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1 "l" 1 "" 111 ' 1 111 I I'l ' II III ? Taking the Profit " Out of War . ... x r. .. . ... ?. J n> IlI MN WU) \1. !!\!i! ( H 'i . '' V > !} ?.:* ..if'y *hi : ' .. ' * '>? t i.if;.r * {/ ,:*. ' ?. ' V' iri J/r $%XtaM : ;/?> v ' ' *: ' * ' : i* < . }< : of.t:pu$ &* 'HtjiM*''] - ' j.i> .t/a- .1? ' >; * .' ; r.> <* ?:t , ; . v\ni$ tk* Hif'it*x *-j ti.c <f f>?* ' ' ' W-ekU W.pr through its -#v * ' inate ; Mr. ] li v Nr*'?.. article -fiAUtf, to ? *>' .t'.-x r .' BfifUfisfi V f'iry.'K. < hairailhe uy /<.' >"! a'*,r>f jnr.m. pmrnft 'j ? * he xrrlist ?i/,. * u item/?} to 1 .groM^ig ir.terrest m the i Ua. -nducrd him tfi invokf pr & t'.cal tncgut, '{? t'ir.y -j lout ? /?({ eoytprr- i iK-r.: />n o/ fclrtit? the profit out o' or in the rinvri ;>?< countries &' icor'd. To f*?# rw4 ** rexp'rid'd to a suggestion of Mr. Qycm [) Young, of the page itrkool of Intimations', R'tat ions <ji Johns Hopkins University, that ! a* establish a courts of lectures there tc expound the War Industries Poor4 ] p&OR ?* detaU. later he %c\tl proceed to make similar arrangements at leading ] umverntiet m Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan. Agreeing spith Mr. Barueh that the subfeet calls for public knowledge and diacnssiaes, U scos natural far the Atlantic to turn to him far the following paper.?Twu$ ! Bttrroa* or Tu? Atlantic Momtmly ] I War owe* daweribod aa Prma U't D>o?t profitable ladttatry. It cteis ooly a aeaat examination of history to learn that other cotxtrtrlea wero epes to the mat Indictment. The wrthofio of tho Robber B*ron* did not pan with tho end of. fewdadUm Annexation by eon que** did not ecav?. Bat wben America entered tho Wo rid War Breolden* WlHoO fathered -l-TjTv^-T^nTarnSvaTr-a I * r * rorem a* - -that n? *er a foot of territory ?-rtild V ?dd-H to our te .-n 1 artrr by Si-. rye Ain^ric* ha* ;h* tox^ '".r i[dipoastSj{v- . rattfiaal . ->-S: **.. . ?t *V, it to> tail be Krr-.' T'- a lo po'V-. > ? way. 'towff.r ! ' ^V-r v '' -dividual ->f y} - "1*C ViVc't be profit . ojjt a! War. .* to ;'<aa Sv tv.^ v"' p to?a*-l ..-rewif.c *?' .ercs.-rm'.r /dciewtfi* '--l-i . e 1 w^r Tfc.< ex i?"- r-* vf thn f.u-lti d ?r-g ^r, 'In VVt-Pl War *f ^ tfrrrrt-*'-a f"-r tv "'ba' tllP^ p'in hernia 4*#t - red. fat f -rascHttab Irs ^ . $.: r? a rj*t?-H ? * <^-' 5?r?y tlllxuta a St i *Iu!y i2o*n. The world ia ?ach a Vi?.y place, and the radius of human activity has been irtr r vat:) or: rxTTrr,i be- ca*a .?? -" o"f mod - m Inre-s"ron*. thai it t*' sot >*rstre -that there are but f?w people * ho are conrentant with what . ^a'.etly bat effect'.teJy tak.inr place ;n this country :z ' ha mob ill ration tal-uwTd it* " irateri*. rwoureef ip the \V >rld War ?a proceM that would Uve eventually ei:treated. *11 improper profit* Strenrth U kiw*-ia to the public ad ecwa. y of Indurtrvv mob:5ration made by both Pr*-siden; Hardier and President Cool id* e - ?r. Cootidre M recently as last October In h*.s Omaha (speech to the America^- l?rion ?by the fact that th? Plas they advocated e a r*m of the mtruiar rramcna! war agencies had once .been set up and successfully operated under the ^ ar Industrie* Board Pre red inc the President * recent elesr exposition of 'his subject, aorne derree of public interest 'had been enrendered by an rrchange of letters be*trr-ptj Osea 0 Young 'of Ibwes plan ramet. ?.n behalf of the Walter Hine* fh?r* S^ho--?l of international Re?a iens. and the writer. The correspondence resulted in the establishment of lecture* a; 'he Pare School of John* Hopkin* PniTersityi on this heme Prerioofly the Afl-rnfie Monthly printed an article by Si?l<-y Huddles-fun. ffho pointed out tt.it yt-ir * -?- m? rrea- *;r;d? - 'owa-d ^ e in the American idea .) takir.c- the pr..e,' on* ?f war' in a systematic way H * hacir reference '**? f?- plan of ;hWar Indtirtri-s Board -p-o :t.f * < -vir'-r mirht l." ? -t?i 1* 'h'- 'v ? Ms: '11 T. ar :-r* ' t Ji *r r .. main* er a'.'" o- 'oof < . r-.atr-.a'. re? . .n !..raw mate'ials, rriar.u':."'urinz 'ac * "* * trnr.*>"> *ati> n. fu- 1 and i? vt' . a' 1 (* ? Tno-a'" The '.nti.-U*rs-n"e x^'.h ai.tch the first fo-ir e-e direr'id and co-ordinated as ? wh-'e will ^ ' rrnlnc the *ft'r. the mor?.}" "f th.e cesistan tv Ip the war "merxenry It early berftme rwdent (o the who were eharyed with the resp.->nsfbaity of . miobnir nr the resources -hat there was a just fven'imert amone the pe?v pu araisst profiteering Profiteering m!rh'. be willful and p*oflt m ah. n r ti*v-vi-?o-ary . bit-. whatever its form:, 'her.- .?v a J:-t determination i' Oto-.ld 'Vve ?o It became " fia p-. e* *hr? the snrv p>r wa? btnifoci W?-v-r.t er-ated e hc.rtazc b> .f.v .i-r-^.nd.'. prices were fixed n-' r .' ' *"tv.r Ar?Narx'ani -h. A'.. 1 < I r- III' ? a.-. * < . ... 1 o ? 1 * ti.nr -t. wa- - u- '-w' c ; "v- - 1 ? '---v ha' tccfit. a't-r -t-"^ur ;:ur:;m hr.u tv? CO d' t. C ' - - ? r' f* . .? ' 4' ' ' ic t h e" vrt 1 n t . - ' fi. T.< r t * v - lus'*"* h-t?t * 1 ' - 'w r" " 'v " w rr T ernn.-r : 1 ' >' ~ 1 " * ' - ' 'ar. pr.-kw'.a-a *v ti - "iuf try < hc<? . > 1 ? h<- r->verr. m-'n: d f-ected It must be * rr- - . * *e-- ? ufieo the war cue:" tr - was i -af preparation In ' 1 ft * " -i-d by the best ru-h-r ?h'- ?- any r' fectire form -f v-pa*-.' on then' t-own wnaid ha;. S?-?n of much aval' ! lc view of 'he whinprexui *r.<1 "nr-If j <np rssuits of the war ar.d :be lick of , kcowjedce of the varioa* ins"uxeots ; of rtrt'.ru" :.J* which were de I risef sn. ?? ch it became r-j to con.bat. Oar r>?? A r-| T h .1 SCTT- *. rds?e?, v ibi. aac'jf 'o- mils fW*. traasportatioa. howio|. and w forth On lop of that thorn prevailed Ibo demaada of the Shipping Board, with the slogan that ships would win the war. and of the Food Administrate0* ?*** the a!ocas that food would . win the war.- Further, there was the Railroad Administration wth lla need for maurtal and labor, and finally there was the feverish quest for labor acd yoppllea on the part of the mnwi. | tJpa makers?all competing for labor, pooasijb material*, transportation, fuel.' wgr. a^d each Insisting on the f'c-M-r Importance of Its activity All t'T ri:!- 'the lubor.supply waa bonsr r by the flo? of men into the A::rVV . VVh * sr. endeavor uae be-n^ maije fn-.K">.r.r -,'t ont >.* the urt x( r '1 ' " fc id to . r. Men. ft.-.. '' ; S -fl*had try fx' r-*v = ' t. {* ;; milon*. bureiatrt *' ' * r?iV" . bud *o m ?"t ar.4 ~,f?."<i. but n.oj (i'Mtroypd ,urv'.il the Afr* Wat.- ?rt Tp. Th? wy>n4e'r of ft a:T "Hot that 'herw^ so m.vnv m.ni.ikes. but 'iit r.c .Tiu<;h was accooa hetf: A* the tithe wo entered :h-. war ?wpre at th-jr peak'..and tending httrhrsr because. or Th ?.*a r> ins at '.ah!? demands The probtern was not alone I to secure the materials and labor and to stop the confusion, bat-to do it in UCh a way that the morale of the pe<v p> would he maintained The prices c? was trir.irs. like steel and copper. w??re hied far below prevailing rates, and the wages of labor in those IndusTies were standardized The more _:gh;y organized an tad jstry. the easier it was to arrange Order did not commence to appear until the Army funneled .ta needs through'cow man sitting w-.'h a section of. the War Industries Board and until the Nary. Khipplnr Board. Allies and Railroad Administration did likewise Each de-: partment satisfied Its requirements through a central authoritative body ' This wos called the War Industries Board, controlling and directing all materials ar.d co-ordinating throurh 1" cha.rman the whole system of governmentai and civilian supply and de- ; mand. I: was created by executive order in March of the year !<>19. Briefly, this board endeavored to mobilize the industries of America wo that the fighting forces of the Allied and associated nations could -draw, from the T nited States?the last reservoir of men. materials and zrmxipj?"he th;n.X3 needed for the winding nf he Aar a; the time th- thtnrs w re needed and with 'he leas' dislocation of industry and. thr least !?--? urbane? rf the civilian populatIc-n -t 1 Th- War irrduttr:-s Bo^- 0ginixed Ilku any su^rTi?-->ry comm. with a chairman. r->e . hair mar. rr? *r> b--r- :n 'ha~rc of va r 1 *us act ivbureau c h *? f j n r d s j b *ItS2.te workers. It surveys I and s'ugh. to arrar.ci- ;vf who?- -.a: war fr-i nod--- -.V plenary ^--rs rnafe.rr-d by the President, st- -be C-'ngreas. How w -.II. it i-.H th'- is a 'tory for oth?r? to ull What it "did i* the bex'.s of ;h^ pi?n I am here ri-nw-;ng It was com para"vely ea*y to flx . prices and to distribute materials, and' ind?od to ?ub:l:?f the wagcj of labor. :n thosfr Industrie* ;n which prices were fixed Th? labor situation, how-.1 ever, banc TH r*a*Tag7y d'Scuft. * parficularly when General Orcwder found it ne,c-?a-y ;o withdraw men for th?> proposed rampatrn of 19!* after s.vvAOOC i.at.ft-r? had -.I'-sd* seen i.ikr-.] Mull, he.i u prc-q of Jabot. : < a- -j-- J j. vr ? it C? It is T V ' - -v r V A . . V . '. *i< y *\v ' ' " 'e r : - -v. _r - v - - -. ' ' h:r. .- - ~ k a 1 . v a h V W ' K -> a . ?J 1V'- - - vo. - ... r. . t . r ? are ? ,V ' * ? ' v . ' ' , 4 ' ' c a ftz.r. g 7 hui to r<: *\ . ber a-4 - - ^ A .- TVs -? v.-.in k"u. - rj.-re u ~ T- ri ng * ;n a .amps r-. - - 'vf of a' 1 tf b,< e -nfngs v v la bo- had 'i b^v >-*r.e v ?i p-v. , ? fi i ? 1 ! s ^ 1 f t>?r :n % - ,- -- S-oade- ?er. s. 'bar. mania ;* ?- 'c? tbr _q-.-gar. :i?-d s.vca >-i wh.tr ocl lar* part *>f -cmm ;r.;: v ?< rry ?, ) teache-s government employee* fees-oral meu *e*f >*? abl% u> -r, ? i tkr si'n*fon than labv In -he nsr ! rowrer ?-nte JV,r ije pr^.v.-.o-j rnj-ef of ?a t groups cer-ain r-b ra w?.-e Urti-d. Tc il!ns:r?r# - i I i a ' ^*ft of WiMle u ar ao ibm or cwp r?it? or iftrl-ia soo co?Id rata* atone > w.ihoat fhe *pp >r*l of ?:_* *\? . ... ' **</'. 'h Tr< i?cr> tr p*.rt:v -:. n!i b <- * --< ?! ;TJ tor? .ft-t :- o "t4. '. ft'***"* ** wrary tfti^cWV r.?e Ig4-t?tr*e* ffrrsrd a-: r * J*f 'r' * ^ it Vit ic ha p*t T ;* v > JEsel *9* ?p: I rd i -: ? tor Us ''? ' * >' \:J* ' T&? (Mi; oif F&iJadgJ j ( "... ,a '.*4 . - i /rota tjw&Vhg ' W:*e?'>-- rrrS* ih#| to ' ti^u, % I [*? * I n, *oir??N|ry; b*t la *r : ^ J 5 _ <' {: * g . *"*?? V?v^'}?.fr of pe* *af* f fast; w.eredn&ttd l >.? .'* ni* ] j. o< ptrfco-tai i **** :. tfr ?v wtifrta r : '--< *?r * ?*a-|? part of tit oothrnq'of.-T V;>.f t? Adjust <1* iK&fttt to the whole. jf r *? a * | jixjiits'.xitiar [ m- ' j There hav? o? r-rj a gresi mar7 bills introduced Into Congresson th?e tubfa* of Industrial mobilization. *>? sponsored bv great oruaiutioDi Ube ?b? Americas I^gtoo, and other# by wtpapert and publicists. But it Is surprising how little knowledge there o? the part of those who drew ?p the bills of the practicability and few sibUlty of so mobilising oar rwoortet that it woo Id be Impossible to ?1*+ as much profit la war as is time of Paace- Take into consideration the fact that the following were being done is 1911: ? General Crowder. who was tn charge of the draft, had asked the chairman of the War Industries Board where he could obtain additional men heeded ' Tor The Army in Prance srith the least j possible dislocation of the war makin? i-JEtrial civilian machinery, and j tr'erie In the pmce*? of replacing mai* t^Sfin By a system of: nrioritiea the Roaro was allocating to f o';.r own Army had, N^ry. to the AltJe* pr'.A to the (-??entiai. war In do* trios tb* htn^c rh^-v rwir- i- I: was- making| "v-inclty rut nsra a? to trans'r'ariorj >nd they wr.re being followed^oct by Ba!lroa/i Administrator The ' lartinijrf.raior distributed fuel only on ' Vv r'.:.,^ps. of '.b' War Industries Board. Th- H<Hf4 sf? eneaged in.' 1h*en*an.;!!nc and remorlng-the rpary cor#*>?.? and co*np?:-tlt?Te efforts !r- ' ypfwed tn !a*v- and bn"dings that v-d prerionsly oc-nrred because of lack any rreordfnatin.c acendy. It was alloratlnc pow*r and making regulations for the hitching up of'scattered units of .pow^r It was chsacing munitions o?d?rs from congested to less congested districts. It had actually carried Into effect an order that no building ' Inrolrlnr I2.SOO or more could be undertaken without the approval of the War Industries Board. No steeL no ' 'cement, no material of any kind could 1 be ased for any purpose whatsoever; unless the War Industries Board per- i mitted it. No steel company could sell over fire tons of steel unless ap- j proved by the Director of Steel. The j Treasury would not permit the raising of money for any industrial or flnan- j cial operation unless it was approved I by the War Industries Board. The j President IssiiSk! an order that no com- i mandeerlng should be done by the Army, Navy, dipping Board or Pood Administration -without the approval ' -of thf chairman of the War Industries I Board. Every raw material Industry.! 1 and indeed practically every industry i , in the country, was organized through j , appointment of committees, and none j of these industries would do any bus I- I nets except under the rulings promul- j rated by the Board. Standardisation 1 , in every indnstry was rapidly proceed- i ins. These rulings were made known j through the issuance of official buile-1 . tins a; Irreg-ular intervals and were distributed by the .press. We were endeavorinr to arranrp it *0 that the 1gh*.:r.g forces were to receive those ; things which they needed and no more, so that whatever was no* actually required a: the front *a? left to civilian p-irpo*---* industries were curtailed, but nev. r destroyed; -skeletonized. bo: never killed. Ind^el the n?p of men. money ar.d maternal* was ~ap:d.y belnz brought into exactly that condition which 1 have previously i stated to be- necessary in case of another war! J 1 If. in addition to tnis. the President ta the future has th? authority to fix ; p. .ces and distribution of materials' and labor, rent, and the use of man] T^wer. Transportation, ruel and all the! things necessary for the conduct of}-.1 the war. any rise In price# will be pre-j 1 Tented, even In anticipation of war. [ 1 -here are many eialm that wari^ Is caused primarily by the desire of! profit. I am no' c?ne of those. But if j ' there is anyth.ng m this contention - ] this plum will ren?ove th*- possibility of{ anybody urg-.r.r war lV? a means of! 1 making profit# Even if there are no ! ' men who desire war ?? * ic-un? of' ' making profit ?he fact that profits j ' *<cn'.d V lAi* ia war than in i,cuc*?.! ' and wealth and -<--eource? we.n;? b?? di-' ' r* of by tui rr.ucn: have ] r ad/*? i oa ; * m-r. of r-oi: restu'^v# I.'-trad of r r.r :-d-- vf. 'hey ? rh* v * ' ac- 1 ''.TP 3 ! V h i ^ t The-e ma~y - ople a.# f varo-M to d..*:,.? (he 1 - k r .. ' ::: ? \r.>i ^rt* *er 0 w^ ' 4 i' Th* '*> a! 5.-rme ? rs w.10 cppccc any a -r. r a- N"rai?? w< r* ously 8 u h the war time.* I r. -i ; .-.a, (-xperi-nre of - * " "c b.e for : he lu-j 1 W-lr \ '* "* ' r 2 ^'nrld 1 - : .. S;?r,s Cf r during the time * tv- f the natk.n m.-de * r " * actlvKte# and 1 h"- ^ *ere pr--;n crat ? mart .'a ? ii- ??.d Tell as ? h' r""tTo: wants and r? 1 will fi.I 'h. c-df -. bat dou't 10: erf ere 1 with the -?'? r.? the p*rt of oar pr>-*d- < set %!- ' th* rovemmen; does sot < van, fu use Tkur was snthlnksblft. I Ptaatdec; * ma decrwed that Mr 1 ?, ?__ ? ? t proirk^ ft*: ?Uu - T'| johh r* aisd rK??lm of >4,0 fsaJhe ti4 Mil iho^i ool> >t t p*c*H*4 )(uUU It i Ist4 of July. l$i$ Mo m? who dh ? c*M of it* War Imtastr w ; , ' 4>4 tr. ?.u 9"&*ta? t'io*?.\] .. tl Ji?J ?s '1 . :: n 'a?# or BitifiHu' v I - ?&< *.?* * *? ' t tiyr-'lifc-c**! ' .*!%*. M???. 'I '.<#: %# ? :*>.. .?:- .* A. B Of C.srd : tb;'. .iw ?f -sfeV.'^s ;y^' . * **T*'' * ' j , . ' !- ,1^7 : H V4-' b-r ? f r' " J r ?! > < j at-.t ^rrj 0:r 'tf.e * #,i (-< *-v-- % j' 1 * i'* * * f?* t?d * ? *.'/;c ;-:$4 Thr/vr/h. >.t.-: on la {.%uof. ..(?<?'. -'g ?-t * ' r , >n4* trsks * porta tl< rv t. a''. | *. . *., : r * i'-vd.ha.ve. be*3' permitted t ... .o any dealer violating the- r*g- j c!; ioc* Tb' ArasUtieo flopped t*i? . of ibis BIiAm. Another plan of tifm nitur* The re jnufacturers of men'a and women s wearing apparel had tn 1918 been call ed to Washington, together with the retailers of variooa goods, and notified that regulations woo Id hare to be made in regard to retail prices and standardisation of clothing. The ratings by the hoard were made known throagh the issuance of official bulletins nt Irregular intervals and were widely distributed hy the press, which cooperated In this most necessary work with a wholehearted purpose that gave to the orders of the War Industries Board the Instant a no broad circulation they required. to perfect his control of food products and prices There was also talk of j fixing rents. an? in some cities this { was, done If we were to start, in the event of i inf't.ihisr A?r. at the place where i'Q j weir.dusir-aiiy whoa the World \v j v ocieri, the /Jr*rr:dtrot, actiri? through 2*! agency. *?ir.tl^r to" the War ,{ndu<tries Board. wcu'd .hare the right to fit prices of a!! 'h,ngs as cf a date p^ervcus to' t-ftft declaration of war r anen there was a fair peace time rela/ ' jn.ii.lp aw^ng the various activities of the nation, It would be illegal to ; buy. sell, serve, or rent at any other ; !hett fhritF -rirm fifUjjf ffai5T3 applied to every' ggeaity-of inflation ;' before the hurtful prc-cew started. An Intelligent control <-? \he flow rrt men. ; money an j materials would be im-| posed, instead of having the blind panic heretofore en*"ltt? on the first appearance of the frantic demands <? ' war. The Draft Board would have be fore it the rulings of the priority committee. together with the estimated needs of every business and profes- j ?V>n in Its relationship to the conduct of the war. and men won Id be select- j cd accordingly. The Draft Board j could more intelligently decide, with j 1 the advice of the priority committee. |, many of the problems with which it ! wonld be faced There would be no j sending of men to the trenches who ! were needed for expert industrial war ' work and then bringing them bac.V; ! again. Businesses not necessary to j the winning of the war would be cur j tailed The Draft Board woald have ^ that Information before ltTh;? prices 6t all things being fixed the price fixing committee wonld make any necessary adjustments, as was done daring the war. Under the vys- t tem used in 1918 these prices were s made public and adjusted every three I months, so that any consumer or producer had his day in court when he ^ considered prices unfair. Those who fi complained that during the war prices ^ were too high "had this ready recourse c to -hand 8 ? in the meantime all the indnstriee of t the country would have been mobtlired x hy th-a "formation of committees representative of f**oh industry aa was t done in the World War. Over them r would rlsc-i a rrrpmment direc- c tor or eornrhotji-.v chief The various 1 eoT^m-ryrc departments would ap- ( r?oin* corr.rr.lttees representing their f requirements, so that on one commit- 1 tee the m.-.-irre-* of the nation would J be rep-ecert-^d and on the other 1 ^ demand- of the government. The gov- ! 8 pmment director would stand between 1 to decide, in conjunction with the jw! ority committee, to what department supplies should go. ^ J c Money would be controlled and dl j reeted like any other resource. "Tak t leg the profit out oT war** Ls not r syTtonymous with "conscription of s weal'U." as ii is me times regarded f Hie latter Is a theoretical project, pro tiblted by our Constitution, contrary o the spi-it of our social and political astltat:on?. aad impoftsible in prac- m ice Taking the profit out of war 1* ~ ?n orderly and scientific development ' >f the economics and conduct of mod rn war. necessary to the effective nobilisatjon of national resources ar.d ndispensable to eqnalixing the hurlens of war amosr the armed and ?fernia1. ... Bhrh of expe- ? 'ience ard rroTed hy practice It renoves some of tha most de<;tr-^r?{yp oncorrirants of modem war?the con "usion ar.d waste '-rident to war time nflation This term "conf rrlpcion of w ealth." i?ed by ?o many, has created a hope imcng thos^ of socialistic tendencies. :rd a fear arr.onr those who. like me, ' relieve in our system baj?ed upon per cp*; initist:-? and reward, of a tak nr of money, wohont payment, for he u?e of State Neither the hope tor thf fear is justified by the recom nendation herein contained or by our txperlence in the war. The use of noney stould be controlled and dl eeted a a national emergency A nan should no more be permitted to i?e his money as he wishes than he ihouM be permitted to nee th? prolaetiow of his mine, mil] or factory ?*rwpc through th? reaeral eupervtang agency. This was being soae m vard the ea4 of the war. price* for (be jonrameit wore fair ; price* for etrtttus. f nut wjr, bow- I ever. that the majority of Amer- ! leas maosfactiirefa rose to the sits*- | tloo fa such a epleadid way a* to bring the following commendation j f- . WoodtoP "They turned a*:de trora every private interest , ?f their otva and devoted the' whole of tftfrir trbjosd capacity to the tasks thai 3 the sinews of (be whole undertaking. The patriotism. fhe thorough going h -kip# Ahiinru'.-': - 5 capacity d'.tfciir to.labor* day f i>- . r month, have pi > (4*;d comrade* to <:: r... ri. )? trv.-ecj)es fltlf OS. thO J ' ' y men who nr?- afraid ' lion of rhis p'an by Con vs. rive an impetus to social of ')vi"i!sm or | : f .or they.' may call it. because.' they f y j; y j how it can lie done In lint" th r* will be a demand that ,t be dom in pea* <? time." It cannot be done in peace time. There i can be no great undertaking without a strong moving cause. In peace time the moving cause U personal Initiative and payment for Henrico* performed. The aub*tftote for that la war time is til* common danger. The War Industries Board wa* the foremost advocate of price fixing and distribution, and it bad great powdr In this field, but when the Armistice came it recognised that peace condl- j lions were being restored, and it wan the first to change the war time order of things and to leave to the people themselves the readjustment of their affaire. I am satisfied that It Is lm-_L possible for the government to do in peace time what I am advocating, al-' though it becomes absolutely necessary in order to conduct a modern war successfully and to conduct It on a non-profiteering basis. The application of this plan, besides making the nation a coherent unit in y time of war. would impress upon every class in society a sense o? Its own responsibility in such event. If It were known th^fc this universal responsibility would he enforced, no class-?social, financial or industrial? f cou'id fall to understand that In case j of war it would have to bear its share of the burdens Involved and would have to make sacrifices of profit, com ' venience and personal liberty correla-; tively with those made by the soldiers * in the field. To this extent the plan would act as a positive deterrent to ^ any nasty recourse to force In an in- , ternational controversy. One thingnibat has definitely come from the war Is the necessity of arranging affairs so that a portion of the population shall not bo sent to the I front to bear all the physical hardships and their consequences while others are left behind to profit by * their absence. If applied at the out- * break, the War industries Board (as *1 was functioning at the close of the World War) would prevent this and ! lessen, if not remove, the social aad economic evils that come as the aftermath of war. MASTER'S SALE 1 State cf South Carolina, County of Kershaw. < (Court of Common Pleas) 1 1 Under and by virtue of a Decree of < he Court of Common Pleas for Ker- * haw County in the case of L. W. < Jickerson, Plaintiff, against Jacob < VIoore, defendant, I, R. H. Hilton, s blaster for Kershaw County, will sell it public auction to the highest bid- I ler for cash during the legal hours ? >f sale before the Court House door * it Camden, S. C., on the first Mon- r Itfy, being the 3rd day of May, 1926, * he following described real estate, to < vit: I "All that certain piece, parcel* or t ract of land, situate, lying and be- * ig in the County cf Kershaw, State c >f South Carolina, in Township No. t containing one hundred and eighty s If.'1 acr?" s. more or less an i bounded 1 m the Ncrth by lands of myself; I oast by lands of myself and Rachaei S 'rowr.; houth by lands of myself and i Jld Man John Rose and being the ^ >ame tract conveyed to me in 1883 J )y Jc>f. Kennedy." r Terms of sale, cash. ( The successful bidder will be re- v iuired to deposit with the Master a ert'.Led check or cash in the sum of s U00. Same to be forfeited upon fail- t ire to comply with bis bid and the I iroperty resold on the same or some a subsequent salesday at the risk of the b briber ^tirchaser or purchasers f R. H. HILTON, Master for Kershaw County. April 13, 1926. ! t Mr*. Annie Wwd BaMtr, wife u Senator Thorn** B. Butlar, of <;?ff n,.y. died at a Gaffney Heephal Moa day following en operation. TO HE HOLD POR TAXES ^ Under and by x'rtUto ?' txee*. tion to me directed by Treasurer of Kershaw County, I have levied uik* and will sell in front of the Court House door at Camden, S. C., between the legal, hours of Kale on the first Monday in May, J 1/2*5, being the third day thereof, the following described property, to wit: Stock and fixtures in the store at 1022 Broad Street known as the Array and Navy Store, said property levied upon and to be sold as the property of Max Jdogulescu for taxes for years 1924 aftd 1925. (2, C, WELSH, Sheriff Kershaw County. ~r~~" MASTER'S HALE State of South Carolina, County of Kershaw. (Court of Common Pleas) National Bank of Sumter, PJaintiff, against D. L. So well, W. J. Sowell, C. Mc' Donald and Swift dk Co., Defendants. Under an order of Court herein dated April 9, 1926, I will aell to Hie highest bidder at public auction/for cash, before the Kershaw Countj Court House door, in Camden, ia said State, during the legal hours of sale on the first Monday, being th? third day of May, 1926, the following doooribed -re&i estate: "All that tract of land in Kershaw County, said State, containing tws hundred thirty-three and one-third (233 1-3) acres, more or less, situate about sevfch miles southeast of the City of Camden, designated as lot No. . 13 of the Chestnut Town-Creek Plantation. upon a plat made by S. M. ykinr 1). S., on March 30, 18G&, recorded in the office of the Clerk of Court for said Cobnty in Book G, at nagc 475; said tract being bounded as follows: North by lot No. 12; East bv lot No. 14; West by lots Nor. g__ and if; and South by land formerly a part of said Town-Creek Plantation and lands formerly of Capt. S. Boykin, being the property this day conveyed to us by the National Bank of Sumter, and this mortgage being given to secure a bond for a balance of the purchase money." Anyone desiring to bid at said sale shall, first deposit with the Master hte sum of three hundred ($300) dok !ars or certified check on some responsible bank for a like sum, as a pledge to make good his bid in the event same be accepted. R. H. HILTON, Master for Kershaw County. April 13, 1926. MASTER'S SALE State of South Carolina, ? County of Kershaw. . (Court of Common Pleas) J. C. Cook, Plaintiff, against Mrs. M. A. Shaw, et al? Defendants. Under an order of Court herein iated March 8, 1926, I will sell tn he highest bidder at public auction 'or cash, before the Kershaw County Tourt House door, in Camden, in said State, during the legal hours of sale >n the first Monday, being the third lay of May, 1926, the following detcribed real estate: v "All that certain piece, parcel or ract of land lying, being and situate n the County of Kershaw, statn~. aforesaid, containing two acres, more ?r less, and bounded north by Lockmrt Road, south by W. A. Shaw, ast by lands of J. R- Catoe and west >y Lockhart Road and being almost riangular in shape and form." Also, 'All that certain piece, parcel or tract >f land lying, being and situate in ho.-County of Kershaw, state afore-'' .aid, containing three hundred and welve (312) acres, more or less, and >ounded north by lands of R.\L. 5owell, south by lands of Jno. L-~ lowers land, the mine road being the tividing line between this and the 'no. I. Bowers land, east by lands iow or formerly owned by D. L"atoo, formerly William Catoe, and vest by lands of Jack Sullivan." Anyone desiring to bid gt said sale halT first deposit with the Master he sum of two hundred ($200) dolnrs. in cash or a check for that .mount to be approved by the Master tefore the sale as evidence* good aith. R. H. HILTON, Master for Kershaw County. April 13, 1926. ?This Year Don't Make T his Costly Mistake Plan this year to keep your cows in the barn, on a Larro ration, until you know you can turn them out without sacrificing profit. Too early pasturing la costly?it will cut milk production, pull down the condition of your cows, and damage the pasture itself* By ell means use your pasture when it's ready, but right now your best bet is Larro. SPRINGS A SHANNON. (Inc.) Camden. S. C. t . i 1 it