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EIES INTO OFFICE MANNING TAKES OATH BEFORE A VAST ASSEMBLAGE. US TO SPEAK TWICE Buge Crowd on the Outside of Legis lative Hal Waits to Hear Governor Who Talks to Them From Capitol - Steps After Delivering Inaugural Address on Floor of House. Amid the acclamation of thou sands Richard Irvine Manning was Inaugurated governor of South Caro lina Tuesday at noon. The oath of affice.was taken by the new governor in the hall of the House of Repre Sentatives in the presence of the joint session of the Senate and House, -Su preme court justicos, State House of ficials and a tremendous erowd of people, thouands of whom were un able to get even into the lobby of the apitol. Chief Justice Eugene B. Gary, of the State supreme court, ad zifdstered the oath of office to Gov. Manning and immediately thereafter he, delivered his inaugural address. Lieut. Gov. Andrew J. Bethea took v the oath of office after Gov. Manning concluded his address, Chief Justice Gary administering the oath to him. The .largest crowd which has at - tended an inaugural in Columbia in years witnessed the induction of Gov. Manning into office. All night Mon day night and early Tuesday morning the people poured into Columbia'on spegial and regular trains, and long before the hour for the inaugural the hall of the House of Representatives. where the exercises w-a to be held. was packed. Plans to L Gov. Man ning deliver his inaugural address from the steps of the capitol had to be abandoned, owing to the disagree -able cold day. Gov. Manning arose from. a sick bed to take the oath of offlice, and friends would not hear to him risking the cold wind, however much it was regretted that it was necessary. However, owing to the inability of thousands to hear the address of Gov. Xalnning, after the exercises in the hall of the House, addressed the mul titude from the capitol steps. A %mighty shout went up as he followed ais escorts through solid lines of humanity from the House to the capi t61 steps, and -his few remarks were timultously cheered. Gov. Manning thanked the people for their reception and asked them to help him put be dnd all of the factional bitterness and strife and to march onward, lift -ng -South Carolina ever higher and upward. He touched the hearts of hisauditors for they broke into thun 1erous applause, while cries of "Hur rah for Manning" rent the air from -thousands of lusty throats. mmediately after 'his short speech ' renthe capitol steps Gov. Manning held areception in the library of the State House and thousands filed by -and shook bis hands and wished him 2 God-speed" in his task of adminis ering the laws of South Carolina for ' the next two days. He was tired but ppy when the multitude had all Al < edby, and his face was constantly reathes in emiles at the good fellow ahi and the earnes'ness with which the people rejfoiced at his accession 'to the governorship. - It was exactly 11:55 o'clock when KSpaker James A. Hoyt dropped his 'gavel sad called the House to order. Aia-the clock on the city hall rang out :tha hour of noon Sergeant-at-Arms W11on announced that the Senate uas in the lobby and the House arose wiie the senators filed in and took JWheill seats. Walkin at the head of -the senators was President Pro Tern Walker, with United States Senator J)..Smith 4n his right hand. Sen Kaif~tor Walker ascended the speaker's -stand and took charge of the joint aembly and' Senator Smith occu *ped a seat with the senators. .The House galleries were packed and jammed long before noon, and aU of the available space 'on the floor ofthe House was utilized, but thou sands of people continued to jam into the lobby of the State House, the -space way over to the Senate being crammed closely. The jam continued on the piazza of the capitol and down th'e orth steps almost to the foot of the Confederate monument, and each ,minute, as the hour of noon grew nearer, hundreds more joined the 7 aiting throngs and tried to get in to - i ee the ceremonies. The sergeant at-erms and tjie doorkeepers had a heneulean task in holding back the crowd, and severa~l times the crowd flowed over the outer doorkeeper, only to be halted and turned back at \the inner door. The wife and family 'of the gover nor-elect arrived and were given seats ~occupied by the Richland delegation ~'n.. the floor of the House. At five minutes sLfter 12 o',clock the sergeant at-ar:ms of the House announced that the governor and lieutenant governor elect, -with their escorts, were at the door. President Walker called the joint assembly to terfeet and as Gor.-elect Manning appeared at the door of the House on the arm of -Chairman George W. Dick, of the .ways and means committee, a cheer broke. out, which -swept over the crowded *foor and through the gal 1 eries, and was taken up and re echoed by the thousands who filled the lobby and- stood outside on the north steps of the capitol. The new governor walked down - the aisle to t.he speaker's stand to continued cheering, which would ever and anon break'out with renewed volume. First- came Gov-elect Manning, es corted by Representative George W. --Dick, followed by Gov. Charles A. Smith, escorted by Senator Laney, and i-ight behind them Lieut. Gov. elect Andrew 3. Bethea, escorted by Senator R. D. Epps. Then Chief Jus. -tice Eugene Bi. Gary, with Senator Sinkler; Associate Justice Hydrick, with Representative Liles; Associate Justice Watts, with Representative *Robinson; Associate Justices Gage and Fraser, Circuit Judge John S. Wilson, the Rev, Arthur R. Berkeley and the State House officials, walking two and two. President Walker rap pod for order and Introduced the Rev. Arthur R. Berkel -y, rector of the Church of the Holy Communias, of Phfladelphia, Pa.. and a son-in -law of Gov. Manning, who invoked the Divine blessing on the day's exer cises. President Walker announced that the governor-elect was present and ready to qualify. In an impressive manner Chief Justice Gary adminis tered the oath of office to the new governor, the governor's repeating of the oath being in a clear and calm voice, audible in all parts of the crowded chamber. At its conclusion another great cheer went up. and it was several minutes before the gov ernor could begin his inaugural ad dress. so great was the applause and cheers. By this time the crowd had pushed half-way up the main aisle, so eager were the efforts of those jammed in the lobby to see. Sergeant-at-Arms J. Fred Schumpert, of the Senate. held the crowd in check, while the governor began his speech. Twice the speech was interrupted by efforts o* those in the rear to push into the< hanl an finally President Walkeri yrdered the inside door closed, which :hecked the disorder, and Gov. Man sing proceeded with his remarks. The tone of the inaugural and the keynote of constructive legislation, which the new governor struck, met ( with the warm approval of the peo ple. who listened closely at every word and outburst of applause would force Gov. Manning. to suspend for several minutes. Especially did his recommendation for compulsory edu cation with local option feature, in crease of child labor age limit to 14 years. Working Men's Compensation Act, land registration. tax commis- I sion, meet with hearty responses. When Gov. Manning paid a tribute to the last Democratic state convention and the good work they did in order ing a personal enrolment of voters tremendous cheers burst out. His recommendation for liberal support of the National Guard, which, he said, must be made effective and efficient, drew more cheers. His declaration z that he intended to enforce the laws started what was little less than an 1 ovation and his appeal to the people and the legislators to help him in his task of getting away from factional- t ism and bitterness drew further ap plause. Just as Gov. Manning was con cluding his inaugural address the sun f broke through the clouds and lit up 1 the hall of the House and stione with I full vigor on the man who will hold i the reigns of government for the next I two years in South Carolina, adding , nature's smile to the rejoicing of a I people at the installation of Richard i I. Manning in the office of Chief Mag istrate and making an auspicious be ginning for his administration. Another ovation was given Gov. I Manning when he concluded. Chief Justice Gary then adminis- 1 tered the oath of office to Lieut. Gov. 1 Bethea and he took charge of the i joint assembly. The lieutenant gov- 1 ernor thanked the people for the i warm-hearted reception, cheers hav ing greeted his induction into office. He pledged himself anew to the ser vice of the people and was given a rousing cheer. Gov. Manning was escorted to the capitol steps, where, after a brief speech to the assembled thouscnds, he went to the library. and shook hands with several thousand. The joint assembly was then dissolved, the Senate returning to its chamber. Gov.- Manning took charge of the chief executive's office and was greet ed by scores of Triends. who pressed in to shake his hand and to offer congratulations. Telegrams of con gratulations arrived from friends in various parts of the State and the new governor was kept busy respond ing to the congratulatory messages. STRIKERS SHOT DOWN. fold up Railroad Train and Battle Ensues When Guards Arrive. Fourteen min were shot, four of them being mortally wounded, in a pitched battle Tuesday between 250 striking laborers and 50 deputy sher iffs at the plant of the American Agricultural Chemical company at Roosevelt, N. J. The fight occurred when the strik ers stopped a Central railroad of New Jersey. train from Elizabethport to see if the train brought strike-break ers to the plant. There were no strike-breakers aboard; but a few of ficer employees who were passengers started an outcry, apparentrf believ ing that the strikers intended harm to them. In answer to the call, fifty armed deputies ran to the scene from the company's plant and a general en counter' between them and the strik ers followed. At first only stones were -used. Then some one fired a shot. Thiat was the signal for a fusillade, which apparently came from both sides. None of the deputies were injured, but many of the strikers were struck. The strikers dispersed, carrying away their wounded. HfEL D UP BY BRITISH. Ambassador Gerard Recounts State ment by American Captain. Ambasador Gerard cabled the state department Tuesday the substance of a statement made to him by Captain Farley of the American- steamer Greenbrier; which arrived at Bremen a few days ago with cotton from New Orleans, after a series of detentions notwithstanding assurances by Great Britain that shipments of cotton in American vessels would not be mo lested. Officials did not disclose the details of Capta-in Farley's statement, but it is said he charged that after examin lng the Greenbrier's papers, a British 'rize crew ordered the Ameican flag hauled down and conveyed the ship into -Kirkwall, a British port. Captain Farley refused to na. igate the ship while the British flag vu s at her mast, and claimed thet, through incompetent navigation by the Brit ish, three booms were swept away. He was ordered to take the ship to Leith from Kirkwall. He did so after raising the Americazi flag and later was able to proceed to Germany, af ter a delay of three days. HEARS NO COMPLAINTS. Officials Wonder Whether Great Brit ain Has Changed Policy. Since the dispatch of President Wilson's note to Great Britain pro testing against British treatment of( neutral commerce the state depart ment has received comparatively lit tle information about detentions of American cargoes or ships. t Officials said Tuesday they did not i know whether there had been a change in the policy of the British I fleet or whether American ship-own ers were withholding their complaintsi on the theory that negotiations on the general subjiect soon would result in a definite statement of England's po- I sition. The hope was expressed that the latter was, not the case, for thec department's chief source of informa tion as to detentions has been the yes- s sel-owners. Kills Wife and Suicides. Wallace McMurray, a mulatto. of C Lexington, killed his wife Monday ~ m~rning with a shotgun and then placed the gun under his chin and blew his head off.r Sailors Come From Argentine. I One thousand men and 86 officers >f the Argentine navy arrived in Philadelphia Mp ay to take com unand of the ti dreadnought Mo eno, built for that country at a cost F f $11,000,000.a Man Killed Cursing Visitor.t Milton Trotti, of Barnwell, wass hot and killed Saturday night by y~ Renry Porter. who it is alleged. b laims that Trotti came to his house t ~ursing and threatening. e; Kills Daughter and Himself. Frank R. Johnston, a prominent ~itizen of Springfield. Tenn.. killed o tis daughter and then shot himself w ate MIonday afternoon. cc ai Birthday of Lee Observed. e: The birthday of Pobert E. Lee was bserved with appropriate ceremonies er n many towns of the State. ii11 AIRCRAFT MAKE RAID ZEPPELINS DROP BOMBS UPON ENGLISH CITIES. In Cloudy Night Raiders Escape But London Reports Fall of One on British Soil. London reports: "German aircraft made their long threatened raid in England Tuesday night and attempt ed to blow up with bombs the king's royal residence in Sandringham, County Norfolk. "It is not definitely known wheth er the raiders were Zeppelins or aero planes, but Zeppelins were reported Monday as passing over the North Sea in a westerly direction and some believe there were the raiders. "The night was cloudy, which 'made it impossible for the people in the town over which the raiders passed to distinguish even the outlines of the aircraft, though the whirr of their propellors and the droning of their motors could be heard. "Bombs were dropped in Yar mouth, -Kings Lynn, Sandringham, Cromer. Sherringham and Beeston. Everywhere except at Beeston, cas ualties and damage to property re sulted." Yarmouth reports: "A hostile air craft passed over Yarmouth at 8:30 o'clock Tuesday night and dropped several bombs. Considerable damage to property resulted, and ther.e was loss of life. "One man is reported to have had his head blown off. One bomb fell in Norfolk Square, close to the sea front, and another on the south quay. A third struck the York Road drill hall, fragments of the shell crashing through the glass roof of the billiard room at the headquarters of the na tional reserve. A fourth missile fell near the Trinity depot. "Great excitement ensued and spe cial constables, the police and the military were called out to calm the people, who streamed out of their homes. The e7ectric supply was cut off Immediately, and the town was plunged in darkness. "The whirring of the propellors first attracted attention to the air craft. Then came the explosions and the sound of breaking glass. The first bomb fell near the recruiting ground, and the others near the drill hall. In all, five bombs were thrown. After the attacks the aircraft sailed in a southwesterly direction." Kings Lynn reports: "It was at 10:45 o'clock when the loud whirr of a. Zeppelin approaching Kings Lynn was heard: "Reaching Kings Lynn, the aerial visitor circled unseen over the town and dropped four bombs, which ex ploded with terrific detonations. "Great flashes of light accompanied the explosions. One bomb exploded near the docks, throwing splinters from its shell into the market places. Another started a fire. "After hovering over the town for fifteen minutes the Zeppelin appear ed to continue its journey along the borders of The Wash." London reports: "Three German airships passed over the Island of Ameland, in the North Sea, at 2:30 Tuesday afternoon, according to tele grams from Nes, the principal town of the island. They were filing in a westerly direction. "A Zeppelin has been brought down at Hunstanton, by the fire of a warship, a few miles north of Sand rngham, according to a dispatch from Kings Lynn to the Central News. "At Sherringham a bomb dropped in Wyndham street and went through a house, but did not explode. The fuse b came detached. A bomb drop ped at Beeston, but did no damage. The bombs measured nearly four inches in diameter." REPORT ON FOREIGN TRA.DE. United States Suffers Slight Falling Off for 1914. Only slight decreases in foreign trade transactions of the United States are shown for the year 1914, despite demoralization in the early stage of the war. That the falling off in total was not greater is attributed largely to increased exports to meet Europe's extraordinary demand for foodstuffs and other supplies since merchant fleets have resumed opera tions. A summary of trade movements in 1914, issued by the department of commerce Tuesday night, showed that exports were $2,114,257,539. as compared with $2,484,018,292 In 1913, and iinports $1,789,022,426, against $1,792,596,480 in 1913. The department also announced that during the month of December last a favorable trade balance of $131,863,077 was achieved by the United States. Exports in December totalled $246,266,047, and imports $114,402,970. against $194,711,170 and $138,080,520, respectively, in November. ENGLAND REFUSES. Says the Dacia Has Not Her Consent to Make First Trip. The British government will not consent to allow the steamer Dacia, recently transferred from German to American registry, to proceed to Rot terdam under safe conduct with her cargo of cotton, the state department was notified Tuesday from London. The British reply to suggestions for a safe conduct recently made by the state department, came through the American embassy. While the text of the message was withheld, it was known the British objection was bas ed broadly on reluctance to create a precedent which probably would be ollowed by similar purchase in Amer ica of German ships and efforts toI operate them in the former German trade routes. A London dispatch says the case of 1 the Dacia has produced a marked im pression in England. It is generally discussed in the streets and the feel-< ing voiced against the position of the United States concerning the Dacia is much more bitter than that aroused by the American protest against de lays to shipping, as the case of the Dacia is far better understood than the generalities of the note. Shoots Sweetheart in Church. While Miss Hattle Gaunwitz was worshpping in Peoria, Ill.. Sunday, der former sweetheart, Frederich Erdman. entered a side door and )pened fire. probably fatally wound .ng her. He later suicided at his iome. France Loses Dreadnought. C Berlin reports that the French readnought Courber was hit by theC ~ustrian submarine No. 1 2. It is 'laimed that the Courber sank. Gives Up His Office. Count Berchtold, the Austrian ~ rie minister, who disp,.tched that roverment's ultimatumn to Servia. - as resigned. Baron Rajecz, a Hun ;arian, succeeds him to his office. r raria will join the .Allies, but there is 'othing more definite relative to this urn of affairs than there was a fort-3 WAR STILL QUIET ,ER3LANS GAIN AND LOSE FROM THE FRENCH. 01HING DOING IN EAST leports From the Warring Capital Tell of Inactivity, Although Artil lery Conflicts Take Place-Ger mans Admit French Gain Around St. Mihiel. Paris reports: "A French eye-wit tess with official authority gives some dea of the nature of fighting that has >een going on in the west. He de cribes the fighting near Soissons 10 layr ago as resulting favorably for he Allies, but later the waters of the tisne, swollen by the heavy storms, ame over the banks, washed bri ;ades away and prevented the Allies rom sending reinforcements to points where the French troops were being iard pressed by the Germans. This esulted in a retirement of something ike a mile and the establishments of . strong front in a good strategic yosition on the right bank of the iver." Lendon reports: "Heavy snowfalls n France and in Flanders have con ined fighting almost to artillery en agements." Berlin reports on Monday: "In :be neighborhcod of Nieuport Sunday :here were artillery duels, but noth ng else. No attacking movements iave been undertaken by the enemy n the last few days. "British mines have been washed shore at several places on the coast. "At La Boisselle, northeast of Al ert, our troops, who again had es ablished themselves in the church Fard of La Boisselle and in the ham let to the southwest, attacked the French with bayonet and drove them from their positions. We took pris mners three offices and 10 men. Sev ral French trenches have been cap tured in the Argonne forest. The French detachments occupying them were almost annihilated. "The French attack on our posi tions to the northwest of Pont-a Mousson against a hill which is two kilometers (a mile and one-fifth) south of Velcey, advanced as far as ur trenches. This fighting is still going on." Paris reports: "Following , the blowing up of an ammunition depot caused by the bursting of a shells that part of the village of La Boisselle (about 20 miles northeast of Amlens) occupied by our troops was burned and we were compelled to evacuate it. The evacuated territory was recap tured by us, however, in a vigorous counterattack on the morning of the 18th. "The enemy has bombarded St. Paul, near'Soissons. "In the Champagne region some German aeroplanes have flown over our position They were received by our cannon and machine guns and two of them were brought to the ground inside our lines near Bar-Le Duc. The aeroplanes were only slightly damaged. The four aviators in them were made prisoners.". London reports Tuesday: "Though the British and French press continue to discuss the probability of a fresh German attemp' to break through the French line barring the way to Paris, ~he Germans so far have failed to fol low up their success about Soissons. Their troops are more or less inactive beyond the river Aisne and the only activity shown in that vicinity in the last 24 hours has been the bombard ment of St. Paul. "No one believes, however, that fighting at Soissons is over. Both sides apparently are bringing up re inforcements and some stiff encount ers soon should develop.'' Petrograd reports: "German forces in Central Poland are continuing ef forts to advance west of Warsaw, be tween Sochaczew and Bolimow, and southwest of Warsaw, between Skier niewice and Godzisk, although their left flank is endangered by the ad vance of Russian tr -ops along the right bank of the Vistula west of Plock and the position of their right flank, according to Russian reports, is no lon'ger tenable. The forward movement of the center of the Ger man line has been unsuccessful thus far, having been noted by Russian aeroplanes and checked by artillery. All trenches which the Germans took have been recaptured by the Rus sians. "It is the concensus of military >pinion that the German army must either force its way through the Rus sian line in the center where its present efforts are directed or retreat o the Wartha river which would aean falling back to within about 25 niles of the German frontier. Rus sian movements designed to encircle :he German flanks will make it im ossible, the military men say, for he Germans to maintain, their posi :ions in the center. "The expected co-operation of Aus ran forces from the southward has ailed to materialize. The attempted dvance of th iAustrians east of 'rietrkow and in the Tarnow region n the Dunajec, has been checked ;uccessfully by the Russian artillery. "Along the immediate Warsaw 'ront there has been no material hange in positions recently. In the 'xtreme north the Russians report a teady advance toward east Prussia, tnd in the extreme south they state hey are moving forward successfully n the Carpathians. "Their northern movement has >een retarded near Loetzen by Ger nsan fortifications and the general mpenetrability of the country in the ,fazurian Lake region. In the south, towever, the Russians apparently tave occupied all the Carpathian 'asses and have '.rossed the borders f Transylvania. "So far as can be surmised by Rus ian military critics, the Germans ae no intention of immediately naugurating a wholesale assault hich would precipitate the decisive ontest. Nevertheless they continue leir aggressive movements by scat ering attacks along the whole front. ecently those attacks hafe been di linishing. "The Russian army reported to ave occupied the Carpathian passes said to have emerged into the lains of Hungary 30 miles from the 'ukowina border." London reports: "The German re orts of all the eastern operations re brief, but those of the Russians re more in detail, and it is believed ie Russians again menace East Prus a and Posen. "The Turks, ac ording .to reports. ave been dealt another staggering low after their determined stand in e snow at Kara Organ, in the Cau isus. They are fighting rear-guard tions, but are being pressed back disorder toward Erzerum. "The Turkish garrison at Odrian ile, the partial withdrawal of which as previously reported, has now mpletely withdrawn. according to Athens dispatch, which gives no :planation. "The London papers print a fore Lst appearing in the Paris Figaro at ta Greece Rumania and Bul LAUNCH NEW ARMY [ONDON REPORTS NEW RUSSIAN MOIVEMENT IN FORCE. HINfENHERi 13 READY Germans Are Attacking in Front of Warsaw-Russians Look~ for Ac tivity Near Hungarian Border New Movement of Germans Antici pated From Thorn. Seldom since the beginning of the ::ampaign in the east has the military situation been so uncertain as now. Several independent movements, each with vital consequences are in pro gress simultaneously. London reports: "Starting on their new year, the Russian cavalry ommenced a forward movement in northern Poland on the right bank of the lower Vistula river and have reached the Skrwa river, 40 miles east of the German fortress of Thorn, West Prussia, driving before them a small force of German cavalry and in fantry. "It Is believed that Grand Duke Nicholas intends to use in this region an entirely new army consisting, ac coridng to Petrograd dispatches, of from 8009000 to 1,000,000, men, operating in conjunction with an army advancing in East Prussia. "West of Warsaw large German forces are concentrated but they are gaining little ground and it is thought likely that fighting, which will de velop from the new Russian move ment may temporarily overshadow the previous battle for the Polish cap ital. "It has been suggested that Field Marshal von Hindenberg, held in check along the Bzura and Rawka rivers, is about to initiate a move ment of German troops either from Thorn or East Prussia and that a Russian advance toward the German frontier is intended to forestall that attempt." Petrograd reports "the Russian general staff has reached the opinion that the Germans were preparing for a general aggressive movement west and southwest of Wars.w. Staff of ficers say the opinion is borne out by the fact that the Germans have re moved their sick and wounded from Lodz and Pietrkow into Prussia and havt. changed their aminunition bases. "Furthermore, information has been received of the arrival of large bodies of German troops in northern Hungary, and their distAbution with in striking distance of fortified posi tions covering the northern entrances into Hungary and the principal passes of the Carpathians, now held by the Russians. "That is taken to ind'cate the Ger mans are reinforcing the Austrian troons for a vigorous effort to free northern Hungary and Bukowina from danger of further Russian ad vances. The lull about Warsaw is regarded as preparatory to the im pneding movement. "The presence of Russian forces in Bukowina and along the River Duna jec, southeast of Cracow, not only would facilitate co-operation by Rou mania with Russi -, if she were dis posed to enter the war, but also threatens German Silesia." London reports Gen. von Hinden berg's troops are now occupying strongly entrenched positions, how ever, and there' are no indications that they are threatened seriously by the Russian attacks. Petrograd reports: "On the right bank of the lower Vistula we are 'still making successful progress. On Sat urday our advanced parties dislodged the enemy from the village of Budy Sulkowskia. "On. the right bank of the Vistula on Saturday the enemy delivered a series of fierce attacks against our lines in the region of Goumine. The German forces included six regi ments. After seven successive attacks and a desperate.bayonet engagement, the Germans succeeded in capturing only one trench occupied by one of our advanced posts. "In the other sections we repulsed the enemy and forced them to fall back on their positions. The Germans supported their attacks with a violent artillery fire, employing heavy guns to search out the position where the attack was to be inaugurated. "At the village of Konopaitza the enemy, having approached by sapping to within about 30 yards of our trenches, was met with a storm of hand grenades, which checked the movement. Some volunteers, avail ing themselves of the confusion thus created, hurried grenades into the tunnel which- the.Germ.ns were forc ed to evacuate." Berlin reports the capture of one of the Russian vantage points north east of the Rawka, we took 500 Rus sian prisoners and became possessed of their machine guns. Vienna reports: On the Dunajec river our artillery is engaging th'e enemy's field and heavy artillery and ias gained more fine successes. London reports: "The Austrians. ike their allies, have brought for ward heavy artillery and are trying to stop the Russian army, which, if it ets across the Dunajec River again, will threaten Cracow. The Russians tave mounted guns on the crests of ~he Carpathians to ward off the Aus ro-German forces reported to have been organized to protect Hungary ~rom invasion, while in Bukowina hey are concentrating for an ad ance into Transylvania. Thus any ustro-German army which advances n Hungary will be open to attack rom both north and east. Petrograd reports: "The district iorth of Rawa was exposed to the fire >f heavy artillery. The Austrians >ombarded also with guns of very arge calibre our Dunajec front, and he station and town of Tarnow expe ienced their fire, but without any ef ective result for the enemy." London reports: "Latest advices n the prospective Austro-German at ack on Servia say that Bavarians nd Prussians are on the way to Bud .pest to join remnants of the four or ke Austrian army corps which suf ered so severely at the Servian's Lands. "The Russians continue to harry he Turks, who made a stand on the lorders of Trans-Caucasia after their ecent defeat, and claim to be cap uring many more prisoners." Petrog-ad reports: "In the region f Kara-Urgan the fighting is devel ping with the advantage resting ith our troops. By a bayonet at ack on Saturday we annihilated the 2nd Turkish regiment. the survivors f which, including the commander nd several officers, were made pris ners. "In one direction, where we were ursuing the defeated Turkish troops. re took more than 5,000 prisoners, ourteen cannon, an enormous quant y of supplies and nearly 10,000 ead of cattle." Teheran, Persia, reports: "The urkish ambassador has notified the ersian government that the porte is eady to evacuate Azerbaijan prov ace as soon as the Russians defi itely miove out of that territory, and fter the heir to the throne reaches abri to amem control. The heir FEEL ANOTHER SHOCK SUNDAY QUAKE BRINGS TERROR TO ITALLNS. Hunger and Cold, With Ripped Roads and Broken Down Bridges, Prevent Relief to Isolated Places. A renewal of seismic disturbances early Sunday added to the terror of residents of parts of the district visit ed by the disastrous earthquake last Wednesday. Although Sundays shocks were light, buildings which had been crack ed and were tottering from the effects of the first disturbance were 'com pletely razed. In Avezzano and Sora, which had suffered most in Wednes day's disaster, the people left the temporary shelters In which they are living and took refuge in open places. Rain and extremely cold weather in some parts of the district are ham. pering rescue work. In many of the towns thrown down by the earth quake it is feared there still are liv ing persons beneath the debris and that unless they are extricated soon they will perish. Last reports increase the aggre gate of casualties and the extent of the damage done Wednesday. In the department of the Abruzzi alone it is estimated that -30,000 persons met death. The government has appropriated $1,000,000 for relief work and King Victor Emmanuel has donated $60, 000 for aid of children abandoned by their parents or made orphans by the disaster. Relief supplies are pouring into -the stricken districts, and it is believed that 'shortly there will be sufficient food suy plies everywhere. Trainloads of timber also are being dispatched to the destroyed towns for the erection of hut3. The Messagero, after a careful computation, announces that - the number of dead and injured in the Abruzzi alone is 30,000, without in cluding the Sora district. San Atolio has 200 dead and 500 injured; Mori no, 1,500 dead; Ce.nistro, 600 injur ed; Cervard, 300 victims; Borjo, 50 dead, and Valleroveto, 1,800. At Civitella Roveto almost the entire population escaped because they were working in the fields when the shock occurred. Frantic appeals f'or help have been received from Petrellaliri, 3,500 feet above sea level on Mount Arango, eight miles from Tagliacozzo. The village was almost destroyed and the survivors are perishing of cold and hunger. In the highway near Ortuechio the earth has opened, causing an im mense pit filled with water. The terrific force of the earth quake cracked- the mountains near Luco. Huge pieces of rock rolled down the hillside, burying cottages, killing cattle and obstructing the roads. Mont Pizzodeta, 6,450 feet high, between Balsorano and Rocca cerro, was cut into two parts by an immense fissare. The latest estimate of the dead, including onl the towns where only a thousand have been killed: Avezzano ..........11,000 Pescina ..............5,000 Sora ................4,000 Massa d'Albe ... ... ... 3,300 Celano *... ... ... ... 3,000 San Benedetto.- ... .... 3,000 Cenchio ...........--...2,450 Mgliano di Mari . .. .. ..1,300 Capelle-....... ........1,200 Pat rno-... ...'... ....1,000 Sourcola ... ....... .....870 San Pelino ............600 Lese ... ... ....... .....450 Lucomarsi..............300 Fratturo ... ....... .....200 Caste11eri ... ....... ....100 POST OFFICE EXAMS. Will be Held Here February 20O Eutawville Affected. An executive order was Issued by the president on May 7, 1913, requir ing competitive examinations by the commission for the position of post master at all fourth class offices at which the annual compensation is $180 or more and at which the In cumbent was not appointed under the civil service regulations. Examina tions under this order have been held for all the states and it is found that there are a number of offices for which no eligibles were secured. For such of these offices as have a com pensation of as much as $500 per an num a second examination has been ordered by a recent executive order and the examinati->ns will be held in the different states on the date and at the places indicated below. *These examinations are open only to persons who reside within the ter ritory of the office at which appoint ment is desired and who meet the other requirements of the regula tions. Applicants may be examined at any of the examination points on the date mentioned in section 4 of this schedule without regard to the location of the office at which ap pointment is desired, but may be ex amined only for one of the offices. No change in the date of examination at any of the examination points can be made, and applicants will be al lowed to be examined only on the date mentioned. Application blanks may be secure " from the secretary of the board of e. aminers or the postmaster at Orange burg or-any office for or at which the examinatian is to be held, or the United States Civil Service Commis sion, Washington, D. C. Applications should be properly executed, the point at which applicant desires to be examined indicated, and the appli cation forwarded to the United States Civil Service Commission, Washing ton, D. C. Persons who, for any reason, are unable to forward their applications to the commission in time to receive written authority to enter the examination will be exams ied. subject to the subsequent ap proval of their applications, if they appear for examination at a place and on the date indlicated in section 4 of this schedule. For location of the examination room apply at the post office at the place where the examina tion is- to be held. The examinations will be held on February 20. 1915, at the following named places in South Carolina: Charleston, Florence, Georgetown, Newberry and Orangeburg. Only the following post offices in South Caro lina are to be filled: Andrews, Chappells, Eutawville. Tardeeville. Navy Yard, Olanta, and Ridgeville. Others Would Buy German Ships. English 'papers say that Greek and Italian firms are also preparing to buy some of the German ships in terned on account of the war. Child Badly Burned. Eugen'ia Gregory. 15 months old. f Chester. was badl; burned Friday when her clothing caught fire while standing before an open grate. is soon to leave for Tabriz. "Turkey's note to Persia is a reply o a Persian ultimatum demanding that Turkish invading forces with draw from Persian territory. Several towns in Azerbaijan. in cluding Tabriz, have been occupied by Ottoman troops in the campaign in orthwestern Persia against the Rus $CDUTS USE PHONE HOW ARMIES GAIN INFORMATION OF COMING ATTACKS. ADOPTED BY BOTH SIDES Scout Hides Fai in Advance of Trencnes in Hidden Caves and as the Enemy Advances to Attack He Telephones to the Trenches Where and When They Will Attack. A dispatch from Berlin says the German army is responsible for an innovation in methods of gaining in formation in the field. This novelty is the so-called "Lauscherposten," a term of which "listening outpost" is the English equivalent. The lauscherposten differ from the ordinary observation station in many respects. The latter mainly are direct artillery fire, althouh naturally, all other data of interest gathered care fully. As a rule these observ.ation stations are so well advanced in the direction of the enemy's line that they become very important in infantry attacks. After the officer in the tree or bush, or hole in the ground, and now ond then in a small, peripatetic straw heaps, has governed the artillery pre liminaries of an action, he will tele phone to headquarte'rs what progress the infantry attacking parties are making, summoning reinforcements when necessary, suggesting changes in the lirection of attack, retarding, arresting, or acclerating the progress of part of the attacking lines, becom ing in fact the general director of the operation. The wide sphere of this pcst may also be looked upon as a development of the European war. The purpose of the "laucherposten" is to gain from the conversation in the trenches whatever informrttion of military value it may hold. Needless to say, this is no easy task. At first a Ger man officer would slip quietly through his own lines at night and seek the shelter of a bush or other natured cover near the trenches of the French or English. He had with him a small telephone instrument and a reel of light wire which he would pay out directly. Very much like '.he old time Indian of the American '-rest and plains he would gain the -cover that had been selected during the day and then would report whatever seemed of value. To understand the conversa tion in the enemy's trenches or out posts, he had to know both French and English thoroughly. In some manner the French and English learned of the scheme, and thereafter cover offering advantages to a "lauscherposten" received espe cial attention. While the sheafs of grein were still feature of the French and Belgian landscape, Ger man observers would conceal them sel7es in them, btat this ruse soon was discovered. Another method then had to be devised. At first it was expensive in both time and effort, but as the adver saries began .to bring their trenches closer and closer together the prob lem of approaching the 'French and English trenches unseen became eas ier. The subterranean passage to the enemy's trenches became shorter and shorter as the di-tance between the trenches decreased. To-day the "listening sentinel" overhears the conversation in the French and Erglish lines without much risk of being detected. He erft ters the tunnel from his own trenches creeps through the narrow passage to where it ends in front of the French trench and takes note of the commands, conversations, and other noises that may Indicate that an at tack on the German~ line is immi nent. Although it is extremely haz ardous to have the necessary opening end in the trench of the enemy, this has been done occasionally. General ly, however, the opening is outside the trench. Information obtained in this man ner Is transmitted to headquarters by telephone. The many disappoint ments which the French and Englis have had in finding that their plans for an attack, especially in night op erations, were known to the Germans were due to the remarkable work o' the "listening sentinels." It Is im possible to marshal the troops for e sortie from a trench without givinr some indication of what Is Intended The "lauscherposten" takes notice of this and acquaints headquarters.. There is no way in which the "lis tening sentinel" may be eliminated Although the terrains in France and' Belgium are small in relation to mil itary manoeuvres on a large scale they are well too spacious to permi' a systematic search for the tunnel of a "lauscherposten." The French and English have not been slow in imitating their enemy For that reason soldiers are forbidder to speak in tie trenches. It Is pos sible, therefore, that sooner or later "lauscherposten" will lose his place in warfare, because nothing can be learned from men who are silent. At no time has the military obser vation system been developed as ii has been in the present war. The "field intelligence se'rvice" Is an in stitution as old as warfare Itself, bu never before has it been employed sc generally and thoroughly. Cavalry scouting and reconnaisance work by infantry are the oldest of the methodi employed. As was expected, the European war has established t: at the aeroplane Is the most efficient means of moderr field intelligence work. Soaring above positions and troops the observers in an aeroplane are able to report the minutest details. - "I'll Show 'Em, Durn 'Em." I've stopped the paper, yes I have. I didn't like to do it, But the editor he got too smart, And I allow he'll rue it. I am a man who pays his debts, And will not be insulted, So when the editor gets smart I want to be consulted. I took the paper 'leven years And help him all I could, sir, But when it come to dunnin' me I didn't think he would, sir. But that he did, and you can bet It made me hot as thunder: I says, "I'll stop that sheet, I will If the doggone thing goes under." I hunted up the editor And fer his cunnin' caper I paid him 'LEVEN years and quit! Yes, sir, I stopped the paper. -N. N. B. Hero of Port Arthur Dead. The death of Lieut. Gen. Anatele ikhalovitch Stoessel, defender 'of Port Arthur, is announced Sundya in a Petrograd dispatch to Reuter's. Gen. Stoessel had suffered from paralysis for several months. Cow Wrecks Fast Train. A Coat Line Limited was wrecked etween Tampa and Jacksonville Sat rday. A cow on the track was hurl- i d against a switch. The impactI >pened the switch and four cars turn- I FOUR NEGROES LYNCHED VICTMIS HAD SEVERELY BEATIN CHIEF OF POLICE. Father, Son aid Two Daughters Are Hanged by Masked Men Who Over. power Sheriff. About 9 o'clock Thursday night a mob, composed of about one hundred unidentified perons, stormed Jasper county jail at Monticello, Ga., over powered Sheriff Ezell, took the Jail keys from him and taking four negro prisoners-a man, his two daughters and one son-to a pine tree half a mile distant from town, lynched them one at a time by hanging and riddling each body with bullets. The victims of the mob-Dan Bar ber, his son, Jesse Barber, and his two daughters ,Eula and Ella-were arrested Wednesday night after they had roughly handled Chief of Police J. P. Williams, of Monticello. The chief of police went to Bar ber's home to raid a blind tiger, which he had . been informed was operated there by Barber, who was a notorious character. The chief was alone. He found Barber, his son, his two, daughters and five other negro men there carousing. The negroes pretended to submit to arrest, but a few minutes later, when they caught Williams off his guard, the members of Barber's family assaulted him. Dan Barber struck his pistol from his pocket, held his own pietol in -the face of -the chief his 26-year-old son and two daughters. beat the officer about the face and body with their fists and sticks. Dan Barber notified the chief that after they finished beating him they would kill him, and it is said he fired one or two shots past the officer's head. - A passing negro heard' the shots and not knowing what was happen ing, rushed to the sheriff with the news that a shooting -affair was in progress at Barber's home. Sheriff Ezell hurried there alone. When he walked into the door the negro Bar ber and his son and two daughters were still beating the chief.. Sherift Ezell, with pistol in l'and, rounded up the gang and held them until he could send for 'some deputies: Feeling ran high because of the outrageous- tre..tment accorded the chief by the negroes, who were noto rious for their lawlessness, and this feeling culminated in the lynching Thursday night. - . Sheriff Ezell, Deputy D. C. Tho* linson and one or two other persons were in the sheriff's office at the jail Thursday night about 9 o'clock when the door was opened and a large body of masked men pushed in. Two or three of them grabbed the sheriff while others went through his pock ets and took the Jail keys. Other members of the mob held. Deputy Thomlinson and the other persons in the sheriff's office at-bay with drawn pistols. While the bficers were being de tained by one part of the mob the other part went through the jail and, took Barber, his son and 11aughters out of their cells. The five other ne groes arrested at Barber's home, but who took no .aart in the assault on Chief Williams, were not taken out. Barber's daughters were hanged first. The son came third and Bar-. ber last. His body was left hanging, the three other bodies being piled .iust beneath his feet. CAPITAL IN DOUBT. Mexco City sin Plight asto Who ie Going to Hold It. The state department's latest dis patch from the City of Mexico Tues day is summarized in this statement. "The City , of Mexico is quiet, but' there Is much. uncertainty as to what turn affairs may take. It has been widely published in the City of Mexi co that Villa is on his way there with a large force. On the 6ther -hand there are re>'ts that he will not come further south than Queretaro, where he now is. "The general offices of the National Railways-.have been given orders to move north. It Is stated this move ment probably Indicates Interruption of communication over the old cen tral line and lack of confidence in the general southern situation. "It is now known that the pro visional president with his party went ,to Pachuca. It is reported the pro visional president took with' him a 'arge amount of supplies. "There is said to be a scarcity ,.of articles of prime necessity in the city, and depreciated currency makes 2rices high." Use Wilt-Resistant Seed. - Somebody estimates that the South 'oses about teni million dollars an nually as the result of the ravages of totton wilt and root-knot. South Carolina bears a large part of this 1oss. It is not difficult, however, to orotect one's cotton crop from wilt. The use of wilt-resistant varieties of 'otton is the course urged by the botany division of Clemson college and this division is co-operating with a number of farmers In the state who are producing carefully grown seed of these resistant varieties to sell to '*armers who need It. The botany dlivision of Clemson college will be - glad to answer questions about wilt and root-knot. For Woman Suffrage In S. C. Joseph McCullough has introduced a bill in the House of Representatives to amend the State constitution so as to provide woman suffrage in this State. The Karlsruhe Is Sighted. The steamship Caamo sighted the Karlsr'uhe near Moro early Thursday. The flashlight of the warship was olayed upon the bridge of the ship, makir~g navigation difficult. '~ I Schooner.Abandoned. The schooner J. W. Dana has been abandoned 93 miles west of Diamond Shoals Lighthouse. The ship was waterlogged. Masked Men Rob Bank. Three masked men robbed the, Rank of Terloon, Okla., of $33,000 - ind in an exchange of shots with a posse Tuesday killed a deputy. India Sent 20 ,000 Men. A ccording to news from England. :ndia has contributed nearly 200.000 men to the service of Great Britain n Egypt and the continent. .Stands Small Chance. Representative Aiken's bill, intro Iluced Wednesday, to create tw o judi ial districts for the state of South Jarolina, is regarded as unfavorable. Sheriff Kills Fleeing Negro. -Sheriff Morris of Barnwell shot and :illed a negro wham he was pursuing unday afternoon. The negro was a nember et a gambling party. Investigates Price of W~heat. The attorney general is consider ag an investigation of the rise in the rice of wheat. The president has een urged to place an embargo upon sepornt.