Cheraw chronicle. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, April 15, 1915, Image 5
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i IMPROVE DRAINAGE
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"^\i izT*""
| | Tillable Land \
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. too fett %
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Springy Spot Reclaimed by Tlllngand
Wet in Spite of a Fall of E
(By E. K. JOiNta.)
The occurrence of an excess of water
is an Indication that some source
supplies water faster than it is removed.
The water is either coming
too fast or it is going too slowly
Areas at the foot of uplands from
which water oozes during the greatei
portion of the year owe their wetnese
to the excessive seepage' from the up
land. On the other hand, retentive
clays, due to the fineness of the soil
and flat muck or peat marshes, due
to lack of fall, are too wet, primarily
because the water is removed from
them very slowly. ,
It is evident that the drainage con
ditions on an area may be improved
either by hindering the entrance ol
dAniAeinr wnfpr linnn nna nlrio nr hu
facilitating its removal from the other
To accomplish one or both of theBe
Improvements, drains must be com
structed to give gravity a better opportunity
to remove surplus water.
Drains may be open and shallow for
surface drainage, covered and deep
for underdrainage, or open and deep
for both.
The capacity required to remove
surface water can be obtained most
- i b hi
lllll j:!'[[! j
Poorly Well-Mf|j^ Jolntt?Tlt?
CONDITIONS BY TILING
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v H/Jl /
I ?
| Tilloblt Land
\
i
Largt /worst
-Before Drainage This Spot Was Boggy
light Feet Between Lines 1 and 3.
trench is filled, and the surface of th<
field is left smooth. Water enters tht
! tile at the joints and flows toward th<
outlet. To prevent the entrance ol
I sand with the water, tile laid in sane
must be protected by a layer of claj
' or muck. Tile that are well laid last
' for generations. A tile drainage Bye
1 tern put In seventy-five years ago In i
tight olay soil near Geneva, N. Y., li
> still working. j
? The roots of trees sometimes clof
> the tile. This occurs when water from
' a distant source is carried by the tilt
i through a soil from which no drain
age is taking place. In such casei
Unao nf Hlo flhnilM hi
U CCB UCOl UiO tlUWD V4 ? ? ? I
removed.
! Thi path that water has to trave
' through the soil Is the same whethei
. It be directed to an open drain of a
i particular depth or to a line of tile ol
the same depth and not full of water
The two are equally effective as un
derdrains in all soils, with the advan
' tage in favor of the tile because it It
i out of the way.
i/ In sand or ciay, tne iwo reei aeep 01
more are not injured by freezing, pro
i vided they contain no standing watei
; when they freeze. In muck or peat
tile should be laid below the frost line
because these soils may expand
enough upon freezing to heave the tile
to a damaging degree. Unglazed tile
are just as good as glazed tile, excepl
at an outlet exposed to tne weamer
At such outlets glazed tile or wooden
flumes bear exposure without injury
Three feet is the common depth oi
lines of tile In sticky cla^ In sand?
subsoil a tile four feet deep can drain
a strip 200 feet wide as easily as one
three 'feet deep can. drain a strip 10C
, feet vgda Lines cutting pg seepage
I LIVE-STOCK-FRUIT-0AIRTIH8-8AI
New Wrlnklee F A
? .:
Progressive
Agriculture I
TOLD IN IN INTENESTm MINH
L. i^sasSi
EXCELLENT RATION FOR COW
(
f
If Farriers Would Depend More on
Silage and Leu on Pr.sture Herd*
Could Be Dotted.
A good ration for cows giving milk
<s silage twice a day, corp fodder once
a day and all the bean forage they will
clean up, with about one pounti grain
or concentrate to every three pounds
milk the cow gives. If the beans vreze
4 pulled before becoming too ripe anjtf
' secured without much rain faUlng oji
* them, the forage makes good feed.
p Roots are valuable to increase the
C nllt,
I WW Tf WL Uiiia,
r If we would depend more on silage
. and less on pasture, our dairy herds
might easily be doubled and the tirnf
j enriched accordingly. Many farmers
| have been slow to awaken to tbS.
that dairying brings excellent returns.
, Many unprofitable crops are ?tft(
' raised where the land might better hjg
' growing feed for live stoek. impermanent
pasture is a waste on'
less the land cannot be plowed. Every
acre should be made to raise feed( few
stock to the limit of Its capacity, and
. this should be fed right on the farm,
returning the fertility to the sofLraffid
< PAIL OF GREAT IMPORTANCE
Where Clean Milk la Produced BntiKIt
Top Receptacle la Neoaaaary
to Exclude Bacteria.
The United States department of
agriculture has this to say abodt
milking:
"In modern dairies whera clean
milk la produced the email-top milk
pall 1b a necessity, as such a pall presents
only a small opening into wtycft
dust and dirt may fall from the dlr,
or from the cow's body.' It has boo#
found by'experience that the ude of;
the small-top pall greatly reduces the.
number "of bacteria In milk from storage
dallies. Many types of milk patia'
are for sale. any tlnne^^^j?|
KfflWmi.FlELD CROPS-SILOS-PIGS
T?'
R M Xk
lYl Making the
Farmer*'
D 'Li '
Buslneee
?. l D Pr?*ub"
?1 EXPRESSLY FOR OUR READERS
i iifeATiWft unrsQ for r.Hni fra
hnimu i ivuw vii w .
Summary of Results Obtained From
- Use of 8srum Are Interesting
as Well as Valuable.
?iy GEORGE H. GLOVER, Colorado ExI
periment Station.)
lln a Recent report of the chief of
tse bureau of animal industry,' a sumBjarj
of the results obtained from tho
up of serum are interesting and valuable
its Indicating the usefulness of
wim in InfhoteJ herds.
for iMBt hogs. where 70 per cent
wrestck with cholera and the serum
#iven to all of them, only 24.3
M^^einS IUsd. Without the serum a
Wait-of 75 per cent might have been
!f*lne of the serum as
Kl ft|<rtbft U apparent. In 11,776 hogs
| tlfii were well when given the serum
vjljft fcept In herds with sick hogs, there
lOM'Of 8.9 per cent, while In a
' *V*1 13*578 hogs that were healthy,
L An given the serum, and later ex[
J7P?d to cholera, there wa8 a loss of
jofcr ft Uttte over one-half of one per
| Jfcithe record kept by the Colorado
college, we find that In
tn? $on t*is valley, where hogs were
hv|#ren the serum until the disease
there was a loss of about
||^||mjse for hogs
Advantages They Are
loved to Fresh 80II
:o Construct.
I hog house for farI
ias many advantages
I tlon sort, writes C. 8.
county, Nebraska, in
H, easily moved from
Hiv. nr tft frMih nnfl In
TURKEY IS A SELF-SUS
x"* 'A l l'?^ I - v ^ - " - ? , ^
Turkeys Cannot 8tand <
(By E. VAN EENTHUTSEN.) COlO!
There is no other kind of live the ]
itock that will return so large a profit Buff
to the successful producer as will the ]
poultry, and no kind of poultry Is more Mi
profitable than turkeys when handled In tl
properly. j and
The fact that turkeys will, from the for 1
time that they are six weeks old till ing ]
winter sets in, gain the greater part Th
of their entire living from Igigs, grass* made
hoppers and waste grain that they ly ii
pick up In their wanderings over the yean
range, assures their existence through In
this period at little or no cost to the Is th
grower. the 3
They may -he termed self-sustain- clain
In or fnnvan vhana thav ft ova aitffl. Rnlf
cient range. and i
The chance of profit In the produc- ket t
tlon of turkeys 1b gradually improyIng
as a result of a more general use pn>
of thie flesh. W\lf
There cannot be much opportunity
for growing poults to maturity when Smal
they are hatched late In the season, P'
they may be sold for broilers at a
good profit. / I .
\Ta (a vmapa ?raInaA In nnw 1Bren It
iiu UIDU ID invito TOIUCU III VU1 UUgy r~
cities at .the present time than chop]
broiled poults. Brit 1
Turkeys that are hatched early in tity <
the spring would grow to weigh from ?ome
fourteen to twenty pounds by Thanks- conta
giving wee? wond
These weights are often exceeded Th
by the best growers, but as they are
TAINING FORAGER
I
Confinement.
1 of plumage. The Bronze and
tfarragansett are the largest, the
and Slate are the medium, and
Black and White the smallest
ich Improvement has been made
tie size of the Whites of late,
they have moved up to contend
irst position, some of them havpassed
the thirty-pound mark,
e same statement may be soon
) of the Black, as they have great*
mproved during the past few
).
addition to the foregoing there
e nonstandard variety kno;wn aa
Sourbon Reds. They might well
i the position now held by. the
turkeys, being quite like them
more largely grown for the marhan
are Buffs. *
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SS AND GRIT FOR CHICKS
I Quantity of Meat Cut In 8ma!l
leees Should Also Be GivenTemperature
of Brooder.
la well to have some finely
?ed up grass and some coarse
tor the chicks and ei small quan- ' ^
If meat cut up In t?y pieces, or
of the manufactured foods that <*
.in meat will help to grow then*
erfulljr.
e temperature of the sleeping ,/