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Utah Town Recalls Pony Express of Pioneer Days Famous Link in Early East West Mail Route Washington. ? "Ibapah, sun-blistered town In Utah's Deep Creek valley, re cently turned back the pages of 70 years' history and dedicated a shaft marking the location of the I'ony ex press station "which was the forerunner of th.e town. The village, home of 213 residents, lies at the edge of a desert, about five miles east al_the Utah-Ne vada boundary. t). _ : "This 'station' wa?.one..of the 15K) es tablished between St.' Joseph, Mo., ami San Francisco, Calif., In an effort to cut in' half the time neeensaM com municate between the e:is? >>id west coasts of the United States," .<uys tin? National Geographic society. "It was in this region that Indians, by frequent attacks, nearly caused the abandon ment of the I'ony express within two months after It was established. Inaugurated In 1860. >, "By 1800 the outside edges of the continent had been colonized and white men's activities penetrated Inland from the east as far as the Missouri river. But between 'Saint Jo' and San Fran cisco lay a forbidding 1,000-mile ex panse ? Indian Infested plains of Kan sas and Nebraska, mountains of Colo rado and Wyoming, and deserts of Utah and Nevada. At that time, men generally linked the two Jagged edges of the nation by a circuitous 28-day route ? sailing from New York to Pan ama, traveling by mule train across the Isthmus, then taking ship to San Fran cisco. "But the nation was growing. Men in the west sought closer contact with those In the east. So was born the Pony express to brave the wilds of the direct route, St. Joseph to San Fran cisco. "On April 3, 1S00, all whs ready for a simultaneous start from the two ends of the line. From the east Into St. Joseph puffed a railway train bearing speclql mall bags from New York. A waiting rider transferred tlieni to Ills saddle and sped away to the west. For ten days and nights thereafter, horses' hoofs pounded constantly over the trail ? now quietly In soft sands, now clat tering across stony mountain passes, now echoing through deep canyons ? until the mall arrived in San Francisco. It was done In a little over ten days. The next trip took two weeks, but later several trips were made in nine days. "That same April 3, mall from San Francisco started eastward, going to Sacramento by boat. There a daring rider tightened his saddle girths, strapped on the pouches, and was off. He covered the first 20 miles in 59 minutes, traveled 55 miles farther and relayed/ the bags to a waiting rider. The second rode past the summit of the Sierra Nevadas, where the next ' man took up the ride. The first three men covered n total distance of 185 mikes, part of which was through 30 feet of snow ; they did It In 15 hours and 20 minutest From there Ave others followed one another, galloping through Ruby valley, Deep Creek val- I ley, llush valley, and Camp Floyd to Salt Lake City. Eastward from the Mormon settlement the mall was hur ried to Saint Joseph, where the town went wild with excitement over the successful undertaking. "Incredible as It may seem, the quickest time ever made by the Pony express was In winter weather. The document transmitted was President Lincoln's Inaugural message of March 4, 1SG1. It was borne over '2,000 miles In seven days and 17 hours, said to be the fastest long distance horseback rid ing ever done. Five Dollars Per Letter. "To maintain the speed of nearly 250 miles a day, there could bo no excess weight carried. Preference was given to riders light as Jockeys whose en durance and bravery were unques tioned. Their pouches were small, a bundle containing hundreds of com munications often being no larger than an ordinary writing pad. Each letter was written on the thinnest tissue paper ? and for Its transportation across the continent, five dollars was paid In advance. The large newspa pers of the country furnished much of the business. "A rider's safety rested largely with his wits. To keep down weight', he car ried generally only a revolver and a knife. Ho frequently relied on his fleet-footed pony to outdistance his pur users. Usually this could be done, un less, as happened sometimes, both rider and horse were pressed into double duty when the rider of the next stretch had been killed or Injured." Farmer* Cheering as Bug Fights Bug Medford, Ore. ? Oregon orchard Ists are hopeful that the law of na ture, survival of the fittest, will rid pear and apple trees of moths. Larvae paraBltes have been lib erated In orchards In this district by entomologists. The parasite, a black, four winged, wasp-like Insect, lays Its eggs In codling moth eggs. The egg hatches quickly and the grub enters the body of the young cod ling moth worm before It leaves Its own egg. Codling moths lay their eggs on apple or pear blossoms. The eggs hatch, with the worms eating Into the growing fruit. Specialist Says Hair Is Link of Man to Plants Chicago. ? Experiments through which he hopes to prove an evolution ary theory that the hair Is a "missing link," which will show that animal Mfe developed from plants, are being made by Paul A. Thomas, noted scalp spe cialist. "Outward similarities in the func tions and characteristics of the hair and plant foliage are remarkably nu merous," Thomas said. "Similarities in the tiny tissue cells of human and nnlmal hair and the foliage of some plants are equally striking. "As foliage forms on the top of vege tables, In the air and light, the hair of man and animals grows on the part most exposed to the elements." Thomas said that numerous tests have shown that the growth and devel opment of hair and foliage are affected very much the same by the seasons and climate. Cross of Eucharistic Congress Around tills great white cross und thousands of Roman Catholics from all outdoor ceremonies of the thirty-second altar, erected in Buenos Aires, many parts of the world gathered for the Eucharlstic congress. Say Indians Threaten Last of Bald Eagles <? ? . Extinction Feared by Cornell University Expert. Ithaca, N. Y. ? The threatened extinc tion of bald eagleB by Indians who use the wings nnd tails of the birds for commercial purposes was declared n possibility by Dr. (Jeorge N. Sutton, curator of birds at Cornell university, who has Just returned from an expe dition to the British Columbian wilds. Doctor Sutton, who was accoinpn nled by John Bonner Semple of Se. wlckley. Pa., the financial sponsor of the expedition, reports that Knights In let. British Columbia, Is an amazing rendezvous for bald eagles. While eagles are common along the entire British Columbia coart, there Is a much h?*vler concentration nt this spot. The Indians have been UlllinR Inrge numbers of them. They sell the Sea Lion Delays Train; Engineer Is Used to It Santa Ana, Calif. ? Flapping sedately along the cross-ties, a sea lion held up a northbound Southern Pacific local several minutes. I.. A. Klterer, engi neer, was warned of the sea lion's presence as he approached San Cle mente. He sighted It, a few miles north, sidling up the track nnd occa sionally rearing Its head to bark at motorists on a nearby highway. Re peated hoots from the whistle finally moved the sea lion off the tracks. loit erer's train had been delayed before, once by nn elephant, and snother time by an ostrich. Indian Tapestry Tells of Custer's Last Fight Miles City, Montr?1 The most nnusVial description of the Ouster masaacre, which occurred near here, Is In the possession of Chief One Bull, nephew -of Sitting Bull, Ouster's nemesis. Now In his eighties, One Bull bas -completed weaving In cloth the com plete story of the massacre. One-Bull visited her*, recently and explained that he wore the tapestry because he was unable to spesk enough English to answer many queries he re ?etred abont the hsttle In which he participated. It:" wings and tails to the plains Indians at $1 a wing and 50 cents a tall. "Such destruction of eagles, which obviously Is by this time a more or less commercial enterprise," said Doc tor Sutton, "should stop In spite of the fart that eagles are reputed to kill ducks of several species In British Co lumbian waterri. "Kven more alarming to us," ho con tinued, "was the report concerning the killing of trumpeter swans In the same region. On good authority, we learned that the Indians were killing these mag nlflcent and exceedingly rnre birds wantonly. We spoke to n man In Port Hardy, Vancouver Island, who had him self seen a pile of sixty trumpeter swans killed within a short time. "We questioned our Informant close ly and there was little doubt that the birds were the large trumpeters, and not the smaller, much commoner whistlers." ENVOY FROM EGYPT This In n studio portrait of Hon. Ibrithlra Ratlb, tho new Kgyptlan min uter to the United State*. Site of Patriot's Burial Found, Solving Mystery Philadelphia. ? The mystery of where Francis Hopklnson, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, was burled, has been solved. Rones unearthed In the graveyard of the old Christ church here last De cember are those of Hopklnson, It has been revealed by Dr. Oscar V. Ratson, professor of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania. "The probable height, weight and age of the man whose bones these are and the profile of the skull all accord with what Is known about the Revolu tionary war patriot's stature and looks at the time of his deeth In 1791," Doc tor Rntnon said. The bones were unearthed when Dr. Charles Penrose Keith, of the church vestry, obtained permission to dig In a plot where the body of Elizabeth Conde, Hopklneon's daughter, was burled. The digging led to the skel eton of a man. Other Revolutionary war heroes bur led In the old Christ church cemetery are Renjamln Franklin, Dr. Renjamln Rush, Oeorge Ross and Joseph Hewes, all signers of the Declaration of In dependence, Hopklnson was born In Philadelphia In 1757. He was the first wtudent ever enrolled In the College of Phila delphia, now the University of Penn sylvanla. French Writer Declares Gorilla Much Maligned Paris.- ? In a I'arlR review, Andrn Demalson, Fren<4i writer and author- I Ity on the subject of African wild beasts, declares that the gorilla has been much maligned in literature. Instead of being the ferocious, chest beating terror of the Jungle that It Is often depleted, M. Demalson says that the natives of Africa regard It as a beast of calm and peaceful tempera ment, and that they are not as a rule frightened by the presence of a goril la. Its terrific muscular strength and the fact that It is given to fits of violent rnge are responsible for Its reputation. The gorilla, say* M. Demalson, lives quietly with Its family. It eats fruits and tender leaves and destroys wlda areas of vegetation In the search of food, and for that reason Is ohllg*) to keep traveling. PICCARDS SOAR TO TEN MILES' HEIGHT Two Stratosphere Explorers Land in Ohio. Cadiz, Ohio. ? Another seclentltlc ex cursion into the' stratosphere ended when the huge balloon of Professor Jean and Mrs. Jeanette IMccard landed In a treetop on n farm four miles west o. here. It had been aloft eight noi;rs during which it is believed to have ascended to a height of ten miles. Neither of the balloonlsts was In jured in the abrupt landing. The GOO, OOli cubic foot bag was only slightly damaged and the Piccards' scientific instruments were not believed to have been harmed. The comely Mrs. I'lccard, who Is the only licensed woman balloon pilot in the United States, asserted that the 11 1 glu was a success. She said they came down because tbey had accom plished the purpose of their mysteri ous cosmic rays, and not to make an altitude record. She added, however, that the balloon was beginning to lose its buoyancy be cause of the decreasing penetration power of the sun's rays. "We did not know where we were." she said. "We had no radio communi cation of any kind after 8 a. m. Our last radio contact was with the Detroit airport by short wave. 'We were not cold at any time. The sun was shining brightly al' of the time. We saw notnlng of the earth until we landed." The Isolated farm of John Fulton on which they lnnded Is in an inac cessible hilly district about <r>0 miles west of the Appalachian mountains. At one time during the flight it had been feared that the bag might drift out over the Atlantic, and attempts were made by short wave radio to warn the balloonists of this hazard. Hundreds of farmers and hill folks, aroused by the curiosity of viewing the descent of a gas-filled bag as large as a big office building, rushed to the scene of the landing. For about an hour all attempts to reach the region by telephone proved futile, for all had left their homes. The rather unceremonious landing of the balloon corresponded somewhat to the beginning of the (light early In the morning at Detroit. P>efore a crowd of nearly 4ii,000 persons, Including Henry Ford, who assembled at the Ford airport, it appeared for a mo ment that the flight might end imme diately after It started. The big bag moved sluggishly up ward. pulling the silvery gondola after it but only a few feet above the ground. The spectators' cheers were stilled ns the heavy, dangling gondola swept to ward a line of automobiles and a fringe of trees. Then Mrs. IMceard proved her skill by quickly releasing HO pounds of lead ballast to enable the bag to clear the branches. It did clear the cars and trees i,y a narrow margin and then began Its majestic rise. It made the perilous trip across I.ake Erie without Incident and in about three hours was sighted over Sandus ky, Ohio, drifting eastward. Shortly before noon it was seen over Cleveland and half an hour Inter over Akron. The balloon was believed to have been about 40,000 feet up when it was sight ed over the latter two cities from an airplane that had ascended 14,000 feet. Three Youths Confess Kidnaping Bank Teller Redwood City, Calif. ? A confession to kidnaping a San Francisco bank teller was attributed to three youths by District Attorney Harold Anderson, who said the ransom plot was frustrat ed when the victim bolted after a wild motor car ride. The kidnaping was kept secret pond Ing investigation, officers said The victim was Wesley Strong and the youths are Thomas Hogan. nineteen, Archie Rlgazzl, sixteen, and Machie Mendola, sixteen. Burning Store Fires Volley at Firemen Muskogee, Okia. ? Firemen attempt Ing to save Monte Duke's second ban 1 store at Checotah were driven back by a fusillade of bullets. Duke had a large collection of fire arms, many antiques and stocks of ammunition. About the time firemei. laid their hose the bullets started firing. # The loss was set at $18,000. Sentenced in Jail Rreitk Parsons, Kan. ? James Taylor, eight eon, and Mlllikan Watson, sixteen, both of Detroit, who escaped several week ago from the I.ahefte county Jail In Oswego, Knn., and were recaptured, pleaded guilty to charges of Jail-break ing and sentenced to not more than three yenrs In the state reformatory at Hutchinson. Cr?T?l FkII Kill. Roy* Wilkes Rarre, Pa. -Fifteen hundred tons of anthracite and gravel, toppling no feet, snuffed on t the lives of three Plains township boys culling coal for use by their Impoverished parents dur Ing the winter. Illinoitan Strickcn in Rio Rio Janeiro, Brazil. ? The liner Ma >lo sailed foi Han Francisco, leaving ehlnd Josephine Stelnberger of Dur* and, III., n passenger, who was taken ill with double pneumonia. JESSE H. JONES .Jesse H. Junes, chairman of the Re construction Finance corporation, told the American Hankers' association, In convention in Washington, that the hanks must expand their loans, even though that might mean inability to pay all depositors on the line In case ; of a run. BRITISH PAIR WIN GREAT AIR DERBY England to Melbourne Time Much Reduced. Melbourne, Australia. ? Two exhaust ed Kngltehmen landed their monoplane here to end one of the most astounding (lights in history. Charles \V. A. Scott, thirty one, and his partner. Tom Campbell Black, thir ty five, won the S.'rf'.tKHi speed race from London to Melbourne, and in di> ing so. set a new record for long-dis tance flights. In a drizzling rain their Comet plane crossed the finish line at H :.'??} p. m., 7U hours 5b minutes and fit) seconds out of Mildenhall airdrome, Kngland. The winners cut by more than two thirds the record for a tliulit to Aus tralia. Scott and Black, former Brit ish army and navy flyers, respectively, I averaged 17G.r> miles an hour dying time and 100 miles an hour for total elapsed time. They used a British plane (De Havlland Comet with a Gipsy VI motor). Two American airplanes finished sec ond and third, both nearly a day hlnd Scott and Black. K. D, Parmentler and .1. J. Moll, j Dutch pilots, guided their Douglas DC-2 transport plane, with three pas sengers, a radio operator, mechanic, and cargo of mail, across the chalk finish line at Flemlngton race course at 10:52 a. m. Col. Boscoe Turner and Clyde Bang horn, flying a Boeing 247-D transport plane, crossed the line at 1 :H0 p. m. The Dutchmen lost 8 hours 3T> minutes after a forced landing at Alhury and Turner was downed for nearly two hours by motor trouble at Bourke. Tornado Kills Three Veterans in CCC Camps Mnryvllle, Mo. ? A devastating tor nado kill three World war veterans at a CCC camp and Injured more than 3d others as it roared and twisted through camp buildings and wrecked residences of this northwestern Missouri city. Guy Allen, Shelhinn, Mo.; Ralph R. Hare, St. Louis, nnd an unidentified man were killed us the barracks of the camp, located within the northeastern city limits, collapsed on them. Gaekwar of Baroda on Visit to America New York. ? The Maharaja Gaekwar of Bnroda, Sir SayaJI Ban III, grand commander of the Star of India, and, next to the nizam of Hyderabad the wealthiest nrilve prince in India, has arrived from lOurop' without the salute of 21 guns to which he Is entitled by his rank. The prince Is traveling in cognlto nnd Is entitled to the 'salute only when be Is traveling under his own rank. Josephus Daniels Denies He Is to Leave Mexico Mexico, I). F. ? United States Ambas sador Josephus Daniels denied pub llshed reports that he was to be trans ferred to another post November 2. "It's news to me." the ambassador com mented. The reports were attributed to local American circles. Pl*n? Wrerkrd in llnly Naples. Italy.- Sydney Jackson, fly log l rotn London to Australia on Ms own account, wrecked his machine In n forced Innding near Moschlano, In A veil no province. Exprpti Train D?>ri?il?>d Chicago. ? More than '<() persons were Injured when several cars of the Chi cairo Cincinnati Night Fx press of the Big Four rnilroad were derailed near Karl Bark, Ind., about {)('? miles south west of Chicago. Mrs. Frank Fisher of Cincinnati, was seriously Injured. Gandhi Quit* ?? l,?*?i?r Bombay, India.? The Mahatma Gand hi announced h" had definitely decided to retire from leadership of the All Indian Nationalist congress. BRISBANE THIS WEEK Mr. Van Loon $avs We Build Good Planes Ford Sees Light Why Pedro Jumped Mr. Van Loud, able writer, who la I "Dutch" utui proud of It, doesn't waut anybody to call hint a Netherlander, I or anything hut Just a plain "Dutch ' Qinn" ? wishes this fact made clear. The two Dutchmen that followed so ! closely behind the British winners of ; the lUHHMnile air race were really | demonstrating serious dying. They did not tl y any made-to-order racing ! machine. They piloted a regular com ; mercial plane and they carried pas j senders, as airplanes should do. British aviators, Interested In tnak i lng Hying pay for Itself, say that the 1 Dutch dyers' American machine, a I Douglas air liner, with Wright C.vclono ' motors, and the United States Boeing transport plane In' which Itoscoe Tur ner and Clyde I'angborn were trailing for third place, are "straight stock commercial planes." The British race winner Is u "bullet like racer." I This doesn't take away from tho credit of the plucky Englishmen, or diminish In any way their marvelous j performance in cutting the Hying tlmo from London to Australia by 100 hours. They made the (light to Darwin In 52" i hours. But the race does show that private enterprise In the United States Is able to build useful commercial planes. Henry Ford, who even now pays out hundreds of millions a year, directly ajid Indirectly, for well paid labor, sees "light In the darkness," and says, our "Santa Claus methods" of handing out money have "made softies of many Americans." But. in President Roose velt's apparent determination to ew courage independence and allow busi ness men tn run their own businesses, Mr. Ford sees great hope. lie thinks we are crawling up over the top. l.et's hope we shall see from tho summit, not too far off. bunches of prosperity as big as the bunches of grapes that cheered the Israelites nearing the promised land. Here is a suicide story, brand new. Pedro Cirocito, fisherman of the Island of Cerralvo. found a pearl weighing 100 karnts, thought it was worth $100, 000, When, at La Paz. Lower Cali fornia, dealers would give him onljr $1,000 for his pearl, Pedro hurled Ills pearl Into the ocean, Jumped in after it. was torn to pieces by sharks. Moralists would have convinced him. that $100, (XX), if he had got the money, would have done him no good. He did not wait. President Roosevelt possesses, amonfr other agreeable and unusual qualities,, that of giving full credit to others. Receiving an honorary degree of doc tor of laws, and speaking at William and Mary college, where Thomas Jef ferson, Patrick Henry. John Marshall, James Monroe and John Tyler wera students In the old Virginia days, the President gave full and generous credit to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., for his pa triotic work In restoring to Its colonial condition Virginia's ancient city, Wil liamsburg, "the cradle of American liberty." Wherever there Is trouble In the hu man body there Is, not far away, somo remedy for that trouble. Surgeons have always dreaded peritonitis, a widespread, dangerous inflammation that sometimes accompanies surgican operations. Now science has discovered that a certain "amniotic fluid," always pres ent In the child hearing period In hu man beings and animals, supplies a vaccine that prevents peritonitis. Doctors extract the amniotic fluid from cows, use it on their patients, and have reduced from 50 per cent to 2 per cent the mortality caused by peritonitis following operations on the bowels. This discovery will prev>%t many deaths from Intestinal gunshot wounds ant) other typical American Injuries. Patrick Mulligan, of New York, un employed chauffeur, penniless, iearped" Just before midnight that his wife, Cecelia, aged twenty five, had given birth to three hoy and one girl In tho Lincoln hospital, first quadruplets bora In that hospital In more than .V) years. The four babies, total weight only ten pounds, lived only four hours. Per haps that Illustrates the difference bo tween the life chance of babies bom in the city and babies horn In tho country air. as were fhe still living Diotine Canadian quintuplets. Senator Robinson of Arkansas, bark from (Jermany, where he saw Hitler and Schacht, says that discrimination against the Jews Is diminishing in (Jermany, the attitude of the N'azl being considerably modified. The really surprising news, which might he listed under "Irony of Fate," Is that Germany's export business Is seriously crippled in all directions, ex cept in one country, and that country ? you would not guess It Is Palestine. German statistics show that export* from Germany to Palestine rose WV per cent In the first year of the Hitler regime, nnd are continuing to rise. Now Palestine buys from (Jermany more goods than from the United States and almost an much ss from Britain. ?. Kin* FVnMirM Syn<1lo?t?, tno. WNU H?rvlc?.