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VOL. XXVIII. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 27,' 1915. *SLAY FEMALE SPY IERMANS EXECUTE CONFESSE . AIDER OF ENEMY CAUSE OF MUCH HORR1 American Minister Made Every Elf fort to Save Condemned Woman News of Sentence Kept Secret No Charge of Espionage-Help. Soldiers Reach England. The full report of the circum stances of the conviction and execa flIon of Miss Edith Cavill, an Englis woman and head of a training schoo in Brussels, for helping English French and Belgian soldiers to es cape from Belgium, made by Branc Whitlook, American minister at Brus sels, to Walter H. Page, Americar ambassador at London. was issuet by the British government Thursda3 evening. . Minister ,Whitlock telegraphed tc Ambassador Page on the 12th: "Misi Cavill sentenced yesterday and exe cuted at 2 o'clock this morning, de spite our best efforts continued until the last moment." Mr. Whitlock's final appeal was im the form of a note sent by a messen ger late on the night of the 11th tc Governor- von, der Lancken, reading - s follows: "My Dear Baron: I am too sick tc present my request myself, but I ap veal to your generosity of heart tc support it and, save from death thi unhappy woman. Have pity on her Yours truly,. Brand Whitlock." . Mr. Whitlock also stated that Mist Cavellbad nursed German soldiers. Mr. Deleval, counsellor of the American. legation, reported to Min later Whitlock:' "This morning Mr. Gahan, an Eng lish clergyian, told me that he had msen. Miss Cavell in her cell last night at 10 o'clock and that he had giver - her Holy Communion and had found her admirably strong and calm. "I asked Mr. Gahan whether she fad made any remark about anything concerning the legal side of her case and whether the confession which ihe made before trial- aus in court was Ia lnis opinion perfectly .free anr ulncere. Mr. Gahan told me she was perfectly well and knew what she had done; that, according to the law. o course, she was guilty and admitted &her guilt, but that she was happy. te die for her country." Secretary Gibson's report says that Conrad, an oflicial of the Germar civil branch, gave positive assurances on the 11th that the American lega tion would be. fully informed of the developments in the case and con tinues: "*Despite these assurances, we made repeated inquiries in the course o' the day. the' last one being at 6.2( . m. Mr. Conrad then stated tha' sentence had not been pronounced -" and specifically renewed his previour assurances tha the would not fail tc inform us as -soon as there was any -sews.. -At 8.30 it was learned from ar ontside sources that sentence hae been passed in the course of the after Moon, before the last conversatior with Mr. Conrad and that executior onld -ake place during the night.' Secretary Gibson thereupon soughi the Spanish minister, with the Ameri can minite's note for~ clemenry -any, with Mr.- Deleval, they went tc ovn den Lancken's quarters. Finding hi t governor and his staff absent they telephoned to them, asking thear -to return on a matter of utmost ur *gencey.- The governor and his staf' returned soortly after 10 o'clock. Secretary Gibson's report to Minis 'ter Whitlock continues: "The lcircumstances of the cas4 were ~explained to him and- your note was presented. He read It aloud ir our presence. He expressed disbe lief -in. the report that sentence ha( - actually been passed, and manifestei, some surprise that we should giv credenc~e to any report not emanatlnf from official sources. He was quite -- insistent on knowing the exact sourc' of our information, but this I did no' feel-at liberty to communicate to him -"Baron von der Lancken statec' that it was auifie improbable tha' sentence had been pronounced, ant' even if so it would not be executer In, so short a time, and that, in an' event, it'would be quite Impossible te take any action before morning. "It was of -course pointed out 1 him that if the facts were as we be lieved them to be. action would be useless unless taken at once. W urged. him to ascertain the facts a once. This, after some hesitancy, h agreed to do. He tolephoned to th presiding judge of the court-martial and returned to say that the fact were as we had prese'nted them, an that it was Intended to carry out th' sentence before morning. - We then presented as earncstl' as possible our plea for delay. Se far as I am able to judge, we neglect -od to presentno phase of the matte which might have ha dany effect emphasizing the horror of executin a woman, no mnatter what her of fence, and pointing out that the death sentence had bieretofore bee imposed only for actual cases of ec pionage, and that Miss Cavell was ne even accused by the German authoni ties of anything so serious. "I further called attention to th failure to comply with Mr. Conrad" promise to inform the legation o sentence. I urged that, inasmuch a the offences charged against -Mis' Cavell were long since accomplished and as she had been in prison fo some weeks, delay in carrying ou the sentence could entail no dange to the German cause. I even wen so far as to 'point out the fearful ef - feet of a summary execution of thi sort upon public opinion, both her' and abroad, and, although I had n< authority for aoing so ,called atten tion to the possibility that i'. migh bring about reprisals.'' Italy Seeks Ame,'ican Money. -Announcement was made at Ne' York Saturday that the Itralian go-v ernent had arranged to place at issue of twenty-seven million dolla one-year- notes in the United States This will be the first direct loan ne gotiated hero by Italy since the be ginning of the war, and it will be us ed to pay for war and general sur plies heretofore largely paid to through London. Geer and Logan Come to Blows. During the taking of testimony a Charleston Wednesday Foreman. Gee of the grand jury and Attorney Loga: came to blows after a wordy oassag' They were soon parted and the mat te. wa adjusted. CAROLINA COTTON BUYERS FACE RIGID INVESTIGATIO ) Federal Trade Commission Acts o Complaints That Buyers Hold Down the Price. The Federal Trade L .nmission a Washington Saturday ordered an in restigation to determine whethe there is a combination on the part o cotton buyers of North and Sout Carolina and Georgia .to hold dowj the price of cotton. . This investigation has been un dertaken at the instance of Commis - sioner Harris, to whose attentior complaints have come that such g I combination does exist, resulting i1 his submission of the matter to th< commission. . The information upon which th( investigation is to be made is to th< effect that for years buyers in the three states mentioned, and particn larly in the two Carolinas, have beec charging different prices for cotton these charges varying one-half o one cent a pound in two points no more .than twenty miles distant fron each other. * . This difference in price, it is alleg ed in the complaints, seems to be the sole result of the workings of the al leged combination. For instance, i is suggested many cities and town have practically no large market, duE tu the fact that divisions of territor for buying purposes are made, on territory -belongingto one buyer and another territory to another buyer T'aese alleged practices are said to be confined to certain places named in the complaints to a greater exten1 possibly than to other points withir the states specified. JUDGE M. L. SMITH FREES BROWN AND MCDONALD No Formal Warrants Have Been Lodged Against Them-Militia Still in Montrol. With Col. Holmes B. Springs, Sec ond Infantry, South Carolina Nationa] Guards, in command of the Charles ton, military situation Friday, orders have been issued aimed to relieve as many of the men in thb reven local volunteer organizations from duty as possible, the arrangement being foi one full company to remain under arms at its armory twenty-four hours, while the other companies retair only a guard detail at their armories, the rest of the men being at liberty to return to their homes and work, after a week of constant service. These orders'have been issued to be effective through this month, -under the present arrangements. There has been no disorder in Charleston since the outbreak of last Friday a week. - E. R. McDonald and H. J. Brown, arrested by the police on charges of murder and conspiracy to kill just ifter the pistol shooting of last Fri day, in the city Democratic executive ,ommittee rooms; when Sidney. J. Cohen, a newspaper. reporter, was killed, and four others wounded, were released from jail Friday by order -of Judge. Smith, of the State :ourt, on the grounds that there were no formal warrants lodged againist the defendants and the inquest jury's verdict found the- death of Mr. Cohen due to a pistol shot fired by party or parties unknown. The court stated that the order for release did not prejudice the right of any one to take out warrants against the, two men. BLYTIHE SEES GOVERNOR hr. anning Issues Statement on the Conference. Gov. Manning, after a conference with Col. Edgeworth M. Blythe, of he First infantry,- who is in com -and of the militia in Charleston. said that he would not.. make any thange in the status of the militia in Charleston until the conclusion of the toroner's inquest. -"No troops out ide of- Charleston will be-seat there miness conditions change and- make it iecessary," said the governor. Col. Blythe reached Columbia early ruesday morning and spent all lay in :onference with the governor, return ng to Charleston on the Carolina special. The colonel of the First egiment is receiving many comphi nents from citizens throughout the tate on his tactful handling of the ituationl. Col. Blythe was engaged in a case n Greenville when he received the overnor's call to go to Charleston md he promptly dropped his private tusiness and responded to the call. Uis admirable handling of th'e situa ion is very gratifying to Gov. Man ing and to the people of the state. Gov. Manning gave out the follow ng statement after his talk with 0o1. 3ythe: "I have had a full personal con erence with Col. Blythe on the situa ion in Charleston. The preseni tatus of the militia will continue un -hanged until after the conclusion 01 he coroner's inquest. No troops out ide of the City of Charleston will be ent there unless conditions change .nd make It necessary. The Charles' on militia have responded promptl3 o my call. "I desire to express my warm ap ,eciation of the manner in whici ol. Blythe has handled the situa ion, and also to acknowledge grate ully the manner in which the militis ave conducted themselves, showinl heir efficiency, their loyalty an< heir ability to maintain order. I con idently expect them to continue t< :1o so." NEGRO SLAS11ES MINISTER Rev. J. F. Hammond of Lancastel Cut Across the Face. The Rev. J. F. Hammond of th4 Oakhurst section of Lancaster county was painfully cut across the cheel ad left hand by a negro named Jin Ueach Saturday .4orning. Mr. Ham mond was at has cotton gin. wher, the negro, who got off the south bond Southern train, came tha morning and at once excited a dis turbance among the negroes at th gin.- - Upon Mr. Hammond's asking th 'egro to leave the premises he whilr ed out his pocket knife and slashel Mr. Hammond across the face an< r iso cut his left hand very badly. A this report reached Lancaster. Sherif John P. Hunter went hastily by autc mobile to the scene of the trouble 1 md finding upon his arrival tha .ech had made good his escape pui sud him further and found himi iiding near the Haile gold mine where he was arrested by Sheril term and hrought back to jili. qCAN'T NAME SLAYFI i CORONER'S JURY SAYS COiER KILLED BY UNKNOWN PARTY t ; SOME MORE TESTIMON1 Bullet Found in Body of young Re porter Proves to be 38, Thus Clear. ing Brown and McDonald, Fron Whose Pistols it Could Not Havi Been Fired-Quiet Reigns. The coroner's jury investigating the death of Sidney J. Cohen return ed the following verdict at 1.01 o'clock Thursday morning: "That the said Sidney- J. Cohei came to his death October 15, 1915, at Roper hospital, Charleston County, from. a- 38 calibre pistol shot wound, said pistol having -been fired from vicinity of doorway between ante room and executive committee room on the southwest corner King and George streets, Charleston county, by party or parties unknown to this jury, on October 15,-'115."' According to the report of the cor respondent of The State Wednesday's testimony was so voluminous that only the high lights can be indicated. Kivy 'Pearlstine, M. D., who perform ed the autopsy upon Mr. Cohen, said death resulted from hemorrhage, due to a gunshot wound entering the right hip, ranging forward and up ward across the body, piercing the small and the large intestine, sever ing the internal iliac artery and pro ducing hemorrhage into the abdomi nal cavity. The bullet lodged in an abdomi nal muscle on the left side, about three inches above and a like dis tance forward of the point of en trance on the other side. The only external bruise was one on the chin made by use of a pulmotor in an at tempt to revive Mr. Cohen. Dr. Pearlstine produced the bullet he had removed from the body, which he said was of lead and in calibre was 38. He said- he had kept it con stantly under his own eyes until he had given it to the coroner under seal in an envelope indorsed in his handwriting. He opened this en velope in conit aid Identified the bul let. This bullet had assumed -great im portance, because testimony had been given from which either Henry J. Brown or Edward R. McDonald, the men under arrest, might have been suspected of firing the shot tjhat kill ed Mr. Cohen. But the police Thurs day identified as Brown's weapon a Colt revolver of 32 calibre and as McDonald's a Colt automatic pistol of the same calibre, but carrying steel jacketed lead bullets. Other testimony was that all the police officers present were. armed with revolvers carrying lead bullets. Some of these officers, among them Chief Cantwell and Special Officer Frank Hogan, had 38 calibre guns. Some of the testimony indicated that both of these officers discharged their revolvers in the melee. Wheth er or not any of the other 38 calibre revolvers taken from persons in the committee headquarters Friday had been fired did not appear in evidence. John Murphy, a Grace committee man, said that Brown fired north westward. Mr. Cohen fell in the southeast corner. He said he could positively swear that the bullet from Chief Cantwell's gun, when the wea pon was discharged in the scuffle with Brown, went through a window. He said he could see both of Win gate's hands while he and Brown were struggling but saw no pistol in Wingate's possession. William O'Brien said he saw Win gate on the floor bleeding, while Brown stood nearby, gun in one hand and box of cartridges In the other, apparently reloading. Max Goldman said he saw Hogan disarm Rentiers in the anteroom. "That started the whole trouble," he declared. The witness said he was not armed. Frank Hogan, for two years a spe cial plain clothes police officer, and generally known in the community as "Rumpty Raffles," was on the stand for some time. Much of his testi mony had been anticipated in that of other witnesses. He said he saw Brown run into the room, wheel and tire back into the doorway upon Win gate. He himself "covered" and dis armed several - persons, he said, among them Harry Steencken, George Rentiers and John Healy. He de nied that he fired at any time his own gun, a 38 police revolver. "Brown fired the very first shot,"' he asserted. "'It went into the side of the door frame and is there yet." "John Healy, a former sergeant of police, had stood guard over the bal lot boxes stored In the committee headquarters overnight. "Hogan was there, apparently drinking," he said. The witness de clared he saw weapons in nobody's hands except those of Chief Cantwell and Hogan. "I saw Private Quinn deliberately start to shoot into the committee room," said Healy. "I said, 'For God's sake, man, don't shoot,' and he did not fire." He saw Hogan and Chief Cantwell come in with drawn guns. He saw the chief fire at Brown. This was about the -last shot. WV. Turner Logan didn't shoot, though he had his pistol out. There must have been 15 to 18 shots. W. -S. Moore. a restaurant keeper, testified as to threats he said Brown had made in his place to "turn a trick,' at the committee meeting with a pistol which he displayed. Moore admitted he served Brown with beer and whiskey. The witness said he knew both Brown and Mc Donald. He identified them when they were produced Thursday. J. K. Livingston said he saw Brown burst into the committee room, whirl around and fire on Win gate. "That was the first shot," "he said. Brown, he said, fired five shots. The witness saw policemeni disarm Stende.r, Rentiers, Steencken Healy and Elzey. Chief Cantwell testified at length -He told of sending Acting Lieut Quinn and Sergeant Fosberry with m - squad of 15 policemen to report tc Chairman Black of the committee - Ho himself did not enter the rooms Suntil he had heard several shots. He inquired, "Who did the shooting?' Sand a number of voices answered - "Brown and McDonald." The chief said he faltered at th( I door, because these men had oneC4 3 been officers under him and he knew' fthem to be desperate men and stront - partisans. McDonald had killed -negro while he was on the force t Brown had struck a man with ai -Jaxe. He saw Brown in the northeas 2 corner with a pistol. He claimed t< -.jbe a deputy. The witness' gun wen f off in his struggle with Brown. Thi S.lle weant out of the window Brown then submitted and police pro tected him from the crowd, including Wingate's father. Chief Cantwell identified a note picked up by Sergeant Fosberry as one made just before the riot by Mr Cohen. The handwriting was verified by iMr. Emerson of The Evening Post The memorandum read: "Meeting called to order at noon, large squad police cleared room to doorway." The paper was torn and bloodstained Brown's and McDonald's weapons were identified by Chief Cantwell and opened. Brown's revolver was load ed all round. McDonald's had, at empty shell in the barrel and lacked one more cartridge of containing its capacity of ten. The witness said the police hold six other guns besides these, all of them confiscated at the committee rooms. He denied thai Hogan said to him, "There will be hell when I get there." He denied he had ,pointed a gun at Steencken. Denied he had said to Hyde wit nesses: "Come in, you cowards." Chief Cantwell attributes the whole trouble to arming .of irresponsible persons as deputies and putting them there without any sign of such au thority. Several of them, including Brown, had no other evidence of a right to carry a gun than old war rants. Two McDonald carried were two months old. These warrants were placed in evidence Thursday. M. Rutledge Rivers, former chair man of the committee, who attended the - meeting as attorney -for Mat Hyde, gave a vivid description of the fight. He saw Brown back in, draw ing his pistol, and shoot down, Win gate. Brown was there as one of his witnesses. He saw James Sottile picking up a gun from the anteroom floor. He saw no weapon in the hands of Wingate at - any . time. Brown's back as he fired was toward where Cohen had been seated. W. Turner Logan said he saw Brown and Wingate quarreling, but was swept into the anteroom then by the rush of men and when he re turned, pistol in hand, Wingate lay on the floor. Policemen protected Brown after he. surrendered. He heard somebody in the room say Mc Donald had killed Cohen. The first shot he heard was at the door, near which he sat. Sergeant Quinn said he had taken Rentiers to the call. box in the street and did not get back into the room until the shooting was over. He 'saw Max Goldman coming down a pole and had him stopped as a suspect. He saw Secretary Richardson run across the street with books and had him also taken' into custody, but merely for protection.- He-released him on reaching police station. Sergeant Fosberry identified the gung he had taken from Brown and McDonald. Policeman Lafourcade saw McDon ald's gun go off in struggle but the witness could not say in what direc tion it was pointed. Saw man fall in southeast corner at that time. S. Wingate, father of William Win gate, told of seeing Brown shoot down his son. Brown's, he said, .was the first shot- fired. Afterwards, it appeared to him, he said, that' "Brown was picking his men to shoot at and McDonald likewise." He saw McDonald fire in the direction of Cohen. The witness said, answering a question from Foreman Geer, that his son was improving-and he believ ed would recover though his skull had been penetrated. Special -Officer Doar told of seeing Brown shoot Wingate. The witness said he had on his person a 38 calibre revolver but did not use it. - Policeman Buck told of wringing. a pistol from a man Chief Cantwe'l and other officers were trying to overpower. Policeman Tumibleston said he grappled with Brown on seeing him shoot down Wingate. He heard shot to his right and saw Cohen fall. He saw no one but Brown with his pistol out.' Policeman Walsh said Chief Cant well's 'bullet went through the win dow and struck a wall across -the street. Policeman Murphy gave similar testimony as to what became of this bullet. "McDonald," he - said, "was holding his- pistol~ in his .right hand. He was facing north." Other wit nesses had testified that Mr. Cohen when he fell was . 'at. McDonald's right. Policeman Charles E. Ryon said he grabbed Goldman as he slid down the pole and then clubbed a man who tried to rescue the prisoner. (M. S. Benson said that from street he saw Frank Hogan come out on the balcony, unbreech his revolver and apparently reload it, then reenter the room.' He had' heard Wingate say just before the meeting,- "There Is only one man we want to get." The witness admitted he had not worked since May. He was employed before that by a Virginia insurance com pany. He didn't know the man Win gate addressed. J. M. Roberts also testified that Hogarn just after shooting had ceased emerged upon the balcony and re loaded his pistol. "I saw about 50 guns in the street,'' he said. The witness said he went there at thc re quest of Deputy Sheriff Leonard, .to escort a challenged voter. He was not armed. Henry J. Brown was put on stand but his attorney,' Frank R. Frost, said he had advised him not tostes tify. Thc coroner and jury agreed, by advice of' Sdlicitors C'obb. -and Grimball; not to attempt to-force him into testifying. . William E. Huger, attdi-ney, said his client,. Edwar<d R. MaDonald, was anxious to testify. McDonald talked at length. His arm was still in a sling from scalds suffered last'Thurs day. He claimed authority to carry a gun' because he had been deputized two months a~go by Sheriff -Martin to serve certain warrants. These he still held, he said. He asserted that A.,.H.'-Brouthers started for him Friday .with, a. knife and he tried then to draw his gun from its holster under his - left shoulder, but Dan Leseune interfered and Brouthers desisted.. A few min utes later, after others had fired sev eral shots, he saw Cohen fall, col lapsing just as a shot -sounded from the doorway. He saw -Wingate ad vancing toward Brown and started over there but was seized by Jerr-y O'Brien. The witness said he got his pistol, for which O'Brien and others were grasping, and 'held it 'in-- his right hand across his body, his thumb against the safety catch to prevent-its being discharged. If it went off in the scuffle he doesn't knew it. Hie gave up to Sergeant Fosberry, but after that officer had taken his gun, he left him to the gang without pro tection. He heard M. S. Sullivan say tc Catwell, "My God. chief, can't you kill that man." The witniess grabbed -the chief's gun and said. "My God chief. don't kill him.'' The witness was arrested then by Policeman Ro wick. He did not see Brown fire The witness displayed a hole in his right trouser leg and a we!+ heneati: it on his lez -!ust over the knee. HE VOICE OF MAN TRAVELS ACROSS BROAD ATLANTIC Wireless Station at Arlington Talks With Paris by Telephone-Hon olulu Hears Talk of Operator. Arlington, Va., talked by wireless telephone with Paris, France, Thurs day. Honolulu also' heard the opera tor talking from Arlington. An nouncement that - the human -voice had been projected across the Atlan tic was made on behalf of John J. Carty, chief engineer of the Ameri can Telephone and Telegraph com pany, at the company's offices in New York. Later Mr. Carty telephoned 1from Chicago confirming the announce ment. To B. B. Webb, a telephone engineer, fell the honor of being the first man to span with his voice the space between the old world and the new. Sitting in the navy's powerful wireless plant at Arlington, Mr. Webb shortly after midnight Thirsday morning asked the wireless telegraph to signal the Eiffel tower in Paris. - The wireless snapped out the sig nal and soon there came back a re slonse. Awaiting word from Webb at the Paris end of the wireless radio station were H. E. Shreeve and A. M. Curtiss, army engineers, and a group of French officers, listening with especially designed apparatus. In Honolulu, eight thousand miles from Arlington, iMr. Espenchied, an other telephone engineer, at the Pearl Harbor navy yard, also was waiting. Webb at Arlington had aftransmit ting instrument but no receiving ap paratus. He knew therefore that he would have to wait for the cable to confirm the success or failure of the experiment. "Hello, Shreeve," he shouted in the mouthpiece. "Hello, Shreeve." He then began to count, "One, two, three, four; one,- two, three, four; goodbye." Late Thursday afternoon the mes sage came. It said that Webb's "hello" and "good-bye" had been dis tinctly heard by the engineers and French army officers in Paris and that portions of his test figures had also been .picked :up. At about the same time there came a message from Honolulu saying that Webb's talk had been understood in ful:by the receiv ing engineer there and that even tLe voice had been recognized as Webb's. Carty said ovpr the telephone that much experimental work will have to be done yet before telephone com munication across the Atlantic be comes an every day affair. ARMIESOF SERBIA NOW FACE UTTER EXTERMINATION Hammered on AUSides by Superior Forces Swift Allied Assist ance is Her Only Hope. Serbia's military position is criti caL Hammered by superior forces on two sides, her armies are threaten ed with being crushed as no army has been'crushed during the war. Not only were these facts admitted in England, France 'and Russia on Monday, but they are reflected in of ficial Serbian statements. The key to escape from this situation is the speed with which France and England could throw forces north from Saloniki, in' the hope of relieving pressitre from the Austrians and Bulgariansin the east. The Bulgarians are battling under the eyes of *King Ferdinand. -Not withstanding the presumably super ior artillery of the Austrians and Germans, it is the final attack by the Bulgarians 'which seems the most menacing to the Serbians. At few places are the Teutons as much as twenty miles south of the Danube. In fact, the ground gained averages a depth of only ten. miles.- The Bul garians are displaying tremendous energy, indicative of carefully laid plans -preceding the. declaration of war. With twenty miles of the Nish Saloniki railway in their hands they have a strategic advantage which it will -be difficult to overcome. The movement- of' Entente troops from Saloniki still are unknown to the publice but if any considerable force has been detailed for the task it must be heard from soon.. Froni Sofia and Saloniki come de ials that Serbians have Strumitsa. This means that Bulgarian soil still s free of invasion. It is reported that the Bulgai-ians and that a great battle Is raging at the Macedonia town of Velezo where the Serbs won a victory over the Turks in' the Bal kan war of 1912. AccordIng to an unofficial report, the Bulgarians have taken the town. ENGLAND OFFERS CYPRUS TO GREECE FOR hER AID All Belligerents are Striving to Win Big Victory to Influence Neu tral States. - Withi the rapid sweep eastward of the Bulgarians, the people of -the al-' lied countries are -watching with, keenest interest ziegotiations 'be tween their governments and Greece. These negotiations are being carried -on by the British foreign 'office in be-' half- of the Allies. - Having failed to convince Greece that it was her duty to abide of the Serb-Greek treaty and help..Serbia,- the Allies have made -a fresh offer to that country, including cession 'of the island of Cyprus. 'This ffer and an outline of possible fin tncial. help are now being considered by the cabinet. Should the negotiations fail, it is expected that Greece will be .asked to demobilize or 'clearly define 'her attitude.' -Co.nversations also. are pro ceedng with Roumania through the Freneli foreign office. All the~'-be ligerents. thinkc -that the best way to influence the neutral states is to win a bis victory.' Austria, Germany and Bulgaria.arae-trying for-this-in Ser-via, Germany in Courland and France, taly .in - the- Tyrol and Trentino and Russia in Galicia and near Slonim, which,.roughly, is the centre of the Eastern front. Seven Die in Explosion. A wagon load of dynamite exploded -as it was being hauled into the yard of the Qranite Mountain Mine of the North -Bnitee Company at Butte, Mont., Tuesday. and at least seven men were killed and five serioubi in jured, one~ e f whom will die. saw Cohen fall at his right. The witness held his gun downward to he left across his body. ITURKS IN CONTROL ALLIES IIARD PRESSED AT DAR= DANELLES FRONT TROOPS SAVE SOLDIERS Associated Press Correspondent- Says Position of Attackers is no Better Than When They Landed-Over One Hundred and Thirty Thousand Men Have Been Sent to Peninsula. The following letter from an Asso ciated Press correspond'ent at the Dardanelles front is of interest, in view of the assertion of Lord Milner In the House of Lords last week that the British campaign on the Gallipoli peninsula had been a failure, and the declination of the British government to commit itself regarding continua tion of this campaign. Although seven weeks have elapsed since this letter was written, there- have. been no changes of great importance, as far as reported, on . the Gallipoli fronts. The position of the allied troops on the Anafarta-Ari Burnu front of the Gallipoli peninsula can hardly be described as a promising one. Such, at least, was the impression gained by the Associated Press correspond ent during an eight-day stay in the war arena in question. The factors upon which this conclusion is based are a thorough inspection of the Turkish officers and allied prisoners of war. What is perhaps of more import ance is the result of four major mili tary actions which occurred while the correspondent was on this front. They consisted of an attack by the Allies on a Turkish position north of Kodjatchemen Dagh the afternoon o August 20, an assault on Turkish trenches in the same general locality the same night and two attacks on Anafarta August 2 and 27. In each instance the Allies were driven back with heavy losses. No advantages weie gained by them, with the excep fion . of the temporarj occupation. of a Turkish t'ench near Kutchuk Ana farta August 26. ' The losses of the Turke were by no means light in any of these .opera tions, but the Allies, acting on the offensive, suffered heavily. Their losses for the four actions are esti mated at eleven to thirteen thousand dead, and double, that number of wounded. A description of the Ari Burnu Anafarta territory may be of inter est. When the correspondent visited this front, the Turkish positions ran from the immediate north to Gaba Tepe along the base of Kodjatchemen Dagh, then turned slightly northeast toward and past Biyuk Anafarta, thence nortlwest past Kutchuk Ana farta, clearing that place to the west at a distance of about eleven hun dred yards, and coptining west in 2 semicircular sweep toward Kiretch Tepe, or .Chalk Hill. This elevation then formed the ex treme Turkish right flank. Two hills south-of Kiretch Tepe, on some maps Indicated as part of the -Kizlar Dagh, were in the hands of the British. The ground held by the Allies was that part of the coast'region wrhich could be commanded by their naval artillery. Generally- speaking, they held to the south of Kodfatchemen Dagh the western slopes of the hills, within the line drawn above, of the Anafarta valley, the west slope of a high ridge between the two Anafar tas and the plain to the north of Salt lake. 'Near the eastern slope of Kiretch Tepe the allied trenches ran south again .and finally crossed the northernmost of the two hills men tioned. Thus far the Allies have landed in the Anafarta region about one hun dred and fifteen thousand men, a large part of which force already has been used up.. It is safe to say that they are to-day opposed by about one hundred and thirty-five thousand Turks, who are actuall-y entrenched with about eighty thousand effectives in reserve. Every advantage of terrain is held by the Turks, whose trenches are located on higher ground than those of the Allies. The Anafarta region may be compared to half of a huge saucer which has been broken, the line breakage being formed by the shore of the Aegean sea and the bot tom and rim being in the hands of the Allies and Turks, respectively. Until August -16 when the Turks under.Lieut. Col. Wilmers Bey, a Ger man cavalry officer, retook Kiretch Tepe, the position of the Allies was better, as they were miasters of af least a part of the Anafarta region. This advantage was lost that day. A few .days before the Turks, under Lieut. Col. Kannengieser, a German, reoccupield Kodjatchemen Dagh; while another Ottoman force, under Maj. Hunger, also a German, cleared off the allied troops from- an impor ant crest west of the.Biyuk Anafarta cemetery. With these positions lost, the All-ies- to-day hold themselves in the Anafarta region solely by virtue of an immense artillery fire super iority. Without the support of some forty ine ships, cruisers and torpedo boats they would be "thrown into the sea," as Liman von Sanders, commander in-chief of the Turkish Gallipoli army, expressed it. 'There have been moments, however, when the Turk ish troops in the Anafarta district have been .hard pressed. On such instance occurred August 26. ' The British fleet in the Aegean prepared by a very severe bombardment for the ensuing infantry assault between the two Anafartas. When the rush came the Turk-ish infantry was oblg ed to evacuate its advanced trenches. Retreating to the rear and communi cating trenches, the -Turks checked the advance of the British. Two days later the Turks reoccupied the lost position. An attack made by the Allies August 26 and 27 in the direc tion of Kiretch Tepe ended in terri ble slaughter. of British troops, some thirty-eight hundred dead being douited August 28. British prisoners assert that their position is a most trying one. Water is extremely scarce in the Anafarta region and it is said only one well is in the hands of the British. The re sult is that water must be brought from the Island of Imbros and even from Saloniki. The men receive a pint of tea'in the morning and an .ther at five o'clock. One-half pint of w(ater at noon is the only allow ance of this necessity, prisoners state, that is given. Up to a week ago the food of the British soldiers conlsistedl of six army bicuits andl a preserved meat ration, some candy andl .i being added. Poor health is the result of this diet. The correspondent talked to an Eng lis prisnemr of the Hants Ninth Ter ritorials, who, unable to obtain medi cal assistance, had become 'so weak from dysentary that his comrades had to abandon him when the Turks took the trench in which he was station ed. It is said there are many similar cases. The correspondent saw five of them. It was explained by these men that the British sanitary service is so overtaxed that it can not -give attention to every case of sickness brought to its notice. To other handicaps of the allied troops must be added the great beat, and ever-present dust. Of some 130 prisoners the correspondent saw, ful ly one-half suffered from inflamma tion of the eyes. It can not be said- that the troops recently brought to the peninsula are first class material. Many of the men are too young to. endure the hardships of such a climate. Trench digging, -under the prevailing condi-' tions, is torture to their still unde veloped bodies, leading to painful disorders. The prisoners of. war with whom the correspondent talked had bedn. in the service from: four to eleven months. Some of them expressed dissatisfaction with their officers. The correspondent witnessed' the total annihilation of a company which had penetrated a Turkish trench, but was destroyed because its flank was left uncovered.. Whether this was -due to the Impulsiveness of the men or to the negligence of oth ers could not be learned... When the Associated Press corre spondent left the Gallipoli peninsula, after an eight?day stay on the front, the allied troops at Seddul Bahr, on the tip of the peinsula, had been in* active for more than three weeks. Their position was no more favorable than that. of . their comrades in the Aagafarta region, as described in a recent letter. Field M3arshal Liman von Sanders, the German officer in command -of the Turkish forces, gave his idea of the general situation as follows: "I am too old to be an optimist, but I believe-I am absolutely confi: dent-that unless something extia ordinary occurs .we shall hold the Allies where they aie:" The field .marshal is sixty-five years old. So far as concerns the a*llied forces at. Seddul Bahr, it apparently har .been demonstrated that.it is next tc impossible for them to advance, witb operations conducted within the range of reasonable and permissible sacrifices of men. In other words, it is still possible to dislodge the Turks, but to do so would cause too great a loss to the Allies. On that front, as at Anafarta, the Turks have used every means to better their po sitions. Though both fields of action are small, the Turks have dug hun dreds of kilometers ot fire line and communicating trenches. . El'Jid Tepe, in the Seddul Bahr region, has been the objective of the Allies. Heavy -guns.stationed on its summit, they argued, could easily si lence the forts at Taha'nak Kale and Kilid Bahr. A survey . of the ground, h4owever, raises . a serious question whether this theory is cor rect. The Turks tooK no chances, and defended the elevation- success fully. The landing at Ari Burnu, in the niorthern zone, had. a twofold pur poise.: - It was the time to 'threaten the rear of the Turkish forces at Euddul Bahr, and also to place the Kodjetchemen Dagh at the disposal of the heavy allied batteries. From the Kodjatchemen Dagh the works at Kilid Bahr and Tchanak Kale could have been bombarded effectively, as could have been the Kilia and Akbach .bays, now serving as supply bases for the Turkish forces. Kodjatchemen Dagh was occupied by the British, but lost again. Ki retch Tepe was -to serve as a flank position against possible Turkish at tacks on the allied lines in and south of the Anafarta plain. It, too, was taken by the Turks. P-om 'a strictly millitary point of view,, political considerations disre garded, the Allies on the peninsula are in a less favorable condition to day than they were April 26, when the first landing took place. The Turks in the Anafarta region for the greater' part are Anatolian' peasants, sturdy, tough, inured to every hardship of wyar and not plagu ed by the nerves of their higher strung antagonists. Many of them are clad in rags, not a few are arm ed with single-shot rifles and most of them wearing slippers instead of shoes. Their food though plain, is substantial and wholesome and their water supply is ample.. * Ships Lost by England. Official announcemernt was made that the total number of British mer chant vessels, exclusive of fishermen. sunk by submarines to October 14, was 183. The number of fishing ves sels sunk to that time was 175. Guarantees Religious Freedom. By a vote of 69 to 12, the chamber of deputies of Peru Wednesday sanc tioned a change in the constitution which will guarantee religious free dom. HOW $300,000,000 WILL BE SPEN .CREASE, AS OFFICl In recommending the five-year;p expenditure of $502,48-2,214, the ad tribute the expenses as evenly as po to be appropriated for naval increas program, as announced by Secretary congress as follows:. For Ne 1917. 1918. (000 omitted) Dreadnoughts. $15,540 $26,580,000 $ Battle cruisers~ 11,158 11,921,000 Scout cruisers.' 6,900 6,350,000 Destroyers ... 10,500 16,900,000 Fleet subs . . . 4,425 5,577,500 Coast subs .. . 5,750 13,950,000 Gunboats. . . . 760 1,140,00 0 Hospital ships. 1.250 1,200,000 Fel oi ships. 700 655,250 Repair ships. .. .. . ------ Total . . . . $57,003 $84,273,750 $ For Completion of S Prev'ly auth'ed 28,369 20,149,000 Total . . . . $85,372 10 4,422,750 Aviation . . . . 2.000 1,000,000 R's've of m'n's 8,000 5,000,000 Grand total. $95,372 110,422,750 Grand total for five years, $502 President -Wilson will urge cone naval increase recommendcd by Sec3 units, which it is propos;ed to add tc Battleships .... .. ......--.-. Battle cruisers... .. .. .. ..-. Scout cruisers .. ............-.-. Destroyers.. .. ...... ..-.-. Fleet submarines... .. .. .. .. Coast submarines .. .. .. .. .. . Gunboats.. .. .. .. . ... .... Hospital ship.. .. .. .. .. .. .. Aifmmunition ships .. .. .. .. .. . Fuel Oil ships. .. .. .. .. .. .. Repair ship. .. .. .. .. . ... .. 1SHIP 13 A -PIRATE -U. S. REVENUE CUTTER CMASES SUSPECT IN MEXICAN GULF IS MANNED BY liERMAN3 Department 'of Justice Will Try- Op erators of. Vessel on Charge of Piracy if They are Members of Crew of Interned Raider-Other Striking Events in Caribbean. Athrilling chase by the United States revenue cutter Miami is being,. conducted izr .the Gulf of Mexico after the iteamship Zealandia, which has been declared a pirate ship by the department of justice.- The crew of this-fugitive vessel is-known to.-le German or men of German sympa thies. Attorney General Gregory ar nounced that if any of the crew are shown to be the men who escaped from the German interned. cruisers at Norfolk they will be arrested and tried for piracy in this country,'for which the penalty is death. The Zealandia is an iron ship une der American registry built in 1871 and is capable of making twelve knots an hour. She Is owned by the Fiske Trading Co.-, New York. It is understood the Zealandia is now.un der charter to anofher shipping' firm and carrying iiscellaneous- cargo bound for Malmo,- Sweden, -with a stop at 'Tampico, iMexico, ostensibly for a cargo of oil. The department of justice has .re ceived reports confirming earlier ru mors that the-Zealandia had changed crews at Pensacola, Fla., and sailed from that -port October 7, practically converted into a German ctuiser to be used for raiding the commerce o the Allies. It was specifically re ported that when the ship left the Fjorida port tho American flag paint. ed upon-her side had been obliterat ed and her name effaced from its proper place. The ship's owners, in explaining ; this, said .they had -ordered the ship nainted at Pensacola and that the ef facement of the distinguishing marks that identified American ships within the dan'ger zones of Europe undoubt edly had been wiped -out -through carelessness and not by design. If the government officials know how ,the Zealandia has been armed to make it available as a commerce raider, they gre.keeping that infor mation to themselves. The. United States government would be responsi ble to the Allies for any damage done to the commerce of the.Aios by any ship fitted out at an American port. A general alarm has been set out. All the revenue- cutters and several: warships are engaging in the search. Merchantmen plying in the* waters where the Zealandia- is supposed- to have been hayeibeen warned-to be.on the lookout and report by wireless. The department of justice holds that the ship having gone to sea in vio-. lation of law and for an unlawful purpose, is liable to seizure, by ,17 ship that can take her and declare that extreme penalty will be meted out to the offenders when caught. Officials at Washington are per plexed by a tangled skein of circum-. stances, ointing. either to the' institu tion of a new commerce raiding -cam paign by Germans in the Caribbean. sea or the begitnning of eseries of filibustering expeditions- agant Mexico. The justice, navy and state - departments have worked on the mystery' several weeks without suc cess. The departure of several sea-going motor boats, the escape of German off icers interned at Norfolk and the mysterious movements of several American yachts in the Gulf of Mexi co have baffled, not only officials of the Washington government, who are anxious to prevent violations -of neu trality through -use of~ American ter ritory as a base of naval operations, but also agents of the Bi-itish- gov ernent, who fear a commerce-raid ing campaign is about to be begun against tan-k steamers carrying- oil frm Mexican ports for use of the British navy. The circumstances, which officials believe are all connected in a gen eral way, follow: 1. The sudden departure of six Germran warrant officers from Nor folk in the motor yacht Eclipse, pro visioned for several days' voyageb 2. The arrival at Buena Ventura, Colombia, of an American ship, the Academy. from 'San Francisco heavi ly provisioned. One of the Academy owners telegraphed the government at Washington that the vessel had no instructions to go to Colombia. The captain of the vessel claimed (Continued on last page.) T IN FIVE YEARS FOR NAVAL IN ALLY ESTIATED. rogram of naval increase involving an ministration has endeavored to dis ssible over that period. The amounts e during each of the five years of the Daniels, will be recommended to w Ships. 1919. 1920. - 1921. 37,600,000 $37,600,000 $37,600,000 17,50,000 17,118,500 23,460,500 10,000,000 8,650,000 10,000,000 10,100,000 10,300,000 .13,600,000 5,437,500 4,215,000 3,400,000 9,750,000 9,750,000 9,750,000 380,000 .... 380.,000 ...... 799,687 1,766,000 *. . .... 700,000 655,260 ..... . '.. .... 1,175,000 90,767,5~00 $89,133,087 $101,786,750 hips Authorized. 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,003 ,000,000 5,000,000 2,000,000 96,767,500 $95,133,087 $104,786,750 48 2,2 14. ess to adopt the five-year program of etay Daniels. Here are the new the navy during that period. :1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 Ttl 2 2 2 2 2 10 3 2 0 1 - 2 1 6,i 3 1 .2 2---- 2 10 15 10 5 10 10 50 5 - 4 2 2 2 15 25 15 15 15 15 85 2 '1 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 1l ') 0 0 1 1 2 o 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1