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BOSES OUR TRADE GREAT BRITAIN USES BOYCOTT AND THE BLACKLIST HOLDS UP RAW MATERIALS England Attempts to Control Ameri ca's World Trade by Forcing Man ufacturers to Sign Guarantees Not to Sell or Export Goods to Any Country Without Her Consent. On Londay morning the New York World began a presentation of facts, illuminated by documentary evidence, whish- reveal the efforts of the Brit ish government to regulate and con trol trade, between the United States and the rest of the world. These ac tivities are shown to have been far reaching, materially important and invariably successfuL There is no in formation to, justify the statement that they have been actually illegal or secretive. The evideqce upon which The World bases its portrayal of British undertakings shows that the British government has succeeded in dictat tng to Americaps engaged in various forms of industry the terms under whih they Are permitted to do busi nes with. the rest of the world. and that it resorted to the "boycott" and "blacklist" to enforce its'demands. These -demands, as set forth in documents accompanying these arti cles, are, in effect, that every Ameri can manufacturer whose business compels the use of raw materials mainly obtainable in British. posses sions Is compelled to sign, before re elving such products, guarantees partaking of the nature of an oath that lie will not barter, sell or ship goods manufactured from them to azy foreign country without the con sent of the British government. This application of the "boycott" , Am3erican.busbiess is extended so as .toL-include South America, pre sumably on the theory that American manufactured products sent there UIght eventuafy find their way to American- business men who have suffered by this restriction claim that theBritish government has exceeded siegitimate international privileges bepractically'placing an' embargo on merican -made goods of a miscel saeous character into the manufac ir of which no British raw material enter.. Operating through its board of tradera government institution simi ar to the United States department of commerce, and its recently created var trade department, the British government has practically reorganiz ed-andnow exercises an almost abso ute-control over the American indus tries nto the -manufacture of which 4ntars wool, cotton, rubber and other raw materials. -& 'lbrough American trade organiza fenS designated by the British gov enent to -'represent it officially, ?meric~n manufacturers compelled -1 ' ecure supplies of raw materials 5A grown or produced in the British zIsles Canada, Australia, New Zea land, South Africa, India, Malaysia ead fits other colonies, have been ~ ~coerced into--signing agreements and gnrnesnot to trade yith "enemy countries."~ Penalties for violations -of these agreements are provided in 'the application of the "boycott" and - blacklist."- - From documents, official records ,nd interviews obtained by The : 3World the fact Is clearly established ~-5~that the. Bitish .government now &paeteica dictates the terms under - didc the importers and manufacUr -m of thi United-States are permitted h-.-I 4 bsness beyond the Atlantic -a Pacic Oceans and the Canadian and- Panborders.. CHow effective- the trade blockade t'o America has been made by Great SBrifain is. demonstrated -by specific T nstances. Evidence on this point -shows that in its attempt to conquer the Teutonic allies arrayed against it th'e British government has penalized - American manufacturers by withhold -in fg froin-theia the delivery of goods ofd raw materials which were con raited and paid for prior to the be Sgi lg~ of the European war. American manufacturgrs who, for = patriotic reasons, resented the trade - dictation' of Great Britain, have been peremptorily checked,,at first by an -admonition and warning, finally by -being "blacklistewd." ALfew Amerlan concerns, notably the Americau .Woolen Company (the Wool Trust),sTabruptly refused to ac cede to the& conditions iniposed by Great Britain' and have been comn Tle opsufer the inevitable conse 4'Wfim M. Wood, president of the - ~~ercanWoolen company, recently tota friend andjbusiness associate .-otnthat the American Woolen ~"~ %oin'ay ould go into bankruptcy - --~ b~pre$t aiud yield to the arbitrary - 4eynsptGreat Britain. What Mr. S-W di~d-a "Great Britain could thel." The .American Woolen company is &sIxty-million-dollar corporation. It owns the immense Ayer Mills. Its own plant cover seven hundred acres and Its mill buildings contdin ten mion square feet of mill space. B ut the American Woolen company fom. the British Dominions is not -able to get one pound of 'wool, al though its business Is entirely with American consumers. The declaration of Great Britain tc permit Oelrichs and company, an old established American firm, to be plac ed on the wool "preference list" unti' it gave up its forwarding department furnishes another illustration ol British methods in dealing with American trade. This firm not only was compelled to give up its forwarding department but to furnish guarantees that it had no' financial' connection with the -North German L-ioyd Steamship comn -pany before it could secure four hun ired thousand dollars worth of South -African wool contracted for prior tc the declaration of war between Great Britain and Germany. The surrender to the British terms of some American firms is instanced - -in letters in the possession of The World. An Ohio steel firm 'was comn 'pelled to notify its customers that it would not accept contracts from them tha tnles guarantees were furnished thttemanufactured articles would not be offetred for sale outside the United States or to any foreign coun try except Great Britain. The undertakings of the British government in seeking to control American trade conditions have been conducted with sublety. Legal de vices have been resorted to in avoid ing conflict with American laws. As - a matter of fact, the hand of the British government is not directly re vealed in the application of methods - by which the subjugation of Amueri can cognmerce ha~s been accomplished Insurance and steamship comn panies have been compelled to insert .lauses in their contracts cov-erms~ shipments of American goods to al' foreign countries which give the British government the right to seize - -.J shipments consigned to ports not LOADED STREET CAR DROPS FIFTEEN FEET; SEVEN DEAD Dynamite Explosion in New York Subway Causes Disaster-Water and Gas Pipes Burst. Seven persons were reported by po lice to have been killed and more than fifty others seriously injured in New York Wednesday when a dyna mite explosion in the excavation of the new Seventh Avenue Subway caused a cave-in which engulfed a surface car and numerous pedes trians. The accident occurred short ly before eight o'clock and more than half of the injured were women and girls on their way to business. There were sexenty-eiglit passen gers on the trolley car which dropped fifteen feet into the subway excava tion when the entire block on Sev enth Avenue )etween Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth streets collapsed. Although the car remained upright, it was partly buried under an ava lanche of concrete, jails, timbers and earth, and many of the passengers were severely crushed. Persons who were in a large office building nearby said there was a great roar as the pavement and por tions of the sidewalks sank. This was followed a moment -later by the cries of the partly entombed passen gers and .of pedestrians who were either thrown into the excavation or knocked down. Men and women smashed the car windows with their bare hands in an effort to escape, eye witnesses said. while pedestrians who had been thrown into the hole strug gled to avoid the falling debris and regain the street level. Police reserves were called out, two fire alarms were turned in and fifteen ambulances with thirty sur geons were rushed to the scene. The hospital corps of a large cloak and suit house nearby turned out. * The cave-in broke water and gas mains *and within a fgw minute heavy flows of gas and water threat ened the lives of the one hundred or more persons ~ in the excavation. Prompt work by city employees in shutting off the- flow -in the broken mains' put an end to this danger. BRYAN MAY 60 TO EUROPE ON MISSION OF PEACE Editors of American Newspapers in Foreign Tongues Would Send Ex-Secretary Abroad. Plans to- send Former Secretary Bryan on a mission of peace to the .warring nations of Europe were the subject of a conference at Washiig ton Friday between the former cabi net officer and Dr. William Forgo, representing editors. of American newspapers published in foreign lan guages. Before'visiting Mr. Bryan, Mr. Forgo-in a- public statement, set forth the plan as so'far developed, which contemplates a personal visit by Mr. Bryan to belligerent nations to argue for peace. In his statement. Dr. Forgo said that 'Mr. Bryan already had given him the impression that if the trip were undertaken, Mr. Bryan himself "will for the love of the cause not only sacrifice his time but will also pay his own expenses. The state ment laiided the former secretary ot state1, saying "that in all Europe, in belligerent or neutral countries, there is no American held in greater es teem than Mr. Bryan.'" Dr. Forgo said Mr. Bryan would probably an nounce his plans after the confer ence. - GERMANS MUST BE SWIFT -TO CATCh RETREATING RUSS Strategic Importance of Vilna Caused Russians to Risk Many of Their Best Troops. London, Wednesday: Special dis patches from Petrograd agree that the Rtussians have withdrawn safely from the Vilna salient, the strategic value of which was considered so great that the Russian staff felt justified in risk Ing some of the best troops to defend it to the last possible moment. In their withdrawal the Russians are said to have destroyed everything of military utility. Although the main army probably is safe it is hardly likely that the whole Russian force will escape without heavy losses in men and guns. Von Hinden burg's cavalry, which was expected to complete the encircling movement, is still held up between Smorgon and Molodechno. On the Vilna-Lida-Slonim flank the German advance is proceeding steadily but Prince Leopold's pro gress is slower, while Field Marshal von Mackensen has come to a pause beyond the Pripet marshes. If the Russian retreat is to be stopped successfully, the swiftest movement must come from the south and the Germans must reap the full advantage of their efforts within a week. MAKE HlAUL AT POST OFFICE - Burglars Also Enter Store anid Depot at Eulonia. The first news of the robbery at Eulonia to -reach Mullins Tuesday 'norning came at five o'clock in a telephone message from Sheriif Dozier to Rural Policeman W. K. Brown, instructing him to be on the lookout for suspicious parties, and advised him to proceed to Smithboro where he should inspect passenger train from Marion to Lumberton, when it reached there at seven-thirty. Mr. Bi-own also made search at five forty of train No. 14, from Poston to H-amlet, when it reached that junc tion.. The store of S. U. D~avis, the post office and the depot were entered by -obbers and goods to the amount of several hundred dollars were stolen. From the post office cash to the amount of thirty dollars or more was stolen, and from the store of S. 1. Davis, about two dozen watches. valued at more than two hundred dol lars, were stolen. It is not thought that any goods were taken from the depot. recognized by it. There is further evidlence prIesented that. officials of the British governr ment are stationed in thre United States to supervise both its expot and import tradle. These officials op rate through American trade organi 'ations. which hare been comnpelledI to accept the terms of the BtritishI ~overnment, and through banks. ex oress. insurance. under'writing. for iarding anid steam'shi: companies. Macedo(nians .Join Bulu.ar-s-. Sofia reports: It is learned that: ~he numbher of Macedonians who jin ~d the lBuk:mrian colors on Friday is bout fifty thousand. From reIlb l sources it is reported that traffic on Bulgarian railroads has h,,i n s'J NHAT lUMlA WROTE ;AID PRESIDENT HAS BURNED IlS BRIDGES BEHIND HIM lilT MUNITIONS POLICY Lustrian Ambassador Criticized Lan sings Reply a3 "Certainly Very Weak" in Letter Which Archibald Carried-Text is Made Public by the British in london. Of the thirty-four American and werman papers found in the posses ;ion of James F. J. Archibald, -the kmerican newspaper correspondent, vhen he was apprehended at Fal nouth, ' England, while proceeding rom New York for Rotterdam, seven :een are described as having been nade public in London and the other eventeen as being "insufficient to varrant publication.". Count von Bernstorff. the German imbassador to the United States, in me letter says that Mr. Archibald "is roceeding to Germany to collect ma erial for lectures in the United States n the interest of the German cause." In a letter addressed to Archibald ount von Bernstorif says: "I have heard with pleasure that rou wish once more to return 4- Ger nany and Austria after having pro noted our interests out here in such i zealous and successful manner." * Capt. von Papen, the military at tachee of the German embassy in Washington, in a letter to a Berlin friend said: "3Xr. Archibald is going to Germany and Austria to collect new impressions from the point of view of.the strictly impartial jour alist he has always been." The documents included a letter from Dr. Constantin Theodor Dumba, the Austro-Hungarian ambassador at Washington to Baron von Burian, the Austro-Hungarian minister of foreign affairs, which criticised Sec retary of State Lansing's reply to Baron von Burian's protest against the large d-liveries of weapons .to the Allies. The letter declares the legal arguments of Mr. Lansin~g are "certainly very weak," but adds that to return to the question is useless having .regard to the somewhat self willed temperament of the presi dent." The letter of Dr. Dumba, dated August 20, says: "The reply of Secretary of State Lansing to the note of the 29th of June, in which your Excellency pro tested against ithe enormous deliv eries of weapons and munitions to the Allies from the United States, was published here-I do not know whether with the agreqment of the Austrian government-on the 16th ultimo. "As was to be expected, the refusal was quite categorical. The legal ar buments are certainly very weak, for the references to articles supplied by Germany and Austria during the Boer war are not to the point and are misleading, for at that time Ger many claimed the right to send food stuffs to the Boers via the neutral port of Lorenzo Marques, and, if I am not mistaken, carried the point after the war against Efigland. *"The true ground for the discour aging attitude of the president lies, as his confidant, Mr. House, already informed me in January, and now has repeated, in the fact that the authori ties in a serious crisis would have to rely on neutral foreign countries for all their war materials. At no. price and in no case wilf Mr. Wilson allow this sourc'e to dry up. "For this i'eason I am of the opin ion that a return to the question, whether official'ly, by replies of your Excellency, or by a semi-official con versation between myself and the secretary of state, will not only be useless, but even, having regard to the 'self-willed temperament of the president, hat-mful. - "In this matter I agree entirely with the view expre~ssed by Consul General Schwegel in a raport attach ed. The president has broken all the bridges behind him and made his point of iew so definite that it is impossible for him to retreat from this position. "As last autumn, he can always, through his personal influence, either force-the House of Representatives to take his point of view against their better judgment, or, on the other hand, in the Senate can overthrow the resolution already voted in favor of prohibiting the export of guns and ammunitions. "In the circumstances. any attempt to force the individual states to vote parallel resolutions thrdugh their: legislative bodies offer no advantages apart from the- internal difficulties which the execution of this plan pre sents. "The proposal to forbid passenger shis to carry munitions stands on a different footing, however. Mr. Bryan and his Democratic supporters would stand for this prohibition, and I be lieve the president would not show bimself so intransigeant with regard to this action. "As for the note to protest against British interference with shipping. which has so often been noticed and as often postponed, I learn that the issue is delayed in consequence of the imminent declaration of cotton as contraband. The feeling which ob tains amongst the great American im porters was accurately represented in Mr. Meagher's (Meeker?) speech. Meagher is one of the principal ex porters of the~ United States, for he is a partner in the Chicago company of Armour and Co., who, with the irm of Swift. control the meat mar ket of the whole Western Hemi sphere. "Mr. Meagher, whom I recently net on a yacht, and whose acquaint ince I had already made in Chicago. isolutely regards.England's acts as rbitrary. .No fewer than thirty-one s'hips with meat and bacon, ship nents of his firm for Sweden. valued it nineteen million dollars. have been etained in English ports for months under suspicion that they ultimately ire intended for Germany. "The negotiations are being so long rawn out, because Mr. Meagher and iis companions will not accept a lame :ompromise, but insist on full comn >ensaion or the-release of thle con signments, in which the baron may e still sound. "My informant further gave mue to mdelrstandI he has not yet playedl his ast trump. namely, a refusal to im >rt meat to England under the cir -ustanlces. He---that is to say the tbove named slaughtering houses ontrol the Argentine market. At ie present mo.mnent they are paralyz 'd here also by the action of the ritish admnirafty, for the latter has omandeered most of the Englishi reight ships intend~ed to transport niea1t from Argentine. ";f England stood face to face with ie daniger of. net I 'ng ab1le to get ly meiat friomn the~ nitedl States or egentine s.he would soon give ini. "What the immediate result here i mak ing rottonu contraband w~ill be shard to say. The anger of those aterested in cott on wvill be enormous ineasari. lit oni th'. ot her hand. 3ULGARIA READY FOR WAR f TO REALIZE ITS AMBITION King Ferdinand Says His Government G is to Take Action Positive in Results Sofia, via London, Wednesday: Bul garia apparently is on the brink of t war. The people generally believe S hostilities are imminent. The mili- b :ary authorities have taken possession f :f the railways and ordinary traffic n has been suspended. d Diplomatic representatives of the e ntente powers generally recognize p that their cause is a lost one, and that t Bulgaria is manifesting clearly a ten- c dency toward the central powers. This is due to the dissatisfaction of t the government at Serbia's reply in f the negotiations for territorial con- t cessions in Macedonia and at the con- t duct of Greece in this connection. n In government circles the state- t ment was made that all the military t measures taken are of a preventive C nature, designed solely to guard b against circumstances which might c threaten Bulgaria's position in the v present situation, which is develop- r ing with extraordinary rapidity. These measures consist in turning 1 over the railroads to the military t authorities and suspending ordinary r traffic. t Reports from many parts of Bul- r garia.tell of the enthusiastic demon- t strations in favor of the government. The formal cession by Turkey of the I territory along the Dedeaghatch rail road has been delayed by the action of the Entente powers in notifying Bulgaria that acceptance would be re garded as an unfriendly act. It was learned that King Ferdi nand, replying last Frtday to the as sertions of leaders of the opposition parties that the Allies would be vic torious, said: "The Eentente is not sure of win fing. Nothing indicates. at this mo ment that such will be the case. If Bulgaria's chances of bbtaining Mace donia depend thereon, they may never be realized. My government is enter ing a policy which is positive in ac tion and certain in good results." GREAT BRITAIN'S. BLOCKADE CONTINUES TO STOP SRIPS No Reason Has Been Given for the Continued Detainment of the Tanker Corning.. The continued detention- :of the American tanker Corning and the Norwegian steamer Vitalia promises to cause a revival of interest in the controversy over the question of the seizure of neutral shipping. No reason has yet been made pub lie, says a London' dispatch, for the seizure of the Corning, but Standard Oil officials, exercised over their fail ure to secure her release, have placed the case in the hands of the Ameri can government. - The Vitalia's cargo was consigned to The Netherlands Oversea Trust, but the British government maintains that.contracts for such a large ship ment-had not been made in advance by the trust. The packers maintain they had a right to ship without pre vious orders. The State department was advised on September 10 that the Corning. from Baton Rouge to Malmo, Swe den, had arrived at -Kirkwall. It was assumed by officials that she had vol untarily put into that port to obviate her seizure as a "suspect." BU;GARIA'S MOBILIZATION| GRAVE STEP, S&YS LONDON Hope in English Capital is That it Does Not Mean Final Deci sion of Balkan Power. London reports: The news that Bulgaria is mobilizing, to what end has not yet been revealed, which reached here first from New York is considered the 'inOst important news| of weeks.-I No attempt is made in any quarter to deny the tremendously grave im plications of this inove on the part of| the state which has from the first| been the storr' centre of the whole tangled Balkan problem, but it is still hoped that it does not mean that Bulgaria has finally decided to throw in her lot with Germany, Austria and her traditional enemy, Turkey. On the contrary, it is suggested that this| last dramatic m'ove is the final noti-| fication to the Allies that they must meet Bulgaria's .terms. None the less, all the news to-day from the Balkans has been steadily more alarming. -' the fear of threatened confiscation may make the leaders of the cotton trust so yielding' that they, against their better judgment, may agree to the sale of the greater part of the present supply en bloc to England, who would be in a position in the future to control the whole cotton market, andI on peace being declared, to force on the whole world this es sential raw.i material. (Signed) "C. Dumba." Count von Bernstorff's letter is one which he wrote to Secretary of 1 State Lansing on August 18, just|1 after the expose of the New Yorkj World, which attempted to implicate him in efforts to create strike dis- 1 turbances. It has already been pub-| lished in this paper. A letter from Capt. von Papen, military attache of the German em bassy. addressed to his wife and de scribing the stealing of a portfolio from Heinrich Albert, commercial at tache of the German embassy at Washington. on an elevated railroad train in New York. said: "You can imagine the sensation among the Americans. Unfortunate ly some very important things from my report were among them, such as the buying of liquid chlorine, and about the Bridgeport Projectilc Com pany. as well as documents regarding the buying up of phenol, from which explosives are made, and the acquisi tion of Wright's aeroplane patent. "But things like that must occur. It seems (quite likely we will meet again soon. The sinking of the Adri atic (sic)4 may well be the last straw. I hope in our interests the danger will blow over. How splendid on the eastern front. -- always say to the idiot Yankees that they had. hetter hold their j tongues. It is better to look at all their heroism with full admiration. M friends in the army are quite dif ferent in this way."s Itu'.s Have 70,000 Prisoners. s Petrograd says: Seventy thousand t prisoners of war taken by the Rus- f 4ans on the front south of Polesie, n in the last days of August and the t egining of September have been f registered.f .Jap JTournalists Comning. b Rpresent::tive Japanese journal- a sts sailed for San Francisco from 'okio Saturday. Their trip will be or the purpose of studying condi- 4 ions in the United States. IEWS. Of THE WAR CATTERED ITEMS GATIIERED ABOUT WORLD CONFLICT IIG NEIS IN SHORT SPACE ateresting Pointers About thp Signi can Things Which Oftentimes Es cape Attention-War Goes on in Many Fields of Activity-What the I The Petrograd correspondent of .he Daily Telegraph, in an article de cribing political conditions in Russia ,t the present time, says that until tussia's domestic problem is "solved ne way or another," it will exceed a popular interest any other aspect f the war. Members of the cabinet nd of the duma are said by the same iriter to- be in conference over this roblem. * * The British government has placed ts first order for guns with Cana ian manufacturers, the number in olved being said to amount to $65, 00,000. The order will be augment d from time to time if the Canadian ;uns reach the efficiency standard set y the British goiernment. Owing o certain formalities, the manufac ure of the guns can not begin at nce, but the factories expect to start n the work within a month. Six large American locomotives iound for Russia were recently put ;board the Takcuyama Maru, one of he new Japanese freight ships lying t the Bush Terminal in Brooklyn. 7he task of shipping was aided by ;ending the locomotives in pieces. 7hree of the big boilers will be put in he steamer's hold and the others ashed to the decks and covered with arpaulin. * * -Rumors of British warships oper tting off our. coast. were confirmed f ew days ago when the British steam ,r Saint Ronald, from Yokohama and ingapore via the Suez Canal, arrived n New York and reported having >een hailed by 'a British cruiser of he "county", class, such as the Essex >r Suffold, about twenty-five miles -ast of the Fire Island lightship. The Frankfurter Zeitung publishes L eulogy of the "thoroughly polite nd conciliatory language" in which t says the American: government 'does not demand, but requests" Am >assador Dumba's recall. Readers of he paper are informed that* "things ike this happen far more frequently :han people imagine," and only in :ime ui war acquire public impor :ance. Egypt apparently intends to ex and the cott'on industry, as the ,ouncil of Ministers has removed the rohibition against growers devoting nore than one-third of their acreage :o this crop, according to a dispatcb rom Cairo. Americans in London are taking :he precaution of insuring against reppelin raids. Neither the United tates Embassy nor the Consulate jeneral are insured, but that is the 'ault of the officials rather than that >f the insurance agents, who have been most assiduous lately in offering :o write policies for both - places. Some time ago Ambassador Page had 2is residence insured to protect its >wners against loss. A cable dispatch to London credits :he Czar of Russia with having order Id an amnesty for all political pris aners. The report comes from Rome mad gives the number of persons af 'ected as about 100,000. * * Persia is said to be once more in a ;tate of anarchy by a writer in a .,ondon paper, who asserts the sole rganized military force possessed by :he Persian state has been defeated .n a series of engagements. with the :ribesmen. The mob is in revolt at [spahan, where the German influence s now described as supreme. Crown Princ.e Humbert of Italy has tust returned from the front, where ie has been enthusiastically received ,y the Italian soldiers. As he passed bhrough Venice in company with his utor, Captain Bonaldi, he was warm y acclaimed by the populace. * * Reports of a frontier skirmish be :ween Greek and Bulgarian patrols iear Fatorna have been officially ~onfirmed and an investigation order Id. . The Berlin Vorwarts reports that >wing to some cases of typhus fever iaving been discovered ~in the west arn district of Berlin, the police have >rdered the public to abstain from .he use of unboiled milk. * * A warrant charging one of the >rincipal French ship-owners with de 'rauding the state has been issued ipon complaint of the minister of narine. The man accused is alleged o have obtained $30,000 mnore than heir real value on each of several 'essels requisitioned by the govern nent. The money was obtained by he use of false valuation certificates. * *. The entire membership of the louse or Representatives of the Fed 'ral Parliament, the legislative body if the Commonwealth of Australia, ~as pledged itself never again to pur hase German goods. A dispatch to the Exchange Tele raph Company in London from sucharest, Roumania, says that the .eague for the Liberation of Bes arabia is opening an active cam >aign throughout Roumania, with he obiect of "awakening the instinct f national preservation." * * A Paris newspapel- published an aterview with King Alfonso of Spain. a which the monarch is quoted as aying that the war has caused him o abandon plans for a visit to Amer ca. "After the war is over." says Lfonso in the interview', "the na ions will arm more than ever. When ne sees a country like Bielgium. neu ralized by agreement of all nations, ventually finding no other defense han her own armed forces, it is easy :> understand that other countries. ig and little, realize that to exist it sindispensable to work in times of eace. Even the pacifists will recog ize after this war that while the in tinets of human nature remain un- 1 jodified, there are no better safe uards for right in internationalC uestions than foresight and trength." The Swiss government is ecnsider ig the advisability of calling addi onal troops to the colors, to safe uard the northwestern frontier, as a irther concentration of belligerent oops near certain portions of the wiss boundary seems to threaten the ational integrity. The French monoplanist E. X. De- g ars has equalled the world's alti- c ide record of 21.598 feet, estab- v shord by the Garman avintnr, Otto I DURTEEN CENT COTTON SEEN BY HOKE SMITH eorgia Senator Thinks German and S English Buyers -are in the Market for Staple. Nothing short of forteen cent cot 2n is expected by Senator Hoke mith, following cablegrams received y him from Berlin that German rms which recently offered to buy a tillion bales of American cotton had I eposited securities with the Ameri an consulate in Berlin to cover the urchase price and guaranteeing that ie cotton will not be put to military r naval purposes. As it costs two cents to deliver cot )n in Berlin this makes the price of Bred equivalent to fourteen cents in fte United States. The view enter ained by Senator Smith is that Ger ian cotton buyers in anticipation of his government winning- in her pro st against absolute embargo against otton as contraband are willing. to 0 uy in this country, believing that otton can be delivered in the spring rhen embargo obstacles have been I emoved. Great Britain is now buying heavi y in this country. Fore some time here have been evidences that Ger- d any was buying cotton in this coun- v ry and many in high official circles C saintain that her activities have been e he lement that has gradually in- g reased and steadily maintained the I igh price of cotton. t t J. S. RENEWS REQUEST THAT DUMBA MUST BE RECALLED Lmbassador Penfield Notifies Vienna t That "Leave of Absence" is Not Satisfactory. Ambassador Penfield at Vienna has t >een instructed to make clear to the I kustri.n government informally that t he United States must insist on the -ecall of Dr. Dumba, the American Lmbassador here and that his depar ure "on leave of absence" would not e satisfactory. From messages exchanged between kmbassador Penfield and the state lepartment it is apparent that the I %.ustrian government misunderstood he desires of the United States. It was intimated at first to Ambassador enfield that the Austrian govern nent might recall Dr. Dumba on eave of absence and might desire safe conduct for him. Instructions sent to. Mr. Penfield iere not disclosed but he has. been dvised to make it clear that Dr. )umba's usefulness as the Austrian Lmbassador to the United States has :eased and if merely given "leave of bsence" he would nevertheless still ,emain accredited. The right of a government to de nand the recall of an ambassador be ause of his personal actions is un uestioned. LOOKS LIKE TEUTON DASH THROUl BALKAN STATES Bombardment of Serbian Border Taken to Indicate Long Look ed for Attack. Official reports from Austrian and erman headquarters and .dispatches1 ~rom the Balkan capitals show that he long expected Teuton campaign gainst Serbia has begun. Austrian. mnd German artillery to-day is bom barding Serbian positions south of he river frontier at various points1 long the one-hundred-mile front. rom the mouths of the Drina and Morava rivers. "This action undoubtedly is intend ed as a cover to the throwing of a ~orce across the river and the seizure f 'a bridgehead whence the new 'steam roller" can be started. Just] where a crossing will be attempted is Imknown. .1 The shortest . route to Bulgariaj would lead through' the northeastern :orner of Serbia, where barely thirty] iles of Serbian territory intervenes between the Bulgarian and Hunga rian borders. The difficult moun ~ainous country, the absence of rail roads and the proximity of the Rou-] nanian frontier, however; speak in ~avor of the old route of the crusad-1 mrs farther to the west, throughouti he broad and fertile Morava valley. rhrough this valley run roads and a ailway line to Bulgaria and Turkey. Ehis railway reaches the Danube at1 wo points--Belgrade and Semendria, -both of which are under bombard net. MliP MAY hAVE TO REMOVE GUN TO LEAVE OUR PORT [evelopment of Submarine Warfare Causes Change on Government Small Gun Attitude. State department officials still are ~onferring with attaches of the Brit- t sh embassy regarding the merchant t hip Waiamana detained at Newport ews for several weeks by order ofI he government when she put into t ort from Australia with a four-inch ;un mounted on her stern. The ship was held up because of I he probability that the United States 4 ould revise rules governing carry-C ng of the defense guns on merchant I hips of belligerents in view of the C evelopment of submarine warfare. When rules were laid down by this ~overnment permitting merchant I hips to carry small defense guns to I nter and leave American ports, the I ubmarine warfare had not develop d. It now is apparent that small de-I ense guns such as merchant ships. arry can destroy submarines. It was stated that the British gov rnment may decide to remove the ;un from the Waiamana and noti aise an issue at this time. If thei ;n is removed the Waiamana woulds >e cleared. Should this occur it wast xplained at the state department, iti rould not influence deliberations ow in progress which will result int hanging the regulations regarding c he armament of belligerent mer- t hant ships. GERMAN REPORTS REVISED i ritish (abinet and Admiralty En dorse Strict Censorship. s Sir John Simon, the British Home g ecretary, replying in the House of ommons to criticisms of the censor- si hip. said that Germany had sought use the Press Bureau as a medium yr advertising the G;erman govern- ir tent in every neutral country, but t mis mission he had refused to per- g rm. He added that the necessity fi r censoring certain parts of the ti .erman official communications had s een confirmed both by the cabinet n. nd the admiralty. The British steamship Chancellor. 33 .586 tons, has been sunk Friday. ti art of her cew has been saved. li -innekogel, in a flight in an aero lane at Johannisthal in July, 1914. * Q Figures made public by the Bureau >f Foreign and Domestic Commerce .t Washington show that shipments rom American ports in July of vari us war supplies totalled nearly $50, 00,000. Explosives, including shells nd other ammunitions, showed an ncrease from $5,911,929 in June to 9,329,303. Automobiles constitut d the only item to show a marked ecrease. * * The Ministry of Finance of France tas excepted bottled champagne from he decree prohibiting the export of 7rench wines. German champagne roperties in Fraace will not be al owed to share in the export privi ege. Their stocks have been seques ered. * * In honor of Captain Otto Weddi en, who commanded the Ge:mar ;ubmarine U-9 when she sank three British cruisers and who later lost iis life in command of the U-29, a nemorial modeled after a submarine ill be erected at Kiel, Germany. It ill be built o( wood, into which nailF f iron. silver, and gold will be ham nered until the model is covered with hem. The proceeds from the sale o! the nails will be used for the relief Af the distressed in East Prussia. * * Western news dispatches tell o! the signing of a contract between capitalists of Cleveland and Canton. Ohio, and the' Russian government for the supply of 3,000,000 rifles The price is said to be $80,000,000 and the details of the. matter were completed in New York. * * Many residents of London have written to the newspapers reporting that they have heard gunshots at various times. Investigation has re vealed in these cases that the nearest war operations were sixty,:seventy, and eyen ninety -miles distant.- A London physician offers the explana tion that what these people reall; hear is the beating of their hearts. 9** .Figures given out at Berlin foi railroad traffic during July,. 1915 show that the transportation of mer chandise on German railroads waw 2.8 per cent. greater than that for the same month of the preceding year, and set a new record. Of the total,. 7.39 per cent. represented goods for the army. Dr. Frldtjof Nansen, the Norwe gian explorer, has published a book advocating that Norway arm herself strongly for defensive purposes be fore it is too late. FOUR MEXICANS ILLED Border Fighting Causes Intense Rack Feeling Along Rio Grande. Bitter race feeling along the bor. der as a result of the battle Friday between Ameican soldiers and Mexi can raiders probably was responsible for the death of four Mexicans whose bodies were found Saturday night in the Mesuite brush near San Benitc by Texas Rangers. Military authorities at Brownsville believe the four 'Mexicans were mur dered by indignant settlers living or a ranch near San Benito. The eleven American soldiers wh were reported as missing Friday r.fte the battle at Progreso have been ac counted for with the exception o Private -Richard J.~ Johnson of Trooi B, Twelfth cavalry. His home was at Mount Morris, N. Y. Officials fear he was killed. The Umpire. (Suggested by the Burne-Jones painting of an umpire stand-ing ovel a player who has just slid over the home plate with the winning run, and calling him out.) A fan there was and he made thiE prayer (Even as you and I) Only to murder that robber there We called him the umpire who did not care But the fan-Wow! Didn't he rave and swear! . (Even as you and I) Oh, the hits we made, an'1 t"e way we played, And the work of our infield band All spoiled by an umpire who did no' know ('Twas the wildest kind of a rotter throw) And did not understand.. A fan there was, and his goods he spent (Even as you and I) For a sun-baked, uncushioned, twen ty-five cent Little bleacher seat; but, at that, it meant Seeing a ball game, and so he went (Even as you and I) Oh, the game we lost, and the fame we lost. And the way those fellows fanned: But alas for an umpire who can no& state When a player's safe on the old home plate And can not understand. The fnn yelled, :"Slide, you rabbit slide!'' (Even as you and I) There were two men out, and the score was tied, And the throw from center field went wide An owl could have seen it, if he had tried (Even as you and I) And it isn't defeat or the being beat 'hat stinigs like a red-hot brand, But it's being robbed by a man like that, NVho never did know where he was at and could not understand. -N. N. B. Accepts Ceded Territory. Sofia, via London, Wednesday: The Bulgarian government announce( Wednesday night that the territory eded by Turkey along the line of :he Dedeaghatch railroad would be ccupied on October 6. The officia' ransfer will occur on October 11. 'hen the Bulgarian administration eill be installed. Serbia Declares War Zone. Berlin reports: "It is reported *rom the Balkans.'' says the Overseas Cews Agency. "'that the Serbian gov ~rnment has declared the Serbo-Bul ~arian frontier district a war zone." t is also reported that Bulgarian roops are concentrated, near the Ser >an frontier and that German and \ustro-H ungarian troops have beer -oncentrated along the Serbian bor More U. S. Troops Killed. Mexicans attacked a detachment of tmerican soldiers at Progresso and tave killed Private Stubblefield, ac ording to a Brownsville dispatch.1 'riday. 1. S. Consulate Damaged. During the French raid on Stutt art. Germany. Thursday the building ccupied by the American consulates PAR SWEPT LONDON JOMBS DESTROY WAREHIOUSE IN HEART OF LONDON UR ATTACK CONFIRMED tory of Passengers Arriving in New York are That Huge Airships Cir cled Over Business District and Rains Down Incendiary Explo sives.' A handful of persons from the mil ions who saw the first Zeppelin raid 3ver-the heart of London on the night f September 9 reached New York iboard the stezmer Orduna,: with thrilling stories of the .fight in the sky between the invaders and British ircraft. There were said to have been three Zeppelins in the fleet, although those who told the story to-day had seen only one. They circled over the tft itre and hotel district of London, dropping explosive - and incendiary bombs. One of the latter,,it was said, destroyed by fire an entire block of varehouses within five minutes walk 3f St. - Pairl's church. An explosive bomb ripped through'a six-story iten ament in the centre of the. city, shat tering the building from top to bot tom and killing a dozen or more men, men and children as they slept. Several bombs, according to the eye-witness, fell near three hospi tals in a clusteC, the central one of which was the Opthalmic hospital, full of wounded soldiers. All three buildings were rocked to their foun-.. - lations and not a pane of glass was 'eft intact. The patients had to -be moved' into the streets,.where they 'ay for hours, on their cots, while the damage was-repaired. Pieced together from. accounts -iven by the Orduna's passengers, the. story of the air raid was as follows: "The raid occurred between 1.0.5 ind 11 15 o'crock on the night -of 3eptember 9, -a, raid the .previous night having reached the eastern sec tion of the city, but not he heart. Persons asleep in the Metropole, the Victoria and other hotels-were awak 3ned by the incessant -whirr of-aero ?lane engines as the BI-itish air fleet took wing to repel the invaders..Just is the -Zeppelins .appeared over- the strand, most of the theatres were ,ouring their crowds into the street. "According to some a panic im pended when the -first word of the rpproaching aircraft was passed from mouth to mouth, The lights -were turneld off and men and- women in, avening clothes fought for taxicabs iad other vehicles to take them home. . Others srAd thero was ,.no ?anic, but that a great wave of fear._ seemed to engulf this section of the darkened city before the anti-aircraft guns began to pop. "Suddenly, from every section of' r.jondon, the sky -was swept by long white beams from scores- of search lights. The tops of these beams were iot long in resting :upon what they sought. When the Zeppelin was found 3 dozen or more.searchlights focused their rays upon it, stretching back to.scattered points in the city like the long white ribs ot a fancy fan. "Two searchlights finally centred on a Zeppelin while the others con tinued to search the sky. Already the ir was dottcd with aeroplanes which tould be seen freqi~ently as they .:rossed the scarchlight beams, cir 'ling upward. -*The roar of gung fro~n 'le city was unctuated at intervals by the- explosion of bombs which fell 'n' Newgate street, not was from St. Paul's -Cathedral in Holborn, in 'heap Side, in Bloomfld street,' near the Liverpool street station and near ~he water front, in that section in. which St. Paul's is located. "The Zoppelin seemed to float lazi ly above us,'' said Miss A. S. Tatham, f Sydney, Australia, who was stay ng at the Victorias hctel, near Charin Croos. "It reminded me of nothing so much as a great, long sausage." -- "My wife r.nd I watched t'he Zeppe lin from a balcony of otr hotel, the Metropole,'' saic Alexander McNab, of Bridgeport, Con~n. "It went directly aver the hotel and d-:opped bombs around uc." There was hardly a space of five ieconds during the ten minutes or nlore that the searchlight bcams rest ad on the raider, eye-witnesses said, :hat the sky was not brightened by lashes of exjloding shells. 'As the -loise of cannonading . grew louder those who had fled to cellars came - nto the streets. Thousands walked he streets or stood in groups, gazing tpward, dressed only in their night ~lothes... The bursting shecls lighting the ;ky like meteors, shattered into sud len fire all around the Zeppelin. The ;pits of flame seemed to be finding .heir target. Meantime the 2eppelin 'nanoeuvered over tlie Holborn sec ion, circling at least twice. These 'nagoeuvers ended when a shell burst ilmost directly under the aircraft's bow. A swerve, a sudden dip and the ;earchlights lost the Zeppelin. Then they were on her a moment after and it was seen that she appeared to be going down by the head. For a few seconds she hovered as if uncertain what to do, then righted herself, ',ointed her nose slightly upward and ascended so rapidly that within a minute or two the searchlights could not find her. There were no more omb explosions thereafter. Back to the cathedral, where there re many warehouses near the river 'rent, was the first visible effect of the raid. An entire block was in shes with only the smudged shells of buildings standing. The burned build ngs had bee':. big warehouses filled with clothing and other supplies -for the army. There were no munitions ~n the buildings, however, it was said. At the Opthalmic hospital they ound that considerable damage had been done by a bomb which had fal len about a block away. This build ing and two others converted into ospitals for wounded soldiers, had elt the force of the explosion almost is if it had be n at their doors. In Bloomfield street. two and one alf miles from Trafalgar Square, a -ow of dwellings had been damaged, is if by artillery fire. The damage extended over an area of about three >locks. There was a cavity in the niddle of the street, thirty feet in liamneter and about eight feet deep. At one place, about 15 minutes ride rom the Victoria hotel, a six-story enement had been demolished. The ight-seers heard that five persons md been killed in their beds and that nore than 20 had been hurt. Alto ether. it was unofficially reported .pproxmately 40 persons were killed >y bombs and 200 or more wounded, tout half of these, it was said, were comen and children.. Not a government building, nor hurch, nor arsenal,-nor hospital had een reached by a bomb. the Orduna's assengers w'ere informed. The great st material damage. he said, was the lestruction by fire of the block of Larehouses. Odessa reports: Russian ships have unkt a German submarine, which has een operating recently In the Black