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VOL. XXVIII. MANNING, S. C.,. WED NESDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1915. PEACE PLANS AFOI LONDON SEES fiMN H BEIND CURRENT RUMORS NO NEWS IN WASHINGTI New York Times Correspond Writes Interesting Story Cone ing Probable Attempt of Cent Empires to Make Pesc" During Winter-Diplomatic Comment. From an extremely well nfor ed source it is learned that a de nite move in the direction of pea by the cmtral empires Is in col templation, if not even actuaxy I preparation. The agency by means of wh! Germany and her allies will seek approach the Entente powers has ready beei selected by Wilhel strasse; and, although it can not degnitely stated that the Americ government Is the chosen inst ment, there are indications, acco: ing to the London correspondent The New York Times, that Berl eyes will 'be turned hopefully Washington. if the preliminary negtoiatic should shew that President Wilso: declared readiness to act would nullified or restricted by the conv tion, arrived at on data avallab that his mediation was unlikely to acceptable to one section of the wi ring powers, it is probable that i course will be had to the Pope. The correspondent's Informs who makes this prediction, has I cently been in'Germany, where, as official holding a high position In neutral country, be had good opp< tunities of guaging the views of lea Ing men.: The realization that t contnuance of the war will be dim trous to Germany's economic, na ciaL, and commercial resources, a particularly to her future recupe aso, owing to the drain of ma power, I he says, strong among w who count the most in the empt" snamen. Theirconfidence in their abilit to maiutain their military superio t is just. as geat; but peace I anmatii, even at the sacrifice a many things their armies bay woan. How far Germany would go In th direction, he says, is a questic which can be decided only when t terms of peace actually come up I discussion; but he asserts that Gi many and Austria are ready to ml the Entente powers considerat more than half way. Whether the latter are likely accept anything less than all th have laid down as conditions of pea is altogether another matter, wich my informant expressed opinion. But on the point that t central empires want peace at eve from their point of view, a hi price, and. will this winter make d4 inite proposals through the best I termediary available, he is most el phatic. Officials of diplematic establis ments of some of the Entente pow4 at Washington said that they had : information to bear- out the stai ments mnade to the London cor1 spondeilt of The New York Timi that a 1defnite move in the directi of peace was contemplated byt Teutonic empires, If not actually preparition. It could not be learned whethe the United States government ha *any inkring of such a move, but,:i ene may Judge from the opinion of the diplomats in question, noti ing has come to this capital to be. out the hope that peace. proposal likely to bear fruit are to be e~i -ete in the near future. According to the view among di lomalts connected with the embassi of the Entente allies,, It is to be pected that Germany and Austria ' seize inny opportunity that preser itself :to enter- into peace negot tions ~with their enemies. But cve tunes of this character, mainly In t way dt feelers and suggestions, ha been mnade from time to time In wa that indicated unmistakably that th came-from German sources. It Is .pointed.out, however, that was e far different thing for G many and Austria to propose t1: peace negotiations be initiated th to expect Great Britain, France, Ri sia, and Italy to give encouragemn4 to them. For many months the Washingt administration and diplomatic esta lishments have been aware that thi was a substantial motive behind t various statements In the press ti peace moves were on the carp While not claiming to have absoh Information on the subject, dir matic officials were convinced tl these statements originated in Ber an4 Vienna. Last summer the statement al peared that Germany would coi -sent to make peace with her en< mics under certain condition among them the restoration of Be glum to its Independent stats freedom for Poland, cessions certain Russian territory to Au tia and the restoration to Ge many of the colonies taken fro: her by Great Britain and Japan. No doubt exists In the minds some European diplomats whose sy pathies are with the Entente al) that this statement of German sti lations for peace were put forw: In a movement having for its obj a proposal -to all the warring po~ that the European conflict be broul to an end. One of the best Informed diplon: in Washington said that the Ente allies were in no state of mind listen to peace proposals from Teutonic powers. At this period the war, it was remarked, Germ. and Austria were in a position trade advantageously with their e (Continued on last page.) AIRPLANES BOMBARD VEND Austria Reports Successful Att Upon Italian Forts. Vienna reports via London: "N headquarters announced that on afternoon of November 18 one of seaplane squadrons successfully d: ped bombs on the forts at San Ni< and Alberoni, and the arsenal a tion station, gas works, railway1 tion and several barracks at Ven "Notwithstanding the heavy firi anti-aircraft guns and the attack: three hostile aeroplanes, our squ ran returned with complete safe1 IT NEGRO KILLS WHITE MAN IN MARLBORO COUNT1 IS Shoots Two to Death With Shot Gum as They Pass His House Is in Jail. West Coon, a negro, Sunday shot and killed two white men, Ben Park er and Ben Johnson. The double homicide was at McLeod's mill, in ent the upper part of Marlboro county, near Kollock. The shooting occurred rn- about 7 o'clock and Coon was cap ral tured 12 hours later. He is now in t jail at Bennettsville. Johnson was about 35 years of age. He is survived by his wife and four children. Parker wan about 32 - years of age andisshrvived etaoinu - years of age and is survived by his wife and one child. An inquest was '- held over both bodies Saturday. the verdict being that they came to their death from gunshot wounds at the Lch hands of West Coon. The negro is to originally from Cayce, in Lexington al- county. a- The negro is said to have gone to b Johnson's house, about 100 yards an from his own house, Saturday night when a difficulty arose. Mrs. John son ordered the negro away when he of is said to have drawn a revolver and threatened her with the weapon. Ben n Parker took the revolver from the negro and it was in turn taken from Parker by. Johnson, who used it to Its beat the negro over the head. The C s negro is said to have left, to return be wth a gun, which he snapped at Ic- Johnson several times without suc le ceeding in firing it. He is said then to have gone to the home of Lovett r Davis from whom he secured another gun. Sunday morning about seven t, o'clock Parker and Johnson were , walking neir Johnson's home when Ln the negro is said to have killed them a with shots from the single barreled )r- s'ot gun secured from Lovett Davis. Ad The shells were loaded with B.B. he shot. - The negro escaped for the mo - ment, but was arrested Sunday night d at seven o'clock by Sheriff R. J. Pat '- terson, who found him hiding in the, A- lost of his father-in-law's barn on m' the plantation of 0. M. Pegues. With a Lovett Davis, Coon was brought to Bennettsville and placed in the Marl boro county jail. SEASON'S SOCIAL PROGRAM FOR THE WAiEE HOUSE .at D Diplomatic Representatives of the or.- Warring Powers to be Guests oet of Different Dinners. 13 The White House has made public its social program for the coming ty winter. This has been awaited with c great interest as it marks the re nn sumption of the social functions a which were suspended at the death oof -Mrs. Wilson. be The program discloses the solution adopted by the Wnite- House of the a peculiar difficulty which exists at n present in entertaining members of the diplomatic corps. It will give two diplomatic dinners instead of one. In this way it will separate the Ts diplomatic representatives of the bel ligerent governments. no Formerly in place of the brilliant diplomatic functions which is always a feature of Washington's social sea Sson, theer will be a pan-American re he ception, to which all the representa in tives of the pan-American neutral countries will be invited. The full program of receptions and, r dinners Is, as follows: d- January 7, Friday, pan-Amern I can reception 9.30 p. m. a January 11, Tuesday. cabinet tdinner, 8 p. m. r January 21, Friday, diplomatic. s - dinner, 8 p. m. - January 25. Tuesday. diplomatic dinner. 8 p. m. February 8, Friday, judicial re eception, 9.30 p. m. s February 12, Tuesday, supreme 1curt dinner. 8 p. m. February 18, Friday, congres isional reception, 9.30 p. m. SFebruary 22, Tuesday. speakers -dinner, 8 p. m. ye March 3, Friday, Army and Navy reception, 9.30 p. m. ,ys As the French ambassador, Md. Jus y serand, Is the dean of the diplomatic corps. because he has served longer than any other ambassador, it is taken for granted that he will be in , vited to the urst diplomatic dinner. ~IThe other guests will be the diplo matic representatives of the govern ments allied with France. The sec 'nd dinner, therefore, will be given to Count von Bernstorff, the German e ambassador, and his allied diplo he mats. aA feature of the program is the t omission of the New Year's recep t tion, presumably because it also 0would cause embarrassment to fain lilies of the diplomatic corps who could not meet their enemies even at such a -function. It is also believed on New Year's that the president and ,- bride will be away on their honey a- moon. e- The members of the pan-American s 'iplomatic corps will assemble in the I- Treen' room and will' pass into the s, blue room, where they will bc re yt ceived by President and Mrs. Wil s- son, Vice-President and Mirs. Mar r- shal, and the wives of the members m of the cabinet, who will form the re ceiving line. The guests of honor and other specially invited guests ' will remain in the blue room. A buf m fet supper will be served in the State ies dining room. pu- -,__ _ i___ _- _ TO QUI DARDANERES General Monmo, British Command r, SRecommends Its Evacuation. to Baron Ribblesdale said in the te House of Lords Thursday in address ofing a question to the Marquis of my Lansdowne, that he understood to Lieut. Gen. Sir Charles C. Monro, ne- COmmander of the British expeditioD at the Dardanelles, had reported in favor of the withdrawal of the Brit ish army at the Dardanelles. TeMarquis of Lansdowne an nounced the government asked Earl ack Kitchener to visit the eastern Medi terranean because, in its opinion, the report of Sir Charles Monro and the evidence accompanying it did noi yseem sufficient to enable the govern the ment to come to a conclusion upor our the great questions of pol',cy involv op ed. s:Cashier Skips -With $100,000. ice. A shortage that may reach ont Sof hundred thousand dollars has beer of found in the First National Bank oi Lad-' Bristol, S. D. The cashier has beei i--sing two weeks. ALVES FEAR GREECE INTS THAT RETREATING AL LIES WILL BE DISARMED THREATENS CONSTANTINE Fran, Gest Britain and Russia, Guarators of Greek Constitution, Have Paid Constantine Yearly An nuity-Say His Throne Depends Upon Favoring the Allied Powers. The attitude of the Greek goverfi ment toward the Allies remains the chief point of interest in the Balkan situation. A late development is the desire of King Constantine reported Wednesday by the'Athens correspon dent of a London news agency, to see Earl. Kitchener, Low in the Near East, and discuss the military situa tion with him. The Greek attitude appears to be growing less uncompromising with regard to the course Greece should take in case the allied forces in Ser bia were forced back into Greek ter ritory. There have been recent reports of anti-dynasty demonstrations at Pat astas, a stronghold of former Pre mier Venizelos, one of whose news papers in Saloniki has protested in vigorous language against the action of the government in ordering elec tions while the army was mobilized, declaring* that the new chamber would would be unrepresentative of the nation. With the increasing gravity, from the -Allies' viewpoint, of the military situation In Serbia, the attitude of Greece toward the armies of the Al lies' has become a matter of deep concern and an effort is being made to induce the Greek government to define its intentions. - The intimation of the Greek gov ernment that any allied troops seek Ing refuge in Greek territory will be disarmed has been the cause of con siderable anxiety to the Entente pow ers, and consequently Field Marshal Kitchener's near east visit gains add ed importance. .. Belated dispatches from Athens say that Greece bases her decision on international law, while the Entente ministers contend that the right ac corded troops to enter the country through-Saloniki permits them to re tire by the same route, should it be come necessary for them to do so. The ministers are demanding that Greece unequivocally define the atti tude she will observe should such an eventuality present itself. Besides the ,claims to hospitality,} which the Entente allies declare they have on Greece, in view of the then Premier Venizelos' invitation to them to send a force to Saloniki to enable Greece to fulfil her treaty obligations to Serbia, which, however, Greece re pudiated, Earl Kitchener or the En tente ministers are likely to draw the attention of King Constantine . and his government to the fact that the constitutionalism of Greece was guaranteed by rrance, Russia and Great Britain and that it was only obtained after Great Britain had ced ed the Ionian -lands to that country and the three powers had agreed to contribute twenty thousand dollars yearly for the personal use of the king. This, it is contended, binds the Greek people sto the Entente allies, I and should King Constantine over rule the constitution, which the fol- I lowers of M. Venizelos insist he did I when he dissolved the chamber, it is suggested in some quarters that King Constantine would be reminded that his retention-of the throne of Greece depends on the continuance of friend ly neutrality toward the Entente powers. The Germans, on the other hand, re declared to be assuring the Greek government that Greece will be pro tected against the Entente allies should she support the central pow ers, and that as evidence of the ~bility of Austria and Germany to do this they are dispatching more sub marines to thie Mediterranean, which could be used against any fleet threatening Greek ports. It is said that the presence at Ath ens of British and French troops has made some impression on King Con stantine; but with so much at stake, nothing short of a positive guarantee of the safety of the French, British and Serbiaii troops, should they be compelled by circumstances to retire into Greece, will satisfy London and Paris, the ministers of which capi tals are being strongly supported by the Russian and Italian representa tives. The presence of Lord -Kitchener, the British secretary for war, in the Aegean, and of Denys Cochin, a mem ber of the French cabinet, at Athens. it is hoped, will develop to clear up a complicated situation. The time, however, Is short, for the Bulgarians have been strongly reinforced both in central and southern Serbia, and be sides attempting a flanking move ment against the Serbians at Babuna Pass, thereby threatening Prilep and Monastir, are opposing formidable forces to the French at Gradsko and along the left bank of the Cerna. Thus far the Serbians are holding the Babuna Pass, and the French their original positions, but the pres sure is necessarily being felt by troops who have been fighting for days without cessation. In the north the Austro-Germans, who have joined hands with the Bul garians west of Nish, are moving slowly and steadily, but doubtless eautiously owing to the presence of the unbeaten Montenegrins, with pos sibly other support, harassing them in the west. SLAIN WITIIIN LIMIT Yong California Man Killed in the Trenches in France. News of the death in the French trenches recently of Lieut. John W. Barnett, grad'uate of the University of California, was received in this country, and showed that the young officer was killed within a few days of the time limit he put on his life. In a recent letter Barnett said he had been promoted to be a range finder. "The average life of a range find er Is thirty days,'' his letter said. "Il have been on the job seventeen days. You will know soon whether or not I outlast the average." British Cabinet in Paris. Paris announces Wednesday that Premier Asquith, accompanied by Sir Edward Grey, Minister of Munitions~ Lloyd-George and First Lord of the Admiralty Balfour, have arrived in MANNING FOR ECONOMY; MONEY FOR EDUCATIOI Governor Against Raising Salaries Common Schools Should Have Every Extra Cent. "The present financial condition o the people cf South Carolina moke it of the utmost importance that th( cost of state government be decreas ed rather than increased," said Gov Manning Monday when asked for hib views on the question of increase it salaries for State officers. "While the salaries paid ou judges and state officials are .ow,' said the governor, "we are just nov recovering from the financial hard ships of the recent panic caused b3 the low price of our products as th( result of the European war, and i1 behooves us to watch closely ever3 tem of expense in order to hold down the tax levy to a minimum. "T'.a last session of our legisla ture created the South Carolina ta commission for the purpose of 're forming the tax laws of the state and equalizing the burdens of taxation sc that all our people would be placid Dn the same basis. Until this com mission shall have completed its work [ feel that we should dismiss from )ur minds the subject of Increased xpenses. - "The. awakening of our people on the subject of common school educa tion makes it of the utmost impor :ance that re provide facilities for ncreasing thre efficiency of our rural nd common schools. These facili es cost money and until means for he education of every white child in outh Carolina are provided I shaill )ppose increase in other departments. "If we have any extr* money to )pend," said the' governor, "let'slp't .t in the common* schools of 0u3- state, where It will be- the means of- fur iishing to the boys and girls, the fu ure men and .women of South Caro ina, the education to which they are ntitled aid which will make of them yetter and more efficient citizens. ['his is, in my judgment, a most im )ortant matter, and one in which the )eople are vitally interested. - "I shall- continue to urge such conomy as is consistent with the Lbsolute needs of the state and the nancial condition of our citizens." SERBIANS CONTINUE RETREAT ;0,000 Troops .are Opposing 80,090 Around Monastir. Paris relforts Ftiday: The Saloniki Lispatch announcing -the.general re reat of the Serbson.-the.-southwest rn front after the capture of Babuna ass by the'Bulgars is *ithout offi al confirmation, says aW.Havas dis atch from -Athens. The only fact established is the xacuation of Prilep by the Serbs. 'he abandonment of Bal, ana Pass has een expected in Athens military cir les for several days as it was not 'onsidered possible f r the Serbs not ithstanding their tieroic defense to 'esist longer repeated Bulgarian- st acks, especially as-they threaten'ed nvelopment by a movement from etovo and Kitsevo. The Serbians probably will retire o the heights between Prilep and lonnatir, the inhabitants of which re taking refuge in Albanian and reek territory. Large numbers have rrived at Florina, Greece, but the core well to do are going to Salon The military governor of Monastir s reported to have appointed a comn nittee of notables to preserve order >ut it is feared it will not be possible o restrain the bands of -Komitaiis rregulars-in the environs of the ity. The Serbian army is expected to etreat towards Albania. It is esti nated there are fifty thousand Serbs n the Monastir region opposed to nore than eighty thousand Bulga -lans. SURPRISED TilEM ALL Ealdane Says Extent of War Pound Them All Napping. Viscount Hlaldane, the ex-war sec -etary, speaking at Hampstead, Eng and, has declared that the Germans rould have .reached Paris, and per iaps Calais, had not the government aken prompt action upon the warn ngs which he himself and others had iven of the German intentions. The British government, he said, id everything possible to get aggres iive ideas out of the heads of the ther nations on the continent, but hat did not prevent the government ~rom taking precautionary measures. 2reat Britain was not taken un wares, but was able to mobilize the umy and navy at the first moment of :he outbreak of the war. Lord Haldane expressed the belIef :hat there was not a single govern nent among the powers that had not een wholly surprised and taken back by the magnitude and duration ,f the struggle which had since de eloped, and that nobody had been so uch surprised as the German gen eral staff, which had "expected a walkover In about three months.'' DISSENSION IN RUMANIA Rapidity of Serbian Events is Hasten ing Kingdom's Decision. Rome reports-via Paris Friday that a Bucharest dispatch to the Giornale D'Italia says: "On account of dissensions which lira beginning to arise in the liberal party of Rumania and the unyielding oppositon of Take Jonescu, former minister of the interior, and M. Flip sco, former minister of war, Premier Bratiano has deemed it necessary tc summon before King Ferdinand cer tain -of the most Important personal ities of the party to whom confiden tial statements concerning the Ru manian policy are being given. "The rapidity with which event! are moving In Serbia is hastening a decision in regard to Rumanian new taity, particularly as both Russia and Austria are concentrating troop! near the northern boundary of Ru mania." Military Camp at Camden. The United States government an nounced Tuesday that a military camp similar to the one at Platts burg. N. Y., last summer, would be established at Camden in Februar: for a month. A Dream He Had, And Will Jacobs of Ackley, Ia., dream ed he was a squirrel and jumpe< from tree to tree, and woke up ti find that he had jumped through PROTEST ABOUT ANCONA WILL BE SENT AUSTRIA - Whole Question of Submarine Tat - tics W01 be Discussed With Austria-Hungary. While the United States will wait for the Austrian reply to Ambassa dor Penfneld's inquiry concerning the circumstances -under which the Ital Ian liner Ancona was sunk before making representations to Vienna, it was stated officially that the placing of American citizens in small boats on the high seas was not regarded as according them "a place of safety" within the meaning of international law. In its correspondence with Ger many over the Frye case the Ameri can government expressed the view that open boats did not constitute a place of safety. This was broadened, In an interpretation by an official, to apply to American citizens whether they:were. sailitig on. belligerent or neutral ships. Officials qualified their assertions somewhat by stating that if a vessel was destrioyed within a few miles of shore, lifeboats would be regarded as safe, but that weather conditions and the opportunity given for passengers to be transferred even then were pertinent circum staices.. From these intimations it general ly was believed the American gov ernment would develop the entire questli of -submatine, warfare fur thor-lu i or'responde'n'e with Austria and that even though, as the Aus trian .admiralty has declared, forty live minutes -was given for the. pas sengers and crew of ihe. Ancona f, be transferred, this was not regarded as aftording American citizens-a suf ficient opportfhnity to be saved. The fact.that the. ship actually was- tor pedoed while a number.of passengers were st'ill aboard Is regarded as the chief-circumstande iupon which.rep resentatiois will be ,made. FATE OF MONASTIR IN DOUBT London Public Hopes 'Allied Force May Flank Bulgars. London reports Friday: The-fate of -Moiastir is not yet known definitely, but there is little hope in England that it will escape the Bulgarians. There is a possibility, however, that the invaders will not dare to -make such an extension of their line, with the French apparently established solidly ogi the!r flank: Leftvin the dark at6, dthe-aetUil progress of the Anglo-French cam taitgn in, the Ne East, -the British public can only iopejthe Allies -will "oon have such tron'g forces tliere hat- will 'enable'th# harassed' Ser- i bians to make-a sucesasful stand and I -presrve a small portion of their i country, as the Belgians did along I the Yser. Some substances is given this hope by unofficial official news that the Anglo-French force is assuming for- . midable proportions as well as. by hints that Italy is on the verge of ae tual participation in the Balkan cam paign. - - The retreat of the Serbians toward the Albanian -border Is causing in creased uneasiness at Athens but de velopments there are interpreted as being not unfavorable to the Allies. ELLSTROM MEETS DEATH Utah Governor Refuses Wilson's Re quest for Reconsideration. Joseph Hillstrom was put to death1 by a firing squad in the state prison at Salt Lake City, Utah, at seven forty-two a. m. Friday morning. -His death was instantaneous. Hillstrom spent Thursday night in his cell at the state prison under the eye of the death watch which was placed over him Thursday when Gov-I ernor Syry declined to grant Presi dent 'Wilson's raquest for reconsid eration of the case. Hillstrom declined to see ta minis ter, saying that he had worked out his own religion and was satisfied with it and would not be helped by seeing a minister. He retired about ten oclock and went to sleep at once. Hillstrom was convicted of the murder of John G. Morrison, a gro cer, and his son, Arling. Under Utah law he was allowed to choose be tween shooting anid'hanging. - resident Wilson twice appealed for. further respite for Hillstrom. The president's second request, made Thursday, was denied by Governor Spry as not based on any new facts. TROUSANDS OF SHELLS Turks Admit Loss of Ground Near a Center Regiment. Constantinople reports via London: An official statement Issued at the Turkish war office says: "On Novem ber 14 the enemy fled thousands of shells against our left wing near Anafarta and Seddul Bahr without important damage. On the fifteenth the enemy similarly bombarded our right wing and advanced positions in the center with land and naval guns for five hours. Meantime the enemy delivered an attack. The left wing of one of our center regiments was driven back some distance. When the enemy attempted to attack the front of another regiment he reach ed its advanced trenches but by cross ire and counter attacks was repuls ed from these trenches to his former positions, suffering heavy losses." GREAT WHEAT SUPPLY World's Production Shows Big In crease Over Best Previous Year. Wheat production in twenty coun tries, which ordinarily produce 80 per cent. of the world's crop; Is plac ed at 3,793 000,000 bushels by the Department of Agriculture from pre liminary official estimates. That is an Increase of 550 000,000 bushels over the 1914 crops in those coun tries, and 233,000,000 bushels more than In 1913. the previous high rec ord. The statistics includes the American 1,002,029,000-bushel crop. KEEPS THEM IIOME Order in Council to Keep British Sub jects From Leaving. An order In council will shorter' be issued declaring that during the con - tinuance of the war all British sub Ijects of military age desiring to leave the United Kingdom, even on a trip. must obtain special permission. This permission will not be given without gonel cause. DIARhING CHINA I ALES WANT YELLOW GIAN TO ENTER AGiREEMENT NEGOTIATIONS ARE BEG Great Britain, F'ance and Russia ar Working Together at Peking-A1 titude of Oriental Republic is I Dbubt--Japan's Course of Actiec Problematical. Great Britain, France and Russi have united In an effort to add Chin to the Entente alliance in order t< prevent possible friction in the futur between Japan and.China and to pre e the peace of -te Far .East. I China agrees to the plan, militar participation in the present war i not expected. Negotiations thus far are in a con versational stage at :Pekinj wfth: ni indications as to China's attitude. Al though the United States is beinj kept informed-,, but its diplomati, representatives. at Peking gnd Euro pean capitals are rofraining from par ticipation. This sensational turn in Far East een affairs on the eve of the propose( change bY China from a republic to i monarchy has been the subject o confdential exchanges between th allied powers during the last week. Japan, so far as is known, has no yet been consulted, the conservation thus-far having.been confined to tho European allies and the Peking gov ernment. - Although Great Britain, Franc nd Russia joined Japan in repfe sentations to China-.to pdstpone th establishment of a. monarchy becaus) It was thought a change during th present disturbed condition of affair, ight provoke revolution and inter Lational complications, this late's step 'bk the Allies is understood im Washington not to have been initiat 3d because of. the monarchial situa tion alone. . ' t was considered essential by the Mllies that such arrangements be made in the Far East as would per manently safeguard their interesta rhe impending change in China's orm of government has rendered the situation somewhat acute. Fear of evolution in China. and the possi rility of Japanese inteirference to pre ierve.peace has been impressed upon he-Japanese people to an extent that isa - attracted wide attention among h European:.diplomats.. By. joinIng- thd- Entente allianee i9ne of China's o'perations could af. ret the course of the -war In Europe mt the move would effectively guar. intee Japanese abstinence from in rference In China. Japan's.attitude is not clear as yet ut two possibilities are considered n Washington as plausible. First. That Japan will. join in the movement -on the theory that her paramount interests in China will not suffer any abridgement through the future actiois of the Allies, or Second, that Japan will remain aloof from any agreement, view ing even the future entrance of China as an ally as not altering Japan's right to independent ac tion in the Far East wherever her Interests are affected. None of the communications that iave passed indicate that the Allies iave any hope that President Ruan 3hi Kai will abandon his plan to es* :ablish a monarchy. In fact, the In. iatons are that efforts to add Jina to the Allies resulted largely "rom the supposition that the change n government was Inevitable and :bat it was the- duty of the allied sowers, In order to prevent possible :omplications between Japan and hna, to act definitely at this time. The assurance from Peking that ~he monarchy will not be established mmediately is being interpreted herefore, by various observers as a levelopment growing out of the knowledge of the plans of the Euro pean allies to bring about a new un* lerstanding on Far Eastern ques* tions. The inner details of the situatios tave not been revealed, bct the at* tention of the British, French and Russian colonies in the Far East has been attracted by reports of the ex :ellent treatment afforded Germar prisoners at Kiao Chow and the words of admiration for the Germar irmies frequently spoken in Japanese iewspapers of high .standing. These have been observed by the Allies with much interest as well as occa sional adverse reference in the Jap mese press to the Anglo-Japanese al liance. It is known that Germany recently enlisted her efforts in the same direc' ion as Japan to pursuade China tc ibandon her change of government Advices from the Far East declarE that the German minister at Peking pointed out to the Chinese foreign of fice that in the event that Chins changed her form of government, she might not obtain the recognitior o' the powers and without this recogni tion she could not very well be taket care of diplomatically in the peace conference that will end the Euro pean war. It is thought in some quarters a1 Washington that the idea of joinini China to the Entente alliance may have appealed to Great Britain anc Russia particularly because of the presence of German propaganda be ng carried on from China to disturl India and Persia. FIND) NEW EXPLOSIVE Minister to Sweden Tells Governmnen1 of Powerful Discovery. Minister Harris at Stockholm, in ablegram to the state department announces the discovery in Swedei of a new high explosive which il more powerful and deadly than any thing heretofore known. It is calle< "Kausolit." The principal ingredien Is perchloride of ammonia, prepare and combined in some secret way The explosive is said to be speciall: suitab> for use in shells. It was dis covei d by a company engaged il manufacturing superphosphates fo farm use, and the discovery is re garded as so valuable that the con cern is going to engage in manufac utring the ebplosive on a large scale Clears His Sweetheart. To shield his sweetheart from charge of having burglars' tools i her possession, Lee Lester. age twenty-six, of Parkersburg, W. Va has confessed to complicity in nin nost off ice robberies in Ohio an West Virginia SIP -HAD NO WARNINO ACCORDING TO OFFICIALS Italian Government Transmits Story on Sinking of Ancona to Washington. A Naples report, delayed in trans mission, became public Friday: The official report of the Italian investti gation into the sinking of the An cona by a submarine off the Tunis e sian coast on November 7 was sent to Thomas Nelson Page, the Ameri can ambassador, Thursday night. The investigators reached the con a clusion that the submarine fired a shell into the wireless apparatus 3 aboard the Ancona without any warning. The captain brought the vessel immediately to a halt. m The submarine having hoisted the i Austrian flag, the investigatorsi y found, the Ancona was about to hoist a the Italian ensign but the flag reach - ed only half way up the mast when r the submarine launched a torpedo which struck the steamer amidships. . The captain of the Ancona, the of ficial account says, ordered the life boats lowered but while this was be ing done the submarine continued fir . ing at the steamer's boats. Some-of the boats were pierced by shots, ob liging. the survivors : -e their clothes to stop the ioles. in the meanwhile, it is alleged, these on board the submarine jeered at their victims. NEW WIRELESS STATION German Receiving Plant is Establish ed Near Portland, Maine. Following a report current that the British embassy was about to direct the attention of the state department to the existence of a new wireless sta tion at Deering, a suburb of Port land, Me., just erected by the Ger man company which owns the Tuck erton, N. J., plant, it was explained by a Washington official of the navy department that the-station was built with. the assent of this government and was to be operated as a branch of the big station at Tuckerton. The Tuckerton radio station is.be ing operated by the navy department until the close of the war The branch at Deering will also be oper ated under the supervision and con- t trol.of the United States naval radio t service. The Deering station will not be permitted, at least that is the plan for the present, to send any mes sages, either to vessels at sea or to I Europe. It was established primarily I as a receiving station, and was. erect- 6 ed, it was explained, to receive mes- I sages from Germany intended for the I Tuckerton station but which can not 'be received at Tuckerton on account C of the ground and climatic conditions. t TO MAKE INVESTIGATION Officials After Austrian Officials- a Catch Up With Passport Frauds. Further investigation of the activi ties of Austrian Consul General von Nuber and his associates will be made by the department of justice as a result of Wednesday's conference in New York between A. Bruce Bie laski, chief of the bureau of investi gations, and Dr. Joseph Goricar, for mer Austrian consult. A department statement says: "Mr. Bielaski chief of the bureau of investigation of the department of justice returned Thursday morningt after his visit to New York, during which he conferred with Mr. Rathom, editor of the Providence Journal, and Dr. Goricar. While Dr. Goricar may not be able to testify directly to all matters under investigation, much in formation of a valuable nature was obtained concerning the activities of1 Austrian Consul General von Nuber1 and his associates, the details of which can not be disclosed at pres ent. Prompt investigation, however, will be made. Information also was obtained which probably will lead to further -Indictments for passport frauds." STEEL SIIORTAGiE IN U. S. Embargo May be Needed~ to Get Ma terial for Battleships. - Congress may be asked to place a temporary embargo on exports of 1 structural steel to the European bel ligerents in order to afford a suffi cient supply of the metal for use in the construction of the two battle ships, bids for which were opened at the navy department on Wednesday. This plan is suggested as a result of the disclosure that neither of the new battleships can be laid down be fore next summer because of a lack1 of steel. The entire output of the American steel plants, it is said, has been taken by the warring nations. 1 Secretary D)aniels hints that unless steel plants could be induced to in sure preferences for government or-1 ders, congress may be urged to act. tary Daniels that tentative plans are under consideration for two thirty six-ton battleships to be included in the first year's part of the five-pear I naval building program. No navy in the world has such large warships as i these at present. BRITII LEADERS IN PARIS Hold Conference With Heads of the French Government. Paris reports Wednesday: The first meeting of the joint Anglo French war council was held Wednes-1 day afternoon. Those taking part were Premier Asquith, A. J. Balfour,. first lord of the admiralty; David Lloyd-George, minister of munitions. and Sir Edward Grey, secretary of , foreign affairs of the British cabi net, while the French participants were Premier Briand, Gen. Gallieni, minister of war; Admiral LaCaze.1 minister of marine and Gen. Joffre,I the French commander-in-chief. RUMANIA TO ENTER -Ex-Premier Says She Will Take up Arms for Germany. -A delayed dispatch from Bucharest - dated November 12 says former Pre - mier Carp is credited by the news -paper Adeverul with the statement that Rumania will take aup arms on the side of Germany in December. 1 The prediction is made by Mr. 1 Carp that as soon as established com - munications make it -"possible Ger ,,many will make new offers to Ru e mania in the form of an ultimatum d requiring a reply within forty-eight: AVIATORS FRENDLY BELLGERENT AIRMEN COURA TEOUS TO EACH OTHER FACE COMMON BANERS The Editor of the London Aeroplane Cites 3any Instances of Chivalry, ExhIlited When an Enemy Aero plane Comes to Grief-Personal Papers Often Returned. C. G. Grey, editor of the English magazine, Aeroplane, writes that the belligerent aviators were mutually chivalrous: Some little time ago, says Mr. Grey, some one somewhere comment ed in print on the curiously chival rous way in which the aviators of the different belligerent flying co*ps behave toward one another and re-' marked that there is always. a certain amount of fellow feeling between them because, although they are at enmity with one another, they all have a common enemy in the air it self and have, previous to the war, all been engaged in the conquest of the air. It certainly is true that the op posed aviators do behave decently to ne another. They may do: their. luty scrupulously in the matter of endeavoring to shoot one- another lown if they meet in the air, but >ver and over again it has happened :hat when a British or French avia or has been brought down a German Leroplane has come over the aero Irome and after perhaps dropping a 'ew bombs on troops or villages- on he way has merely dropped into the erodrome a parcel containing let ers from the captured aviators or a iote saying that they have been kill d or wounded. In some cases a German has actual y dropped the private papers of a lead aviator into one of the- Allies' erodromes; and one story: from ?arls-which, however, is not, abso utely authenticated-said- that when >oor little Pegoud was killed a Ger nan aviator dropped a wreath near he place where he fell, as a tribute o his bravery. These courtesies have of course al rays been returned by the French .nd British aviators, thotgh on one iccaslon there was a somewhat dou le-edged intention when a British dlot flew over a German aerodrome nd dropped a note thanking the Ger an flying corps for sending infor nation about .a couple of captured ,viators, and added that the sender f the. note would be pleased to do he same for the Germans. on many ceasions. This chivalrous method of making 7ar may certainly te partly dueto a ertain amount of fellow feeling for ,ny aviator who is in danger either rom weather or from:gun fire; in act,. one or two' expert- flyers have efinitely said as miuch; but the feel ng probably arises originsllr-from he fact that the man who took to lying before .the war is primarily a portsman, and even If the same man ad to do his fighti:2g on his feet he ould still in all probability act in a roperly sportsmanlike way. So far from the air now being con idered r.n enemy to be conquered he more experienced flyers in these ays regard it as their friend. 'One >f our aviators the other day put It hat but for the air he would prob ,bly now be digging holes in- the yound and sitting in them to be helled, whereas, although he gets helled fairly heavily when he hap ens to pass over a bunch of the nemy's guns, he Is at any rate fair free from Interference when once e passes certain definite spots. Also if the wind happens to be lowing at all hard it' is frequently a 'ry present help in time of trouble rhen passing over the enemy's guns, or a fast aeroplane assisted by a trong wind moves across the sky at uch a terrific pace that it is almost inpossible to hit it, and so the avia or actually stands a better chance han even a cavalry "galloper'" or a notorcycle dispatch rider who has to ross a fire-swept zone with messages.' To the artilleryman, of course, the ir Is a very good friend indeed, be ause, thanks to artillery observation my either aeroplane or kite balloon, te is able to make far better prac lee than was ever possible in pre dous wars. The Infantryman also sn thank the air for lightening his Work, at any rate to some degree, as, or example, when the air scouts give im, or rather his comimanding offi ers, exact informatioh as to the ~nemy's movements so that he can ake steps to frustrate them. Also >y destroying bridges, railway junc Ions and ammunition trains the aer splane bomb-droppers help him very naterially by holding up the enemy's 'einforcements and supplies. Perhaps the only fighting man in he army who can not find something or which to thank aircraft Is the avalryman whose job as a scout has ractically been usurped by the avia ors. So, taking it all round, it seems hat the air Is very far from being an ~nemy in these days. and although it s not absolutely conquered it is be oming at any rate a very useful if omewhat undisciplined servant.. MEETS IN LONDON. lled Council to Gather Again in British Isles. Paris reports Friday: The next neeting of the a~ied war council will ye held in London. It is likely the Tussian and Italian governments will esignate representatives to attend. )ne session in Paris this week was eld at the foreign office, and an >ther presided over by President Poincare at the Elysee Palace. In addition the several members of :he French and British committees 1d long consultations apart. It is mderstood that an understanding has een arrived at in regard to various mbjects and energetic action is ex pected to result. Italian Steamer Sunk. The Itali'an steamer Firenze, 3,973 tons, has been sunk. One hundred and twenty-two were saved but twen ty-one are missing. To Denmobolize Greek Army. An Italian dispatch sent via Paris Wednesday says the Greek army will soon be demobilized, only fifty thou sand men remiing under nrms. 'U. S. Money for London. British banks are arranging to loan from Amerienn banks in order to cu dnwn the exchange rate.