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VOL. XXVIII. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY JANUARY 12, 1916. OH TOWN LOOTED .MOB BURNS BUSINESS BLOCKS AND TAKE 60ODS AWAY MEN CRAZED WITH BOOZE Mob Loots Saloons First and Whis- I key Flows Like Water-Drunk- I Crazed Mad Men Fire Stores. and Loot Stocks-Troops Sent by Gov ernor and Order is Restored. Preparations are being made for 1 reopening the plants of the Youngs- c town Sheet and Tube Company, at t East Youngstown and Struthers, s Ohio, the two days of tranquility t after the rioting Friday night, which cost two lives and a million dollar property damage, having led offi cials to believe that the situation C was well under control. C State troops continued on duty s Sunday in the strike district. It was t estimated that twenty-five thousand sightseers from nearby points in Ohio- and Pennsylvania thronged the e run lined streets of East Youngs- c town. Special trains brought many persons.. The round-up of persons alleged to have participated In the looting of s.'eesFriday night continues. Nea.r ltwo h dred and fifty foreigners w ted while wagon loads of articles every description found in their holes were carried to -the Youngstown police station. These s articles, the police allege, were v stolen from stores attacked by the F mob. All available room in the county h jail in Youngstown has been filled n with prisoners and plans are being E made to place others in a large room L in the Court House under guard. A crowd of men and women gath- t: ered at the east Youngstown end of S the bridge at the company's plant , Friday morning and jeered the work- a men as they crossed. Suddenly a shot was fired and guards, taking t4 this as a signal, fired over the heads E of the crowd. The mob replied, and , another volley came. A number of t persons, including two women, fell to a the street and the mob broke and y ran up the hillside. 1I A block away they re-formed and si almost immediately set Are' to the . building occupied by the tube com- a pany's employment bureau. A little later they fired a small warehouse. and then turned their attcatien .tc private property. A saloon stood on the corner and a rush was made for the door. In a minute a shouting crowd filled the little room and helped themselves to what they saw. then the looting was complete the match was applied. ti A, qlthing store nearby was next t3 entered and the stock passed out to v the constantly growing crowd in the c( street by those inside. Clerks fled cc for their lives and when the looting n, was linish'd; the place was fired, a] By this time the mob was in a t] frenzy. Liquor idspassed around as freely as water, and those who t had no cups dipped it -up in the hollows of their hands, for within b, half an hour 'other saloons had been looted and the fire was si spreading rapidly A The main street parallels the rail- b road tracks at the foot of the hill h and streets led out of it up the hill P to the residence ' 'eit. For fully ul -an hour- or mored. e.mob was con- e tent with the small shops and sa- a loons on the s'de stieets but then It 0 turned its attention o more preten- el tfous qtores. * The mob had lost all semblance ofi leadership and splitting up into bands the looters went madly about the p -work of destruction. Saloon after di saloon was broken into, looted and o] fired, flames spreading to the other et business blocks on the street. Fanned m by a strong wind the fire tore its ni way up the hill and- many residences, fr some occupied *b ythe rioters, were burnedz. b ~Mayor Cunningham and his ten .cc policanien realized the sittiation was iz beyond them and gathered at the tc police statio:i. Sheriff Umstead had st been blineded temporarily by a red y pepper thrown in his eyes by a riot- ti er.. Later the mayor and sheriff con- Y~ ferred and a call was sent for state ci troops. - Meantime the rioting had been In O progress for several hours, and it y was seen that the business section st could not be saved. Every minute a: the crowd seemed to grow until there ri were hundreds of drink-crazed men f and women roaming the streets. The b< fire department had been called out T at the first alarm but the hose was n quickly cut to pieces and helpless they called on the Youngstown fire it department. b: Chief Joseph Wallace had men and ti equipment ready to send from the &i city, but found was useless to risk ti lives and property as long as the w mob had the town. Scenes of the al wildest disorder were everywhere oa enacted, and the fires mounted high- n er and higher until toward ten a o'clock Wilson avenue, the entire si length of the village was in flames.r N~o attempt was being made to ex tinguish the flames or save the thou- w sands of dollars in property being -r carried, away or destroyed. e * Early in the evening the mob had tl attacked the post office. It was a a small building and the dozen or more tl men who entered it made short work t< of it. The strong' box was' robbed p and the torch put to the building. 0 One of the handsomest buildings ? In the village was the banking house of G. V. Hamory. The mob paid no attention to it until after ten o clock. Then it was recalled that a saloon t had stood in that section and there was a rush to the place. The saloon was looted and fired and the flames 0 soon spread to the bank, destroying it. d A dry goods store near Seventha street and Wilson avenue shared a building with a saloon.. The party which selected it for their prey made the mistake of attacking the dry b goods store first. As they approach- t ed the door a man appeared at a win dow in the living Quarters above the store and fired one shot from his re Aoverioter, who had not been iden tifled, fell dead in the street and the others fled. They withdrew to the other side of Wilson avenue and after a conference tossed a brickb through one of the plate glass win dows. No shot came from above and encouraged, they stormed the place. At a dozen or more places in Wilson avenue barrels of whiskey *with the heads gone, stood in the roadway, and surrounding them r were many men and women, gulp ing down the rawliquor orpssing~ I it to friends in the crowd who( -f t get close endumbC to help t RUSSIANS WIN VICTORIES London Says Pressure Will Preven Invasion of Egypt. London declares the area of Rus sian successes over the Austro-Ger man forces in the east continues t< widen. Although the situatior xround Cznerowitz has not yet beer leared up officially, it appears fron idvices from Russian sources tha1 he Austrians are hard pressed ove long line of defence and are throw, ng huge reinforcements into the dis rict. The Russians here are expect d to strike at the Kolomea-Stanis au-Halicz line, where powerful de ensive works have been in prepara ion for some time by the Austro xermans. Meanwhile the Russian positior wo hundred and fifty miles farther torth on the Middle Styr River hai >een greatly strengthened by suc :essful operations in the region o: he great marshes, where the Rus lans are beginning to emerge fror he marshes, with prospects of being ble to use the roads leading either torthwest, west or southwest. Their Advance here has not been the result f an isolated battle, but of a series if engagements, lasting over a con iderable period. In the capitals Of he Entente allies the opinion is ex ressed tht the Russian offensive as completely upset the plans of the entral powers for an invasion of aloniki and Egypt. KINGSTREE LAD INJURED arold Steele, Hit by Automobile, Badly Hurt. Harold Steele, the twelve-year-obld on of Mrs. J. B. Steele of Kingstree, ras seriously if not fatally injured 'riday afternoon, when he was truck by an automobile in front of is home on East Main street. The iachine was being driven by Mr. W. . Carr, and it seems that the head [ghts failed to work. He was returning to town from he country and in front of the teele residence a wagon load of coal ras standing on the side of the road nd heading into the Steele yard. The load was too heavy for the mam to pull up the embankment and [arold was at one of the rear wheels, rhen the car ran into him, mashing he little fellow between the wagon ad the automobile. The night was ery dark and stormy and with no ghts on his machine it was impos ible for Mr. Carr to see the wagon, ad he is greatly distressed over the cident. WANS MORE. ASSURANCE iends Urge Wilson to Secure Pledge From Germanic Allies. Encouraged by the conciliatory at tude shown ty Germany and Aus la in recent diplomatic exchanges Ith the United Sta'es, officials are )nsidering requesting a definite and nnprehensive statement pledging t only Germany but all of her lies to respect in the. conduct of Leir sea warfare the guarantees as > the safety of American life for hich this government has con inded. President Wilson Is being urged r some of his close advisers to ask Le Germanic allies for definite as trances that no unarmed ships with mericans aboard shall be destroyed F any of them until the passengers ave reached a place of safety. The 'esident Is said to look with favor pon such a proposal, but has reach I no decision. In any case he prob yly will take no steps untiu details pending negotiations have been eared up. iemselves. A number of clothing stores fell a rey to the rioters, and almost imme ately men began exchanging their d clothes for the loot they had seiz I. This change of apparel was .ad in the street, lighted almost to ,onday brightness by the flames om half a hundred buildings. By this time so much property had ien destroyed and the mob had be me so enflamed that the better cit ens had fled. Many families came >Youngstown and others took the reet cars to communities father ay, as the conviction was gi-owing Lat if the disorder spread to oungstown nothing could save the A dozen or more citizens, led by scar Diser, city solicitor of East oungstown, gatheffed at the police ation and pleaded with the police id other city officials to attack the oters. It was almost midnight be ire a force of forty armed men had een gathered in Wilson avenue. hen with Diser to lead them they oved down the street. Only a block away the rioters were ting the last building on the ock, and the citIzens fired over eir heads. The rioters ran, but ding no one had been killed, they irned and sent shot after shot to ard the posse. No one was hurt, ad the posse fired again. A dozen e more rioters went down and the Lob ran down the street. Scores of en, their pockets bulging with loot, umbled over each other in a mad 2sh to get away. The posse followed closely and herever possible chased the rioters ito side streets men being detach from among the citizens to round iem up. In half an hour Wilson venue had been almost cleared of ie mob, but small bands were scat ared about the hillside: as fast as ossible these men were driven by iain force to the police station and utomobiles took them to Youngs >wn. Clearing the streets gave the 'oungstown fire department an op ortunity to get into East Youngs wn. There was still some work yr them to do and. water was thrown n the ruins the rest of the night, but te wreck was most complete. By aybreak the walls of many of the rik buildings burned began to fall nd the principal streets were roped ff and sightseers excluded. What became of the mob when it led before the bullets, of the posse as not yet been determined, al tough it is known that hundreds of ien streamed along country roads ading out of East Youngstown. hile many others made their way ito Youngstown. At four o'clock it was reported hat the mob was re-forming on the ills back of the iage determined attack again an e posse, which ad been helping ~e fire departarent, ras reassembled. and guards were et until the soldiers could arrive. he troops came at daybreak. Coleman is Columbia P. M~. Representative Lever Wednesday ecommended the appointment of ormer Sheriff Wmn. H. Coleman of ichland county, to be postmaster at oumba. The noxninlation will go o the suate In a few days. ATTACK NEOROES tC NEW YORKERS KILLED MANY t IN FAMOUS WAR RIOTS LI Li OPPOSED CONSCRIPTION : b Terrible Times in Great City When s United States Government Tried to t Force Men to Join the Army r d Against the South-Troops Restor t1 ed Order.% England right now is experiencing c qualms about conscription. "Civil war" and "social revolt" are terms that are linked with any discussion of the subject, says the Kansas City n Star. The vast majority of men do not volunteer for war. The United Stgtes found that out in the rebellion id had to use the draft. And the draft was, in a way, the last resort. It e produced results. It is said that England dares not try conscription in the face of the b present opposition, but conscription in the United States, too, was bitterly . opposed. It was charged that the administration was reckless and irre- 0 sponsible and was promulgating the doctrine of compulsory military ser vice to further political ends. Lin- s coln was slandered and abused. New York was the centre of op position, and when the enrolling of ficers opened their booths the city was thrown Into a state of bloody riot that lasted nearly a week, in which many were killed and wounded ] and property damaged to the extent of $2.000,000. In January, 1863, the Quarterly Review published an article urging conscription. It said: "The couritry calls for sacrifices at the commands of duty, and a people that refuses to make them has ceased to be worthy of liberty or nationality." The South was forcing its men into service, and the North was trying to fight the war with volunteers-and not succeeding to any great extent. Some one pointed out that the Con- b federate.s had come nearer taking b. Washington than the federals had taking Richmond. w Many newspapers opposed the draft in fiery editorials. The New a York Daily News said: "The mis creants at the head of the govern- t ment are bending all their power to securing a perpetuation of their h( ascendency for another four years, and their triple method of accom plishing this purpose is to kill off al Democrats, stuff the ballot box with bogus soldier votes and deluge the b( recusant district with negro suffrage. b The people are notified that one out of about two and a half of our citi zens are to be brought off into Messrs. Lincoln & Co.'s charnel in house. God forbid!" The World said: "Weak and reck- m less men at the head of the govern ment are forcing conscription as an z unnecessary stretch of governmental th control over .individual liberty.'? th But the government had to take dn the risk. The Confederacy, on April Su 16, 1862, had adopted a measure placing all white mcn between the ages of 18 and 25 at the disposal of their executive, and those already en listed for one or two years were noti- th fled that they would be held for the uration of the war. Nearly a year later the Union was th struggling along with the volunteer v system and meeting reverses. Like e England of to-day, the. pleas to e atriotism were -about exhausted and br housands of able bodied men were do shirking from battle. Human life r hen, as now, was not the cheapest Ti hing, despite such fatuous state- sti ents. Men lost in battle could not bo e replaced in munitions factories. Lincoln summed the situation up. to "We are contending with an enemy h who, as I understand," he saidh drives every able bodied man he an reach into his ranks very much t s a butcher drives bullocks into a slaughter pen. No time is wasted, no tu argument used. This produces an s rmy with a rapidity not to be match-A d on our side if we first waste time o experiment with the volunteer sys- ta: em." se Conscription was decided upon and m dopted Miarch 3, 1863, by a vote of e 15 to 49 in the House. A motion y o delay the measure was overwhelm d in the Senate, and it was adopted th without a roll call of the yeas and pr ays. .t o: The act provided that all men, in luding negroes and aliens who hadse eclared for citizenship, between the o ges of 18 and 45, were to be draft- to d by the president, at his decretion, er for not more than three years. Those between the ages of 20 and 35 n .re to be in the first class and the others in the second. Federal provost mar shals were to enroll the men within the scope of the act and those not Es reporting were to be considered as deserters. A commutation of service could be bought for $300. Federal judges and ac governors of states were exempt, as L were only sons of widowed and de pendent mothers or of aged and in irm fathers. Fathers of motherless a children less than 12 years old were S excluded, and there were several other classes set aside. i The first draft for conscript in i New York was advertised for July 13. st 1863. In the days immediately pre eding incendiary handbills had ap 1 eared mysteriously and had incited hi revolt. Several newspapers denounc ed the draft-or any form of con- s scription-as needless, unconstitu- i tional and outrageous. It was as- in serted that the enrolment from New b York was too high already and thatH there would be fraud in drawing m names from the wheel. The morning the enrolling officers took their stations crowds began to gather especially in the uptown dis trict, where there was a compact, foreign-born laboring population. The drawing commenced at a house B at Forty-ninth street artd Third ave nue, and nearly a hundred names had been drawn out peacably, when a pistol shot was fired in the street in the midst of a large crowd. 0 It must have been a signal. The f house was showered instantly with bricks and stones, and a wild mob ' rushed in, driving out the officersE and clerks with bricks and clubs. CC The paners were tort. up and the " books destroyed. Some one produced a can of tur pentine and poured it over the furni-$ ture and struck a match. Policemen and draft officers made a feeble at-$ tempt to disperse the rioters and I check the flames. but they were driven off by a bombardment of stones. John A. -Kennedy, superintendent of police, appeared in response to a rush call. He was not In uniform. C but he was recognized and was set v upon an navi'I heaten. The mob o IREEK PRINE SEES BOMBS IT ALLIES AT SALONIIU [issiles are Dropped With Accuracy I by Planes 3,000 Feet High-.. Fleet's Guns Reply. Athens, via Paris, Wednesday: rince Andrsw of Greece, brother ofi :ing Constantine, in an interview to ay with the correspondent of the .ssociated Press, described the aerial ombardment of the Allies' camp at p eltenlik, on the .outskirts of Salon d; on December 30: "The bombardment and the reply E the fleets anchored in the roads f Saloniki," said the prince, "was rne of the most extraordinary sights naginable. I was riding back from ie morning's work with my regi tent when I was startled by a deaf iing explosion from two hundred d! irds away. A great cloud of black 0 noke arose, followed shortly .by E tree more explosions at regular in- S rvals. Then came the familiar ti )cket-like sound of a shell passing ei ver the air evidently fired by one of n ie warships in the harbor. "Naturally, my first thought was ci tat for some reason the fleet was ,mbarding Saloniki. Therefore, I >de straight to the nearest British bi yst, which happened to be a hospital T4 4 At far from the Greek camp. 6 "'Why are you bombarding the ty?' I asked the officers. ta "Then for the first time I looked li, p and saw three machines fully aj tree thousand feet high flying in e2 ne from the northeast and turning w Lst over the harbor toward the th artheast and turning just over the irbor toward the northwest in hich direction they finally disap ared. In "The bombs dropped with the m ,eatest precision, one after another, m Dling and wt unding a number of al e Allies' soldiers -but not touching S1 e city. Meanwhile the firing of the set grew thunderous. It was im >ssible to hear yourself spe.k. In D *short time it became evid.-nt that Le fire from the fleet was more dan rous than the -bombs fr m the aero- th anes as some of the shells aimed Ud whistled directly over the town, e narrowly missing Major Metaxas A id a troop of Greek cavalry return- L g from exercise. "Toward noon a fourth aeroplane Tived, following exactly the same urse .as the others, though flying wer. The black Maltese crosses a're plainly visible on its wings.- My Ze Lfe and I watched its flight from the ac lcony of our house. t "Riding home along King George of reet, towards tea -time, I was "t tounded to see French soldiers and ar lense crowd of onlookerg surround- tr g the German consulate. Farther )ng the street other consulates pre ted the same sight. The consuls Pt re hustled .through the crowd, by ken to the headquarters of the ga -inch comiander, General Sarrail, be ss examined and then-.put aboard P e battleship Patrie to the adcom- h niment throughout of the stares cli d commerts of the - curious ne >wds." Se Asked whether he would return to ge lniki, the prince replied: of course I shall. Why shouidn't th Despite appearances, Saloniki is ife 11 Greek." go WORST ORIP EPIDEMIC YET th reading Fr6m Coast to Coast and L. Iwi. Taking Large Toll in Lives. sei th; Influenza. Is spreading over the go ited States from coast to coast in th a most serious epidemic ever wa own, taking a large toll in lives de d causing economic loss by inca citating workers in all walks of Ur .pa Reports from public health service mi icers made public by Surgeon Gen- int il Blue show that already the dis s has created a grave problem for y. of the larger cities, and is fir reading to the rural com'munities. thi New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, 00 ston, San Francisco, Seattle, Cleve-- lo id, and Detroit reported the dis,. hii se widely prevalent. Cleveland and sei troit'each have probably one hun- cu ed thousand cases. Of the larger as les Buffalo, 'Pittsburgh, Baltimore, thi a Diego, Dallas and Mobile report no signs of an epidemic. W There Is practically nothing the th leral 'governhment' can do toward ling in suppression of the epidemic. Re must be dealt with by local aix- col rities, and they, In turn, it.ls ex- me Lined, are almost helpless without tri -operation of the -public. Surgeon no neral Blue said he had' called for en orts from all parts of the country to: th the hope that publicity would tal id to stimulate this co-operation. RUSSIANS ~ADVANCING Ge sh enna Reports Enormous Losses to He Hosts of the Czar-.U Everywhere in the Stripa, and Vol nian districts of Russia and in a t Galicia the Russians are on the en ensive, the official communications sh >m both Petrograd and Vienna re- a al. - Cznerowitz, capital of Buko na, is the -position around which P0 a most Important fighting is in pro- eh The Russian war office reports. that s Russians have occupied a line of nehes northeast of Czernowitz and wc ye repulsed strong counter attacks. " Reter: dispatch from Petrograd we ;es a report of the evacuation of Dr ernowitz and the capture by the. bu ssians of a large number of pris- ta ers, inicluding Germans. by There has been a strong advance wC the Russians on this front, al- tic ugh Vienna says that the Russian is acks have been unsuccessful and at their losses have been appalling, is one sector, six miles in width, wc 100 Russian dead have been count- 'a of 0APAN NOT AN ENEMY % nator Shafroth -- Reports Only co sh Friendliness .There. er In a speech in the Senate Friday i vocating the administration Uhil- L pines bill, Senator Shafroth of Col- N ado declared he believed Japan uld join in an international agree-ti ent to respect the autonomy of the L ands if they ultimately were given th dependence as promised in th' nding measure. Mr. Shafroth said n had spent much time in Japan in e past year and had found only o lendliness there both for the Ujnited ates and Philippines. Sends Johnon's Name. The president Wednesday sent to le Senate the nomination of Joseph '1 hnson of Spartanburg, to be unit- fo States district judge for the west- S4 'n dit+rict of Sonth Carolna. ,ained in fury. A small force of the . nvalid corps was rushed to the scene if trouble, but was overpowered and riven off. By that time the rioters Lumbered thousands instead of hun reds. The firemen were called out, but 3 hey loitered on the way and when hey did appear they were greeted rith jeers and derisive applause. 'hey made no attempt to save the urning building,- but .succeeded in topping the spread of the flames y fter several adjoining buildings had y een destroyed. d The mob began to march through ' he streets. The loafers of 10,000 b aloons poured out and joined the 2 rocession. Word was spread through 1: :e city of the success of the insur action, and men who opposed the raft turned out by the thousands. 0 There was no force to cope with 0 ie situation. The police, although 11 ell organized, were powerless. The t] ity's militia was in the interior of 1 ennsylvania and there was only a e nall military force at Governor's land-a handful-in the forts com- s Landing the sea approaches. tl The mob moved over the city call- t ig at gas houses, railroad offices, r< orkshops and factories demanding . iat all work be stopped, and the t, borers join the ranks. Throigh ther sympathy or cowardice the de Lands were generally granted. - b By 3 o'clock in the afternoon the r [ty was in a tourmoil. D e ellowing men roamed the streets, undering shops and attacking wellings of, persons said to fayor )scription. The lowest elements in the city varmed out by tens of thousands ad rushed through street after ti reet. It was worse the two follow- li g days. ji A negro boy was chased at full k speed by a hundred white men. Tegroes were turned out of their ,ouses, beaten and several were killed. Others, in abject fear, hid. A negro man was hanged on a busy street, his clothes set afire k md his body left hanging for t iours. ti The Negro Orphan Asylum, at Fifth avenue and Forty-sixth PI treet, was sacked and burned a while the two hundred Inmates ti led. The furniture was carried gi )ut and taken away by the women P olk of the rioters. 01 An enrolling office at Twenty- ai nth street and Broadw.y stood in a iE ock of stores, one of which was a >dsmith's shop, Aeavily stocked a, ith jewelry. Every store was loot- e I and stripped and the buildings set lo ire. Firemen were forbidden -to- w ;ht the flames. In twenty minutes W e walls crashed down and then the bg -emen were allowed- to play their >se- s The riots kept up for three days. s Brooklyn a grain elevator valued a $100,040 was burned. A small in dy of soldiers was called in from al ity on the harbor, and they, with a dy of militia hastily mustered in, gan crowding the mob back into w' ta own quarters. There was more hting for a time, but less plunder g and burning, and the riotei's be- cr .n to lose spirit as they saw. their ambers fall before rifle bullets. A 1 [mber were'killed. at The climax had been reached. Gov. c ymour addroised *he rioters from. e city hall and prnmised to use his S [luence in Washingtoi fo h-ierthe aft suspended. News of Federl , ccessr- also sapped enthusiasm. st le disturbances dwindled down to >ated robberies and attacks upon groes. One force of rioters, however, held D. eastern upper part of the city, S13 iere there. were many large tene- . mt houses. It was in that district, at a Col. O'Brien, commander of a lunteer regiment, had been follow- U to his home the second day and atean to death. His body was then th aged through the streets with a h pe around his neck. an The rioters made their last stand pa ursday. evening near Twenty-third hf -eet and Third avenue. A small o dy of soldiers opened fire on men " ao were stoning them from house- er s. Other soldiers entered the ea uses and made prisoners of all the O m they found. Thirteen rioters sp ~re killed, eighteen wous-ed and B enty-four made prisoners. . B Several regiments of militia re- la ned from Pennsylvania and were ea on followed by veterans from the DE 'my of the Pot-omac. Riots ceased. dr There had been similar and simul- ci aous disturbances in Boston, Jer- Sa y City. Troy and Jamaica and in ed my other places, but they were ded with the collapse of the New fe irk insurrection. a1i The city authorities, to avoid fur- It er trouble, borrowed and appro. th iated large sums of money to pay pl~ r volunteers. and the city's quota .co Ls fe without conscription. Con- GE ription, however, went oni through- re: t the Union, and Grant-was enabled wi raisa the gigantic. armies that te: Lshed the rebellion. FEUD CARRIED A YEAR till Man is Shot to Death by His Brother-in-Law. As the result of an old feud, Hor- h3 e Long was shot and killed at ea na Friday afternoon about froi ~lock by his brother-in-law, Calvin f uman. About a year ago Long ye d Shuman met in Hampton and w uman was badly beaten by Long. t ce that time bad feeling has ex- g Friday Long was sitting on the tli aps of his brother's store where he tri employed when Shuman, it is al- A ted, rode up in his buggy, hitched A s horse, walked over to where gi >ng was sitting and opened fire, C ooting him four times. Death was R stantaneous, one bullet going 05 rough the heart. Shuman walked .k to his buggy and drove tob ampton and surrendered. Both are t arried and about thirty years of th :e. in 9 EXPORTS FROM BERLIN ~ g Falling Off Shown by the Fig ures for Year 1915. Exports from the consular district Berlin to the United States in the urth quarter of 1915 amounted to 2,587, compared with $3,600,235 at the corresponding period of 1914. ip Cports to the Philippines were $443 0r mpared with $19,8S2. Total ex- w >rts to the United States in 1915 m ere $4.377,943, as against $16C.- is 0,291 in 1914; to the Philippines in ~9,266 compared with $203,556. German sent goods to the value of h< 48 to Hawaii in 1915, and $1,333 th 1914. Imports amounted to $3.- fr 3 last year, as against $72,241 in Si 31 4. E. D. Smith Succeeds Himself. Senator Ellison D. Smith of South tI arolina, absent when. congress con- J< ned in December, took the oath of ei mt Ic I the iSenate Tuesday. , jENATORS TALK OUT OREIGN AFFAIRS DISCUSSED FROM VARIOUS ANOLES ARTY LINES OBSCURED. resident Wilson Gets Praise From Republicans and Knocks From Democrats-James Sharp Williams Vigorously Praises Clear Visioned Man in White House. Bonds of restraint against public scussion of international relations the United States incident to the uropean war were broken in the mate Wednesday, and for more Lan an hour the session was enliv led by debate over the government's %utrality policy, -exports of war unitions and travel by American tizens on belligerent-owned ships. There was no division of the de tters along party lines. Senator nes of Washington, Republican, mnounced as "unpatriotic" American tizens who Imperilled the nation by king passage on belligerent vessels. mnator Works, of California, Repub ,an, asserted that the government the United States was "hypocriti 1My" claiming to be neutral when it as in fact participating in the war rough the sale of munitions. Senator Lodge, ranking Republican ember of the foreign relations com ittee, declared that to place an em trgo on arms now would be worth ore to Germany, than a million en, "it would be grossly unneutral" td would, in fact, make the United ates the ally of Germany. Senators O'Gormai of New York id Hitchcock of Nebraska, both mocrats, urged the advisability of L embargo on, munitions. Senator Gorman also informed the Senate at American Consul R. N. McNeely, do lost his life on the British liner .rsia, had disregarded the advice of nerican Consul General Skinner, at ndon, that he make the journey to len on a Dutch vessel. The discussion was precipitated ien Senator Jones read a news per editorial urging American citi ns to keep off belligerent ships and vising the president to proceed >wly in the present crisis, heeding e interest of ninety-nine millions Americans rather than that of a' housand reckless, inconsiderate .d -unpatriotic citizens who insist on iveling on belligerent ships." Senator Nelson of. Minnesota, Re blican, aroused Senator O'Gorman asking whether Senator Jones re rded Consul McNeely unpatriotic cause he sailed for his post on -the rsia. After the New York senator d explained that McNeely- had de ned to heed Consul General Skin r's advice to sail on a Dutch ship. nator Works blazed the way to eral debate on the position of the ited States in the war by declaring a American government was not utral. Asserting at the outset that the vernment shared responsibility for i ths of Americans on the Lusiltania I ) California senator said: "The government knew that the sitania was loaded to the guards th ammunition and explosives. Pas igers were permitted in spite of s, to travel on the vessel. The vernment itself, in full knowledge it the ship carried munitions of ris morally responsible for the aths of our citizens." When Senator Works declared the itod States actually was partici ting in'the war by the sale of mnitions Senator Reed, Democrat, errupted to ask: 'Does the senator know that the it loan placed in this country after Swar began was a loan of $25, 0,000 to Germany, and that the n was made without protest from n or any other citizen? Does the I ator not know that Germany pro 'ed arms in this country as long it was possible for her to get "That may all be true," Senator yrks replied, "but it does not alterC Ssituation." "If it be true," continued Senator ed, "that the markets of this intry are free and open to Ger ,ny - as well as to all other coun es, and that this government does t distinguish between any belliger Snations, then how can the sena -say that this government has :en an unneutral position?" "It is impossible to get arms to rmany, and I say it is morally ong for this government to permit .pments of arms to any of the bel erents," Senator Works insisted. added that his principal objection s based on a conviction that the ited States was aiding in prolong the war and the killing of men, c that he would not only put an bargo on munitions, but also on pument of food and clothing to the nies of Europe. Senator Lodge, in upholding the ition of the United States as to the .pment of munitions, engaged in a .gthy colloquy with Senators sorman, Hitchcock and others. "Our markets are open to all the rld to buy." said Senator Lodge. condition has been~ created by this r, and by the war alone, which svents one or niore bclligerents ying in this market. If we under te to reverse a condition created the war we at once enter into the .r and endeavor to restore a condi n existing before the war, and that an act of unneutrality." "Evidently in time of war, such as~ now disturbing the peace of the rld," Senator O'Gorman rejoined. Imost any act of a neutral power uld' be regarded by som' as an act partiality, but, in my judgment. s government, if it deemed it best the American nation and the best ~urity of peace with all the nations ld place an embargo against the pment of munitions to any bellig mnt without expising itself to the putation of an unneutral act." Senator Hitchcock asked Senato dge whether it was unneutral for rway, Denmark. Sweden and Hol id to niace an embargo on muni ins after the war began. Senato' dge said he thought not. because at act did not change a condition 'Placing of the embargo by these' tions," Senator Hitchcock replied eprived Germany of a safe method procuring munitions and other ntraband from those countries and t no one was heard to claim that ose countries were guilty of un autrality. Mexico furnished the vehicle iursday for another discussion of reign relations on the floor of the nate, in which Senator John Sharp -mllams of Mississippi, took the RECEIVED NO WARNIN AND SAW NO SUBMARINE Advices Received at Washington Fri day From U. S. Consul Garrels at Alexandria. Consul Garrels at Alexandia, Egypt, Friday -advised the state de partment that he had obtained affi davits from twenty-one survivors of the Persia, including Charles H. Grant, an American citizen, and that all confirmed previous statements that "no warning was given and no vessel was seen." The Austr -Hungarian government was without information concerning the sinking of the Persia, according to a dispatch received Friday by the state department from Ambassador Penfield at Vienna. Officers and crew of the- Persia, the consul advised, have left Alex andria for England, where their affti davits probably will be obtained upon arrival. Consul Garrels has been in structed to forward summaries of the affidavits he'has obtained. Ambassador Penfield's dispatch was dated Thursday and contained only informal in formation in response to his inquiry as to whether the Aus tro-Hungarian government had knowledge of the sinking of the Persia, and if so, what the circum stances were. leading part. It preceded the adop tion without opposition of a resolu tion offered by Senator Fall calling on President Wilson for all available Information bearing upon the recog nition of the Carranza government by the United States. Senators.,Fall and Lodge insisted that the president should inform con gress fully concerning the situation before the nomination of an ambas sador to Mexico was confirmed. Senator' Williams diverted atten tion from Mexico by commenting upon questions arising from the European war. He said an embargo on exports-of munitions would "ham string" the United States. . . Senator Borah wanted to know whether the Mississippi senatoT thought that after the -war .some European government would attack the United States "out of a pure spirit of conquest." "I am not anticipating an attack. in the first place," Senator Williams replied. "I am anticipating bullying first, and I am anticipating the fact that the American people will not consent to be bullied. I will tell.the senator why I anticipate bullying. A great power in Europe to-day be lieves that we have virtually made urselves allies of the other belliger ent, because whatever was the princi ple of international law and ivhat ever was the traditional policy of the tederal government, the effect upon them has been thtt when. we export d munitions of war to both the bel ligerents equally on paper, but to onr elligerent only in fact because the :ther belligerent haL no sea power mnd no means of transportation, and :hat we have virtually become the ilies of their enemy. We have rais >d some very delicate questions with :at power. They remain to be set :led.. There will be plenty of diplo natic talk and there will be plenty :o quairel about. "They are in the field - of diplo nacy now and the president of the 7nited States has very wisely at :empted to keep them within the field >f diplomacy, and I am sorry for one hat congress had to meet right now. think the management of our dip omatic affairs would have been more isely handled by a man long vis oned and deep visioned and 'tender isioned than we have. He has all ree of them. They are apt to be nismanaged when they are made a ~ame of battledore and shuttlecock n the floor of these two houses, ~ven when I am one who plays the ~ame. "You ask me what we are going o expect aggression about. My an-. wer Is, we have already had it if tssassinatng women and children on marmed merchant ships on the high eas wherever they go be not aggres ion, and if after having that fact ~rought to the attention of a great ower, the great power talks, and if ~hle it is talking it perpetrates the ame crime on the same crew of the nferior ship, and after having made n apology it perpetrates the same rime upon the crew of still another hip, and If then it has agreed that he future policy shall be limited by ur demands, another ally of the nine power perpetrates the same rime on still another ship, and then ells us In high toned dogmnatism of liplomacy we have never discussed he matter with them and they had ight to murder women, children and nen non-combatants on an unarmed hip after their allies agreed not to lo it on the high diplomatic grounds hat we had never discussed it with hem." Referring to alleged attempts to reaken the Democratic administra ion through airing of views on the var, Senator Williams asserted: "I for one decline to bring a great nternational question down into the lust and sweat and turmoil of politi al discussion. I will only say that here is in the White House at this me one who has deep vision, long -isin. a vision which after it sees Lnd before it advised action, consid trs thoughtfully not only American iumanity, but humanity all over the vorld." BRITAIN SEIZES SilIPS rakes Control in Order to Insure Supply of Grain and Food. The British government is taking tringent measures to see that the >revailing shortage in ships shall not nterfere with the shipment of food Lnd other necessaries to ports in the Jnited Kingdom. Vessels are being ~equisitioned right and left for the hipment of wheat from the Amern tas. and in shipping circles it is re orted that the admiralty intends tc tall in the British ships now trading etween foreign ports. Th1e latter measure is expected par icularly to af'ect British ships trad g between South America and the nited States. Shippers- in Lon dor >redict that such action would have L disastrous effect on this trade. Serbians at Scutari. In parliament Lord Robert Cecil nder secretary for foreign affairs.: aid that there was a considerable body of the Serbian army at Scutari where at first the men had been in reat distress. But the situation, he dded, had now been largely relieved. Many Flee Into Greec-e. Telegrams from Athens say that the number of Serbian refugees in Greek territory is now forty thou sand, of whom six- thousand are at Saarmikt. OFFERS INiENITI."' GERMAN WILL INDEMNffYD-VI-" TIMS OF TILE LUSITAMI ilYES NEW ASSURANIES Von Bernstorff Sees Lansing -FrMa and Says That German Subs Re. spects United States' Demnin 1n Mediterranean as Well as n &h North Sea. Count von Bernstorff, the Ge man ambassador, presented to ee. retary Lansing Friday a proposal t& pay Indemnity for. AneicaW lost in the Lusitania dsa'serand thereby conclude that controversy and In addition give assurances that any German submariner In th Mediterranean would not attack non-combatant ships of ay char ae ter without. warning, or- destrofc. them without opportunity for ncu. combatants to reach . a place - safety. While offering Indemnity In t e Lusitania case, Germany makes. reserva'don that it is done'.*I admission of wrong, doing. Nobe cial indication was given as to he acceptability of the proposal, but set of American officials took-7. T4e ! view that it would end the co versy. The assurances regarding subma rine warfare in the Mediterranean are of broader scope- than those given after the Arabic disaster, and cove ing the warfare in the North'Ses., The latter guaranteed only the safety of "lines. - Those for the Meder ranean cover all non-combatant shipa . Proposals which the Germ n go; ernment believes will end. the-con troversy. over the Lusitania didsteN.N in a manner satisfactory to-the Unit-W ed States were received -In Washan. ton Friday from- Berlin. Count".omt% Bernstorff hid an appointnient to confer with Secretary .Lansing Fri day afternoon. Germany is believed to have agr'ee to pay an inlemnity for the Amer ^ans when the lined was.torpedoed at the same time- basing a rdserva tion of any wrong doing upoaithe contention that the destruction of this vessel was an act of reprisal in-re taliation for the British blockade of Germany. - Germany also Is understood to be ready to give assurances that her submarine commanders operating'i n the Mediterranean will not torpedo without warning privately-owned -ves sels of any description, including.7 liners, freigbters and tramp .eam ers. German assurances in regard to " submarine warfare in'the North.sea include only liners in passenger ser vice. It was also stated with author that Germany virtually agreed with the position of the United States in regard to small boats -not .-being, - under all conditions, a place of. for passengers aboard a ship about to-,.' be destroyed. These last concessionS are understood to have been contain ed in the las. note from Germany re garding the sinking of the ship WiI liam P. Frye. The communication reached the state department several weeks ago but has been withheld from pimblica tion on the ground that it had a cer tain bearing upon the Lusitanla nego tiations. Germany Is understood to have fully agreed with- the American. point of view. The assurances rarlgthe con duct of submarine warfa~ In the Mediterranean convey the *rst infor mation that German submarines'were operating there. In excluding all ships except liners from the asur ances covering submarine war~e .eIn the North Sea, the German govern ment was represented a iconsidering that no Americans could possibly be aboard ships other than liners In regular passenger carrying service. It has been known for some time that Count von Bernstorff had de vised a plan which he believed would. satisfactorily .end the Lusitania con troversy. He was understood to. have submitted the proposition to the Ber lin foreign office before Christmas. There was some delay because of the adverse sentiment created by -the re quest for the dismissal of the Ger man naval and military attaches, and tho demands in the first American note to Austria-Hungary on the sink ing of tihe Italian liner Ancoga. As for the disavowal asked" by gh United States, the German govern ment was represented as considering " that the most effective form of dis avowal was assurances that such acts should not be commtted in the future. The assurances regarding the conduct of German submarines in the Mediterranean were under stood to be nearly identical with those contained in A-istria's reply to the last American note on the. Ancona. REAMh NEW YORK SAFELY Passengers of Wrecked Greek Stam-. ship Find a Haven. The passengers who were forced to abandon the sinking Greek steamship Thessaloniki at sea arrived in New York Friday on the steamship 'Patris of the same line, and gave vivid de scriptions of the hardships they had suffered during the five weeks that the Thessaloniki w-s battered by a series of terrific gales. On December 25, Christmas Day, nsssengers said, the supply of meat on the Thessaloniki was exhausted, only a few gallons of water were left, and the ship's officers began to por tion out short rations of the meagre supp'y of food which remained. The Thessaloniki first sprang a leak when she encountered a hurri cane which raged for twelve hourse on December 21. The boiler and en gine rooms were partly flooded and the steamer sent out calls for assista ance. After the hurricane subsided, however, the flooded portions of the ship were numned out and th. steam er proceeded on her voyage. I * | Bulhrars Grant Money for War. A war credit of one hundred mil 'inn dollars was enthusiastically ap proved by the Bulgarian parliament, navs a dispatch to the London Times from Saloniki. All sections of the - opposition voted with the govern ment. Cigarettes for Armies. Twelve carloads of cigarettes a~ reced Savannahi from "Richinin~