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LU DH U. 8. CKNHl/H, who It an JuhI completed the thirteenth <!Iukuo?1h of the condition of Uncle Hmn und hl? family, )>? guii It tii 171*0 uiid hue boon repeating It every ton Yohth ttlnce. Uncle Hum huts footed the blue, to date amounting to about 947,000,o00. Our vauarable dud haa calculated thut the thirteenth in vernation wl|l co?t about fU,000,000; $00,000,0u0 haw been spent for thin purpoue wince 1790. Tbfe twelfth cenaua eo?t about $13,* 100,000, &nd hh Uncle Kuiij'h landed pom tMMWlons have Increaaed ?lnco then and hla family gained about 15,000,000 more member* than belonged to It iu 1900, It would be' oonHldeivd no more than f*J? if. tho imment (UhxuohIn were to oajfcflor ft?v spending of ftbtfut $19,000, 000, whlejt would be the mini If the rate ot l?W6iujm of axpetiwe ut each conatiM up to tho twelfth were to be main (allied for thw thirteenth. A' cenituw expert bah estimated that of the thirteen mllllomi, the h?'ndquar fera office force will earn. $1,000,001), tho enuiiuM-utora $4,000,000; the vuper vlaorn $010,000, and the xpeclal ag<ntn f700,000; Tho admlnlHtratlve coat will lx? $800,0i)0. t b tt ntHtlonery $200,000, r*nt $125,000, tabulating machlnea $250, 000, oarrin for tabulation proceaapa, $100,000, printing $800,900, Alaxka $85. 000, I'orto Rico $100,000. Total. $12, 960(900 It that is all the expanse, It la cheap The late Upn. Francis A. Walker, who was a census authority greater thsn <*ny other, living or cloud, once wroto that ''the pooplo of the United Htates cun well nflford to pixy for-the very beHt census they can got." lie punned this remark In connection with a frank confession of ( bla own MhortsightednosB in umlerestl mafjng the coat of the tenth census. ? It's the olil story: When you are ill get the bent doctor you can afford. ^ The comparative cneupness with which *he thirteenth census has been taken was largely, due to Direct or E. Dana Durand'a eco nomical methods, to the Introduction of aeml au tomatic electrical card-punching, tabulating and sorting machines, and tq the Inheritance of wisdom from tbo experience gained by the permanent census bureau. During the tefm of /he latter the methods of inquiry, tabulation and aorapilatlon have been greatly improved, both ^ Hi accuracy and In economy.'- Millions will be ???saved .Mr Puraud la responsible for ninny of the now methods to Increase statistical accuracy at overy Stop of the census taking and to do oreaso the per capita '?out of the enumeration The card-punching, tabulating, and sorting ma ohluery is the invention of a census mechani cal expert aud the patent rights belong to Uncle Sara. The machines are novel in plan and do fllgn. aro of greater speed and efllclency than ffioefi ttVPy superseded. and van be built and operated at a large saving of money as com .paired with previous expenditures for this pur .yose. -""r^Ol^er aioney-sa> lug ftaturos are the . elimi nation of the vital-statistics inquiry from th?* work of the decennial c?'nsus, a? it belongs to the pormunent. branch of the United States census; the reduction In the number of sched ules, tho pleco-prlcO method of paying for ma chine work, the omission of the hand, house hold and neighborhood Industries from the manufactures branch of the census, ami the reduction of tho size and number of copies of <hq final report. Congress limited tho thirteenth census to four general subjects?population, agriculture, manufactures, and mines and quarries. Tho di rector la authorized to determine the form ati^l aubdlvlslon of Inquiries. The inquiry as to population relates to tho dato April 1r>, 1010, that as to agriculture concerns tho farm opera (.tons during 1P09 and calls for an Inventory of ?arm equipment April 15, 1910. that relative to -manufactures and quarries is for 1009. Tbo enumeration carried only the popula Htm' wnd iTgrlcuiture schedules April 15, 1910. Special agents wore sent out with the sched tiles ifor the manufactures, mines and quarries data. There were fully 66,000 enumerators, of whom about 45,000 carried both the population and agriculture schedules, as It la estimated that there are. now fully 7,000,000 separate farm* In America, with farmers numbering well up Into a scoro of millions. In 1910 there were many more billion* of dollars of fixed Aflpltf' Invested In agriculture than there wero da manufactures, strange as It may seem. And ?the farmer Is getting better off all the time; hla mortgage Indebtedness la decreasing fnst; hla taxation Ik small aa compared with, the urbanlte's burden, and he has taken to auto mobile riillng on a largo scale. CciiKUiT taking every ten years la a tremen dous task. It 1h tho greatest slnglo operation undertaken by Uncle Ham. with tho exception of tho Panama canal work and tho assembling of an army In time of war. The American cen hus Ik the largest, costliest and most accumte of any tak*m by tho civilized nations. Its tmMh'jda are tho most modern and Its equip ment the most complete. The census bureau force comprises, first, Director E. Dana Durand of Michigan, wby, al though only thirty-eight years old, Is older than most of the generals com manding tho forces In the CMvil war, nnd who Is. <oo, a statistically scar red hero, a veteran in government service, and likely to prove tho most practical and efficient di rector connected with any.of the past censuses. Then there is tho. assist ant director, (William H. Wllloughby, of Washing ton, D. C? former secre tary of state of l'orto IUco. Next In rank are tho fivo chief statlstl clanifT?William C. Hunt, in charge of the popula tion division: L.e Grand Powers, heading the ag ricultural division; Wil liam M. Stuart, oversee ing the manufacturing di vision; Dr. Cresay^ii. Wilbur, the vital* stfftls tlcs work, hrtd Dr. Jo seph Adna Hill, tho di vision of revision and re sults. Charles S. Sloane is the geographer; ' Al bortua H. Baldwin Is the thief clerk; Voler V. fs chief of tho publica tion division; Hugh M. \ Brown is private sec retary to the direct or; Robert M. Plndell, 1b the appointment Clerk; Ueorge JoUnnes la the disbursing officer, and C. W. 8plcer la the mechanical expert. In addition* to these are the chiefs of the divisions under the chief sta tistician. There are about 750 permanent clerks and 3,000 temporary clerks, etc, The supervisors numbered 330 and they employed and directed the 05,000 enumerators. About 1,000 chief special agents and assistant special agents. The supervisors also employed 1,000 clerks, 500 special agents and 4,000 Interpreters to assist them in the dlroction of the enumerators. Tb? data relating to population la trans Masterpiece of Glass Work Iii the Hrltlsh museum, in London, on exhi bition. la the Portland vaso, the mnsterplece of anrlent ((lasswork. A chuoco discovery led to the rescue of this magnificent urn from tho Kravo, whore tt had lain for hundreds of yoarH, litddon and unknown. The vaao was found early In the seventeenth century by some la borers, who, digging on a hillock In the neigh borhood of Home, broke into a small vault. On further examination it revealed a suit* of three sepulchral chambers. In the lvgest room they found a llnely sculptured aarcopha ?us, which contained the beautiful vase.' It was full of ashes, but it bore no inscription aH to tho remains ft held, nor has the mystery ever been solved which shrouds Its origin. The vase was deposited In tho Burberlnl pal ace, where it remained uutll 1770, when the rep resentative of the Barberlnl family, a Roman princess, wag forced to part with it to pay her gambling debts. Tho vase changed hands twice, then it was disposed of to the duchess of Portland, but with such^secrecy that her own family was not aware or the transaction until after her death. At the Bal<^of the duchess of rortland's col lection It was purchased by her son, the third duke of l*ortlaud, for the sum of $5,145, and It was deposited In the museum by his successor. The vase was wantonly smashed In pieces by a' drunken visitor, but the fragments were, however. Joined together, but the bottom, with its mysterious llgure In Phrygian cap. was not replaced. The material of this vase was long almost ns great a puzzle as the story It Illustrated, lirevul refers to it as "the famous vase of cbaledony;" Mfsson calls It an agate; Bartoll a sardonyx; whll? Cayluu and others correctly decided that It was made of glass. The blue body was first formed, and while still red hot. coated over aa far as the bas reliefs were In tended to reach with semlopaque whlto glass, the delicate flguro being afterwards cut down to the blue ground In the same manner as with real cameos. "No Openings Nowheres" Hhe Is fortunate In having girl chums who draw roses from their friends now and then. The other afternoon one of her rosy friends pinned a b'rlght red one on her and sho sal lied forth Into the street tcf make other wom en envious. She had not gone far -when she felt a tug at the shoulder and turned to see a strange woman. , >? ? "Whero'd you gtt that roso?" asked the stranger covetously. "A friend of mine gave It to me," was the answer, produced with some chill. "A friend of yours? In a store?" "No. not in a store." "Well,' hain't there no openings no wheres?" . . "Not that I know of." "Humph! Just my luck. I'm Just crasy for a rose, and when I- saw you I just knowed there was a fall opening somewhere." fe rred to muni la cards, by tho punching of holes lu them to correspond with the different items in the echedules. An electrical machine controlled by a clerk can punch hole* In 3.000 cords day. Three hundred of these were used and 90,000,000 cards were ordered. After the punching the cards are hand-fed^ Into an eleetric tabulating machine with a "pin-box" attachment which permits the re quired pins to pass through the variously placed holes in the cards, in this establishing an electric circuit resultin'g In the tabulation of the items on counters which register their ro&ults In printlng?on spooled paper somewhat like a stock "ticker." There are?100 of these machines. After certain comparisons to provo accuracy, the schedules are permanently pre served In a great Iron safe In the census bd ri*au. As tho card does not contain the name of the persons for whom It stands, all personal Identity is eliminated from tho cards. All dan ger of misuse of such Information disappears. Severe penalties ore provided in case any em ployee discloses census Information to outsid ers. The next stop Is the making of tho maps and tables to accompany tho analyses, and then, finally, the Issue of the printed bulletins and reports. Before July 1, 10.12, tho work must bo over and tho thirteenth census gono to Join it? scientific ancestors. Romance of Old Portugal The recent deposition of King Manuel of rortug.il and tbo events in the young king's life that led up to It will no doubt bring back to thewnlnds of some of the older residents of the city the story of Eltso Ilenslor, the Springfield girl who married a king and be came the Countess Kdla. The king she married was Don Ferdinand II. of Portugal, a great grandfather of King Manuel. Ellse lived In Springfield about 60 years ago, probably for about four years. ' The Henalers were humble people and lived simply. The daughters, ISllse and Louise, wore well received here and were given a good musical education, especially Ellse, _jwhc had quite a remarkablo voice. Slgnor Guidl, an Italian, at the time a well known teacher of the voice, took an interest In Ellse and It was when Slgnor Guldl went to IJoston that the Hentilers went there, largely through his influence. He believed that Ellse had a fu turo as a singer and wished her to be where he could continue teaching Ijer. * Ellse Honsler after her removal with her family to Boston continued her studies. She was persevorant In her work and .progressed so veil that she not,,only appeared in concerts in, the large cities in this country, but also In Eu rope, where she sang before royalty. It was while singing In Lisbon several years after tho death of Queen Maria that King Ferdinand heard her voice and felt tho attraction that led him to marry her. Ferdinand was the titular king of Portugal, having been the second husband ot Queen Maria II. of 'Portugal. Ferdinand married Maria In 1836, when he was ^0. The queen died In Tbbil, &nd he was regent during th. norlty of IiIb son, Pedro V., who was I ther ef the assassinated King ~ Carlos, the grandfather ot the deposed King Manuel. The regency, ended in 1866, and on June 10, 1869, he married Miss II on si er. When the European powers decided the time had come to restore Spain to a monarchy, followlug tho overthrow of the short republic, which existed from 1872 to 1876, considerable pressure was brought to bear upon Ferdinand to Induce him to accept the vacant throne. But his wife could never be queen of Spain, and It Is possible that this fact alone Induced htm to refuse. This absolute refusal on his part to accept the throne of Spain, with all thb pomp and splendor of ro; alty In exchange for tho roman tic life that he was living with his morganatic wife, had far-reaching consequences. The com plications and Jealousies resultant on the at tempt to find a king acceptable to all the pow ers helped to bring on the Franco-Prussian war. and Alsace and Lorraine went back to Germany, whfeM* they had been wrested bj Napoleon Bonaparte. In consequence of these peculiar historical facta. Which geographically practically changed all western Europe. Ellse Hensler, Countess Edla, became famous throughout the world aa "the woman who changed the map of Europe." During the life of the king they lived in the beautiful castle of Clntra. It la certain that their Ufa was above reproach. In 18S6 the king died, and after that the oountess lived in retirement cottage near the castle. & Advertising Talks THE FIVE M'S OF BUSINESS Money, Machinery. Mitcrl*'*. Men, Merchandtfce?Men tup Mo?t Difficult Problem. By HUGH CHALMERS. The business man deal# with M's--money, materials. macblflBO. men and merchandise. It If ,10t so hard to g<<t money, tnaierlals anil ,,,u chlnery. Each of these is a 'intuitity, and with < ach and all ot^ them a given result can be accom pllshed. . . Title big thing Is to get men. - Men ure not of ;?uch certalu <iuin title# an money, materials ami ,W# chlnery. A machine will do u know" quantity of work In a known time. A infiii will i|o such work as he Is will ing and capable of doing. Men, then, are the most Important factors In the conduct of any business. Our manufacturing metho.?ls. were crude In the beginning. The. market was ready and we strlved constantly for greater perfection. Nowadays the great question 1* one of distribution, the getting of things from where they are to where they ought to bo. The two greatest factors in dlstrl button are salesmanship and adver tising. It Is useless for cities or for busi ness men to Bay they do not believe In advertising. Everyone is an adver tiser whether he wantH to be or not. Our manners, our clothes, our ap pearance, our speech, everything that we do or nay advertise us and we can not deny it. 81nce you have to advertise, why not do It right? Advertising Is noth ing but teaching people , to believe in you and your goods. Yon, for instance, are trying to teach people to believe In your city. The most important feature of all 1b to have some one whose business it Is to attend to the advertising of your fity. TI.Is is an age of publicity, and unices you keep after the people all the time they soon forgot you. You have got to keep everlastingly at it. because the bubincss of this commu nity in all of 11s 'transactions Is like h kaleidoscopic view, we see things for a moment and then tlie> pass away. I often use the word "1/Ooster," al though it is perhaps imt an elegant term, but I have seen good action come from the work of ''boosters." A "booster" Is a man who -Joes all the good he can to all the people he can as well as he can. and then trusts the rest to God. A "knocker"' Is defined as "a thinur that hangs on the outside of a door." GREATEST FORCE IN INDUSTRY Advertising Absolutely Necessary for t Building Qujcl* ?r>d Perma tffent Success, -r. Many a business hast been built quickly without advertising; many a business has been built permanently without advertising. But advertising is an absolute necessity If you want to build a successful business both quickly and permanently. Advertising Is not magic; It is not u substitute for. brains and hard work; it la not a panacea for all the ills of business; It Is not a dead certainty. Advertising IS the greatest .single force in Industry, business atid com merce today; It Is an expansive force; It la a creative force; It Is an inten sive force; 'It is an accelerating force; it Is a conserving force; it Is an Im proving force. Were It not for adver tising, we would be without many of the comforts In our homes today. We would not know so mtich about the automobile, the loose leaf ledger sys tem, tho safety razor, the vacuum cleaner, etc.; we would still be using tho old-fashioned things. **" Consistent advertising, n good stock, competent, courteous Kales ' force, and up-to-date store.methods, IsJ your hope for a permanontly success | ful business. Advertising l? like a train with a grade ahead. Make -the grade and it's easy. ? i Built Bath for Mine Mules Colliery Proprietor's Scheme W*? Appreciated by the Animal* and .^Prolonged Life and Vigor. 'Bobi? tlmo &so the proprietor of a. colliery at-Plains, ip*., which is fcao?a aa the Henry, built a bis hath tab for the mules In the company'* Af aa. 1 can't say that this was ^ ' JflfraS altogether from an altruistic do (?I;' iw*. The owners, after consulting with Ifi veterinarian* were convinced that a daily bath-woo Id prolong the Ufa and the1 vigor of the mule* which they used in the mines. At any rate, they built a btR bath about 40 feet long and something like four foet deeu. near, the entrance to the stablea. The mules are pretty tired, as you can Im agine, at the end of* a day's work. But you should see them race from the mi do entrance to the bath tub. You would think they had been out on pasturp for six months, from ths speed they show as they gallop down to the stable entrance. - - They clamber orer each otjjer In their efforts to get into the w^ter.* ? 'I'll venture to say that a horse would make a break for the stable and the stall to get the second mont of the day. If worked as hard a* one of thoko mules, and would pass by the hath. But not so with those mule*. Hungry as tbey must kfci they rush Into the bath. Some or the animals are so reluctant to leare the Vrstar that the stableman have to drlT* them ouL One old mule that has drawn a car for years, absolutely deollnes to leave the pool Inside of ten minutes. "Directly over the bath runs a per* forated pipe. When the stablemen think the mulaa hare been In the wa ter lone enough, the water la run through this pipe, and the four-leised bathers gat a flne shower bath. One of the foremen recently told me that rome of tha animals will actually point 1 ? :-ilWr- - : tlV to the shower pipe with their nones In order to call the attention of the stablepten to their desire for * show-. er bath. One evening the sUhlenMog were In eomewhet or a hurry and Lrl/jfl tQ get the mules out of the water wflH out th* shower. One anlmaO^ more de termined than the rest, refussd to be driven out, and the water was turned on to oblige .that particular mule. This saved'time, as the tenls is a pretty . difficult object even for a dosan men to handle, especially In the water."? Washington Post 5/ y f "> .-'SW Advertising as a Business As?ct. "Advertising Is not a gamble either for a business man or for a publisher, if it is the right kind; it is a IniHlneRs influence and is just an important an aBHet as is a barrel of flour or a bar rel of sugar," says J, J. Rockwell. "The taek of educating tho prospective buy er is In direct proportion to the price of the article which 1b being adver tised. The larger the price the greater .the effort that must be made if the advertisement" is to succeed. There are. both general and specific fields for advertising and, as In all other lines of human endeavor, It 1r the little things that count," Advertising an Investment. The Kansas City Advertising Club met at noon the other day for a gen* ?ral discussion of the subject, "Should Advertising Be Charged to Oeneral 'Expense or Should it He Charged as An investment?" Many business men present took an active part In the dis cusgttk It was the general opinion tftj^Wnllo advertising theoretically W?n expense, yet It really was an JHrestmont which paid big interest, - r "Advertising Dees hot fray Mel" A druggist stiTlo^me: "Advscffc tng doesn't pay for this business." i replied: "Then board up your win dows so people can't see what l? tD ihsra, take the glass out of your show cases and your sign away from lt front of your building. All Utosi ? ar* advertising." w Htnry IET ay QE< My 01 111 thle boy wcl ?ocH a ter *d stances ?eelng the unlr ed to chante their ?wn it at ?tt or? iy and at vale that tloo of tl from the How loo( men to lo?? slement about advol will about have been wai *d* matter Hov could' be and work a( gardaner exf onlone unlor In the prof tend? thi through thf^ rain. Your f apply to y< you won't it unleee you ralelng orlgl people your Ing theee lc" ionjable ex. anc| money. ?*Mlnd yoor have known up great opf the merlte cauee to hat portunlty Mme time without eaylnj Is not at her er. Ho le order man, Iowa atate f load* of rr Jarmer boys of that he paidj fair manager*" melons aw?y And he did" It But that -'.mi open and his H(_ everything to ing his buslnodf ed It. phenomoi^ hundred dollars million jiiet by *< I contend, it \ B-R A'l-N-3 and" did it. NotMngf EMERSON ON Sormonetto Fount Writing by*?? mental "Dot". J William Hugh St Diego Sun; 3?m? number of -the eU dont'8 of advertlsl raonette, the text of ?? en from Kmerson. producer ot advertU same vies aa kto w'jflfii&Oinoal j tion, "K?rr? I Don't bark the beauty "Irtcessai iTortlBlr Itnui" *6urA^?\r? not. |cotn*tttat. wQ't tlsencnta aniftv o; mat We. C\mj tb* goods, your ^ coHsantly *lb: people, ougt iUro.' ; Why shoulj they oronce to otWa? vantages ijrWir ments, ?our location Ice? Figure out.the^ and present thorn | simple and torcetul Make your story dt (Uve Instances ot U03. Quote prlww! Ktate the tacts andi _ ures ot speech, but^ tashtonBtfATM>lc niil a language alt can try to be -witty, or or .branqumt, or Ut | -vertlslngW^1 kind. Better ness. Better, b?? as you can. Be brlef^ and then stop. Emerson know tl matlon" la bound alon; bound to bnar^