The Camden chronicle. (Camden, S.C.) 1888-1981, December 06, 1901, Image 4
by the course thus required by our j
ow? ini&'ourise.
Tho uattital mine of development for'
* policy ... reciprocity will be pi con
nection wiih those o; out production*
which tut longer require all of the .?up? I
port once m w.u-il to eitub;;sh thm\ '
upon a eojmli bason, a:i 1 with thu-e
others win ; o either bevuit?o 01 ml n >1
or of ci ono..i.e cans u ?'>' are beyond i
tho reach ?.i succesaf 1 e.> n petition.
i ask the Attention or the Senate toj
tho reciprocity treat iea laid before U
' by my prodecessur.
Merchant Marine.
Tho condition of tiro American mer
chant marine in such as to call for im-'i
mediate remedial action by rhe Con
gress. It ia disero litr.bie to vs .19 a N.r
tlon that our merchant roaidn^sUouUl
bo utterly insignificant in cornparls .n
to thai of other nation* which W9
overtop in -o: her forms o f business. Wo
Bhonld not Ion;. or s .bmlt to condii ions
under which only a trlllirtg portion of
our great commerce ia carried ou our
own rhlp1.. To remedy i h ' n state of
things 'woi'ld not jr.oieiy serve to build
up our shipping ihttiests, but it would
also res? It in lene it to all who are in
terest*.! in the permanent establish
niont ot" a wider market for American
product, end would provide an aux
iliary force for tho Navy. Ships work
for their own- countries just us ii.il
'Vi nrj1f.T? yn^TTl *??.
Shipping linos, if established to tho
principal eounlrlca with which wo
have dealings, would bo of political as
well as commercial beno.'lt. From every
standpoint it la unwise for the United
States t;> cfirulnu? to rely upon Mo
- ships oT competing nations for the dis
tribution of our Rao:ls. it should ba
made a.iv.uitvonrs to carry American
goodsMn A njerlean-built ships.
At present American shipping '.s
under certain great disadvantages
when |>nt in competition with the ship
ping of foreign countries. Many of tho
flint foreign s'ermsMps. at a tipped of
fourteen knots or above, tire subsi
dized; and all our ships, sailing vessels
k and steamers alike, eai"So carries of
slow speed and mail carriers of higi
speed, have to meet the fact that the
original cost of building American
ships Is greater than la the case
abroad; that the wages paid America
officers and seamen aro very much
higher than tho*o paid tho officers and
seamen of foreign competing countries;
and that the standard of living on our
ships la far superior to tho standard
of living on the ships of our commer
cial rivals.
Our Government should take such
action as will remedy these inequali
ties. The American merchant marine
should be restored to tho ocean.
, The Gold Standard.
?'rho Act of March 14. 1900, intended
unequivocally to establish guldens tho
standard money and to maintain^ a
parity therewith all forms of mdaey
medium In use with us, ha? been shown
to be timely and judicious. The price
nf. our (Jove anient bends in tho world's
market, when compared with the price
oT similar ohllbalions Issued by other
nations, in a llatior'.ng tributo to our
public credit. This condition it Is evi
dently desirable to maintain.
In manyTCspcota ttie "National Bank
ing I^aw furnishes sufficient liberty for
tho proper exercise of tho banking
function; but there scorns to bo need
of better safeguards against tho de
ranging influence of commercial crises
and financial panics. Moreover, tho
currency of the country ' should be
mado responsive to the demands of o?:r
domestic trade and commercvo.
The collections fron) duties on im
ports and internal taxes, continue to
. ?:ceced the ordinary expenditures ot
the Givernment. thanks mainly to 'he
reduced army expenditures. Tho ut
most care should bf taken not to r?
du<*>,tho revenues 3<J' that there will be
any possibility of a deficit; but, after
providing against any such contingen
cy, means should bo adopted which
will brini the reaenucs nio$a nearly
within the limit of our actual
his report to the Congress the
tary of tle^Troas'iry. considers all -.heso
questions' length, airu I ask your at
tention to OHTTep^rt and recommen
dations.
I call strict attention to the noed of
strict economy In expcndltures.Tho fnct
that our national needs forbid us to be
niggardly In providing whatever ia ac
{tally netessnry to our well-being,
..mould malco us doubly carcful to nus
End our national resourcesf.-as each
ft us husbands his private M&ourees.
Jy scrupulous avoidance of anything
fko reckless or wasteful oxpendlturo.
only by avoidance o f spending money
on what is needless or unldstflable can
we legitimately ..cop our Income td the
nplnt required to meet our aeeda that
are genuine.
o ' Interstate Commerce.
In 1887 a measure wis enacted for
thSL. regulation ofr interstate railways,
commonly Known as tho Interstate
Commerce Act. The cardinal provis
ions of that act were that railway
rates should bo Just and reasonable
?ad that all shippers, localities, ml .
commodities should be accorded equaL
treatment. A commission was created
and endowed with what were supposed
to bo the necessary powers to execute
the-provlslons of ih!s act.
That law was largely an experiment.
Experience has shown tho wisdom of
Its purposes, but has alsa shown, pos
sibly, thai so mo of its requirements
?re wrong, certainly that tho means
devised for th*? enforcement of Its pro
visions are flefcctlvo. Those who rora
of lh? management of- the rail
ways allege that established rates arc
?ot maintained; that rebates and sim
ilar devices aro habitually resorted^ to;
thai these preference* are ttsuaUjMn
favor of Hie large shippers; that tJrty1
4 rive out of business the small' com
petitor; mt while many rates are too
taw, many others are excessive; and
tfcat trots prererfftoes aie ??<>.? ITT
ftteitai TOflPloaailUes asd coxsmoil
tim. Upon die otter bend, the rail
ways assert that the last hjr its *&?
rtHKf
rrtcrs
skiik
soo to It, that wltlliu 1U Jurisdi ction I
this is so and should provide a spivrty, .
inexpensive, and tfieclivo icme'iy to !
that eud. * At tho samo lluto it^ must '
not be forgotten thai our railways ate
the arteras throu&h which the coal ?
tnorcial lite-blood of tins nation tlo>. s. j
Nothing could ha more foolish Mian j
tho enactment of loalaluuori whieu |
would unnecessarily interfere with i ? s o
development and operation of thesoj
commercial agcncics. TUo subject .si
ono of great iniporutnco an I call* for
i ho earnest attention of tho Cong. ass.
Department of Agriculture.
Tho Department Of Agriculture i ar
lining i ho past fifteen years nas
steadily broadened its work on cn?u
omlc lines, nnd as nox omplished to
fculta of reM value in uplmihliyg do j
niestio and Ion ian trade. It has pone j
into now lit Ida until it Is now in tout h t
with all soulons of 'mm* country una
with two of tlu? island a roups tiuu
have lately cumo tinier our juris ih -
tion, wlrorfe pcoplo must look to agri
culture as a fcelih.m I. It is >;earuh
lug tho wo: Id for grains, ^ia-:
fruits, and vegetables spncialty ;.\U?d !
for introduction into localities in Oie )
several Stales and Territories v.- hero i
they may add materially t;> our re- j
sources. P.y- sclentllle attention to soil
survey and possible new crops, to J
breeding of new varieties <5f plants.!
to expo;1 iincniai sr. r-"..."'. ?
WVmary aiVd "^applied chemistry, very
practical aid baa boon given our
taiiiijn" nnd stock-growing Interacts.
The products <>f tho farm have taken
an unprecede nted place in our export I
trade during the >ear that has just,
closed.
Our Insular Possersions.
Fn Hawaii our aim must bo to <!<>
volop the territory on the traditional
American hues. Wo do not wish a
reglop of large elates tilled by
cheap labor; wo ^wjsh rt healthv
American community t'f- ' men who
themselves till the fa?a;."> they own.
All our legislation fur tho idai: is
should- bo shaped with this end in
view; the well being of tho average
home maker must afford tho true test
of the healthy development of the
Islands. The land policy should ns
nearly ns possible be modeled on our
homestead system.
It is a pleasure to say that it Is
hardly more necessary to report a 4 to j
Porto Hlco than as to any State or j
territory within our continental
limits. The island Is thriving ns never i
before, and it Is holing administered J
efficiently and honestly. Its people ,
are now onjovlng liberty and order
under the protection of tho United j
States, and upon this fact wo con- i
gratulate them* and ourselves. Their
material welfare must bo as care
fullv and joalomjlv considered ns the
welfare of anv other portion of ner
country. We have given them the
great gift of free access for their ] ro- j
ducts to tho markets of the United
States. 1 ask the attention of the Con- !
gross to tho need of legislation en-,
cernlp.g the public lands of Porto
Hlco.
j lit Cuba such progress nas neeu
! inado toward putting tlm Independent
; government of the island upon a firm
! footing that before tho present pes
sion of the Congress closes this will
be an accomplished fact. Cuba will
then start as hor own mi3trefes: and
to the beautiful Queen of the Antilles,
as slie unfol Is this now page of her
! destiny, we oxtend our heartiest
I gieetlngs and good wishes. Elsewhere
I havo discussed the question of re
ciprocity.* hi the case of Cuba, how
ever, thore are weighty reasons of
i morality and of national Interest why
] the policy should bo held to havo a
I peculiar application, p.nd I most earn
estly ask your attention to tho wis*,
tiom. Indeed to tho vital need, of pro-',]
i vlding for n subetostl^i reduction in 1
! the tariff dr. ties on Cuban imports
| into the United 3tates. Cuba has In
her constitution affirmed what we
I desired. that she should stand, in. in
j ternatlonal matters, in closer and
? more fricndlv relations with us than
with any other power; and wo are
bound by every consideration of honor
, apd expediency to pass commercial
flu ensures In tho interest of hor ma
terial well-being.
In the Philippines our problem is
larger. Thev are very rich tropical
islands, inhabited by many varying J
tribes, representing widely different '
stages of progress toward civilization.
Our earnest effort Is to help these
i people upward along the stonv an i
| difficult path that leads to self-fov-.
eminent. We hope to make our ad
ministration of tho Islands honorable
to our Nation by making it of the
hlnrhest benefit to tho Filipinos them
selves; and as an earnest of what wo
Intend to do, wo point . to what wo
have done. Already a greater meas
ure of material prosperity and of go,v
rnmental honesty and efficiency ha3
been attained in tho Philippines than
ever before in LhuU. history.
"Tt Is no light task for a nation to
achieve the temperamental qualities
without which the institutions of ftoo
government are but an empty mnclv
erv. Onr- people are now successfully
governing themselves, because for
more than a thousand years they havo
been slowlv fitting themselves, some
I times consciously somot linen uncon
sciously', toward this end. What has
t?K?n us thlrtv generations to ichlove
^4fe cannot oxpect to seo another raco
accomplish out of hand, ospeciallv
when large . portions of that race
start verv far behind the point which
our ancestors had reached even thirtv
po-neratlona ago. In dealing with the
Philippine people we must show.jbpjji
patience and - strength; forbearance
and stuwtflrtt yosolutlort. Our aim Is
hljch. We do not desire to do Tor the
tslandefft merelv what has elsewhere
been done for tropic peoplo by oven*
th best foreign governments. We hope
to do for them what baa never before
been done for anv people - of the
tropica ? to mako them .fit for nclf
government after1 tho faahlon of the
re*TTv free nations.
History ma? safelr he challenged
to show ? f.'ngle Instance ln?^bjrh
V masterful ra$e such as onra.-nariny
bee* forced by. <>t *var
To fait* possession of an alien land,
baa behaved to It* Inhabitants with
t be disinterested teal for their pro- .
M
a. To I Islan.lsi
wOaW asm that lh?v'
? wetter of
d?tr a
eitvtMng nuw.su: o of aclf govornuunt, J
oxat Li v as last as tiu-y show lliviil*
hdVcc lit in exoivisii it. Kinco the'
t ivil i'.u\ ci mm. ui \yr i est al l in i: oil noi [
an appointment IijT ! ? ;i ukUo in t!?o
islami* wall nny v t> to ioii
stuonuion of politb ai 1 11 tl i:v> u or 10
uuj,)ii else Mists tao iiu??'ss 01 i.u< mart
nu.t t ho needs of him m rvico.
L.i oar anxiety for uio wolf are und
progrgtsg of tho r)iill|>pl?08, 11 may l>o
tluft luuo and (hero wo havo gono too
tuptdly in giving them U>;al self ,'.ov
ei anient. It J.s . A tin ? : i ? * thai k.ur
v. i t?r, ii ftnyj. iia^l (jj/Si con; nun.* I. .N >
competent oWffrfvcr, sin. . ;oly de
sirous of iinduig' otii the la: ts ail I in- I
tiuoucoil only l?y u desire for tl.o Wi ! j
faro of tho natives, call assort il.ai j
we have not gona far ni.innh, \\\ '
huvo gono to the very \ergo "t' safety
in hastening tho process. To havr \
taken a tdngle stop farther or" faster :
in advance v.oul.l h^vo I <\, n f,?Hy und '
vnjliiH ss, an. i utight veil l ave Icon I
< i hue. Wo nro oxtronV l.v an vio?..
that t ho natives shall si row tf> |:^
or ?.f governing tin ii i"**' I v os. Wo ai o
anxious, lirst for tholr sa!;< an I
uoxf, hoc <!<!$? it roliov oa us oi u r,i>\u
l-urden. Theie nooil not bo tin* j?ii,rlit
i :.t fear of our not continuing to < ivo
tlu.ni. all tho liberty for wiiioh Uiev
tt'.o fit.
/? Thy only t'oar Is lost In our over
'anxioly wo ^ivo thoni ft. (}<\sroo o * i?
? "A. ?>?. wiii?*tv 'VP -y ;i'ro 1 i.
lit. thereby inviting reaction and <"! !?:
nstor. As fast as there is any yeas in
nb|r? hope that in a given ?1 ivt ?} --t t !: o
people can govern themselves. :u If
government has boon gl v in in that
t'l. ti lot. . Thcro is not a lpoality ilted
for solf-govoi linu nt which has no' re
ceived it. Hut it may well bo *hat In
< o: tain oasea it will havo to l;o wi l it
(iinwn because (ho inhabitants show
themselves unlit to excrciso it; ?uoh
msiancA's havo alioady ooonrr^l. In
otl:or words, thoro is not t!io uli^h'ovt
< h.inco of our failhi!? tn show u sufH
rioiitly hunuinltai Ian spirit. Tho <ian
l.or com o? in tho oppositn diroo.im.
Thoro avo still troublos ahoad in
I h o islands. Tho iasurrootion iian 1 <??)
001:10 an affair of local banditti ajn^lJ
luarandors. who dosorvo no hi^hor i o
yurd than tho hrigahds of portions of
tho Ohl World. l^noouraKomont. d'rort
or indiroct, to those insurroctos stands
on tho Hanio footing ns onooura:rc
niPiit to hostile Indians In tho tiavs
when wo still had Indian wars. !uv
aetly as otir aitn is to Klvo to the In
dian who remains peaceful the full.
4st and amplest consideration. ,>nt to
havo it understood that wo will show
110 weakness if ho goes om tho wur
path, no wo must make it evident, un
ions wo aro false to our own tradi
tions and to tho demands of civiliza
tion and humanity, that while we will
do everything in oiu- power for the
Filipino who is peaceful.. we will take
the sternest measures with the Fili
pino who follows (ho path of tho In
surrc. to and tho ladrone.
The heartiest praise is due to lart^e
numbers of the natives of the islands
for tholr steadfast loyalty. Tho Maoa
bebeg have" boon conspicuous for
their cftura.qo and devotion to tho fiag.
I recommend that the Secretary of
War bo empowered to take sonio sys
tematic action in tho way of aiding
those of these men who are crippled
In the service .and tho familios of
thoso who are killed.
Tho time hns conio when there
should be additional legislation for
the Philippines. Nothing better can
bo done for the Islands than to Intro
duce industrial enterprises. Nothing
would benefit them so much as throw
ing them open to Industrial develop
ment. The connection between idle
ness and tnjFchief in prdverbial, and
the opportunity to do remunerative
work is one of the surest preventives
of war. Of course no business roan
will go info tho PhllJn?>!?\?o ?\n\\f=^k
it 1*8 to his lntorest to do so; and it Is
Immensely to tho Interest of the
islands that I10 should go In. It is
therefore necessary that the* Con
gress should.. pasp/ laws by which the
iosources of tlTo islands cun bo de
veloped; so that franchises (for
limited terms of years) can bo
granted to companies doing business
in them, and every encouragement be
given to the Incoming of business
men of every k'nd.
Not to permi* this is to do a wrong
to th# Philippines. Tho franchises
must be granted and the business per
mitted onlv under regulations^ wliir h
will guarantee tho Island?) asalfint anv
kind of Improper -exploitation. Hut the
vast natural wealth of tho Islander
must developed, and the t api/al
wllligrg to\dovelop it must be ^von
the ifcpportknftfcv The field musf bo
thrmvn opef^"#) Individual enterprise,
wfiich has b^en the reial factor in the
development \pf_..pvery region r.vrtr
which our flag ha# flown. It is urgent^
ly noces8arv to enact suitable laws
dealing with gcnoral transportation,
mining, banking, currency, home
steads, and the use and .ownerahlf* of
the tflTNTit " anVT timber. These la-.vs
will give free play to industrial enter
prise; and the commercial develop
ment which will surely follow will nf
for4 to thtr peoplu oT^tlie Islands the
best proofs of the sincerity of our de
slro to aid them.
I call your attention most' earnoatly
to tho" crying need of a qable to
Hawaii and tho Philippines, to be con
tinued from tho Philippines to points
in Asia. Wo should not defer a day
longor than necessary the construc
tion of sucli a cable, it is demauded
not merely for commercial bnt for
political and military considerations.
Hither the Congress shou!% imme
diately provide for tho construction
of a government cable,' <Jr elao an ar- 1
rangement should be made by which
like advantages io those accruing
from a go^rnment cable may be
secured to fno government by contract
with a private cable company.
No single great material work
which remains to be undertaken on
this continent Is of sncb consequence
to the Amorican people a$ tho build'
log of a f tfnal across the Isthmus con*,
nectlng North and South America.
Its* Importance to the Nation Is by
no means limited merely to Its ma
terial effects upon our business pros
T>?rlty ; and yet with view to these ef
fects -upon our business prosperity:
and vet with r)ew to these effects
alone) It would he to ..the laai. degree
important for us Immediately to be
Hi ft. While its beueflcial effects
wptild perfcftpe be aod marked upon
the ParWc Coast and the On If a?f
flMth Attastte mam, itwwum h*>
jPittlr bum fttir mtWi. it te
Miphkiliwilly a uhfck trft for
tte Juter^t ef eadre oeuutiy to
which calr ? astka jQaa Mder
t^Vi' with prospects of success, an. I
\yli Icli w licit done itt u not only po. ie i
nM?? as.><-Wi In t !??* nations tu i i>. i;il
interests, but statisliu.^ luuiiuau nu to
iu coio>mu ii>c unitity.
I aht ftiad to bo ublo to nntyoun.c
to you Ui.ti our iu'i;<>ii:wh>ns on i trt*
subject with Great tlii.ian, eonlm ei
on Doth sides in a ts i> i :x i of iri.illi
iks a ami mutual ipjod will au?l i*' j
b poet, have resulted in my lit* in:; al l'' t
to lay b? lore the Semite a treat.
whic h i! raliiie.l will enable us u> le I
>mii pit-pa- atioiis for wn ? Irlhini.ui j
< anal at any time, ami whieh t;.i,ir;i i |
tees to thus Nation e\er\ ii*.ht il
I. as ever asked in t niitit t (U>n with
tlu' eunal. In this tiefl'tv. the old *'u.
tondiuiwer treaty, ko loitf: ivco..ii .< I
a* ina. (equate to supply the ha ,o lor
the eom inuiian arid uiaiiu? r. un e ot
a ?te> essarlly Aitle.ieaU ship tan.il. is
| ahrnjrate ?.!. It speeilh all> piM.i l
that the I nlod Stales alone 'hall d'>
| (h? work ot' taihhii.'.; ;t i I ? ! a>sMtjie the
r< sponsibilitv of ! :ile.:? irdiii,; the
! tail. .1 and .-hall r? U.o us neiniai
! ia-j ?/ il>" ' S
Our N.fvy,
? The triK,> ? n.l of ? ur.v jve.il r?n !
I free people si. . el l le r.olf respv. t in
: P'. ae; aiel this Nation 1.1 st nruonilv
< 1 * i ! oh sincere aie.l cordial friendship
with all others. Over the entire vo I.
of recent years, wars between the
prcat ? iv;!i/ed powi :s have ^"nime
' less and les-.s frciiucnl. Warn with bar
barous or semi harl arous peoples
conic in an entirely different category.
! Li in;; inerelv a most regrettable 1 lit
ne< essary intoi nai loitiil poli< e diitv
whieh must lie pvrfoin:cd tor the sake
[of Hie welfare :>f mankind. l'ea?e < an
I oi.lv he Kept with cert'lintv whore
J both sides wish to keep it; buf ??i<?ve
and more thn civilized peoples are }o
i all/Inn the wicked folly of war and n:e
attaining that condition of just nji I
j In 'oil Ik* nt regard for the rights of
ot h ore which will in the end. ns wo
hope anil believe, make world wide
I peace possible. The prace eonfercn e
jat The 11 at; ue pave d( finite exprcs
i sion to this hope r,j\ n 1 belief an1
j marked a stride toward their attain
! incut.
j Tills sanio peace conference ac
quiesced in our statement of the Mon
; ioc l)octrin<j an compatible with the
; purposes and alms of the confenn< o.
| Tho Motjvoo Doctrine should bo tlx;
j cardinal feature of tho foreign nolley
! of all the nations of the two Americas,
as it is of tho United Stktes. Just
seventy-eight years have passed rime
i President Monroe in his annual ir.es
i suge announced that "The American
j continents are henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for future
1 ? ionization by any European power."
In other words, the Monroe Doctrine
j Is a declaration that there must be no
! territorial aggrandizement by i>nv
j non-American power at the expense
: of any American power on American
i Foil. It Is in no wise Intended as
j hostile -to any nation in the Old
| World. Still ,less is It. intended to
give cover to any aggression by one
j New World power at tho expense cf
I any othOr. It Is simply a step, and a
i long step, toward assuring the uni
versal peace of the world by secur
ing the possibility of permanent peace
on this hemisphere.
During the past century other In
! fluences Juive established the pt r
! manencc and independence of the
[ smaller states of Europe. Through the
! Monroe Doctrine we hope to be able
! to safeguard like Independence ai.d
secure like pe^manonce for the lesser
f amonK tho New World nations,
j This doctrine has nothing to do with
' the commercial relations of nnv Amer
i lean power, Bave that it in truth al
I lows each of them to form such an
1 It desires. In other words; -ft Is really
a gunrantv of the commercial inde
pendence of the Americas. We do not
: ask under this doctrine for anv ox
i elusive commercial dealings with anv
other American state. We do not
' guarantee anv state against punish
I ment if It misconducts Itself, pr?>\ bl
ed that punishment does not take the
, form of tho acquisition of territory
I by any non-American power.
i Our attltudo In Cuba Is a sufficient
f guaranty of our own good faith. We
! have not the slightest desire to secure
ny territory at the expense of nnv
pt ^ oiiy?jjelghhors. We wish to work
, with them ?hand in hand, so that all of
, us may l)e uplifted together, and we
j rejoice over the good fortune of nnv
of them, we gladlv hail their material
prosperity ami political utabllltv, ap-l
^arg^ concerned and alarmed If anv '
them fall li;to Industrial or pollfl
j chaos. We do not whsh to see anv
j World military power grow up on
J conti.nffut.-or .to he compelled tf
i come a military power ourselves.
The peoples of the Americas can pros
per best If left to work out their own
salvation In their ownL.way..
The work of upbuilding the Navy
must bo steadily continued. No unc
point of our pollry. foreign or domes
tic, Is more Important than this to ?>?<?
honor and material welfare, nnd above
all to tho peace, of our Nation In the
future. Whether we desire -U or not. we
must henceforth recognize that wo
.have International duties no Irs*. than
international rights. Even if our flag
were hauled down In the Philippines
and Porto Rico. cvenjf we decided n?H
to btilld the Ithmlan f*Thit. we should
a thowmghty trained Nary of ad
equate slzo. or else be prepared defi
nitely and for all time to abandon the
idea that otfr Nation Is among those
whose s&ns go down to the sea In ships.
Unlesrtour comraercc Is always to be
carrl^T In foreign bottoms. WiK^ronst
have war craft to protect It. ^ -
Inasmuch, however, as the American
people have no thought of abTnfloirng
the path upon whl^h they have entered,
and especially In ,*:?? of the fact that
the building of the Isthmian Canal la
, fast becoming one of the.m?t(era j*aleb.|.
[ the whole people ara' trnited In do
m ending. It le Imperitfre that our Na
vy should be put end fcept la the high*
eet state of emdenez,Jlli-jehmii4 - be
made to answsr to onnffrowiag nfeds.
i So farironrbelac la a provo
cation to wa* an adeqtfata and highly
i^ttalaed navy le the beat *o*rantyi
against war. the cbeapet and mo* t of- 1
feetlve paacs taaareoee. Th? coetof {
ill itlfttiHtu scab a aeey '
ita the Tery ttgfcteet yreatfaaa
anas pi 4m abiib tfeia HmIor
ft elSyaotthec great
* ?? ' -
? ? . . -
--
world l?'*\ *1i\Un:.s for peaeo as wo
.iii". The: a -i> not a bijij'.lt* civil tuotl
power which li^s anything w It :* t ?? v >**" 10
l?Mr from aggress vness on our put.
Ml we want is j i t. r, .111,1 toward t't s
end wo \\ i.-di u> be ah - (o secure tile
st'iii' re.<p\ t ! : oar u It is from oth i .-i
which aii' t.t..r; tttul anxious to r*
te:i.| to t!uir rights in iciurn, to insure
fair n ea< nn lit to n.s ; omnu iv ally . ar.-l
guarantee t J. *? safety of ll\o Ameri
can people.
Tho Monroo Doctrine.
( > m r 1 1 inu n.ls to abide by 1 1
Monroe l'oftriitf and to insist upon it
:s t!i" out* fine means of .sertirinsvLlu'
1 <? ft* o: t : e \\ ? stei n lleni. sphere. 1 ho
\ i \ v nf.'i- : ;? tis i h c (inly in his of ma w
m . n the Monroe
hut a sab. < ft v ? r th -
ii. ii ion choose* i o
s i ! vi the pea o wit" It
to
hi:
\ y offe: ;? us t !i
nur insis. iTa i
. n \ . h in?
\\ !:ati \
st Wet'
Of lie.ht
?t r
n v to l!
I.' i t s
n e !
n
| e.lt
the
? in;
n
\Y .
Me t<
Imp
?ii;:
jest :n t?
I on let'.i s
and tho
.V V
>v > a n
?JlipS lll<? t
etl long in
II". t t o
war l't
h<: It ami the n en ti a.:
nee,
ile awartMhg the fullest honor io
who i ;.inll> commaa Ic I ,'iHd.
? 1 ? ?> t"fi o
^PJTnish !??? i f ?:?? . s n the I'iulippU' a
a ad in Cuba. \w mrsf rot forget tiiat
an e.junl meed el* pralrc belt. iuih (o
hose without whom neither blow eould
li.ive I a atrucii.
Tho Naval Militia fore's are >\t'i;o
on: animal hois, mii I ai t- traine I for ? vis'
. i r\ re, ami in e vent t?f war they will
?ii 1 1 tut.e the inner lii>j? of tie. n ?\
'I hey shoitl I re.'eiv ? lioaVty eneour.igo
t.:it f :;>?m t!ie <!oheral CloveiJiinta..
Hut in additi n we should at oil e
1 ? < \ I <! (* frr a National Naval lJe*"Ve
. . : t!iive<l and tiained under the Jlroo
? t ii of the Navy Pepart inei.t . and l?
t to the call of llic Chief Kiootulv.*
whenever war become* imminent. It
i-houltl he a real auxiliary to the naval
?; ';oini; peaee establishment , and offer
:i ."terial to be drawn on at once for
manning our ships in time of war^lt
should I c com nosed of gradunto|
Naval Aeatleiny, ftradiuV
val Militia, officers av ?
line steamer#,
fishing vessels
gether with the
such centers as
1 i{?ll t * llOUtfPH.
Tho American
build antl maintai
or cU'o make up tli
tt> accept a secondary'
national affairs, not n
tint in commercial, ma
well slid that there Is i
eq.uitlng national dlsastVr than to b?
"oifulont, aKjci essive, and unarmed, '
It Is not necessary to Increase our
Army beyond its present size at this
time, llut it is necessary to keep it at
tse hl/'hest point of efficiency. Th.> in
dividual units, who as officers and en
listed men compose this Army, are, we
have rood reason to believe, at least us
e^fieient ns those of ony other army In
the. entire world. It is our duty to y'ee
that their training Is of a kind to In
sure the highest possible expression i.f
power to these units when acting In
combination.
finitely
iiiitn
11 1 leal.
?jT asimuH
pr way of
The con clt lions or modern wnr aro
snrh as to make nn Infinitely heavier
demand than ever before upon the Indi
vidual character nnd capacity of the
officer nnd the enlisted ' man, and to
make It far more difficult for nun to
art together with effect. At presj
fighting must he done
ordrr. which moans thaL
must act for hifrFeii nnd
t i m ?? net in eombinniioj*/1
with whom he it? no longel
fashioned elhow-to-elhow
such conditions a few men of
est excellence aro worth mt
many men without tha npeel
which Is only found ?s $>>
special Iralnlrrfc applied to
ceptlonnl physique and
nowadays the most valuaoi
man and the most difficult
Is the rifleman who is also
and daring rider.
A great debt in owing from
lie to the orcn of the Army an?
They should he so treated as t<
them to'rrtch the highest point
ficiency, so Mint they may bo atj
respond Instantly to any demand
upon them to sustain the Interel
the Nation and the honor of thel
The Individual American enlisted
lft probably on the w.hole a ulorc
itTnble fighting man than the regulai
any Hj.her army. Kvery consideratl
shouldHje shown him, nnd In return tl
highest Standard of usefulness' sl.oul!
be exactcd from him. It la well wortl
While for the Congress to. consider*
whether the pay of enlisted men upon
second and subsequent enlistment*
should not be increased to correspond
with the Increased value of the veteran
soldier.
Volunteer Soldiery,
No other cltir-on deserve so well of
th? Republic as the vetei?*tiCthe sur
vivors of those who say^d the Union.
They did the one deed jjrhlch if left un
done would have meaSt that all else
In our history went for nothing. But
for their steadfast prowess in the
greatest crisis of our history, all our
annals would be meaningless, and ourJ
great experiment In popular freedom 1
and self-government a gloomy failure.
Moreover, they no{ only left us a united i
N i ii>j n . but they left us atao aa a.berjkf
tafe the memory of th e^rngfiTy" deeds '
by which the Nation was kept united.
We aro now Indeed one Nation, on% in
fact as well as In name; we are united
in our devitlon to the flag which It the
symbol of national greatness and uni
ty: and- the very completeness of our"
union enables us *11, lp ever? part of
the country, to glory la, the valor
shown alike by the sortr'of the North
epd the gaas-of the flout hla the UuHTI
that tried men's touts.
CMI Service, y
The merit system of miking appoint- i
meati Ufa Iti es>ene~ " '
sad Americas mm the
system itself. It simply i
dories!
duties sre W*
* wXi?
?ir>
iloubtcdly 3
Thou* ui\M
will lea cM
not U> a;w
f>;rj by >'?
wlu'Vi* uim
though mLt
IK-SI |>UMIU ai> .llTTT?T-n?>,-?
lOiV U'i Ulla.
'I he Consular Service.
Tin* onmular service Is now organi
se I uml t ho provi <K as; of a law paoj
ft ill Waall li v'MlMf'ly inadequate
to cxfjr :ii>; o.mdi unis. Tho lnt>nwt
shown by s? many > oannerelal, h'xlioo
* >i : v ii<^h.>ut till' t ouchy in (ho reorgan
isation of tho .s.orvue U heartily com
mended in your attention, So. vorak
h lis pr vidiny, for a n >v consular sor
v i ft* have la <#eci 'it .w'ais ho. u' tinhmit
tcd to the Congress 'j hi y are U;v30(k !
t:(. >n t lie uist prl ?t.-i;>h> thai appoint- ,
u,i nis t ? tho .-t'l vi ?> ishould ho mauo
. ily ;if:< r :i prnoi I c .1 1 ion: of tho oppll*
*:U * lita.'s that pio. notions should!
l>" i- )\i ri ril hy t rii:' t wort h i ijciUJ, ndap-- ;
lahihtv, jijitl v al in tho performance of,
<!niy, ami that *bo tin it re of .o.'lice
I, > . ! .1 not ho uuailVcU'd by parMJiiT,
.? ?. ... tlvi at i .iiH. (1
St. Louis Hxposition. h
I h. .ijVM'i tho most ro' ilial suoportB
in", i tho i' a ? and
j Jj.. >:> ' z.7 ?-?**? srTon ?v tVm n\ -iIh'
i, '' Hi.' One UiuuluMlt h Annftp^riarlu
of th- 1 .on l si ma purchase. Tola !>Uft,
tho tin it* at Instance o;' o
oh
pans "ij in our "history. It definite!
(i < iloil that wo we:e t t beromo a jjreal"
cohtln.'alal it public. by I'm* tiro forols
on ?:t i ow< r in t iso Western Htnnis->
pheje. it iH.uno ? t" throe or four , 'treat.,
.1 i i.lavn i.s 'in our history? tho t'.reat
tufiiiu^' po nln in our development. It
is t nmi' Mtly lifting that all our people
should jo h with heartiest good wIM m
cri'-^n-.oint-rallJiK it, and the eltlzoaa of
St Louis, of Missouri, of ail tho rlja~*
c'rit iti'ion. are entitled to ovory ajd
in making tho o lehratlon n noteworthy
event In our aunnji. VVe c:\rnstftly
hope that forolgn nations will appreci
ate ^be doop interest our country takes
la this Imposition, .and our vlovr of
it,? importance from bvery standpoint,
and that they will >partlcipato In suc.ur
ing its success. Tho Nail-anal CJovorU'
ment should ho'feprwjontcd by a Cult
and complete net of exhibits.
The Charleston Exposition.
ffhe people of Charleston, with (?^at
energy and elvlc* spirit, are e-arryvig
ion an Exposition which will oontlnue
Ithroughont myst of the present bo.wIobi
? f tho Congrona. I heartily recommaud
this Exposition to the Rtiod will of . the
people. It deserves nil the ene.oura.go
ment that can he Riven It. Tho mma
ger? of tho Charleston Exposition ff?\v?
reouested Hie enhlnot ofllcora to , lac#
therent the Government whi(^i
-have?been at Uurfnlo, promlo'ng to par
tho neooKsiry expenses. I have tak^i*
the responsibility of directing, that thia
i?e done, for ! feel that It is flu* to
Charleston io help her In hor pral*o
worthy effort. In tny opinion tb?
management should not ho required ti>
pay all these expenses. I earnestly re
commend that the ConsreM appropri
ate at onen the small sum necessary for
this purpose.
Postal Affnlrs.
The remarkable growth of tho pos
sorvlee Is shown in the fact that
revenues have doubled and Its 6x
pcijidltures have nearly doubled wl'.h
In Jwelve -jMMyrs. Its progresalvo de
velopm^t compels constantly Ineroas
Ing outlay, but In this period of busl-.
ness energy and prosperity Its receipts
grow so much faster than its expenses
that tho annual deficit has been stead
ily reduced from 111. 411, 779 in 18^7 to
$3,923,727 In 1901. Among tho .rocent
l^j^vanees the success of "Ufa!,
1|*y wherever estaljllshed f\fi?
^?Yrt?ed iliut: ana actual ex
made Hn benefits ao plain
V-. nand for its extension to
?r*ent. ? " ' .
tho great agricultural
-uld share In tho Ira
- service. Tho number
m<W qsow In operation is 0r*
" i H established wHhln
there ara 6.000 apipl
action, it ?? exi ,
tn operath?? atl/ths
nt fls cat??.y?w' will
v ill will Jthen*be dally
fe. s of B. 700.000 of our
'\ % cretofora been do-.
\ Ati offices. ?ad ono
V-_^0*T ?Mon of tho country,
? ~ ; w It will bo covered
'V .v
" wT ^ growth of our
** \ on tho Pacific,
Mna must bo ot
cern t0 u#*
9 he aottlemenU
."6 out of tfce wr
_na ot/ 1900.
* J?I?t BOl#_
?V rBpra38"nii
' In Decern- ?
pted by tho'
protracted
ieve^r^SKT:. iSfSST
protocol wltW^lC ** plenlpoten
tlariee on the^r^W' leat Oeptetnbar.
setting forth thV measures >t^e% by
China In compliance with the demands
of the Joint note, and
satisfaction therewith. It wlU *>?
before the Congress.
the plenipotentiary on behalf tf Jh*
United States. Mr. William Wqodrlll}
Hock hill, to whom high
for the tact, good Judgment, -
Ky be has displayed in perj
excsptrosally difficult ??
task.
\ Conclumion.
The death of Queen Victor!^ eatiaed
the people or the United States. 4c?|>T
and heartfelt sorrow, to which ttm
Gorornment save fall sxpnuDM.
When Preaidenr McKfnley dlad, </ur.
Nation In torn received frofc a?tnr
ipjanif or the BrUIah Empire -
atom of grief and eynpathjr WMiftK.
cere, The de^thof tbe Emprnae Dowa
ger t)p?dtftek of Qermeiif |yn tnjfnf
-me ttruTae ^lnpat) i- of t^M|Ai:
paophr, and ihfe^eympathf ?m Wmr
ally reciprocated by OertM? fffrj? tigj
rrtaldent wae innigim lliriit
rWta. eVcTT Quarter of Ite iKjllWi
A PECULIAR CA
uowil Y UUllg \V ll
j sued ond Co Jh
1 ? great ex^tc
>y. D\iiiUK
*\ce K. E
uuleil
\o wa
\ 12
.'rrv. (O
ol und \%j
(Mima
moat of
r. UabU
a out,r (
\ in airy
r hundrpt
ie ticetnif
- were.
aking^otK
MtfA>pc(V 11
bullet (h
him in t
Mr. I3abt
rolled SUM
and aa 11
e party ro
Uloofthi
inn^n'TTift
>uso, Mr.
The daze<
way to H
him. Civ
a to And t
vhlto mati
could g'n
\ would n
is partn(
v neigh
*guna
* vn
' t<