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ciarettes They are GOOD!io Buy this Cigarette andSaveMoney CRIME AND THE FAILURE OF THE AMERICAN BAR In Which is )iscussed the Menage That Crooked Lawyers Have Brought; American Bar Associa tion Condemns Many Lawyers as Criminals. (By John B. Wallace) This article is in two parts, and the second will appear soon. The United States is today being swamped by the greatest crime wave in its history. Contempt for law by a portionr of our population is only equaled by the indifference of the re mainder. The average citizen persues the daily record of assaults, robberies and murders in his newspaper to ev claim: "It is terrible. Something ought to be done about it." But he, himself, does nothing. Occasionally, in some of the southern and western states, citizens take the law into their own hands, and organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan spring up. Most of these attempts are so interwoven with religious prejudice that their effect is nullified. Crime and criminals we have al ways had. There are men and women whose diseased minds cause them to prey upon society. But criminals in the past to a large extent were iso lated, their crimes sporadic. Today there is an interwoven fabric of crime covering the continent. Crime has become a business. Its tentacles reach into every stratum of society. Crime has taken a leaf from the book of big business. In fact, it is now itself big business. Crime, which itself is defined as any violation of human or divine law, can be roughly divided into crimes against property and crimes against man. These can be subdivided into crimes of guile and crimes of violence. Crimes of guile are compassed through trickery; crimes of violence by the application of force. The first almost invariably leads to the second. A brainy crook will seldom resort to violence, but for the crook of low men tality it is the only recourse. The success of master crooks inspires the lower criminals to emulation in the only manner of which they are cap able. High Finance and Crime Whenever there is an era of what might be called "high-class" crime, sometimes sugar-coated by the term "high finance," by means of which crooks, whether in the guise of promo ters, financiers or captains of indus try, rob the public of its savings, it is followed by a wave of violent crimes. The center of crime is, today, as it has always been, in the larger cities. In these congested centers of popu lation, where no one knows his neigh -itor' business, the criminal can wor~k to better advantage thall in the coun try or smaller towns where all eyes are focused upon him. In the cities, criminals of all degrees have gravi tatedl into organizations which have their ramifications extendling into the very citadels of the officers whom so siety has chosen to defend it. It is this discovery by criminals of the value of organization together with S. S.S Fills Out Hollow Cheeks, Thin Limbs! Men and women,-whether you wi11 ever butid yourself up to your normal, Sunt-ri ht weight d1eends on the num er of blood-coils in your blood. That's all there is to it. It's a scientific fact. If your blood-cell factory isnt work ing right, you will be run-dlown, thin, your blood will be in dlisorder, andl perhaps your face will bo broken out with pimples, blackheads and erup tions. H. S. S9. keeps your blood-cell factory working full timo. It helps build new b'lood--cells. That's why 8. 8. 8. b~uilds up thin, run-down peo -ple, itputs firm flesh on your hones, it roun~T out your face, arms neck, limbs, the wholo body. It puts the "pink" in your cheeks. It takes the hllowness from the eyes, and it fooia Father Time by smoothing out wrin kles in men and women by "phumpinf'' them up. 5. 8. 5. ia a remarkal om blood-purifier. Whuile you are getting plump, your skin eruptions, pimnliesl, blackheads, acne, rheumatism, rash, totter, blotches are being removed. The medicinal ingredionuts of 8. S. S. nre guaranteedi purely vegetabile. S. 8. 8. is sold at all drug stores, in two aizes. The larger sizo is the moro ecnomican, the laxity and indifference of the general public that causes the "crime wave" of today to be of such potential menace to the nation. From New York, Chicago, St. Louis Boston, Seattle, Now Orleans, i Cleveland, Cinhinnati Detroit, San Frandisro, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, I Milwaukee, Kansas City and many other lities these rings of arch crim- I inals radiate out to the surrounding country. Here we have rings of au- I tomobile thieves bank robbers, boot leggers, white slavers, (lope peddlers burglars, bunco men, blackmailers and even murderers. These rings, through liberal use of money and political influence, hav'i corrupted members of the state, coun ty and city police .forces, have pur chased the bar and often reached the bench itself until honest ofilcials "who really wish the law enforced find themselves helpless, their hands vir tually tied. Thus the public is left defenseless, at the mercy of the ene mies to society. The press, which should sound the alarm and awaken the lethargic public to its danger, us ually expends its energies exploting the results but ignoring the basic cause. There is a remedy for this menac ing state of affairs. It is an obvious remedy, and a simple one. If the members of the legal profession, if 50 per cent only of the members of the bar would forget their private in terests and devote themselves unre servedly to the public welfare, the crime wave could be wiped out in six months and future crime reduced to a minimum. Lawyers, Defend Yourselves The truth is that the bar upon which the public depends for the pro per admiisistration of justice and pro tection from those who float the law is no longer either efficient or honest. Graft, mental and moral corruption, the greed fir money and notoriety and the "Let George do it" spirit have brought it to ap oint where instead of acting as a crime deterrent it func tions largely as a crime inciter. Crime is not only defined as a vio lation of Divine or human laws but it..is also defined as an omission of a duty commanded. It is the sworn duty of every lawyer to uphold the law. Failure "to do so classes him with the criminals. A few honest and courageous indi viduals in the legal ranks are battling bravely to overcome this inertia, this imiefliciency, this disregarding of pro fessional ethics and ideals, and down right dishonesty swamping their pro fession. That the leaders of the bar have legun to realize this condition them selves is evidenced by the investi gation now being conducted by the American Bar Association. The report df the committee which is looking into the causes leading to the present crime wave gives five pro bable causes, three of which reflect directly upon the bar itself. This committee consists of such eminent members of the profesison as 1 W. B. Swasey, of Chattanooga, Tenn., Charles S. Whitman, former governor of New York; Judge Marcus A. Ka vanaugh, of Chicago; Charles W. Farnham of St. Paul and Wade H. Ellis, of Washington, D. C. The five probable causes for the crime wave, which the committee dis covered after taking testimony in the principal cities ,of the country, are as follows: "First thAt the crime wave is a na tural outgrowth of the World War. "Second that the crime wave in stead of being an outgrowth of the war is merely one of the causes that lead to the war and which is continu ing in aggravated form since the war has ended. "Third, a growing belief on the part of the masses throughout the 1 country that the courts are only for the rich and that they deny justice to the poor with a resulting tendency on the part of the poor to take the law mnto their own hands. ."Fourth, that the trouble is largely with the members of the bar them selves. Many men practicing law to day (the committee has been told) aught to be in jail. "Fifth, that conviction for crime ina the courts is becoming increasinglyi diflicult anfd that the criminal once 4 eonvictedl is not punished sufficiently1 to deter others from repeating his, o'ffense." .That the trouble may lieto all five is true, but for this article the firsti twvo causes may be dismissed. They1 were lergely psychological. A few weak mimds may have .been influenced by war-indluced hysteria and a sense i f the injustice of the scheme ofi things to turn against their fellow rnen but it is diflicult to convince a reasoning mind that the great mass. >f the men who went abroad to give I their lives If necessary would so< Iuickly reverse their convictions. Our< 3xcuse for going into the war was to I preserve democracy and (democracy< toes not mean anarchy and crime. T1he High Cost of Justise Trhe third cause given "that the ~ourts are for the rich andl deny jus Lice to the poor" is not a new comi- I plaint. IHere the trouble is not with I the law itself which, in theory, places dll upon the same plane, but with its I practical adlministration. Daily in every court is witnessed Lhe man with money and influencei escaping the penalty of his misdeeds whether on a nmurdier charge oi' an ar rest for speedling. Minor offenses, iti is .true, furnish a better example of: this than graver charges where pub lie attention is focused and the force rof p~ublidl opinion felt. In any case, the poor man without money to hire comnpetent lawyers and without in rluenitial friends is handicapped. Ex eept in cities where the office of >ub lic defendecr has been establishe<l he is forced to depend upon fledging at to'rneys or those who, because of the small foe allowved by the court, devote note more than perfunctory attention to his case. Hlut it is so much the system of deC termining the guilt or mnnocence of the accused nor its administration, that is at iault. Despite its defects there are surprisingly few innocent persons convicted, whether rich or poor. It is conservatively estimated that for every innocent person wrongly convicted a thousand guilty ones escape. It is in the degree of the lnmhment m'v..,e., lie te in ustice as between :rich and 'Too. Immediately upon conviction -of a wealthy man, or-one with politidal; in. fence, the machinery is set in motion ;o obtain a pardon or a mitigation of I sentence. The poor man stays in pri son, forgotten by all except perhaps uis immediate family. The penalty of 3overty is also felt' in the administra ;ion of the alternative of flne or im. )risonment. The rich man pays his In without suffering even temporary nconvenience. The poor -.nan pays is debt to' society with his body, by he sacrifice of his liberty. The fourth reason given olihe rme wave places the -blace for it squarely on the shoulders of the bar tself. It should rest -not only on hose crooked members specified but also tipon the other members whose lack of. initiative and moral courage llows. surh conditions ,to' exist. Ocralonally there is a lawyer who lares to speak out. Thomas Lee Woolwine is district attorney for Los Angeles .County, which embraces a population of more than a mililon people and Mr. Woolwine is in a posi ;ion to knol whereof he speaks. In a statement to The Dearborn In lependent, Mr. Woolwine says: 'I am convinced after many years f experience that I'. am justified in he assertion that fully 75 per cent of the atorneys who make it their bhsi less to defend persons charged with .rime are subirners of perjury and should be in the penitentiary them selves. "There is no single force in the Un;1cd States today that so menaces ;he lives and property of the people of ;his lountry as these crooked criminal awycrs. The stock in trade of these ultures is to suborn perjury by the vholesale to terrify witnesses and by very villanious trick and device to liscredit, if possible, the prosecution. As if this were not enough they glory n cheap tricks to create 'atmosphere' y all kinds of false pretenses and aseless arguments-and motions. They lo not hesitate to corrupt and terri 'y witnesses and in many instances ;o drive them from the jurisdiction )f the courts of the state. In my )wn experience it has often been nec ssary to have armed guards accom >any the witnesses for the people, to >rotect them night and day from the nachinations of these scoundrels. Sentimentalizing Over Criminals "Also aming. the worst enemies of he people in the orderly administra ion of the criminal law is the lying, mscrupulous press. "During the progress o fthe prose ution of notorious cases the repres mtatives of these evil institutions are Busy molding public sentiment to the )elief that assassins and murderer are )eing terribly oppressed and, in fact, ire heroes and heroines of the most admirable type. oLng, slushy, oozing ob stories by sentimental-misguided emales envelope these criminals in in atmosphere of false romance and naudlin pity. These stories aided bf nnuendo deify the murderer and )lacken the memory of the murdered lead." This attitude of the bar, aided by he yellow press, the stage and the notion pictures, as Mr. Woolwine ?oints out, has created a false senti nentality among the general public hat handicaps and almost nullifies he efforts of those public officials who ire conscientiously attempting to rotect society from'its enemies. A few years ago novelists and play vrights, by harping upon certain nn loubted abuses of their position by ublic prosecutors and police officers, were greatly instrumental in forming prejudice in the public mind against >flicers of the law. This prejudice has never entirely died out and recently t has been awakened and fanned into lame by clever, unscrupulous lawyers, >y the yellow press and by the motion )ictures. A large alien element in >ur population1 and element that as amek to cash mn on sickly sentiment hat disguises the acquisitioni of dirty lollar~s, is also a contributing factor. Trhere has been a great deal of my stery hedged about the law. The av trage cititen is prone to regard it as in intricate affair, something stand ng aloof and apart from him. Law rers have done much to encourage this dea as it trebles their importance and mables therei to collect fees not com nensurate with the value of their ser ricos. Yet law is oir should be one of the simplest things in our daily exper ence. Law in its general sense is lothing but a rule of conduct. A few ersons living off by themselves can get along Without .any laws except erhaps . certain oral agrcements. A lerson living entirely apart from his aind needs no law whatever. But os he size of a community increases, ules of condluct are necessary until, n the present complex stage of our ivilization with nearly one-half of ur population crowdle4 into cities, so nany rules. or lawn are required that mec-tenth of. the citizens are utiliado o draw up, intern-et hnd enforce fhe egislation la(d (Iowa for our guidance. The Producers of Law Tile politicians who make our laws he lawyers who interpret them, and he peace officers who enforce them ire fundamentally a parasitic class as hey contribute nothing in an econo mec sense to society. Yet they -con titute a vital part of our social struc uire. They might be saij to be in .ictedl upon humanity because. 'of its sins. With the Golden Rule followed o0 the letter, the, necessity .for lawv rers and pence officers would~ vanh md1( with them wouldl go the parasite f parasites, the profesisonal polliti man. Tile function of the lov to society 5 as oil and~ grease are to machinery. Lt is supposed to lubricate the wheels C. COOPER ', Licensed Optometerist .EYES Carefully Examined, Glasses Fitted, Broken Lenses Duplicated; Satisfaction Guaranteed. SUMTER. S. C. TIRES TUBES As good onyour automobile as ty were onyourbkcyc PLOWDEN MOTOR CO. of our social organization so that it will run smoothly with a minimum of friction. The law should adjust minor inequalities of temper and tempera ment, compromice in the clash of con flicting interests, bring order out of disorder through the strict 'ajplica cation of the principle of justice; a .most important function, one of in estimable service to humanity if the bench and bar had kept the faith. That it has failed and failed lament ably is shown by the condition of so ciety today. Instead of greasing the machinery of society the bar seemingly has de lighted in throwing sand into its gears. Instead of compromising and reconciling, it has aggravated and ir ritated. In unholy alliance with the professional politician it has added to the rules of social conduct until by their very multiplicity they are prac tically nullified.-Th'e Du irborn Inde pendent.. BLAME ENGINEER FOR BIG SMASH Do Soto, Mo., Aug. 7.-(By the As sociated Press.)--Blame dor the Mis -NOTICE To Creditors of the Estate of H. D. Thomas, deceased: TAKE NOTICE, That an order was filed in the Court of Common Pleas for Clarendon County in an action of E. P. Thomas, as Administrator of the Estate of H. D. Thomas, deceased, Plaintiff, against Beulah R. Thomas, and others, restraining and enjoining all creditors from instituting or pro secuting any actions for t)ie enfords ment of their claims against said estate. Also appointing the under signed as Special Referee and requir ing all creditors of the estate of H. D. Thomas deceased to come in and file their cidims with the undersign ed, as such Referee, within thirty days fro mthe 16th day of August 1922, or they will be forever barred. S. Oliver O'Bryan, Special Referee. Aug. 2, 1922. 31-3t-c. Subscribe to The Times CYPRESS SASH DOORS BLINDS MOULDINGS* AND MILL WORK~ C ICB$7EN~ I ~SOLDBY DiUGISSEE WERE The Ba Capital Surplus a T. M. MOUZON. Cas11 atuday mieh% ieu d o thirty-fivd and iryJt*' r th ' too wa "lxed r EGin ' at h . "Ginger" Gleimn, 6 lidpssenlgeR No. 4, by a coroner'; iut ywhich ih vestigated- th6dlsaste' late today. The jury at first irturned. an open verdict bdt later reversed its deeision stating that Glenn,' who was killed when he leaped. from his cak had fail to observe signals wdrning him that the track ahead was not clear. In arriving at the verdict the jury heard testimony of members of the crows of both trains, which in ef feet was that neither train received orders pertaining - to the other. Members of the crew on No. 4 te tifled no orders had been - received that No. 32 was on the track and members of. No. 32 declared no or ders had been received that' No. 4 was behind them. . After the first verdict was re turned, Coroner George W. Elders, of Jefferson county, objected and IMM Experienced men w Coast Line Railroad Co Department. Vacancies C., Savannah, Ga., Jesu Brunswick, Ga., Albany, River Junction, Fla., Do gomery, Ala. Rates of pay and wc f tablished by the- Unitei U Rates as follows: I Machinists ..... - - * Boiler Makers--- - I Blacksmiths Electricians Pipefitters .. I Engine Carpenters Sheet Metal Workers N Car Inspectors and Repa * Moulders :. ... I Permanent employn cants. Apply to the undo I J. P. WALK: CHARLES' t. For A Home e Most folks need an ince ly there is nothing that et comes at the thought tha~t Home of Your Own, Every dollar depositet nearer the realization of y< First Nation W. (. DAVIS, Pr< A. C. BRADH~AM J. T. STrUKES, Ca nkof M e -. b ,~ . $ *4 rid Profits . SEPH SPROTT, Presidei jer. JAMES M. SF 't4slel-nl t thfpl*' e:q2j persi kills4b came tQ i .death throh lagligen ce of Engineer J Mei Glenn in failute to obey 'ile.'y!_ Erigineer Glenn h d eeive4 ders oi the run" to pull over oi e siding at Cliff 'Cave, fl te i south of St. Louis to allow 'the sn } shine special .No. to Pss' and is believed tiat he . was readi these orders when he. pas d block 'ignal, warning him of AVf ; unclear track. No orders -had been received con cerning No. 82 The sig ls- were., the only' means of showing the track was not clear a Sulphuy Springs. The death toll was brought to thirty-five this afternoon ' with the death of Pearl Goff, of Cadet, Mo., a sister of Buelah Goff, who was killed in the wreck and a. niece of William Goff, who was injured. TiNTEI anted for the Atlantic npany in its Mechanical exist at Charleston, S. , Ga., Waycross, Ga., Ga., Thomasville, Ga., han, Ala., and [o1it rking rules are those es States Labor Board. -------_70 cts. per hour ..---- 70 cts. per hour .-70 cts. per hour .70 cts. per hours --.70 ets; per hour .. ....--- 70 ets. per hour - --. - .70 ets. per hour irers ... 63 cts. per hour -... .... 70 cts. per hour a lent -to competent appli rsigned. K ER, Superintendent,, " rON, S. C. I Your Ownz. ntive to save, and sure *n equal the thrill that you are saving for a in the bank brings ~ur dream. al Bank sident. Vice-President. shier. anining )0,000. 00 It. ROTT. Aset. Cahier