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VO-. YYVTTT MANNING. S. C., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 28, 1916. LANSING SENDS NEW' NOTE TO CARRANIA LATEST NOTE FROM UNITED STATES IS SHORT BUT POSI TIVE IN DEMANDS. MUST RELEASE PRISONERS In reply to Note From Carranza About Carrizal Battle President Wilson De mands an Immediate Release of the S 17 Prisoners. / Washington.-The official text of the note to the Mexican de facto gov ernment, transmitted to James Lynn Rodgers, special representative of the American government in Mexico City follows: "Mr. Arredondo delivered to this government the following communica tion: ? "'I am directed by my government to inform Your Excellency, with -ref erence to the Carrizal incident, that the Chief Executive, through the Mexican war department, gave orders t to Gen. Jacinto B. Trevino, not to permit American forces from Gen eral Pershing's column to advance further South, nor to move either East or West from the points where they are located, and to oppose new incursions of American soldiers into Mexican territory. These orders were brought by General Trevino to the attention of General P= ging, who acknowledged the recei- f the com munication relative thc '. On the 22nd instant, as your eiflency knows er an American force moved eastward quite far from its base, notwithstand ing the above orders and was engag ed by Mexican troops at Carrizal, e State of Chihuahua. As a result of the encounter several men on both sides were killed and wounded and 17 American soldiers were made prison ers. "You are hereby instructed to hand r to the Minister of Foreign Relations of the de facto government the fol lowing: "'The government of the United G States can put no v her constuc .ca upon the communication handed to the secretary of state of the United States on the 24th of June by Mr. Ar- a redondo, under instruction of your government, than that it is intended an a formal avowal of deliberatey hostlle action against the forces of the United States now in Mexico and of the purpose to attack them without provocation whenever they move from a their present position in pursuance of ti the objects for which they were sent there, notwithstanding the fact that 1 those objects not only involve no un- e friendly intention towards the gov ernment and people of Mexico, but are on the contrary, intended only to a assist that government in protecting i itself and the territory and the peo ple of the United States against irre sponsible and insurgent bands of rebel marauders. "'I am instructed, therefore, by my government to demand the immediate ' release of the prisoners taken in the encounter at Carrizal, together with any property of the United States taken with them and to inform youe that the government of the Unitedn States expects an early stat ent from your government as to te course of action It wishes the government of the United States to understand it has 0t determined upon and that it also ex-a pects that this statement be made through the usual diplomatic channelsF and not through subrodinate militaryL commanders." a CRISIS WILL FIND CONGRESS ri READY FOR EMERGENCIES n 0' House and Senate Work to Clear Slate So Mexicans May Have Undivided m Attention-.s Washington. - Congress solidly ac faces the Mexican emergency ready n for any legislative action its leaders th declare which developments may de'-t mand. THe house already is planning C< increased appropriations to meet extram expenditures incurred through mobili- si zation, equipment and transportation d: of the National Guard and to provide re more munitions. Congress has contemplated to add tc $20.000,000 to army appropriation bill and an urgent deficiency bill for $6,000.000 is in the course of prepara- fe tion. Congress is working hard to dis- rs pose of the ro'utinc legislative pro- ci posals before it. The house is clear- p ing up the special program and ap- s propriation bills rapidly, but the sen' ai ste :s far behind. Legislation to be gg disposed of by the upper house be fore adjournment includes the govern- a ment shipping 'bill, the child labor law, ratification of the house amendments a to the credit legislation, the immigra- h tion bill and conservation measures. t P The Senate also is behinid with ap prc-:riations. The pos'toffice bill prob- o ably will be passed within one or two h days and there are awaiting considera- ha tion thie agricultural, fortifications, diplomatic, sundry civil, pensions, Dis- mi trlct of Columbia and naval appro- o0 piation bills. The house will resume ha discussion of the army and naval ap-m propriation bills. The house will re sure discussion of the army appro- in priation measure. Besides this, it still t has the Military Academy appropria- at tion bill to complete. The recon.-t structed naval bill will be reported L. to the Senate before the end of the ei week. MEN WAl June 30, a the meetin of retpute.( ANSJNG DISPATCHES NOTE TO CARRANZA resident Wilson Summoned Foreign Affairs Committee Heads to White House for, Sunday Night Conference on Mexican Situation. [OTE IS RECEIVED FROM DE FACTO GOVERNMENT tates That Carrizal Fight Was Direct Result of Soldiers Moving Other wise Than Towards the Border as Ordered by Carranza and Communi cated to General Pershing. 38,000 MILITIAMEN IN t EAST GO IN CAMPS New York.-More than 38,000 of the 128,000 National Guards men of the Department of the East, comprising 22 states cast of the MPb.issippi and District of Columbia, were in mobiliza tion camps, Sunday night, six days after the call was issued, according to the report forward ed to the War Department by Major General Wood, command ing the department Of this number Massachusets contribu ted 8,000 and New Jersey 5,000. s Washington.-A demand for the im ediate release of the American troop s taken prisoner at Carrizal coupled ith a stern notification that the Unit I States expects an early statement the purposes of the Carranza Gov -nment was telegraphed to Mexico ty by Secretary Lansing. The note discloses that the State epartment received a communicatlon om the de facto Government stating at the Carrizal fight was the direct >sult of orders to attack American ldiers moving otherwise than to ards the border personally issued by eneral Carranza to General- Trevino id by the latter communicated to eneral Pershing. In reply Secretary Lansing requires t the de facto Government transmit definite statement "as to the course action it has determined upon," rough the usual diplomatic channels, ad not through subordinate military icers'." The Mexican communication is con rued, Secretary Lansing states, "as formal avowal of deliberately hos le action against the forces of the! nited States now' in Mexico and of te purpose to attack without prove tion whenever they move from their resent position despite the frieddly ission on which they are engaged ad which is re-affirmed in the Amer an rejoinder. White House Conference. General Carranza is required to1 Lace himself on record formally and 1e plain intimation lies behind the ,strained language of Mr. Lans-ing's >mmunication that force will be Iget ith force. Apparently, however, the ashington Government is determin that the de facto Government shall t evade responsibeility before the orld if war is forced upon the United tates The note and the military situation the United States were talked over the White House by the President Ith Chairman Stone, of the Senate oreign Relations Committee. Senator odge ranking Republican member, id Chairman Flood of the House ommittee on Foreign Affairs. Rep ~sentative Cooper, ranking minority ember of the House Coinmittee, was it of e cty. After the conference which lasted ore- than an hour. Senator Stone dd the situation was "exceedingly ,ute." The President had felt it cessary to acquaint Congress with :e state of affairs and the action ,ken, through the Foreign Affairs ymmittee. It was indlicated that he ight desire to address a joint ses on of the H-ouse and Senate in a ty or two, but would not take this aal step until the. Mexican Govern .ent had been given an opportunity >reply. Warlike Says Stone. The President told those at the con rence of the note from General Cat nza avowing the attack on Amer: n troops at Carrizal, and of the re ly that he had directed to be sent nator Stone was very emphatic Eterwards in regard to the demand yr release of the prisoners. "We must have those men." he said ylemnly.1 The Senator made no effort to hide s own belief that war virtually is ere. A final report from Generai ershing was Aeceessary, he said. in -der that a clear knowledge or whia ad happened at Carrizal should be at "But if they are going to atta-k our en without cause,'' he said. "there is 1y one thing to do. We will never1 ave peace down there until we use >rce enough to compel it." There is reason to believe that the litary situation may be influencing te Administration's diplomatic course. Swell as the desire to make it clear the world and par'ticularly to the ati-American Nations that the Unit -1 States is being forced into werlike reasures by hostility of General Car NTED :--Eve r ad help in the g. Show yoi sme in boys. anza. The War Department is making t ,very effort to speed up mobilization i: >f the National Guard. A few com- n >anies have been mustered in. Others 1< till take the oath at once. In 4S hours. )robably. a substantial force will be d >n route to the borler to back up e general Funston's line. fl Must First Be Ready. e it may be four or five days, how. s +ver. before War Department officials t tould feel safe in withdrawing regu- a ars from the border patrol to form d he cutting edge of whatever force f, hey may hurl to the support of Gea- 1i oral Pershing's column. should aggres ;ive action be ordered. It seems doubtful that a formal dip omatic rupture will be forced before dequate military precautions are pos- l ;ible, particularly as it has been indi- 2 :ated that quick, drastic action, is t ?resident Wilson'p desire should Gen- t ,ral Carranza force the use of the c trmy against him. n Mr. Wilson's visitors sought light d n these questions. Specific figures t were not available as to the garrisons it ;t various border towns, the number t, f guardsmen who have responded to s :he President's call, or the time that b ,ould be required to get the entire n orce to the border. These details c ave been left to the War Department o nd Secretary Baker was not present .t the conference. The general situ- a tion was presented. however, and C here is reason to suppose that the For ign Affairs Committeemen opprovei :he President's course. No Talk of Mediation. One fact as to the conference is significant. There was no discussion )f the possibility of mediation. The E subject was not mentioned either by ho President or his callers. Senator atone said. This statement came in the face of t formal notification to Eliseo Arre- S ondo, Mexican ambassador designate, a )y his government, that it approved t he principle ef mediation as pro osed by seceral Latin-American t :ountries. Mr. Arrendondo expected yarly authorization to begin conversa ions with his Latin-Ameri-can col eagues here, in an effort to divert a :he crisis to p'eaceful channels. There was no indication that any t 1-plomat had attempted to sound Sec -etary Lansing in this respect. e It is known, however, that he s iolds that the United States has noth- 1 ng to mediate since its only object 2 s the protection of its own borders. b e has formally notified all Latin. b Ierican diplomats that the Washing- r on government has no aggresive pur. t yose toward Mexico. but is resolved t :o free its citizens along the border o f the danger of bandit raids. s 3RINGING A LETTER p TO PRESIDENT WILSON C Paris.-A Madrid dispatch to The a ['emps quotes The I'mparcial as re orting that President Wilson will re -eve a mesage from the German Em eror in the same manner as did King Alfonso. This statement is included n an interview which the representa ives of The Imparcial had with the ;erman naval attache, von Krohn, n vho declared that the bringing of let- ti ers of the King of Spa:In by a German a ubarine could not affect Spaniish h 1eutrality, which the Germans respect. ~ The Spanish newspapers, the dis atch adds, demand thast the govern' e nent take measures to prevent a repe ition of the submarine incident. Presents Mediation Offer. t Washington-Ignacio Calderon, min- C ster from Bolivia. acting on the be- a talf of several South and Central a tmerican republics. has presented to secretary Lansing an offer already ae- A epted "in principle" by General Car' anza to mediate in the crisis with n dexico. tl tl SOME MARYLAND GUARDS HAVE A "YELLOW STREAK." fi Baltimore.-About '140 mem--I bers of the Maryland National il Guard in camp at Laurel refus- e ed to take the oath containing I the tree years reserve clause.* a Scvera' of t'eem were banded t* together and strips of yellow }* tied to their uniforri. They t] w.ere manrched thro th the com- b xmany .treet, while their comn- .tl r~ies yced 'sca the yellow t ~Outh Carolina Stand: Twenty-Seventh South Carolina stands 27th in mili ry strength in the column of tates with an organized National luard of 1.54G. ac-cording to statistics oiected previous to the movement o recruit nil companies up to and bove minimum strength last weeck 'ew York leads with an organized mil tary strength of 16.440 and Pennsyl- I 'ania secondl with 10.007. Three other ~tates register above 5.000 enlisted nen: Illinois 5.S5G. Massachusetts . ,492. C'io 5,856. There is no organ- r zed militia in Nevada. Utah stands t tt the foot in the remaining states ~ vith 454 enlisted men. The total or-. anized militia before effort to enlarge v he enlistment recently was 132,2(8. in luding commissioned officers. Thet otal unorganized military strength ofa he United States. consisiting of males tween the ages of 18 and 44 years, as, according to the 1910 census re ort. 20,534,347. Of this number touth Caolina would provide 276,788.. rhe number includes both whites and iegroes. Vustering Officer at Camp.1 Capt. J3. M. Graham has received or lers from the chief of the militia( y citizen of Cl organization r patriotism. andl try and lI ureau to act as mustering oinicer for ae United States army at the mobil ration camp at Styx. The telegram, otifying him of 1 : duties, is as fol >ws: "You will proceed to camp without elay with a view of receiving arms, quipment and clothing to arrive from aderal supply depots and to arm and quip fully organizations to war trength. Arrange with state authori ses to procure tentage or other suit ble storage; to furnish guards fatigue, etails and clerical assistance. Blank >rms and instructions for mustering i will be sent you in due time." lational Guard of South Carolina. The National Guard of South Caro na, comprising at peace strength ,G5S men, includes staff and sanitary roops. two regiments of infantry, one' roop of cavalry, five companies of oast artillery and five divisions of aval militia. The organization is eficient in machine gun companies, here being none now in service, but is understood an effort will be made a form one in Columbia. At war trength, of course, the total would e much over the peace basis, the war iaximum being 150 men for infantry ompanies. as against a peace strength f about 75. The following are the commands nd the officers of the State National tuard: Adjutant general's department Irigadier General W. W. Moore. Inspector general's department aj. J. Shapter Caldwell. Judge advocate general's depart ent-Maj. F. H. Weston. )ver 2,000 Club Boys. "We have between 2,000 and 2,500 oung boys enlisted in the corn clubs nd the pig clubs," said L. L. Baker f Bishopville, supervising agent for he boys' club work, who was among he visitors in Columbia. "The agri ultural clubs are growing and fine esults are being secured," he added. Ir. Ba'.er left to go to Roch h1ili to ttend an agricultural meeting. "We are paying particular attention the pig clubs." said Mr. Baker, and there are about 1,000 boys now nlisted in these. The banks of the tate are showing a fine spirit by their beral financial co-operation with the oung farmers. More than $6,000 has een invested in pure bred stock. The anks loan money to the boys at a ery low rate of interest to purchase he purd bred stock. We are trying dignify and magnify the work and ur efforts are being crowned with access." 'ostoffice at Camp Styx. The postoffice department has an orized W. H. Coleman, postmaster. t Columbia, to establish a military ostoffice with sufficient help for the amp at Styx. The arrangements for e opening of the office were by Con ressman Lever. ,utomobile Route to Camp Styx. Capt. George C. Warren, quarter aster in charge of the transporta on, inspection and repair depart ients for the encampment at Styx, as requested that all automobilists ~om Columbia approach the camp by ay of Styx station and leave by way f Dixianna. taff Officers Arrive at Camp. Capt. G. H. Mahon, Jr., adjutant of ie First South Carolina infantry, and apt. Wyatt Aiken Sybt, commissariat, rrived at Camp Styx at the same time -th Col. E. M. Blythe of Greenville. ,rrange Telephones at Camp. Two tlephone connections have been lade at Camp Styx. One will be for e transaction of official business and 1 other will be a pay station for use y the troopers. Good speechos3 hace charactrized the rst wek's campai::a of the state of Sunday was the most glorious day 1 the Sunday school annals of Flor nee. t was rally day for the various rotestant Sunday schools of Florence nd somc ?,.000 Sunday school pupils, ?achrs. supe~ intendents and other unday sc hool workers, headed,. by e South Carolina Industrial school and and Sunday school, marched 'rough the streets of Florence with 'avng '.anners and United States ags while the ind~ustrial schiool hand! la~yed "Onward. Christian S-jldie:s." Gains Four Pounds In Three Hcurs. Raymond Tilton, twenty-one years Id, performed the unusual feat of aining four pounds of weight in less Lan three hours in order to become soldier in the United States army, eports the Cincinnati Chronicle. Til an, whose parents live in Richmond, ly., desired to join the infantry, and e tiped the scale at 123 pounds, ing three pounds shy. He was no ified that the government is strict in egard to this matter, and wa~s told return when he acquired the neces ary avoirdupois. Tilton invested in 35-cent meal and imbibed ireely of rater. Then it was found that he had ained four pounds, one more than he government required. He was ccepted. What We Wish to Know. An aged Frenchman, who has rorked out a system for forecasting he weather, claims we are to have ,succession of twenty-six very se -re winters, commencing with the >resent one. If he can tell us how ang th European war is to last, how 'ver, it will be of greater interest. )shkosh Northwestern. arendon is r~ of "The Clar Several got eep up th e g RAN(ING OFFICER ARRIVES AT CAMP COL. E. M. DLYTHE IS IN CHARGE AT CAMP STYX-TALKS OF RECRUITING. DISPATCHES FROM COLUMBIA Doings and Happenings That Marl the Progress of South Carolina Peo ple, Gathered Around the State Capitol. Columbia. Col. Edgeworth Montague Blythe commander of the First South Carc ina infantry and ranking officer it the state, came early to camp Styx it order to superintend the workof preI aration for the reception of the Firs and the Second regiments. "I anticipate no trouble in recruit ing our regiments up to war strength, said Col. Blythe. "There will be re cruiting officers in each station afte the troops leave and these, with the assistance of medical examiners, wil take care of all those who desire ti enlist after the regiments are encamp ed at Styx. Before being mustered into service of the United States th: men will stand a second physical ex amination by medical officers of the regular army. i The tendency has been to localizi the enlistment of troops. It should be clearly understood that any person in the state can enlist in any com pany. "I am glad to see the liberality with which employers are releasing thei men for service in the militia. A 'long as th 2 employers are themselve not serving it seems to me that thei willingness to assist the governmen should extend to taking care of thei employes who are willing to servE their country in active service. "As soon as the companies are en camped the men will be put to work the nature of which will be dependen upon the existing circumstances a Styx. If there is a great deal of pre liminary work to be done the men wil be set to work clearing off thi grounds; if, however, the grounds ar In condition we will commence drill Ing at once. "A schedule of work will soon bE arranged, i.cluding drills in close ani extended order and rifle practice." Want Funds to Erect Hall. An appeal to the patriotism 1 South Carolinians was issued by W W. Moore, adjutant general, for fund with which to erect a commodiou: hall on the encampment grounds a Styx for the comfort and welfare o the enlisted men and officers. It i: estimated that the assembly hall which would be a permanent adjunc of the camp, would cost $750. Con tributns to the fund will be received in the office of the adjutant general. 'There is not a sufficient amount a state and federal funds available fo sh a worthy purpose," said Gen Moore. "and it Is my hope and desir4 hat people from all sections off th4 state w :11 send contributions to me a once so that the building can be pu in use early. "No one familiar with the rules an< regua'ions of army service. shoulc begrudgo the patriotic members of thi Natio:al Guard- a short period of re reation1 in a comfortable loungini -oom, where the men will have theil only opportunity to enjoy even par tially the luxuries of the homes the) have left. "For three years .I have urged upor the legislature the need of such a hall at the encampment grounds. The presnt crisis makes such a building all the more necessary as the men wil be hard at work for a large part o: tle day. and should have other places to lounge besides their tents. If coin strtu cce. the building will promote spirit of fellowship among the enlistet Peepes Defines Status of Guard. An opinion was given by Thomas H. Peeples, attorney general, advising that the authority over the National Guard of South Carolina was trans ferred to the president of the United States, immediately upon their cal: into service, according to the new mil itary statute of the United States passed Jun~e 3, 1916. Arguments offer ed to substantiate federalization o1 the guard were that they were entitled to the same pay, rations and allow ances; that all vacancies are filled by orders of the president; and all dis missals confirmed by his action. "The president is virtually given the entire ontrol of the National Guard when called into the service of the national government." Offers to Serve Guard as Nurse. Miss Susan P. Wainwright o1 Hampton has offered her services, of fering to got to Mexico as a nurse. "I desire after careful thought and calm consideration," writes Miss Wainwright to the adjutant general, "to offer my services to my country I am willing to go to Mexico as a nurse or in any capacity that would be esit. I would likee very much to ge to the anctual front. "I as a stenogra'her and under .atd general office work. I now hold a pasitonl with Lightsey Bros., Inc." ~quested to n endon Reser d speechesh1 STATE ITEMS OF INTEREST TO ALL SOUTH CAROLINA PEOPLE. McCormick county is eztitled to one t scholarship this year. C The South Carolina Building and f Loan League will meet at Chick i Springs June 27-2S. S i Frank McPherson Lander, M. D., t has been appointed first lieutenant in e the medical reserve corps. r Representatives of 18 associations of the South Carolina Baptist conven- t tion met in Columbia last week to dis- r cuss church problems. J. Lyles Glenn, Jr., son of Mr. and s Mrs. J. Lyles Glenn, of Chester, is s back at Namur in Belgium to assist i with relief work during the summer. i Frank W. Glenn, formerly colonel, Second South Carolina infantry, has been appointed a colonel in the in- i fantry section, officers' reserve corps. J. A. Fill and W. E. Hill of Abbe- I ville, have an order for 12,000 tons~of C potash bearng clay. The clay is 1 three miles from Abbeville and the i supply is enormous. The need of rigidly enforced com pulsory education laws was urged by William Sherard of Williamston, S. C., president of the Southern Textile as sociation meeting at Asheville, N. C. Circuit Judge T. J.- Mauldin at Spar tanburg dismissed a petition for an in junction against the sale of the Hamp ton Cotton Mills Company properties by the Parker Cotton Mills Company. W. M. Waters of Florence, S. C., was elected president and Danville, Va., was selected as the next meeting place at the final session at Asheville, 1 N. C., of the annual convention of the Southern Retail Furniture Association. The Columbia machine gun com pany, the organization of which has been in the hands of Capt. E. B. Can .tey and Lieut. W. C. McGowan, is I nearing its war strength of 74 men. Merchants and business men of Mc Cormick made a two-days' booster trip la.4t week. Col. E. M. Blythe of Greenville, of the First regiment ordered all com . pany commanders in his regiment tc open their armories, re-enlist all their men under the new federal law, bring their companies up to the required strength and hold their commands in readiness for instant mobilization. The Governor's Guards, one of the Columbia companies to be called into service, was organized in December. 1843. by special act of the legislature of South Carolina. Its first com mander was Capt. James D. Trade well, a distinguished member of the 1 Columbia bar, and afterwards mayor 1 of that city. The county-to-county campaign of candidates for state offices begun Tuesday in Spartanburg and will continue five days a week until August 26, withi the exception of 10 days rest in July. The candidates during the first week also speak in Greenville, Pickens. Walhalla and Anderson. The work on the hustings will come to a close in Winnsboro. At Hendersonville, N. C., the South Carolina Bankers' Association in its sixtiethi annual convention at Kanuga Club, norr Hendersonville, elected Ira B. Dunlap, Rock Hill, president to suc ced John W. Simpson of Spartan burg. Other officers of the association elected were: Charles D. Jones, Lan- I caster, vice president; Julian C. Rlog-C ers. Florence, re-elctcd secrctary and 'l treasurer. TPh rolling sand hills of Styx, cov-i ered with scrub oak and pine has 3 changed into a tented city of about 3 2.00 men; arnd it is thought that the i next few days will gradually increase C the population until a fair percentage 1 of the young men of the state will be t on hand. The last fe~w dlays have been t busy ones at the camp. Tents weret pitched, underbrush was cleared away t and work was begun on ; 3::te S roadway leading from the station to a the encampment site. h SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS ITEM~S. Capt. William F. Robertson of the Greenville company of coast artillery has been elected major of the Southc arolina C'cast Artillery corps. . J. Bundy. a white farmer living r about a mile from Cheraw, was. struck by lightning one afternloonl re cently during a severe storm, while t attempting to put down a window. sash. The lig-htning ran down his right side, burning .his clothing, arm.t and body. and e'utting out a large part of his right shoe.IL New Enterpriscs Authorized. 0 The secretary of state has issued a commissioni to the Oregon pharmacy of .Greenwood with a capital of $10, 000. s The L. B.- Tuten Gin Company of b Brunson has been commissioned with a capital of $2,000. The petitioners p are: L. 1B. Tuten. R. G. Addison, A. W. BrabhlAm. and H. C. Williams. The A and S randy Company cf o Colubia 1:.3 heen enartcred withi a ti capital ai $'.000. The officei nre: d Algie' W. Sims. priet and secre tary, and E. L. Allison, treasurer. 1 teet at the cow ves." Rememb ave been pron mn your forefati URN OUT MILLIONS OF PIPES lanufacturers in the United States Supply a Very Large Part of the World's Demand. Over 20,000,000 pipes are manufac ured annually in the United States. 'he wooden pipe is probably more istinctly national than any which Inds its way into the market. Rang ig in between the aristocratic meer chaum and the plebeian clay, it is arely expensive, while at the same ime its manufacture calls into exist nce a considerable industry. The oots of the mountain laurel and rho odendron are most generally used for pipe making, they being selected for he purpose on account of their du ability, hardness and the light polish rhich they are capable of taking. They re found throughout the southern tates generally-the best material is aid to come from North Carolina and s sent to the market in large pieces, which vary in size from that of a an's fist to the dimensions of a good ized keg. The material costs from 40 to $60 per ton, the price depend g upon the quality of the wood. In ad ition to the domestic material used a pipe making, immense quantities of rier root blocks are shipped into this ountry annually from southern rance and Italy.-Scientific Amer can. lOW NERVES CONTROL HABIT ,ystem Must Be Trained to Follow Called-For Motions. Along a Certain Path. Those who think a habit is just omething you remember-that Is, is urely a mental proposition, are mis aken. Habit is a question of mechan es as much as the smooth drawing f a piston rod. Habit is the action of nerve mo ions along a beaten path. A muscle omewhere in the body contracts and nerve moves because it cannot help t, and so on until the process is omplete, and-the thing we call habit s done. There are as many of these paths a the nervous system as there are habits. The impression which one terve center receives awakens another ,nd the whole path of the action is raveled over. The first time the action is per ormed the- nerve centers do not awak n theirr successors readily. For his reason some things are hard to earn. Everything that employs a reat many nerve centers is hard to earn, because the path must be worn, he nerve centers trained to act in equence. Once they are trained the abit is formed. The second call upon hem is easier than the first, the third asier than the second; etc. Lightning in Rural Districts. Nine-tenths of the annual mortality rom lightning occurs in the rural dis ricts (including under this head all owns and villages of 2,500 inhabi ants or less). Lightning is one of he principal causes of fires in the -ural districts, the loss from which night be largely lessened by putting ods on all barns and isolated build ngs. In respect of the number of deaths :aused by lightning, Nevada comes rst, followed (in order as given) by %orth Dakota, South Dakota, Colo ado, Montana and Utah. These tates mnay be said to comprise our >rincipal thunderstorm belt- The few st deaths and injuries from lightning ccur in the state of Washington, here storms of the kind are very in requent. "Uncle Sam." The application of the term "Uncle lam" to the United States had its be inning in Trcy, N. Y., during the war f 1812. A commission contractor of 'roy, named Elbert Anderson, had-a hop in which the siccks were always xamined and passed by a government aspector called Samuel Wilson, who as generally known as "Uncle Sam." Vhen the boxes were passed they1 rere always marked with the initials f the contractor and the nation, "EA ES." One day the man who was doing: lie marking was a~sked what the ini-1 ials stood for, and replied, jokingly, iat they were the initials of the con ractor and of "Uncle Sam." The joke pread among the men, got into print,i nd long before the end of the war ad become known all over the coun r. Mr. Wilson, the original "Uncle 1 am," died in Troy in 1854. Divine Right of Kings. The old idea of monarchy-the so illed "divine right of kings" - by -hich the ruler was regarded as the presentative within his dominions Sthe monarchy of God over all things 'as "shaken to its foundations" by ie English revolution of 1688 and shattered" by the French revolution 1789, to quote the phrases used by 1 ie Encyclopaedia Britannica. It has ot been recognized as a political I rce in England since the expulsion I I the Stuarts. - t Commercial. "That fellow Dauber's work is ab lutely rotten," exclaimed one of his rother artists. "He has no feeling r true art. All he cares for is to ander to the degraded taste of the ilistine public." "What's the reason for this venom us tirade against Dauber?" asked e mn who occupied the studio next; "What? Haven't you heard? The cky dub sold a picture yesterday." t house Frid4 er the night a ised by milit TOM AND DICK By ISABEL LEE. Tom's wife sat before her dressing able putting the fnishing touches to ier afternoon toilet. "ittle do you know how worried I um," Tom's wife sighed- pathetically. 'But I won't bother you with my troubles. You have so much to be happy about and so many plans to make for the wedding." Dick's fiancee bit her pretty lips. 'Tm not at all sure there is going to be any wedding," she said. "I don't even know whether to go Sown to shop or not," added. the younger woman. "Whats the use of getting the things when I don't know whether I shall want the-the we4-l ling veil and white satin and the rest? But don't taL.. .. poor little: me. Id so much r.her know wh you -are worrying." Tom's wife laughed softly. "First it was the teacup," she said. "It was _: the morning he asked me for a lem an. The next evening he bad a mys nerious little package when he came Tome. It was a horrid, sticky, teacup. "Well, the next night It happened again-such a horrid old cup. That kept on for several days. I asked hbn. utrigh t what it was all about. "'Wll, you have caught me, snook- : ems, haven't you?' Those were the , very words he used, and then Om laughed a little, rather sheepishly, and tried to kiss me:' 'I didn't. want to tell you at first,' he said. 'I thought you'd make a fuss about It. But that new English secretary-' "That new English secretary-and. that was the first time that I had even heard of the creature-he said -' had to have tea. They all do in Lon ion, he said. "'You've never had tea with me,' I said, 'and now for this-brazen English secretary. But why make a fool of yourself by bringing the cups home-'" "'Thats where the joke comes In,' he said laughing 'I thought of get ting Miss Stebbins to wash them, but she rebelled.' "'Just because I am a woman, I suppose you think I must do the drudgery. I never washed a dish in my life. If you want a servant you - should have hired one, and not- a stenographer,' said Miss Stebbins. "'I am sure I don't at all blamer Miss Stebbins,' I said." "You did perfectly right," .said Dick's fiancee. "I know all about-It. [ found Dick carrying not only one, but two cups home at night-his and the secr.etary's. He even brought : them around to wash, and then be told me, just as Tom did you, about the creature. Only he wouldn't say. much and I- said less. - I didn't want him to tell you that I was jealous and it is not -really that. Only, of course, if that Is the kind of man Dicks,f he is the sort wlho stoops to office flir ations." "Have you seen her?" iniuired Tom's wife, patting away an Imagfin ary tear through the meshes of her veil. "Heavens, no, and I don't 'want to. Of course, she is a tall, 'willowy, blonde. English women so ok~en are" The idea seemed teoccur to theml both at once of stealing unexpectedly nto the office where Tom and Dick beld their tea orgies every afternoon. Anud in less than half an hour the two women had started downtown with allI the intense excitement of a real ad enture. "It isn't as-if we were doing any ting underhanded," assured Tom's wife. "For I am sure any 'wife has a Ight to call at her husband's office. Do you suppose they sent way to London for her? I don't see why tey couldn't have sgot some honest, leserving American girl 'who would save been quite satisfactory." They had reached the office and ['om's wife went in first. Tom and ick were both in and showed no end >f pleasure at the visit. They took hem right into Tom's big, roomy of ce. "'Stick around for a half hour nore," Tom said, "and you can have :ea with us. Its a great institution, sn't it, Dick?" Both Tom's wife and Dick's fiancee miled coldly. But It was part of heir plot to stay. They peered around ~very curve and listened for every ound, expecting to see the 'willowy onde appear. But the only petti- - oats they saw were worn by the - ourfaced Miss Stebbins, who sat ounding away relentlessly at her ypwriter. "Maybe 'we can get the ladies- tor ash up the dishes," suggested Tom, 'It's such a nuisance to have to cart hem home with us." Toms wife had her ceue and, while )ick's fiancee fairly trembled at what ;he felt was bound to follow, she be "It seems to -ee that the English ecretary had better do the dishwash ng, since it was the English secre ry's idea to have tea." Tom and Dick began to .laugh. That's a good one," said Tom, and hen, at his sumons, a tall, fine-look ng middle-aged, well-tailored man ppeared. "The wife says you. ought to wash he dishes," Tom repeated with a ugh, and then he introduced them 1. You see it was Mr. Harry Harri on, the new London secretary of the ompany, whom Tom and Dick wanted vorably to impress and not- that ythd, willowy blonde at all. opyright. .1916. by McClure Newspaper~ Syndicate.) my night ~nd be at ary men Fore you.I