate, and observant of the rights and Interests of the people. The iW? I '?? t,Vvv- v ' V - v .- " " 0 -1 peasant class made a strong appeal tor every man in the army. Their simplicity, their love of the soil and the long hours of work In the fields bj( thef old inen and women and young boys] I and "girls remained the constant udmiration of our soldiers. -* v 0 1 am Inclined to think, however, that the excellent behavior of. the men. i&4 the first contingent, their rather on->, military appearance In Ul-fltting unl-, forma and their apparent lack. of tot-1 (mal discipline created the impression ' In the minds of the French officials' that they were too kind-hearted to btft come aggressive fighting troops. ^ At the conclusion^*? my Inspection of'.(rations places Cbaumont was se?.f lected a* the best site for;w general] "p* pe^ur 4lne <3^ communication* to |he front and cenv tceily placed as to probable /lectori dT our. operations. The fine atone PegT mental barracks became our headquarters and we were able to obtain a rapid* billeting accommodations in houses fbtr til except the enlisted men, who were provided with temporary barracks. (Continued next week) jrf. .. ' Hail Wrecks Houses ;, ** AM Injures Men; Dillon, S. ia, IMay 7?<HM1 large as goose egg's fell about noon I1 today in the western part of Dillon county. N. W. Garry, of Bingham j reports seeing small limfbs of trees torn off and holes knocked in tops. of cars by the large ice bulls that fell for several minutes. The ground was <$>vered with ice. Little damage. was done to crops according to re-1 ports. * I - -Heports from Ki$45y's Cross Roads section of Dillon county state that si* lumbermen working'*in the woods ifvere , knocked unconscious by the large hail stoUes today about noon. Weather hoarding was torn off the J side of an old house and some ryet< crops were literally driven into the , ^ivwrar" ,* nv trail oivxracr ryrvic r large as goose eggs and hit the ground with such (force that they bounced two feet into the air. MUe. Friedel Haerlin, following tho assertion of a popular German hewSt paper that she <was, "the prettiest girl) in the world," received 1,120 proposals of marriage in a single week?? 100 per day. . ..Not a divoroe complaint or an inv tention to imirry .was filed at Boise,' Idaho, Wednesday, the first day ot)j which th^..state's new .90-daydiyarce law and 6-day intention to marry laW became effective. 'v' ; ~ ' 11 ] M"J _LL.JL 'I ' J l1The Illinois house of representative* an Tuesday passed 'without opposition, i resolution calling Oil congress to stlhmit the question of repeal of the L<8th aimendment to the legislatures of the 48 states. and"Bent it to the senate. - ; ? R. E. Chewning & Son Graeral Contractors 1 r ''*X> ' . . , and Builders Phone 386 Camden, 8. C. Estimates Furnished on All Classes of Work ' Floors Sanded on Request ^r ; . i ? Lieut. Commander Glen Kldeton, wealthy 3riti?h adventurer and speed flier, with a passenger 'were killed in r South Africa, Tuesday when the plane in which they were speeding0 north crashed due to a broken wing. \ . Three sheriffs and 15 deputies arrested four (bandits near Tahleqush, Ok la., Wednesday after a pistol battle in -which no one was hurt. The bandits were found at <a tourist camp and were wunted on suspicion of having robbed a bank at Leslie,/ Ark. : ^ 1 ? r . .. - ... ^ - v.. NO-MO-KORN FOR CORNS AND CALLOUSBS Made in-Camden And For Salt By DeKalb Pharmacy?Phone ft naMvij 19c SAI fBM mm ^Kr m m " ! I Ban? 1,,s^r . . ?..HRIiSSPSU ' ???? ' ^ <** fv t- j il I ? ? H? iil??wwwmii I I'll :^. PMPWIHWtoJ BELOW ARE JUST A FEW OF THE MANY 19c SPECIAL VALUES 1 " hip?????+mmmw??mmmmmmmmmmmmm????Mwpwp^r? Py U li CHEESE 13 ?b. i9c *"?wwwpb9i^ i i i i i i ' ' TOMATOES fi S ^ 19c mmmmmmmm4mmmmmmmmmmmmmmni n m m nmmrnmmmmmmmmmmmmmm i mj n i i ,+ t m~ > ... Wtr GRAPE JUICE ? S t9c Bl'M'ANA RED BEANS 4 cans 19c AAI* APPLE SAUCE 2 jfe? 19c DKL MONTI. FRUIT SALAD gg 19c MIT IT WHITE HOUSE Ur?e <fl (|A mjUUlk EVAPORATED J Can. ? | ' rtr-TT iiriinmv - - - ? ' ' ! Sultana JAMS <P?cUu Added) ASSORTED FLAVORS t 19c? HOMINY Canned 2 cans 19c PfcACHES* Del Monte, large can 19c CORN FLAKES, Sunnyfield, 3 pkgs. . .19c PEANUT BUTTER* AAP, lb. jar 19c EAGLE MILK* can .. ..19c SAUER KRAUT* Ubby's* 2 cant 19c LUX TOILET SOAP, 3 cakes .T77V.. .19c f a G SOAP 4 cakes 19c 1 pkg. of PALMOUVE BEADS . 3 Cmlces PALMOUVE SOAP > 19c I OLD DUTCH CLEANSER a >9c | I IOWA?TKNUiyit CRVRIII^D ' CORN 2 &i 19c OTIUOTLY FRK8II I EGGS doz. 19c I OTHER WEEK-END MONEY SAVERS Grandmother^ PAW ROLLS to. Sc I BUTTER K? lb. 29c onn'^M. ? ? * ? Uomponnd ^ Buctot ' w # The GREAT ATLANTIC dfc PACIFIC TEA GO. r, <. ' . i, j' ' ' ' . 5:!- * ? w :, a ? li'-uj .. mm.: .. / ( Anchor Awnings, Tents and Truck Cdver?T v j i - - ?hr 0! 60J Our ANOHOit UHE Mute TRUCK COVERS (tarpaulin*) a* well a* AWNINGS, SHADES mad CURTAINS lor all purpose*. 1 ,TI mr ? (*?>,' '-?{T -cii. as , v , I*'.., , ifytui4. Our repoir *lio? U fo?jd <>f .(tending to nil kind* of little "THRIFTLET" job*. They eftnnot b? too ?m?ll )K,tO receire oar boot attention. JENKINS REPAIR SHOP ?28 Lower Broad Street Cand^ S. C? J ( pPPREEE^RERBEBBBBBRBRBREEEBBRBBBi ' . . I?._ >-. v ' . ? I ^ '