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1932 AGRICULTURAL PROGRAM FOR KERSHAW COUNTY FARMERS ? . - Henry D. Green, County Agent Stresses the Necessity for Intelligent Planning of Farm Operation. Newspaper. An Aid to Farmers. Legumes and Livestock Ate Our f Friends OUR A I'M is for every Kershaw County farm to be self-susitaining as far as is practical; that the county not 6nly be . self -sustaining but also a surplus producing rather than a de ficiency county; that by intelligent and basic methods of farming our people shall ahake off the shackles of economic slavery and bondage and become free and happy again. The present acute agricultural de pression emphasizes the necessity as never before that every farm, wheth er it be operated by tenant, resident landlord i ' absentee landlord, be operated v. : far less outlay in cash for provisions for both man beast. Farm operations in 1932 must have closer supervision, be more thought fully planned, and every possible risk of failure eliminated. Duq- to the fact that there is a serious depression in prices every few years, a one-crop system is haz ardous to the extreme ? eispecially s? J under present ? conditions. We can entertain small hope of improving our general conditions under the pre vailing - farm system. In every county we find individuals, although all too "lew, who, by practicing a more balanced system of farming have weathered thes<e depressions without much undue economic concern. (Don't for git Legumes and Livestock.) The pei-plexirn^i problems of the moment are of such critical nature that some .unified program of pro cedure in 1932 and the future is im perative. The program herewith pro posed chas been arrived at only af ter the moat mature thought and judgment and has proven sound wherever it has been consistently employed either by communities or individuals. It is not new. It is es sentially the same program that has been practiced by some of us for years which, had it been followed by all of our people, would have fore stalled the acutenes? of the distress ful and agricultural conditions we new find ^ourselves in. It is a pro pram just as fundamental in its ap plication to the present emergency as it. is a program which can bo and must be the basis of our future de velopment. The extent to which it will bring immediate reJief will de pend solely upon the extent of its im mediate and* universal application. (Legumes & Livestock.) It is realized that there is no one best program suitable' to every farm in Kiersfoaw County and in order to arrive at one beat suited to both farm and farmer there must necessarily follow a thoughtful planning for in dividual conditions. In general, how ever, a sound and safe program will in votive the following factors: THE PROGRAM 1. Farm /Must be flelf-Sustaining. This applies not alone to the land lord. Every farm family engaged in INDIGESTION "My work is confining, and often I eat hurriedly, causing me to have indi gestion. Gas will form and I will smother and have pains in my chest. "I had to be careful what I ate, but after someone had ; recom mended Black-Draught and I found a small pinch after meals was so helpful, X soon was eat ing anything 1 wanted. "Now when X feel the least smothering or un comfortable bloating, X take a pinch of Black Draught and get relief/' Vttughn. 10 Bbtf>py 8t, Or?ttwUl?, B. O. > , Bold in 28 4 packages. -V' . '' . ? . agriculture muU be self-supporting as to food and feed for man and beast "whether it be landlord or tenant. Landlords should frequently visit the tenants' or share-croppers' premises to see that these things are carried out. (Legumes and Livestock) (a) Summer and winter gardens. (b) Sufficient number of dairy cows, hogs and poultry, fed and man aged to supply home needs. (c) Home orchards' of sufficient size and varieties to meet the demand for fresh fruit, canning and preserv ing. (d) Miscellaneous crops such as Irish potatoees, sweet potatoes, sor ghum, peanuts, etc., sflould be plant ed abundantly for home consumption. (e) Sufficient acreage in "corn, oats, wheat, barley, forage crops, hays an^ permanent pastures for needs of man and beasts. (f) Sufficient forage crops such as sorghum, velvet beam*, soy beans, cow peas, oats and vetch should be sown. Adequate temporary and per manent pastures should be provided. (Legumes and Livestock) 2. Cash income. (a) Tlhe farm should .have more than one cash income. This is abso lutely necessary to minimize risk, to better balance farm business and op erations and to increase the farm in come. In addition to cotton as the main cash crop more of our farmers phould market milk, butterfat, poul try, poultry products, hogs, sheep and in some instances beef cattle, and poats, and where markets are avail able, fresh vegetables and fruits, also vegetables for the Club market. (b) The development of some specialty such as: 1.. Good country sausage. 2. Bacon. 3. Hams. 4. Quality butter. 5. Sale of plants, high quality seed, honey, preserves, soup mixtures, etc. 3. Economic Production. (a) Cotton should not be planted on land unless it will produce one half bale or more per acre in normal years. (b) Labor should be efficiently utilized by the use of two-<horse culti vators and other improved farm ma chinery. (c) The efficiency of labor can be greatly increased by the proper ter .racing and_ arrangement of the fields. (d) Judicious use of commercial fertilizers and proper handling of barnyard manure. (e) The use of the best seed ob tainable of varieties of proven merit. j (f) For profitable livestock pro duction the use of pure-bred sires of ! improved breeding and the culling of unprofitable female?. (g) Preservation of the farm wood lot by fire prevention and intelligent ' cutting of timber. Reforestation of marginal or unproductive farm lands. Cooperate closely with the Kershaw County Forestry Association and our county forester. 4. Soil Building. (a) A defioite soil-building pro gram should be followed. Rotation of crops, planting summer and winter legumes, rye and Oither cover crops, and the use of farm manures all play a vital part in increasing yields, there by reducing the coplt of production, resulting in greater profits. (b) All corn should b? intercrop pod with soybeans, velvet beans or cowpeas. (c) The continuance of the coun ty's hog program. 5. Dairying Kershaw County has 2,397 milk cows. In order to prorhieo enough to give every person in the county 1 quart of milk per day we need 5,574 more cows. It is readily obvious that we are greatly deficient in milk cov . .Therefore, it is urned that landlords and tenants cooperate in getting an adequate number of dairy cows. Also, It is planned to have one good, out standing dairy-type bull in every community to be used in developing higher -producing dairy progeny. Furthermore, we must cpnsideT the gfeat value of tlTe manure, the ?kim milk for use in grotwing chickens, pig# and calves1 and the value of the cows' increase, which will he a heifer ofct of every two calve* on an aver >: age. , ' y " " ? I 6. More Livestock. i. - , We have followed a one-crop sys - -tern of farming a 'lor# time. It has ?helped lead on Into a oondition of ec onomic bondage. A4I plant# compete I with each other for soil fertility, ? : - & i ' 1 i ? ?: ? moisture and attention. To ?w, nee this one-sick d program we must use more Liveoock. livestock not only bal ances our activities from the point of variety of possbilities for an increas ed income but also builds up our soil fertility and productivity, more even ly distributes farm labor over the year and reduces the necessity for spending cash for commei'cial ferti lizers. 7. Orderly Marketing. (a) Orderly marketing of hogs, sweet potatoes and poultry thru co operative carlot shipments to markets which offer continuous market for unlimited quantities, after home need and home markets have been sup plied. (b) Orderly marketing of other special crops or products grown gen erally in the county should be taken care of by community or county-wide cooperative effort. (c) The element of "Quality Pro duction" should be rigidly adhered to in order that markets may be more easily gotten and held. 8. Study. (a) Greater and broader study of our agricultural problems especially the future demand and price outlook for the pixulucts we produce. (b) Close cooperation with Clem spn Extension Service aud Go. Agent. (c) Securing?and studying more Government Bulletins. Attend farm meetings. (d) Study so as to purchase, mix and use commercial fertilizers most efficiently. 9. 4-H. (a) Greater development of the county's 4-H- program. (b) Close cooperation on the part of parents. (c) Help your children to become better citizens through 4-H Club work," wherein they leero self-reli ance, ownership, cooperation, thrift and how to think. What is the reason your child is> not in a 4-H Clab, if of proper age? 10. ? Forestry. Timber, cross ties, etc. gave us our { first source of cash income; Much of our land is unprofitable wheni put in ordinary crop production and should either be reforested or allowed to reforest by natural process. Fire is the worst enemy to fores try and every citizen should do his utmost to keep down forest fires. | Forest fires not only kill young trees but retard the growth of older trees, kill game and birds and destroy lit- 1 ter which holds moisture for tree growth, decays to fums-h humus and plant food and is so necessary and valuable in connection with livestock production as regards the making and saving and use of high quality stable and lot manure which is now very essential since we do not have money with which to piirchase com mercial fertilizers as formerly. - 11. ? Head Newspapers. We cannot afford to take long chanceis. We nm^t be up to date in all of our operations. The three coun ty papers have always cooperated to the fullest in lending their columns to carrying agricultural information to our farm people. These newspa pers desire to continue to so coop erate. Your county agent iplans to furnish the papers with timely farm information and it is earnestly re quested that our farm people lend their continued and added cooperation by reading the county papers each week and encouraging their children to read them and encourage their non-subscribing neighbors to sub scribe. Also it should be remembered that nctices of farm meetings, oi poulry shipments and other items of "inter est to farmers will be published in these newspapers. v Each farm family should also sub scribe to at least one farm magazine or journal. 12. ? Foresight and Courage. Although we must honestly admit th'at condition? are critical and rnlist be mot with deliberate and immediate planning, this is not the time to lose heaxit, to assume a pessimistic atti tude nor to become depressed in thought and action. Rather does the situation call for the greatest opti mism for the future. Out of condi tions just as these are will grow a more sane and less hazardous agri culure which should reflect itself in the most substantial, permanently independent and satisfying rival life our country has ever known. This is a time for deliberate planning, close s>uper\ii?iion, conservative and hard work. [ 13. Sources of Authentic Informa tion. The following Government bulle tines may be had by calling at the I County Agent's office: Vegetable Gardening. The Farm Orchard. _ Sweet Potato Production. Poultry Production. Rat Control. Hog Production. Cream Production. Better Pastures for South Carolina. Pasture Top-dressing Wiih Fertii iizer and Lime in the Hay and Pas ture Belt. Poultry Houses and Equipment. The Fertilizer Problem in South Carolina. Home Mixing of Fertilize! s. Soy Bean Forapie for Hogs. Forests and Forestry in South Carolina. Feeding and Management of Dairy Cattle. Corn Production. Bee Production. And many others. 14. Ask your 4-H Club boy what Legumes are and how they will help you. I FINAL DISCHARGE I Notice is hereby given that one j month from this date, on 16th day of ; May, 1932, at 11 o'clock A. M., I will make to the Probate Court of Ker shaw County my final return as Ad ministratrix of the estate of A. M. Christmas, deceased, and on the same date I will apply to the said Court for a final discharge as said Administra trix. Gussie Blackwell Christmas, Administratrix of Estate of A. M. Christ mas. Camden, S. C.: April 1(5, 1932. DEPENDABLE AMBULANCE SERVICE PIIONE 103 KORNEGAY FUNERAL HOME Send Your Job Printing To The Wateree Messenger The Next Best Thing to Eating REAL Grapes Ever visit a vineyard early in the morn ing, when the dew still lingered on the great clusters of purple grapes? Ever squeeze them between your lips and ex perience the genuine thrill of that first delicious wine-like flavor? Nowhere else have you seemed to quite match that tang ? until the New NuGrape came. 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