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WILL YOU BUY LIBERTY BONDS OR WEAR GERMAN BONDS? VOL X XVIIMANNING, S. C, W D E AY AP I 24 198No. 16 BRITISH AND FRENCH RAID SUBMARINE BASES AT OSTEND AND l[BRUGCC[ London, April 23.-British naval forces today raided the German sub marine bases of Ostend and Zebrugge, the admiralty announces. Five old cruisers which had been filled with concrete for use in block ing the channels were run aground, blown up and abandoned by their crews. The admiralty reports that accord ing to information thus far received the raid met with a reasonable meas ure' of success. The statement follows: "Early this morning a naval raid was made on Ostend and Zeebrugge, which are being used by the enemy as destroyer and submarine bases. Our forces are returning and the scanty information so far received is to the effect that the raid met with a reasonable measure of success." Forces Employed With the exception of covering ships the force employed consisted of auxiliary vessels and six obsolete cruisers. Five of these cruisers, filled with concrete, were used as block ships and after being run aground were in accordance with orders blown up and abandoned by the crews." In all probability the entrance to the Bruges canal has been blocked ef fectively in consequence of the naval raid, Sir Eric Geddes, first lord of the admiralty, announced today in the House of Commons. The result of the whole operation, Sir Eric said, was regarded as very successful. While the operation was in progress Sir Eric announced, British parties were landed to distract the enemy. The officer who developed the scheme of attack was killed. Sir Eric Describes Raid Sir Eric Geddes, first lord of the admiralty, in supplementing the ad miralty report on last night's raid against Zeebrugge and Ostend, in giv ing the House of Commons such in formation as had come to hand of this "extremely gallant and hazardous task," said: "I ask the members to remember that most of the officers and men from whom we have to get the infor mation have been fighting the greater part of the night and that some of them are not yet in. "The raid was undertaken under command of Vice Admiral Roger Keyes, commanding at Dover. French destroyers cooperated with the Brit ish. Six obsolete cruisers, all from twenty to thirty years old, took part in the attack. "They were the Brilliant, Sirius, Ippigenia, Intrepid, Thetis and Vin dictive. To Block Channel "The first five of these were filled with concrete and were to be sunk in the channel and entrances to the two ports, if this could possibly be managed. "The Vindictive, working with two ferry boats, carried storming and demolition parties to storm the head of the mole, which runs out from Zee brugge. The Vindictive was special ly fitted for landing storming parties and was armed specially for the pur pose with flame throwers. "The men employed on the block ships and in the storming and demoli tion parties of the Vindictive were bluejackets and marines picked from a large number of volunteers from the grand fleet and naval and marine depots. There was great competi tion for the undertaking. Intricate Operation "There were light covering forces belonging b the Dover command; Harwich forces under Admiral Tyr whitt covering the operation in the north, a force of monitors together with a large number of very small motor boats took part in the opera tion, which was particularly intricate and had to be worked to a time table and involved delicate navigation on a hostile coast without lights and large ly undler unknown navigational condi tions dleveloped since the wvar, with the adlded dlanger of mine fields. "I should like to mention that the officer who developed the operation was killed. Smoke Screen "The high development of scientific use of fog or smoke was one of the essentials to success. It was more fog than smoke, which combined with cer tain wind conditions, was essential to the success of the operation. "The plan was after an intense bombardment of Zeebrugge by the monitors, the Vindictive with auxil.. iaries which were to run alongside the mole and attack it with gunfire as they approached. Storming and demo lition parties were to be landed. Mean time three block ships, assisted by motor boats, were to make for the en trance to the canal, run aground and be blown up. Two old1 ad valueless submarines, filled with explosives, were to run jAgainst the pile work con necting the. masonry with the shore, in~order'to kut off the mole from The shore. ."At .Ostenid the operation was more simiple, but the difficulties were con siderably increased by the mist, rain and low' visiblity. *(Continued on Pagra Fou-) SPEECH OF Hon. John McLaurin, of Bennetts ville, former United States senato: from South Carolina, whose deciding vote in the senate for the acquisitioi and retention of the Philippine Is lands cast the die that made the United States a world power an< forever put aside the policy of politi cal isolation for America insofar a world policies are concerned , las night spoke to a crowd of betweei four and five hundred people in the Court House on the war situation an< the duties and responsibilities of loya Americans. Mr. McLaurin having come to Sumter to make an addres: at the invitation of a number of hi: friends, had evidently carefully pre pared his his speech, and therefore di< not speak with the fire and freedon that usually characterizes his exten poraneous utterances. He spoke delib erately and seriously, as if he weigh e<, each word, and sought to impres his hearers with his earnestness rath er than to arouse enthusiasm. The crowd gave him a close and atten tive hearing, but it was a rather col< and undemonstrative audience, unti the speaker reached the part of his ad dress that referred to Wodrow Wilsoi and the duty of all loyal citizens ti give him full confidence and suppor without stint or limit. Then he wa liberally and heartily applauded. Th address was as follows: On Good Friday a gerat congrega tion worshipping God in a church i Paris were buried beneath the ruin by a German shell. How typical o the aims and purposes of Germany the destruction of the foundation o civilization in order that a new Kul ture may arise upon the mangles and mutilated bodies of Belgium an( France. Is history about to repea itself ? Read in Crecy's 15 decisiv battles of the world of the battle o Chalons near the site of the presen gigantic conflict. We haven't hear much of the word Hun until since th devastation of France and 'Belgium How like the Kaiser was Atti!la. Th open and avowed purpose of Attill was the dstruction of Christian civil ization. He overran Eurone callin himself the "scourge of God." 11 boasted of the desolation following i: his wake. He ordered ais soldiers t outrage women, mutilate cl:ildren an ire and destroy, so that othe nations might be cowed into submis sion. Wives and virgins were out raged in the prescn:'e of husbands fathers and brothers and then eithe murdered or sent into slavery. No does the parallel stop there, Attill like the Kaiser was no uneducate barbarian, but possessed the greates learning and highest culture possibl in those times. He was a statesma and general of great ability. Hea what the historian says: "Attilla re lied less on the brute forces of armie for the aggrandizement of his empir than on the unbounded affection of hi friends and the fears of his foe which his genius enabled him to ac quire. Austerely sober in his privat life; severely just on the judgmen seat; conspicuous among a nation a warriors for hardihood, strength an skill in every martial exercise; gravy and deliberate in council, but rapi and remorseless in execution, he gav safety and security to all who wer under his dominion, while he wage a warfare of extermination agains all who opposed or sought to es cape from it. He watched the nation al passions, the prejudices, the creed and the superstitions of the variou nations over which he ruled and o those which he sought to reduce b neath his sway; all of these feeling he had the skill to turn to his ac count; his own soldiers believedl hir to be inspired of God andl followe him with fanatic zeal. He caill himself "The Brieadl o the world," by the grace of Got "King of the Hiunr, and Goths." Wha a pen picture of the present Kaisei telling his soldiers to make the nam German feared for a thousand years to rape, burn, pillage and destroy i the name of God. Calling a treaty " scrap of paper" striking at the life o nations, by forcing wives and virgin to motherhood; sending men an wvomen into slavery to work th mines, til Ithe soil, and gratify th brutal lust of the Beast in man turning the world into a charnel hous that the ambition of on'e mnnn fgo world dominion may be gratified. Nor does the parallels between th battle of PicardIy andl Chalons stol with the character of the Kaiser an Attilla. Attilla was fighting th embattled hosts of Christendom an staked his empire on one stroke. Whe1 the battle began to spo against hini he piled his treasure in the center o the camp and placed himself on toa of itr with the intention of settingi on fire and (lying In the flames. S the Kaiser has stake-' all on the suic cess of the great German dirive an: again Attilla and the modern I1un will finally fall. Ex-Ambassador Gerard in his boo] tells of a conversaton he had wit] the Kaiser in 1015. He spoke of hos he had studied the lives of Alexandei Caesar and Napoleon. "They dreame of world empire and failed." "I, tot have dreamed of world empire an my mailed fist shall succeed." One more on the line and the Somme brave France in defending with he 'EX-SEN. JO] DELI VERE manhood the advancing hun. Civil ization can never pay its debt to bleeding, suffering France. She check ed the Huns 1500 years ago, and again 300 years later under Charles Martel, at Tours. She thrust back the Mo hammnedan hordes, who were overrun ning the world. In 1776 when we were struggling for freedom, France came to our aid. I doubt if we would have achieved independence at that time without the guns, ammunition and trained officers sent by France. France has kept alive the feeble spark of human liberty. In 1785 it sprang into a bright flame and struck the divine rights of kings a death blow, to be almost drowned in the blood of the French revolution, but flickering feebly she passed it through the hands of Jefferson and Franklin to the Unit ed States. It is now symbolized by the great glowing torch of the Statue of Liberty at the mouth of our great est. harbor. The eyes of the whole world are turned on that torch today. The Iluns are threatening to forever quench its lights. But there are brave men from America, from England and from France offering their lives a sacrifice on that same field of Cha Ions, and the sare God who looked down upon its blood soaked 'round still rules above. Again the despair ing cry of a heart broken world con.. queror will be wafted down the ages, - a lesson and a warning. The lillies of France will spring forth again, whiter and purer, fertilized by the f blood of brave men, and watered by - the tears of true women. With all of f her military power, boasted efficiency - and 40 years of preparation, these I modern Huns will go down before the I frown of God and the outraged con t science of a world in arms. Fellow 3 citizens, it seems to me that divine ilower was never more manifest than t in having Woodrow Wilson in this I great world crisis. Let us thank God for the humble professor, now the for'm3nut man in the world. He says this is a war for Democracy against I Autocracy. The other (lay at Balti - more when the Huns were driving C our lines back and dark clouds hovered 3 on the horizon, he gave the world a message the only message that thc Huns understand. "I accept the chal. I lenge. I know that you accept it. It r shall appear in the utter sacrifice - and self-forgetfulness in which we - shall give all that we love and all that we have to redeem the world and r make it fit for free men like ourselves r Ito live in. Force, force to the utmost i force without stint or limit, the right. I cous and triumphant force, whicha t shall make right the law of the world and cast every selfish dominatioi I down in the (lust." r German Propaganda While developing a great military a power at home, one of the most ef. a ficient means Germany has used is her propaganda creating German sen timent in all the countries in th( world. When the office of Wolf vor t Ingel at No. 60 Wall street was raide< f by secret service men, they found 1 proof of plots to destroy ships, burr a munitions plants and funds to organ I ize the I. W. W. They found where eight million dollars was given Bok e Pasha to bribe public men and news I papers. In a secret speech of thc t Kaiser to German organization rear . recently to a Congressional commit. - tee, he said that he controlled one. sixth of the votes in the United States, and to go ahead that this ad f ministration did not dare to go to war I.ok at the workings of .he system in Italy, Russia and the Balkans. I de not believe that all Germans are dis a loyal to the Unitedl States. The Ger I mans came here seeking refuge from tyranny at home ard when the test conmes the majiority will be true. Ger mans began to come here after the S"thirty years war" which made G;er many a howvling wilderness. TIhis Swas a religious war. The Prrotestant armies robbed, burned and killed the Catholics andl the Catholics did the same for the Protestants. You know~ when pious people get to killing each other for Christ's sake, they d~o it very Sthoroughly. The population of Ger many sank from 16 to 4 million. Can. nibalIism reappeared, the gallows had to be guarrded to keel) people from devouring the corpses~ dangling froni the ropes. Where thriving towns had been wolves roamed unmolested. D~e graded, brutalized and poverty strick en, the miserable Germans fled from dlevastaterd fields anrd burning homes dlown the Rhine to Amsterdam where they sold1 themselves to ship captains for the price of piassage to a new~ worlrd. T1he rulers of Germany rdrove th epe from the Fatherland, the tea pept up)-men coming over tc Sescape military service and heavy tax. ation. They were received with open arms, given the right of citizens. They have grown rich anrd powerful .St. Louis, Milwaukee andl Detroit are argely built by German energy and Germany's Plans This is a well considered attempt by Germany to dominate the entire I world, and every nation figures i these plans. Russia is to be cut ur I Into p.-ovinces; her ignorant peasan. try is to furnish cheap labor and the ,Ukrainei is to be the great food pro. r ducic ri gon. The Balkatns are tc FIN L. McLA D IN SUMTE furn ih from their fields supplies of oil, coal, iron aild food. Turkey is to be a tiqtew.a:, t.. the teemi-, r n i. ions of the Orient for the manufactured prodic s 4'f GAe, many. The populatior, of B<-!e: umn and France is to be de stroyaed and '~l. fertile la "- t ua.ed over to German settlement. Gern.any is t. t.:-en-1 from Berlin t.. Bagdal to the .with. -ind thl( shores o: the Cas pian sea to the East. England is to be shorn of her commercial power and her great navy come under German control. The part assigned tr, the Unit. d ates is to pay the exr.crisc of it al. There are some who scout at the idea of actual invasion of the United States by Germany. It is easy to see how this will come. Ger many for many years has had her eye on South America and given the power she will confiscate the British interests in Mexico The great oil fields at Tampico ..lh the railroad from the Pacific to the Atlantic will pass under German control; this puts her between us and the Panama Ca nal which she will seize on some nre text. She will teach German Kultur and efficiency to the peons in Mexico and keep a standing army in that country. She can conquer America and never land a soldier here. All that she would have to do is to force France, England and other Euro )ean countries to adopt a German system of finance and make American labor and products pay tribute. She would have a tariff and rate of ex change so arranged that every yound I of cotton that left these shores would be paid for by a bill of exchange drawn through the imperial bank of Berlin, a proportion of which would go in the German treasury. The cus tom houses the world over would levy a tax on each article which cane into or left the United States. When this becomes so burdensome that our people refused to submit she would have an army ready in Mexico to in vade us from the South. No, my friends this is our war and it is up to us to break Prussian militarism and to destroy the power of this modern Attilla while the other nations of the world are able to render. aid. If we wait to meet this mighty force until after Europe has been conquered and all of the resources of the civilized world concentrated in Germany's hands, our children's children will be the slaves of the most powerful and despotic government that the world has seen since the beginning of time. There are plenty of American trai. tors, not all of them or German des cent, who from avarice and ambition would welcome the advent of Ger many and seek place and power under her. These would be placed in charge of the confiscated property of loyal citizens, and the government conducted through them. The Kais er boasts of 250,000 German and Aus trian reserves in A merica, ready to strike when the word is given and they will strike at the first opportun ity. Look at Russia, Belgium, France, Siberia and Rumania. Preparation There has been some harsh criti cism of the administration for not ac comlplishing more during this war. 'his has come from two sources, one headed by Ex-President Roosevelt who is probably sore because he was not permitted to go to France at the head of a .division. No one doubts the pa triotism of Col. Roosevelt, but I cannot help think that his criticisms are unjust and that he is endeavoring to make political capital out of the war. There are others who were op posed to our country going into the war and who went as far as they dlaredl in encouraging resistance to the dIraft. Some of thees men are in the p~ay of Germany and others have be hmd hema German constituency. Others ar going as far as they can andl keep out of the p enitentiary from sheer general cussed ness. I have put myself to sonme trouble to see what this country, has (lone in one year of wvar. It is a marvelous recordl and how any man can take into considler ation our .total unp~reparedlness and then criticise those in authority is beyond my comprehe.nsion. You may he sure those (doing it are either ignorant of the facts or have some ulterior purpose. They should be looked upon with distrust andl treatedl as enemies until they prove other wise. Listen, on A pril 6th, 1917 we had only 160,000 trained soldiers un decr arms andl 9,554 officers' on April 6th, 1918 we had 123,800 o1fficers, al most as many officers as we had men a year ago, and when you consider the fact that a modern war- depends very largely on trained officers you realize what a tremendous wvork has been accomplished. The number of enlisted men is 1,528,924, an increase in one year in the army of about 900 per cent. One year ago we had 84,000 enlisted nien in the navy and today wve have 343,000, an increase of 400 per cent. In the aviation service a year ago we only had about 1,000 men and today there is about 140,000, an increase of 10,000 per cent. Our experts have standardized the liberty motor and wvill revolutionize the air service. Twenty-five large compa nIes are manufacturingArins.1 moear roducmng accessories and supplies. We have produced-10,000 au tomobile trucks. MachIne guns are be. JRIN ;R MONDAY ing manufactured at the rate of 225, 000 a year, and 3 1-2 inch guns at 15,000 a year. The ordnance supply of the government is handling every month 10,000 car loads of material. Within two weeks after war was de Glared contracts had been made cov ering the requirements of an army of 1,000,000 men. The government has taken over and is operating 260, 000 miles of railroad, employing more than 1,000,000 men representing an investment of nearly 20 billion dollars. Outside of the loan to the Allies the United States spent 12 billions of dol lars (luring the first year of the war. We loaned nearly 4 1-2 billion dol lars to the other countries engaged in this war. The governmlent has insti. tutedi a system of war insurance to take the place of the worn out and rot ten pension system and in one year in surance policies have been issued for millions of dollars and also about 20 million dollars paid in allotments to the dependent families of the sailors and soldiers. When it seemed that we would not be able to send our prod ucts abroad on account of the high rates charged by insurance compan ies the government stepped in and gave us war risk insurance at greatly reduced rates and are actually making a profit out of it. Cotton went from seven to thirty-three cents. The great est achievement I think of the govern ment is the conscription act. It is the most wonderful piece of legislation of its kind that the world has ever known. What becomes of those that were running around over the country I crying out against the draft act and I predicting all kinds of evil? There has been no riot and in less time than three weeks the men of this country to the number of 10,000,000 presented themselves before these boards and wre registered at a cost per man for those accepted for ser. vice of $4.90. Our weak point has been the lack of ships, we were pre vented by narrow partisan politics from developing an American mer chant marine. The great trans-con tinental railroads postponed for 30 years the construction of an Isthmian canal and an American merchant ma rine. It was their purpose to force the movement of freights east and west instead of as nature intended north and south the way that our mountains and rivers run. Their in terest was at Boston and New York and not at South Atlantic and Gulf Ports. I know to my sorrow what it cost, 25 years ago, for a man in the United States senate to advocate ship subsidy with both parties dominatel by this selfish railroad trust. In one year the subsidy principle has brought into the service of the coun try 1,145 steel ships and 500 wooden ships aargregating abmia 10,000,000 tons, an increase of about 600 per cent in one year in the American mer chant marine. With the plar tow on foot, it is safe to say that a endl of another year we will : a fleet of ships that will exceed t..at of any other nat ion on earth and that. never again will we witness the hu miliating spectacle of American pro ducts depending on foreign ships to find the market. When this war is over American ships carrying Amer ican products manned by American seamen will be seen at every port in the world. The World Needs Wilson This v.ar is changing our very form of gove inment, we have found by practical experience that a republic with its full liberty to the individual citizen is unable to wage a successful war with an autocracy. To a great extent a new government is being built up outside of that providled in the constitution. The government has charge of the railroads and ships. It is fixing the price of products andl telling us what to eat, when to eat and what to pay for it. In another year of, war the government of this country will be practically in the hand(s of thi's extra-constitumtionali machinery. It is going to take the wisest statesman ship, the keenest sense of justic~e and the most exalted patriotism to do this mccessfully. We needl brains for this purpose as nmuch as food for the sol hers, and executive ability as much as ~uns. llussia had I15,000t,000 soldiers Lunder arms, countless guns and more rawv material than any nat ion on ea rth1 md yet she is today from a lack of ~onstructive. statesmansh ip prostrated vith the heel of the Kaiser on her meck. There can be no peace between amman and American ideals of gov ~rnmnent. We are fighting today for he priniciples of the D)emocracy for vhich Christ diedl on the hill of Cal .ary.. The right of every nation to ive its own life in its own way. We ire now writing the most tragic chap ;er in the history of man and all the iations are being punished, but out >f this, supreme agony new nations otrong in youth and energy will arise. Not, even Germanmy can destroy the mlirit of freedom. I believe that out >f this war will come a great brother 1ood, of nations. There is a deep oignificance in the appointment of an army conmposedl of the flower of the groop s from the Allied nations. The deal which found expression in the world's- peace congress -at the.Jague, (Continued on Pagre Four) R. D. COTRAN WRIES ABOUT THE TOBACCO OUTLOOK IN COUNTY Editor the Manning Times, Manning, S. C. My dtear Sir: I have purposed in my heart sever al times of late to try and get some to bacco news through the columns of your paper to the growers. The first thing I want to get straight is a re.. port that has become quite prevalent in going the rounds that I have said that tobacco would not bring good prices this time. I wish to state in the outset that I do not know how this originated. I first heard this in January, coming at that time from the Davis Station section. I refuted the statement to those who asked me if I had said this. I assured the en quirer that I had no ground to think anything but that the weed would sell good. I now get it coming from the Salem section clothed in the same lan guage. I have been asked several times by friends if 1 had i..ade the statement, only to hear coming from me as I told my Davis Station friends two months ago, "Nc-." I suppose that most of the people in Clarendon County who plant tobac co know that I went to Virginia and lid a tobacco warehouse business af ter my season closed here last fall. I went there in September, and closed business March the 8th of this year. Several times while there I wrote to the papers, giving accounts of how* well tobacco was selling, etc. Messrs. L. 0. Holloway and G .R. Bowen of Lake City and myself did a fine busi ness up there. We made things hum, and averaged more than thirty-two cents through the entire season for bright tobacco. I recall writing at the time that if the prices that were be ing obtained were anything to go by that we could b assured of good prices in South Carolina again this year . I have said this much to different friends repeatedly when asked about the tobacco prospect, etc.-that the European war was our only stumbling block this year; that if the Germane should be successful it would likely ef. feet both the prices of cotton and to bacco, as both these crops are largely export, and this I have always abridg-. el by saying that we must of course not sit down and wait for this to hap pen, but that we must win the war. I only spoke of possibilities, and not probabilities. I am not a prophet; hence I can not speak with authority as to our future governing prices for our products, etc. I have always been able to give out information from time to time, based on conditions as they actually existed, by being familiar with them. In this way I have helped my fellow man in my chosen vocation to get information that has been of interest no doubt. I am still in that position, and will state that the old markets in North Carolina, Virginia and New York have about closed hteit tobacco houses this year with by Tat the best record ever made. To'bacco is nore in demand today than in any time in its history. I see the ,overn ment has bought the entire output of the Hull Durham smoking tobacco for this year. 'T'obacco has a great for eign demand. Cigarettes are bring ing eighty-one cents per pack of twen ty in France. At least. Ili is is vouc'hed for by an eminent phvsician of Char lotte, N .C., who left his husness and went across to help th e boys beat the Ilun. I am putting i" an articl' writ, ten by the editor of , Southem To bacco Journal which Is encounging' also one from I ibrell Brothen,, of Danville, Va.. who are good authority' on the tobacco sitition. I am iully convinced that prices will he goods based on the present dinmanid for ti bacco. I amn myl~Vf planting eight acres, along withi other crops. Of course, every t hinuking person will know that I wvould not knock my own business by dIis muraging the pllanlting of tobacco. I will be liberal enough, bough, to advise the planting of abun dlant food crolps first. The govern. nment has sa id that we must make our selves self-supportig in the South this tinne'. Our2 gove-rnmnient will need for our soildliers ainild1 alies all of our wtestern grown stulf f in t he shape of export edibles. I do noit wanit to he dictatorial, but wouldl like toi urge upon every friend that I have in ('larendon County, both white andl colored, that hasn't already done so, to buy a liberty IHondl or somec Thrift or War Savings Stamps Mr. J1. 10. Kelley, as you doubtles, knowv, is chairman olf the Liberty Lo0arL Mr. Oliver O'Bryan is chairmian of the Thrift andI War Savings Stampa commleittee. Youi can buy at plostoffice or any bank. Ytou are (lit giving this mloney~ away but mnertly ioaning it to the government to betp defeat the greatest enemy to umankind the world has ever known, the German hordes, For this investme~nt you will save whatever you p~ut in it, together with four and1( one-half per cent interest, and you wvill also help to) save the homes and liberty of the civilized na ions of the earth. I must confess that this war has given me a great dleal of contrn. I am very much hurt at the thought of other peop~le fighting, bleeding and (lying in a war that was or n.thm without notice by (Continued on P'agn F~ive) j