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Ip o - p ||. 1 ~Ql& |fe| 15he Cheraw Chronicle Volume 19 CHERAW, CHESTERFIELD COtjkrY, S. C.. SEPTEMBER 23. 1915 Number 47 REMAIN ON FAMM URGES MANNING RAISE HOME SUPPLIES Chief Executive Favors Ownership of Land by White Farmers?Soil Must Be Improved. Gov. Manning is a champion of farm lfe in South Carolina. Several days ago the governor received a lettei from M. Turner Phillips, a farmer in Cherokee county, asking for advice or the question of moving to town. "In the outset I must advise you tc remain on the farm if i>ossible," say* the governor. ? 1 .L. me governor receiveu mc iuuu? jlu* letter: "1 take pleasure In writing you to day, the object being as to whether oi not it would be advisable for a man oi seven in the family, consisting of foui boys and one girl, my wife and self living in a nice location, on rented lane to resign position of farming and mov< to town. "I ask you as a i>ersonal friend ol mine to give this letter consideration The ages of my children range froa 17 to 7. By moving to the city 1 would have better educational advan tages, and it is my whole desire tt give my V;hildren a fair education i Please give me a few minutes of youi time advising me as to what is besi for my family and myself. Please giv< me an early reply on this importau! subject, and I will probably be abl< to help others by having your lettei nn hit shed in our local county news I taper, goods. "Hoping you will give this lettei your immediate consideration." Stick to Soil. The governor replied as follows: "I received your letter several days ago and have given the question whict you proposed careful and thoughtfu consideration. I appreciate your de sire for the educational advancement of your children, but there are som< matters which we must seriously con sider before taking rbe step you pro poae. In the outset i must advise yoi to remain on the farm if jiossible. "One of the big problems of oui State at the present time is to mak< farm life so profitable and so attrac tive that it will bold the people in the country and stop the movemenl into our crowded cities. You say you are a small farmer and have not acemulated much of this world's good. Years ago I as a young man was feeling practically the same problem that you practically that you are feeling today. My choice at that time was the farm. I believe that with the proper effort more money, more lhappiness, more contentment is to be found (among the men of South Carolina who till the soil. "The city has many advantages tc offer and also many disadvantages. You must consider, among other things, the extra items of exiiense. In your farm home you have no electric light bhills, 110 < ?."'! '.ills. 110 high monthly rentals, no extra expenditure for clothing, and many of the other extravagances that go ! > make up the life of our jieople in the cities; on the other hand, you have your firework you have your food crops, your lings, cuttle and live stock, and. above all. you have that atmosphere of freedom and indeiiendeuce that can not be found iu th^ city. Better Rural Schools. ' South Carolina is making a constant and wonderful stride in matters of education and in improvements in methods of farming. It has l?eeii my hope and my ambition to see the day when as good educational advantages are offered to the child of the rural and mill communities as are given to the children of our cities. By this I mean good, sound, practical horse sense education without any frills. In your own county educational progress has been remarkable. If you are not now living near a good country school, I would advise you to cast about, this fall, and find a piece of land which you will be able to cultivate successfully, that is located with iu a convenient distance of one of these schools. When you have found this piece of land uiy advice is to purchase same if possible, on easy terms, paying a little each year. Then map out your plans to farm on a business basis; don't work your faruo iu a hapazard, happy-go lucky way. Raise Home Supplies. "I would advise you to consult Clemson college farm demonstrators and ask their advice in farming meth otls, especially winter cover crops so as to save expense iu fertilizer. Write to the Clemson authorities and have them send you all of their bulletins, Study these bulletins; study your sell 1 and try to plant and cultivate the crops that are best suited to the con i (litions. One of the *main troubles i with our people Is that they have been slaves to what Is popularly called ? the 'one-crop' Idea. We all know 5 that forever and a day cotton rnusi be our major crop; but oiir sell If ; capable of producing the very besl of every kind of food crop. Yt>i . should not forsake cotton, but you r should use It as your velvet crop? t vour extra mouey crop. Raise firsl r vour home supplies. , "You 8hould""con8ult your land and I -onsult with the county farm demon ? strator and find out Just what food crops grow best on your land. Everj f vear, In South Carolina, millions ol . dollars are sent out of our State Ir i exchange for little cans and iwckages [ from other States. These cans contali . foods, practically all of which car > be raised at home. I would sug gest that each year you put up af f much canned vegetables, canned fruits [ and other foods In cans, as possible; ; a big amount can be saved In this t manner. Take, for instance, if yo? ? should move to town;' whenever youi r good wife wanted a can of tomatoei . 10 cents wTrnld hare to be deposited at the corner gtpcenr, store. Yot j there should be a small" cane' pafcl - J to make your molasses; you should I nlonf VAim nl/trne on/1 OAW ttOQtt mil I"UUI i uul VW" should plant some vetch with yeui oats, and in this manner you would 5 help to feed both your family and , your live stock and at the same time I improve your land. The farm offer* . greater opiiortunity to a man than t any profession or trade that I know , of in the State, and I would urge you . Mr. Phillips, to remain on the farm . where you can l>e contented and happy, , Find that country school and keep youi children there just as long as possible, . It is a fact that our rural district ? during the past 10 years have been de. pleted of a large majority of a sturdy , i>eople which has caused a serious set t back to the people of the entire State [ Our people must come to learn thai . the basis of all prosperity for all tht people is a successful farming class, . Until we get most out of the soil in i this State and make more comfortable homes for our wives and daughters, we , can not hojie to have the better thing* of this life and to keep our boys and girls on the farm. "I want to see n.oro of our whiie tenants own their own homes; this is the most important problem before us. I trust that as our attention and i interest are centered in the solution of this question, we will be able soon to have a practicable working plan bj which the desired result can be accomplished. "I would like for you to write me . from time to time as to just what progress you are making; write me i about any problem that may come up, I am intensely Interested in the* questions and you may comma rid ray si-n bos at any time to gi?o you the iicsi jHissible information that I am 1 able to." Banks Charging Heavy Interest Raleigh, X. C., Sept. 20.?Facts concerning high interest rates charged by national banks throughout the country, particulary in the South, were disclosed by \V. P. O. Harding of the federal reserve board in a of the federal reserve board in a Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Harding was explaining the reserve hoard regulations granting preferential rediscount rates to notes secured by staple commodity warehouse reteipts provided the maker has been charged not more than 0 per cent, interest and defending the action of Secretary M< Adoo in clo|?ositin>; $15,000,000 in the Southern federal reserve hanks to aid in financing the cotton crop. "The comptroller of the currency," i TO RECOMPENSE NATIONAL GUARD L I Hay Has Puan to Add Attention* i Washington, Sept. ?0.?The sugges tlons made today by Representative i Hay of Virginia, chairman of the house . military affairs committee, that one ; good way to improve the national de, fense of this country would be to pay I every National Guardsman in the Uni? ted States at least $50 a year out of the . federal treasury, will doubtless meet with approval among the National > Guard throughout the couutry. ( Mr. Hay does not believe we should have an army of 500,000, neither does t he believe that the American i>eople i want compulsory military service. : "I heartily agree with the president i that our citizen soldiery should be t given more attention," said Mr. Hay. "It might be proper, for instance, tc t encourage enlistment In the National Guard by paying Its meml)ers 25 pei I cent, of the amount paid to regulai . soldiers, which would be $50 a yeai I _________ r Deposit yo The Bank Chera; STaONBER THAN ALL OTHER I I - and which would probably cost u: $8,000,000 in addition to the preseul a. A -.. iU.. Xi A- ,.nMM J4 ' army cost tor uie mm yeui. iu wi^u ' also bo wise to increase the Held ar . tillery, now consisting of six regiments i to twice that number, as the war ir . Europe has demonstrated that this is ' a most i>otent arm of the service." In so far as the South is concerned >' a majority of the National Guard is composed of the best citizens. Henct ' the statement of Mr. Hay, holdiug tin high jsosition that he does, will b( received in the South, at least, wit! i favor by the Guardsmen. he said, "has information from sworr i rei?orts to his office regarding the > maximum and average interest rates ' chaged by notional banks throughout ? the United States. From the rei>orl 1 of June 23, 1915, it appears that there are Hve national banks in Alabama whose maximum rates of interest i average 26 i>er cent., the rate in one i case being 60 per cent; in another 31 I i>er cent The average rate of interest i which one of these banks was charging i on all of its loans amounted to 1? ' per cent; another 10 i>er cent. Ii: I IfL-niiuiic mm Iititimml lintli; llllnilttwl making a lean at a rate as high as 12f > i>er cent; another one at 50 per cent : another at 00, and another at 25. > "In Georgia there were 11 lank? , interest was about 00 per cent. The where the average maximum rate ol interest average 20 per cent., the rat( ? in one case being 00 per cent; in ano i ther 34 jser cent. The average rat< of interest which one of these banks was charging on all of its loans am ountied to 12 per cent; another 10 pei cent. In Arkansas one national ban! admitted making a loan at a rate a? |high as 120 percent; another one ai 1 50 i?er cent., another at 00, and anothei at 25. "In (Jeorgla there were 11 banks where the average maximum rate ol interest was about 50 per cent. Tlu maximum charge b.v one of these banks was 40 per cent, and the average on al loans was 15 per cent. No hanks in South Carolina admit ted charging more than 15 per cent. In Texas a number of banks report' eil rates in excess of loo per cent, ami imi?iv .if them stated that there aver ajse rates on all loans were 1 per cent I>er month or more. (Subscribe To The Chronicle 11 DISCl'SS GREAT CANAL j r | Engineers in Congress Talk About Panama, So# Pamctsco, Sept. 20.?The PanuomKana) was the ehelf topic today at tab opening session of the Internati|fcal Engineering congress, the firsttotio held since a similar conventiciujtt the Columbian exposition in 180Jwtaj. Geu. George W. Goethals Sewers paid tribute to the succes?nf fee canal and to the American Tljfr American nation was congratulatmes "fortunate in iindlug such i a iifn as (Jen. Boetbas to build the i canflto by Jean L. De Pullgny chief enflfP of gbbbrldgea and highways* ' *or twr^6' saI(' 'lfl(1 '>oen ?a"e{' i froipM trenches, where he had l>een *or months, to attend the congress. 1 ^BrjfSOoethals revolewed the hl?I torjttj&f the Panama can fouwfcnerations and pave technical ' desiflklons of problems encountered ' in taPrork and their solution. urlftoney in o| Cheraw -1 sKv " B' N i GROWING YOUNG t Wlitn L was young and in my prime t And that Is looking back some time, A woman who was forty-five J Looked like she liardly was alive, ji She wore a cap and set around And Knit and gazed down at the , ground. i At fifty she would dress in black ! And look like the back end of a hack. ? 4' But, nowdays, when she's seventy, t A woman's purty fair to see, She wears them corsets calle<l "straight fronts." ' And does a lot of funny stunts. ' Is she not prime? Yes she is not, [ For she kin do the new fox trot. | Instead of waitin' fer to die, [ She's purity frisky and right spry. She has no time to sit and nit, | She's na intention to quit, " This sad and mornful vale of tears | and keeps on knockin' off five years. Instead of ploddin' up life's ridge, She's off somewhere a playin' bbridge [ Or with the young folks at some dance; I I And woltzln' when she has a chance. ^ It's pleasant that this can be told; The women nowadays don't grow old. Fit Smith is confined in jail at Tickville. He has bought himself a bottle of patent medicine and ex' poets to be out in a few days. YOUR ( $ Have your cotton a * t and reliable companie . loss. j r Wp insurp nrnnprtv " ~ ???v i" "r*" *v with us and investigate i MAYNARD Phone 84 SOUTH'S PROSPERITY DEPENDS ON BANKS President Through His Secretary Givca Opinion on Cotton Situation. "The President feels that the whole maintenance of the cotton situation dei>ends directly and immediately upon The Southern hankers und they have tnemseives tu mume 11 it uues uui ecvme out satisfactorily," says J. P. Tumulty secretary to President Wilson iu a letter to John L. McLaurin, State warehouse commissioner. "The President," says the letter, "has received your letter of September 15 and has beeu greatly interested in reading it He asks me to suggest that you emphasize the letter that lie wrote to Mr. Harding, and which Mr. Harding read in his speech at Birmingham, Ala." Mr. 'McLaurin left yesterday for Atlanta, where he will this week deliver an address on the cotton ware, house system to a gathering of Georgia farmers and business men, which has been.called by C. E. Barrett, president of the National Farmers' union. On September 15 Mr. McLaurin sent the following letter tc President Wilson : "You were so generous in the letter read by Mr. Harding in his Birmingham speech that I feel that you should be promptly advised of a situation now pending. To Maintain Prices, j . "The quick advance in cotton is due Totop^ This wilflater sustain prices, if there is no combination of moneyed interests to force cotton on the market "Last spring the New York banks freely loaned 7 cents i>er pound when the market price was much lower than now. The same banks are refusing to loan over 6 ceuts. Tills is a verj short crop, and at 10 cents a pound will not bring what the last crop did to the producers. "The banks of the .South are, as n rule, opposed' to lowering the interest rate. They are afraid since your lette to come out openly and are workiiif through the New York banks." At tills point In the letter follow ; some matters of a confidential natur* and the charge that certain banker! In the South are writing letters t< influential bankers in New York, ad vising that it is best not to extend ac commodatlonx to hold cotton; that 1 should be sold at 10 cents a pount and that the best manner to accom plish this is to make the financing a: difficult as possible by unfavorable in terest rates and the refusal to loai over 6 cents a pound. This sumuiar: f was furnished by Mr. McLaurin. Basis of Trouble. "You will observe," the letter con tinues, "that the basis of the troubli Is with the Southern, not the Nev ; York, banks. I do not wish to sti strife and incite hatred among ou . people by letting it be known wha some of our large banks are doinp COTTON INSUF nd other property insure s; You get fair and promj . - v?, , rrrt-v TfTTTTrar-'ll'J of every description and i our companies before pk jlVE APPRECIATE YOIR BISINESi -RALEY REALTY & T r, I am to address a mass meeting of the farmers of Georgia on the 21st in Atlanta, where this matter will be un* der discussion and desire to be as conservative as possible. . . "To some extent I have the ear of * j 1 the cotton planters and feel the responsibility. If you will advise me, marking your letter 'personal,' ..1 . promise not to use what you say except for u:y personal guidance While we made this crop at less cost thau the 1914 crop, it is so short tjhat 'at 12 cents we will barely break even, , "It is a shortsighted policy, because this crop will be about 5,500,000 bales under 1911, and if it does not show , a profit to the producers, the 1916 crop . will be curtailed to where manufaotnrer will not have the raw material to > supply their spindles. You can aaa the far-reaching effect on finances as well as labor. "If the representative of the allies arranging a credit here can be induced to use a portion in purchasing low grade cotton carried over from the last croo. no power can keep prices down. The question will settle itself. I had this Idea when I wrote you In August, and I still think this Is the solution . which will relieve your administration of embarrassment If they Intend to purchase through New York banks, and these force the cotton out of our bands, it will be a grave Injustice to the helpless." / ' : Life With an Inspiration. Stick to your dream, boy. Let nothing swerve you from' the path mat lead* upward toward tio fulflUment of your life's ambition. ; ^ ' You will meet with difficulties and discouragements, but when fax do, > just think of the man Herreehoff, the M | boat building, who died the other day you over pop staele. A writer in one of our exchanges ' says that when John B. Herreehoff was j a boy bis ambition, was to design and J build the fastest boats in the world. na luvmnm hiind when vet a boy. That would have discouraged any ordinary boy, for bow could a blind man design ' a model that be could not see? But Herresboff was uo ordinary boy. He ' stuck to bis dream. The beavy band' leap of blindness only made bim preps 011 all tbe harder, i The blind boy sat in eternal dark t ness and whittled out bis boat models, r Gradually there devoted In his flngares ; a muscle sense that was worth more to bim than eyesight would have been. r Slipping the model cf a boat through > his hands he could tell how it should ' , be shaiied to slip through the water j with the least resistance. Other designers figured out thenr models by complex mathematical calculations. But the Blind boy felt with his ^ sensitive lingures, and his models were 1 the best, for when he was twenty-four * yeears old he built the fastest yacht the ' world has ever known and, while he * could not see the boat go, he felt the i dash and plunge and swiftness of it, r and he wept when they told him his boat had won the race. The fame of the bind designer of fast boats spread round the world and Eimland. Russia and Italy gave him ? contracts for their fastest torpedo ' boats. He died a few days ago, a r wealthy man and, better than that, a r successful man, for he had stuck to t his boyhood's dream and achieved it fully. LANC . ;d in one of our strong >t adjustments in case of 9 *":HirapiR' 2 !l. . .1 in* iitVit any location; Figure icing your insurance. 5 . -.v.;. RUST CO. Cheraw, S. C. *' /