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DAITIE 13 KAQINi AL ES STILL TRYNIG To oUT LANK EIA 'RIOGT. SfTUATION IN GENERAL vimc OfieW Reports Shows That Opposing Armies Remain Virtually Where They Were When the Ger mns Stopped Their Retirements and Entrenched Themselves Fighting of the past few days, which took the form of heavy offen sive operations, has not changed to any marked extent the positions of the opposing armies in northern France. Hard blows have been struck by each side, but the armies remain virtuay where they were when the -rmana stopped their retirement and entrenched themselves. The ofcial communication issued Tuesday by the French general staff makes this plain. The lines of the Allies are roughly sketched in the statement and it is gathered that the French right stin rests on Pont-a Mousson and from there turns south ward- to cross the Meuse, near St. Mihiel, where the Germans have pushed a contingen forward. -Thence the front proceeds north ward to encircle Verdun, from which .foitress it strikes directly westward to Rheims and thence nogthwestward across the River Aisne at Berry-au *Bao. It follows the Aisne to Sois sosa and runs from there northwest ward, crossing the. River Oise at Tibecourt to Roye, Albert and Com bles. The two latter places are north "f the Somme. In the west the wings are in close touch, the Germans holding Lassigny, - which lies between Ribbecourt and -Roye, which are in posssion of the -French and also Chaulnes, which is in an almost direct line between Roye Kad Albert It Is-here the Allies have been at tempting a wide turning movement, t prevent which the Germans ap parently have sent out strong oppos ing forces. The French announce met .says the Germans have con tinued their day and night attacks, 'ny -to be repulsed, but it is evident they are showing plenty of fight and are mankn a supreme effort to pre vent the Anies from working around - their right. North of the Aisne two well en trgeched armies still face each other' neither making much headway, while t centre the artillery diel con tinies In the dimict between the Ar samne and the Meuse. 1bFrench claim slight progress indication that they are making heat'attacks to compel the Germans withdra from St. Mihiel, where thiey aight bend, if they do not reak the French front. he French report that they cap tured a number of prisoners. Both sidjsprofess to be well satisfied with thae position which must, however, -pove very wearing on the troops. Naturally, fresh troops are being brought up continually, but it is dan gerous for either side to withdraw manys men from the fighting line. -even to glve-them a short respite. The -Germans already have atringthened their~ right at the ex ease of the rest of their line and hnany more men to assist them will have to be sent from Germany or Bel ~ lm. To take troops from Belgium, -wththe actieBelgian army ready ~ otake thes offensive at 'the first sign .-'oweakeninir. would be hazardous. SThe allies are expecting reinforce ments from India, but when they are due _has not been disclosed. They anmay arrive in time to turn the bal ne -In favor of their side. NEW YORK PRIMARY. 7Pardes Bold First Direct Primaries in Great State. New Ynrk state's first direct pri mary Monday resulted in the expect ed victory for all the candidates on the Democratic and Republican "or gani"9n" State tickets. The count was slow, owing to the length of the ballot, the number of crosses to be. made and the novelty of the whole procedure. At midnight these results were indicated: Charles S. Whitman Is nominted by the Republicans for governor .by a big lead over Tarvey D. Hillman, with Job Hedges third. The Repub lican nominee for the United States Senate 1seems to be James W. Wads worth Jr., the Barnes organization candidate. .His up-state strength was more than enough to offset the fidel ity of the Republicans to William M. Cadler. Dr. David Jayne Hill, the other candidate, appears to be a bad Gov. Glynn has been renominated by the Democrats despite the attacks of John A. Hennessy, and James W. Gerard is the Democratic choice for United States senator over Franklin1 D. Roosevelt and James S. McDo nough. Progressive figures were few at midnight, but while Frederick M. Davenport, the choice of Col. Roose velt and the organization, seemed to 'be in the lead several industrial dis tricts voted almost solidly for Wil liam Sulzer and the result was in doubt. The Progressive candidate for senator, Bainbridge Colby, was unopposed. Sulzer had no opponent as the prohibition candidate for gov ernor. PRAISE FOR HOME TOWN. "The Knocker Is a Mighty Poor As set to a Community." There are few things more dis .couraging than to hear a person dis paraging and criticizing the town in which he lives. Loyalty to the home town is one of the prerequisites of good citizenship and it is true always that the best citizen, the one who is most valuable to the community, is not tlie one who is constantly com plaining and citicizing, but is the one who, with cheery smile and pleas ant word of greeting for all, always has a good word to say for the town and If some things are displeasing, puts forth his best efforts to enlist the aid of the citizens in correcting the faults. The knocker is a mighty poor as set to the community, even though he may be a large taxpayer. The man who boosts, day in and day out, who forgets the disagreeable things and talks only ihe advantages of his home town, is the one who is helping to make the town better and brighter and to add to its attractiveness, even though his bank account _be small and his opportunities for helping in a financial way be limited. SLAUGHTER IS TERRIBLE GREATEST IN WORLD'S HISTORY, SAYS ARMY PRIEST. Left London With 150,000 Soldiers -Artillery and Aeroplanes Used Saw No Cruelty. "It is not a war; it is a holocaust. The greatest slaughter in the world's history is going on behind that cen sorship curtain. When the world learns the price that has been paid it will be staggered-sick at heart." That is the way the war is viewed by the Rev. James Malloy, an Amer ican who has a Catholic parish on North Island, New Zealand, and who arrived in New York last week on the steamship Mauretania. He went to France as a chaplain in the army of Gen. Sir John French. "I left London on August 17 in an army of 150,000 men," he said. "Seventy-five transports carried us across the Channel to Boulogne. From there we went to Mons, where five days after we had left London, the real fighting began. The British were driven back, following a retire ment on the part of the French, by the superior numbers of Germans. The German advance was slow be cause of fear of the Germans for the cold steel of the British soldiers. "The rifle re of the British was withering, but the effect of the ter rible shells of the German siege guns was indescribable. Nothing could withstand them. At that, the English soldiers hesitated to obey the order to fall back, and had to be told it was part of a prearranged plan. "At Senlis the right wing of the German army turned in the nick of time, for had the Germans waited twenty-four hours longer they would have been annihilated by reinforce ments to Gen. Pau. The English ar tillery did awful execution. The Ger mans thought they could overwhelm the English by force of numbers, and the infantry came at us in close order over an open country. The English machine guns mowed them down like so much wheat. "There vere thirty-five British aeroplanes hovering over the River Marne when that engagement began at night. The aircraft flashed signals with lights to the troops telling them the position of the enemy. Then-the British artillery would open fire. The aeroplanes proved most valuable as they could locate the men in the trenches. "I saw none of the alleged atroci ties. Thousands of dead and wound ed were abandoned by the Germans each time they .fell back. The Eng lish wounded we picked. up after they had fallen into German hands had been cared for as well as the cir. sumstances permitted. I did not see a dumdum bullet or a mutilated man. The modern- rifle bullet is humane, merely incapacitating when passing through the body at a non vital point. "The morale of the British soldiers is marvellous and their fighting -quali ties incomparable. They all know they are fighting for the life of their country and they are inspired by their splendid commander. Sir John French, who is a soldier with them and not an officer. Save when in aetion, he visits the hospitals and personally sees many of the wounded men, frequently sleeping there so as to let the boys know he is with them and one of them. Men will fight for a man. like that." .-WTTJJNG FOR PEACE. Great Britain Ready as Soon as Con flict is Decisively Settled. A desire on the part of the British officials to be relieved of responsi bility 'for declining to entertain pro posals looking to the restoration of peace in Europe is believed by state department heads to .be the explana tion of dispatches from London indi cating Great Britain will be glad at the proper moment to accept the good offices of the United States. British officials have taken notice of the many appeads for peace pro posals directed to President Wilson from various sources in the United States. As understood here the Brit ish officials are reluctant to be placed in the position of rejecting any over tures. At the same -time, while officials believe the British government is 'willing to have it known unofficially that at the proper time it will wel come peace overtures, they think that time, as indicated recently by Sir Ed ward Grey, will not -arrive until the conflict has been settled so decisively that there is no longer a possibility of the same issues arising again. OFFERS PRIZE. For Best Essays on Cotton From American School Children. Miss Callie Hoke Smith, daughter of Senator Hoke Smith of Georgia, Tuesday offered through the National Cotton Fashions show prizes of $20, $10 and $5 in gold to the three American school children under 16 years of age who writes the best 300 word essays on the "The Cotton Plant and Its Uses." All American school children are eligible to compete. The essays are to be written and mailed during the week of October 5-1 2, and the chil dren competing must send their es says in their own handwriting with the names of their schools. DEVELOPING AIR SERVICE. Use of Aeroplanes in European War Interest Army Officials. Sensational use of air craft in the great European war added to steps ordered by the war department to at once carry out the provisions of the act of last July to increase the effi ciency of the aviation service of the army. A general order invites un married lieutenants of the line of the .rmy under 30 years of age to apply for details in this extrahazardous ser vice, which will entitle them to a 50 per cent. increase in salary. Other orders looking to the immediate en largement of the aviation corps arnd the acquirement of additional aero planes are expected. MUST FREE THEM. United States Should Make Known Its Intention to Phillipines. When debate was resumed in the House Monday on the Jones bill pro viding for more autonomous govern ment and ultimate independence of the Phillipines, Representative Jones of Virginia made a lengthy and vigor ous speech, urging that the time was ripe for a declaration that the Ameri can people do not propose to perma nently retain possession of the Phil lipines. Young Man is Killed. Ramsay West, 19 years old, of Greenville, was run over and killed ABOUT TO GRAPPLE RUSSIANS AND iERIANS COING CLOSER TOGETIER. ITALY READY FOR FiHT Certainty That Allies Must Win is Said to be the Only Thing With holding the Italians-Rounanians About to Change Attitude of Neu trality to One of War. An official communication from Petrograd- says Russia is on the eve of the long expected great German offensive. In accordance with the Germans' favorite strategy, they are concentrating all their might to de liver a heavy blow at one of the ene my's flanks, contenting themselves ith a defensive attitude on the other fronts. As far as it is possible to estimate the Germans in the eastern theatre of war number thirty army corps of the line and the first reserve. These are divided into three groups. The south ern one, consisting of three army corps, that has been co-operating with the Austrians in Galicia, is now concentrating at Cracow. I The cential group, consisting of four or five army corps, is distributed along the River Wartha, which forms the boundary of the Polish govern ments of Kalish and Petrokov. This group connects the southern Austro German group with the northern group in East Prussia. The northern group in East Prus sia Is by far the strongest of all and numbers probably twenty-two or twenty-three army corps, amounting to 900,000 men, ready for active field operations, not counting the land wehr and landsturm, which are doing garrison service. The concentration of this huge army is hardly entirely completed. With the information to hand it is Impossible to decide where the blow will be delivered, but general consid erations seem to indicate that the enemy's -first strategical object will be to break up Gen. Rennenkampf's army, which forms the right wing of all the Russian forces now in the field. In the absence of any definite war news from Galacia or Servia the Vienna newspapers continue to assert that the military situation in both theatres of war Is favorable to Aus tria. Dispatches from Southern Albania say that the population, harassed and robbed by both insurgent and Greeks, are about to ask the intervention of one of the great powers. Dispatches from Austria to the Messagero declare that the Slavs and Bohemians are against separation from Austria, despite the severity of the authorities, who have searched and arrested humbers of them and have dissolved associations and clubs everywhere. Bohemian regiments are not being sent to the front, the dis patches say, owing to the fear that they will desert the Russians. Italy is prepared for any eventual ity. She could take the field in an hour's notice. Her effective army of 450,000 has been quietly mobilized, and- it must be remembered she can call more than 1,000,000 reserves. Her warships are so grouped that they can be of immense assatance to the Allies when the time comes to strike. There is every indication that Italy is merely waiting for an overt act by Germany or Austria, such, for exam ple, as a violation of Switzerland's neutrality. ,Possibly cruel usage of Italian citizens detained in Austria may fulminate the explosion. At present, in spite of public opin inion, the government hesitates to go to wai: merely for the purpose of tak ing advantage of Austria's weakness or for territory grabbing. A definite reason for war is desired by the gov ernment. Little doubt exists after recent Ital Ian newspapers are studied, that a succession of grave reverses by the Allies would lead Italy to entersthe' field. She is maintaining a do noth ing policy now because of confidence that Austria and Germany must be beaten. There is the utmost secrecy as to Italian military and naval prepara tions, and the cabinet discussions are absolutely withheld from the Italian press. It is known, however, that the majority of the cabinet favor action by Italy. The Petrograd correspondent of the London Daily Mail sends a dis patch which would seem to indicate that Roumania is about to change from her attitude of neutrality to one of active hostility against Austria. The correspondent says: "A telegram received here states that the First Roumanian Army Corps has been directed to proceed to the Austrian frontier. Another re port says that Roumanian mobiliza tion of 200,000 troops is almost com pleted. TAKES SIX MORE. German Cruiser Emden Hitting Eng lish Ships in Southern Seas. The British admiralty announced Tuesday that the German cruiser Em den, during the past few days, has captured and sunk ini the Indian Ocean the British steamers Tumeric, King Lud, Riberia and Foyle, and captured the collier Bursk. The crews of the above vessels were transferred to the steamer Gry fedale, which also was captured, but later released in order to take the crews to Colombo. The previous official British st.te ment dealing with the activities of the German cruiser Emden, issued September 20, told of the capture of six British steamers in the Bay of Bengal .and the sinking of five of them. After creating havoc among the British shipping at Calcutta the Em den went to Rangoon. She was re ported recently at Madras, where she conducted a brief bombardment of that port, and later at :Pondicherry. CLAIM VICTORY. Enofficial Dispatch Says Germans Are in Rapid Retreat. An unofficial dispatch to London from Paris Tuesday night says: "It is said that the German right has been entirely broken and is now be ing pursued by the Allies. All the automobiles in northern France have been requisitioned for the purpose of pursuing. "Armored motor cars with mitrail leuses also are being used to pursue the retreating enemy." "No Change in Situation." The official dispatches from Lon on and Paris for Tuesday say that t1ere has been "jio change" and1 ESPIONAGE OF GERMANS SPIES PLAY LEADING PART IN MIITARY OPERATIONS. English Official Account Tells of Mur derous Fire Poured by Germans Into Their Troops in Night Attack. An official account of British oper ations in France for September 21 and 22 was given out Tuesday. "Since the last letter left general headquarters evidence has been re ceived which points to the fact that during counter-attacks on the night of Sunday, the 20th, the German in fantry fired into each other as the re sult of an'attempt to carry out a con verging advance in the dark. "Espionage plays so large a part in the conduct of the war by the Ger mans that it is difficult to avoid fur ther reference to the subject. In deed, about twenty years ago, there was a paragraph in their field service of 'protection in the field'-e. g., out posts and advance guards-always should be supplemented by a system of espionage. "Though such instructions are no longer made public, the Germans still carry them into effect. Apart.from the more elaborate arrangements made in peace time for obtaining in formation by paid agents, some of the methods which are being employed for the collection or conveyance of in telligence are as. follows: "Men in plain clothes signal to the German lines from points in the hands of the enemy by means of col ored lights at night and puffs of smoke from chimneys in the fields by day. Pseudo laborers working in the fields between the armies have been detected conveying information and persons in plain clothes have acted as advanced scouts to the Ger man cavalry. "German officers and soldiers in plain clothes, or in French or British uniforms, have remained in localities evacuated by the Germans, in order to furnish them with intelligence. "One spy. of this kind was found by our troops hidden in a church tower. His presence was discovered only through the erratic movements of the hands of the church clock, which he was using to signal to his friends by means of an improvised semaphore code. - "Women spies also have been caught; secret agents have been found at the railroads observing en trainment and detrainments. It is a simple matter for- spies to mix with the refugees moving about to -their homes; difficult for our troops, who speak neither French or German, to detect them. "The French have found it neces sary to search villages and also casual wayfarers on the roads for carrier pigeons. Amongs the precautions taken by us to guard against spying is the publication of the following notice, printed in French: - "'(1) Motor cars and bicycles not darrying soldiers in uniforms may not circulate on the roads.& " '(2) The inhabitants may not leave the localities where they reside between 6 p. m. and 6 a. m. "'(3) Inhabitants may not quit their homes after 8 p. m. " '(4) No persons may on any, pre text pass through the British lines without an authorization, counter signed by a British officer.' " TELL IT TO "UNCLE". All Troubles of the World Are Pour ed Into Woodrow's Ear. There are those who think that being President of the United States Is an attractive way of spending a four years' vacation, but they know little about the arduous duties that confront the chief executive. Every thing Is referred to him. We were amused and impressed by the follow ing recital, taken from an exchange: Is there trouble anywhere in the big round world? Tell It to Uncle Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States of America. Is the Southern cotton farmer un able to market his cotton crop? Tell it to Uncle Woodrow and ask him to help. Are the railroads unable to make "buckle and tongue meet?" Send a committee to Washington to lay the matter before Uncle Woodrow. .Are the people of Colorado tired of the mine war, Call on Uncle Wood row to bring the warring factions to1 terms of peace. Are American manufacturers un able to market their wares? Ask Uncle Woodrow to provide govern ment ships. Is congress uncertain about what is best to be done in matters rang ing from anti-trust legislation to the details of a war tayc? Call at the White House and ask Uncle Wood row. Is Belgium shocked by atrocities of the German army? Send a. com mission to Washington to tell Uncle Woodrow about it. Is Austria outraged .by the brutali ties of the Russian invader? Cable a complaint to Uncle Woodrow, U. S. A. Is Kaiser Wilhelm indignant at the use of dum-dum bullets by the French army? ~Clear the wireless circuits that "Wilhelm, I. R.," may tell his troubles to Uncle Woodrow, the "most notable representative of the principles of humanity." Is Ghent, where a famous treaty of peace was signed a hundred years ago, threatened with capture by the Germans? Assemble the burgomas ter and city officials and ask Uncle Woodrow to "take charge of the city. in the name of the American govern ment." Is the Sultan of Turkey indignant beause England has seized Turkish warstips building in English ship yards? Let the Porte tell its troubles to Uncle Woodrow. Does Japan threaten German pos sessions in China? Ask Uncle Wood row to keep the Japs at home. Do peace-loving neutrals want the war to eud? Ask Uncle Woodrow to ffer mediation? Does anybody, anywhere, want anything? Ask Uncle Woodrow. War Correspondents Warned. The adventures -of American war :orrespondents called forth a warn ng from the French government that hey must not go where the armies tre engaged, under pain of righteous >enaltes. Convicts to Wear Blue Suits. The prisoners at Blackwell's Is-a and. New York's refuge of the crimi als, will no longer be seen in the lack and white stripes. Blue suits iave been substituted. Von Kluck is some fighter, and so $72 AN ACRE ON GRAIN CHEROKEE FAR[ERS SAY COT TON NOT AS PROFITABLE. Practical Demonstration Proves That Two Acres Planted in Cotton Clears Less Than One in Grain. The farmers of this county and the entire South will be called upon next year to give up a large part of their acreage which has been devoted to cotton to some other crop. Already the agricultural leaders of our state are advising and preaching the sub stitution of grain for cotton, and by doing this the farmers of our section will be better off than if they had planted cotton. We are reprinting an experience of a farmer in Cherokee county, which shows that he made $72 clear on an acre of land, which was sown with oats, then with corn. He advises all farmers to begin now sowing fall oats. He sows his every September, and farmers can do the same. The article that follows was taken from The Gaffney Ledger: More money can be made by far mers raising oats, corn and hay than by raising cotton. By this state ment real, actual money that may be deposited in a bank or invested in real estate or government bonds is meant. While the above statement, no doubt, appears to be entirely plaus ible to "paper farmers," or to those who sit in their offices or parlors and do their farming with paper and pen cil, to many others who till the soil in an attempt to secure a comfortable living, probably it appears doubtful. These "doubting Thomases" are the farmers' who have been carrying out the plans and ideas handed down to them by their fathers and grand fathers, following the same old rut, and each year producing nothing but cotton, the South's "money crop,' with the exception of a few bushels of corn and oats produced merely be cause they did not think the land de voted to the grain was good enough for cotton. But as set out in the first sentences of this article there Is more real money in raising oats, corn and hay than in the South's "money crop.' This means more money to the acre. By devoting the same land that he has been accustomed to planting in cotton to grain crops the farmer will have a larger bank balance than ever before, or will be less in debt than he has ever been. The above statements are not con clusions drawn from reports of rec ord-breaking yields made in the far west or some foreign country where the climate is different from what it is in the Palmetto State, but the facts as set forth above have been proven and demonstrated year after year in Cherokee county as a farm not more than a couples of miles outside of Gaffney. And the proof is furnished by one of the largest land owners and successful farmers in the county. Mr. J. A. Carroll superintends the cultivation of 25 acres of his land located about one mile and a. half from Gaffney on route 2. TwelvE acres of this farm is bottom lands, while the remainder, 13 acres, is up land. Mr. Carroll personally super vises and directs the cultivation, .the work performed by hired labor. This year Mr. 'Carroll realized approxi mately a net pofit of $72 per acre on his bottom lands and $62.50 per acre on his uplands. The entire farm was sown in oats during September last year. This crop matured and was harvested in May of the present year, yielding an average of 50 bushels to the acre for the entire 25 acres. After gathering the oats the bottom lands were plant ed in corn, and the uplande sowed down in peas and cane for a hay crop. Mr. Carroll will secure a yield of 50 .bushels to the acre from his corn and an average of two tons of hay to the acre. Considering the situation mathe matically, it will .be seen that he made a clear profit of $72 per acre on his bottom lands and $62.50 clear on his uplands. A statement of the receipts and costs of one acre follow: Bottom Land Receipts. 50 bu. oats at 75c bu - ..$27.50 50 bu. corn at $1 bu.-..-..-50.00 Total-....-..-..-..-..$87.50 Bottom Lands Expenses. Total expense producing oats.-$ 8.00 Total expense producing corn. 7.30 Total-..-..-..-..-..-..$15.50 Net profit to the acre .. .. $72.00 Upland Receipt. 50 bu. oats at 75c bu - ..$37.50 Two tons hay at $20 ton . . 40.00 Total-..-..-...-..--.-..-..$77.50 rpland Expenses. Total expense producing oats. $ 8.00 Total expense producing hay. 7.00 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$15.00 Net profit to the acre . . . .$62.50 Looks good, doesn't it? The above is statement of facts. Mr. Carroll has been following this plan for a number of years and finds it so far superior to any other that he is con templating increasing the acreage cultivated in the above manner. Discussing the manner of cultiva tion followed, Mr. Carroll said that he sowed the oats in the fall of the year during the month of September, using a Cole furrow drill and a mod erate quantity of good fertilizer. Upon this crop being gathered in lay the bottom land was immediate y planted in corn, which will make 0 bushels to the acre. The upland was sown down in cow peas and sorg ium for a hay crop. This will pro ice fully two tons to the acre. Mr. Carroll grows some cotton, >roducing a bale to the acre upon the and devoted to the staple: He esti nates that this crop costs $35 per :han $35, or about one-half the tmount realized from the grain rops. The experience of Mr. Corroll will >e of especial value to farmers of 'herokee county at this time if they vill only heed his advice, which is to -educe the acreage given cotton and nrease the grain crops. "The out ook now is that grains will be more aluable next year than ever before," ays Mr. Carroll, "while cotton may 'emain at a low price for some time o come. t will be unrasonnable for CZAR'S TROOPSW RUSSIANS CLAIM DECISIVE DE FEAT AGAINST GERMANS. BRAVE CAVALRY CHAROE Dispatches From Petrogad Tell of Magnificent Charge of Austrians in Dispatches From Petrograd Tell of ' sian Lines-Hostile Cavalry Hack ed at Each Other for Two Hours. Correspondents of London papers report from Petrograd that a German army has been decisively defeated by the Russiars in a battle southeast of Kaliscz and that the great German invasion of Russian Poland has re coiled upon the River Warta. The battle was fought about 110 miles north of Cracow and 100 miles south west of Warsaw. This indicates that the Kaliscz Cracow line of German defense has already been attacked by the Russian armies acting independently of the Czar's forces in East Prussia and in Galicia. If the news of a German re verse near Kalisez is true the Russian battle line has straightened from East Pruss 'ato Galicia and Russia is now striking vigorously and simul taneously with left wing, center and right wing. The whole Russian advance is in the shape of a vast crescent, extend ing about 200 miles from its north ern horn, east of Koenigsberg, to its southern horn, east of Dembica, in Galicia. Petrograd correspondents assert that Russia is employing no fewer than 3,000,000 troops along this semicircle, and that Germany, with Austrian assistance, Is concen trating probably 1,500,000. The Russians regard the Austrians as a gentlemanly opponent, with whom it is a pleasure to fight. Not that the Austrian does not fight well; we have heard little of the prolonged and terrible struggle in which he has been engaged in Poland and Galicia. Nevertheless that campaign has been as bloody as the campaign on the Meuse and the Austrians, although beaten, have struggled gallantly against overwhelming numbers, bet ter generals and better troops. Gen. Fronbreich, a celebrated Aus trian cavalry commander, killed him self after the battle of Grodek, twenty miles west of Lemberg. In this battle the division of Magyar cavalry led by Gen. Frohreich was cut to pieces by Gen. Brousillof's Cos sacks. "A considerable force of Austrians fell upon the advance guard of Gen. Brousillof, which was composed of infantry, Cossacks and light artillery. The plan of the enemy was clear. He hoped to shatter our advance guard and then break through our centre. Our infantry and artillery had strong ly entrenched themselves and In re serve were seveial Coccask detach ments. "At first the Austrian infantry moved out for the attack. It was met with a deadly fire of cannon and ma chine guns and the enemy wavered and fell back. "Then the cavalry was sent out. The flower of the Austro-Hungarian army, the Budapest Guard division, formed of Magyars, ebright-iacketed Hungarians, galloped furiously down in close order. It appeared as if nothing could arrest their impetuous course, not even the awful shrapnel fire of the artillery, which brought death and destruction into their ranks, nor even the rain of bullets from machine guns. "The Magyars did not hesitate for a moment, but continued to charge at our trenches. One more minute and it seemed as it nothing would be left of our infantry. "All at once the thud of hoofs and the clatter of steel were heard and the Magyars were met by a whirlwind of Cossacks. For two hours the Aus trian and Russian infantry watched the scene of terrible carnage. "At the end of this time, of the fine Budapest Guard division not one man was left and the whole field was strewn with the enemy's corpses, sev ered heads, hands and legs and dead horses. "The commander of the division, Gen. Frohreich, could not stand the disgrace of defeat and shot himself on the battlefield. As was afterwards explained, he had promised to bring to the Austrian emperor on the lat ter's birthday news of the complete destruction of the Russian army. By throwing his division onto the Rus sians the Austrian general was fully convinced that the next day he would be- able to announce to the emperor the promised victory. "Before the battle the Magyars were ordered to don their parade uni forms." REPUDIATES INTERVIEW. Baron Von Schoen "Emphatically" Denies Reported Statement. The Washington Post, which first printed the von Schoen interview, published the following card from him to-day: "Editor Post: I should be much obliged if you would kindly insert a notice in your to-morrow's issue stat ing that the interview attributed to me and published in to-day's Wash ington Post, is in no way correct. I emphatically deny that the views ex pressed therein conform to the state ment I made. Believe me, etc. Yours sincerely, "Baron von Schoen, "Secretary to German Embassy."* farmers to continue planting all of their land in cotton, and I would ad vise them to raise a large crop of rain. Ooats planted in the fall of he year are much hardier and havec better growth than when planted in he spring. Another advantage of fall planted oats is that they mature fully a . month earlier than spring ats in that they mature fully a onth earlier than spring oats, al- ~ owing two crops to be made on the G ame land. I shall continue to follow ~ he grain plan of farming." The next year's crop of oats is now eing planted on Mr. Carroll's land. u -Gaffney Ledger. Life Saved by Book. Rural Policeman Edwards of Saluda was saved from death Satur ay when a load of shot aimed at him b y a negro was imnbedded for the ti ost part in a book in his pocket. e; e received some wounds. t] Blue Visits Spartanburg. Rlupert Blue, Surgeon General of the United States public health ser- if vice, was in Spartanburg Sunday to t< nspect the government pellagra hos- TI NEW PRETEXT FOR WAR CRISIS IN ALBANIA MAY LEAD ITALY INTO WAR. Senate Elects Son of Pope and Popu lar Leader of Albania, Italian Fav orite, Starts Rebellion. The -pot is boiling over once more in Albania. The situation in that ar tificial principality became so serious several days ago that intervention by Italy is not unlikely. There is no doubt that such Intervention would mean a declaration of war by Austria. Necessity for "protecting Italian interests in Albania" may furnish the pretext Italy openly desires. for taking sides in the war of the nations. There is more than vague surmise to justify this conclusion. In Durazzo the Senate' of Albania, defying all of the powers, elected Monday Prince Burhan-Edden, a son of Abdul Hamid, deposed Sultan of Turkey, as Prince of Albania. The Senate appointed a commission to go to. Constantinople and deliver the in vitation to the Turkish prince. Si multaneously Essad Pasha,. the great popular leader in Albania, prepared to march on Durazzo with an army of 12,000. He has arrived at Dibra with a force and is collecting an army for the overthrow of the interregnum. There is more than a hint that Essad is playing Italy's game; that his new revolt is not only a develop ment of Italy's policy of obstructing Albanion nationality but is meant to offer Italy an acceptable pretext for definitely intervening in Albnian af fairs. If Austria, as formerly, mus ters strength to crush Essad, will Italy support the Mohammedan lead er? Such action, it is believed, could not fail to mean war. Essad is popular. in Italy and has enjoyed the favor and protection of the Italian government. When Aus tria dispersed his forces and took him prisoner, virtually, at the time Essad was preparing to overthrow Prince William of Wied, Italy interposed, placed Essad on an Italian warship, guarded him and later welcomed him in Italian territory. The pressure of public opinion in Italy Increases. Every day finds the government's position more delicate. Every day the comments of influen tial citizens and writers is bolder, more aggressive. Italy's army and navy are ready. All that is needed is a respectable pretext. This Al banian affairs may now furnish.. Italy is informed of Austrian pre parations in the Pola district where 300,000 troops are believed to be assembled ready to meet an Italian attack. It can be stated, therefore, that the complications are of the ut most importance owing to the possi bility of Italian intervention. DU3'MDUM MYTH. Why Each Side Believed Enemy Was Using Inhuman Bullet& We have heard the protests of Em peror William and 'President Poin caire against the alleged use of the dumdum bullets by their opponents. It was not believed that either of these great European nations would descend to such desperate attempts against the soldiers of the other Yet It was hardly believable that either the rulers in question would make such protests unless sincere in the belief that the enemy was mak ing use of the dumdum bullet. It seems now, says The Medical Record, that the explanation of these seeming contradictory assertions Is not hard to fmnd. In an editorial comment on Colonel La Garde's re cent work on "Gunshot Injuries" In The Medical Record of May 2, we prophesied that there would be a re turn to inhumanity in the next war because of the use of the spitz bullet recently introduced by Germany and adopted by several other armIes, that of Great Britain and the United States among them. This bullet Is quite short, of coni cal shape, and tapers so ,gradually that the center of gravity is thrown back near the 'base; conseqiently, in spite of Its great initial velocity and fiat projectory, it has a tendency to turn sideways upon meeting any ob stable, although it will go through the soft parts making a small clean cut channel, and do little or no in jury unless it hits a vital organ. In the article on "Gunshot Wounds" in the fourth volume of the Reference Handbook of the Medical Sciences, Colonel La Carde says of this bullet: "The least resistance upsets it and in turning at great ve locity the wounds it inflicts are very much lacerated and otherwise attend ed with destructive effects which are not unlike the wounds Inflicted by dumdum bullets. For this reason, the new pointed bullet Is a great disappointment to military surgeons. In experiments which we conducted two years ago, we found the resistance encountered in the hip-joint, chest, and abdomen f cadavers sufficient to cause the bullet to turn and the resulting wounds were like those of an expand ng or metal-patch bullet." In all probability these spitz bullet wounds have been mistaken for the explosive lesions of the dumdum bul ets, and the accusation of the Ger nan emperor was therefore made in ood faith, but in curious ignorance >f the effects of-the missiles used by is own army. Nevertheless, con ludes The Miedical Journal, the dum um or a similar bullet has .been oc asionally used in this war, but by ivilians. East Prussia, for instance, is a ame country and the hunters there se the dumdum type of bullet in the base. The Russian invaders of that ountry have been frequently attack d by "snipers" who used their hunt ng rifles loaded with dumdums. It is possible that the civilian hunt rs in eastern France did the same, nd so an occasional dumdum may ave been found in the .bodies of the erman wounded, but that the armies f any of the nations now at war are sing this 'bullet is altogether im robable. They have no occasion to se it, for the spitz bullet is almost s destructive and its employment is ust as brutal. Shooting In Newberry. Ed Jesse. a negro living near New erry, Sunday shot his wife three imes and shot two negro men once ach in the leg. Family rows caused ze shooting.. Wants Jefferson's Home. Secretary Bryan has written Jef arson Levy of New York asking him > consider the sale of Monticello, homas Jefferson's home, to the gov AEROPLANES HELPED HOVIGERN MACDINES HOVERED OVER RETREATING ARMY IIRET AIRTILLERT RE German Airman Says British Forces Are Best of Allies-French Artil lery Proves Itself Worthy-Freneb Aeroplanes Are Built too Light for Strenuous Service in War. - German aeroplanes accomplished great work in piloting the onrushing armies through Belgium and Into France, French and English reports to the contrary. This is the conten tion of Corporal Fritz Werne'r, of the German aero corps, who should know, for it was he who flew over .Paris, dropping bombs and bulletins of German victories, and escaped after a thrilling battle in midair with a British and a French birdman. Werner's criticisms of German and French aeroplanes are interesting from the point of view of an actual expert. Werner proposes to secure a biplane, a machine he thinks best adapted for war purposes. The French machines,. Werner de clared, are too lightly built for war purposes and smash too easily. This accounted, he thought, for the failure of the French aeroplane corps to ac complish what had been expected of it. It was in describing his flight over Paris that the aviator brought out the fact that both the - English and French flying machines can soar above the German types. It was to the fact that neither of his foes car ried bombs that Werner attributed his escape. Werner made light of the reported uniform victories of the Allies' aero plane corps over the German airmen. Casualties among the air scouts, he said, had been remarkably light con sidering the risks. Little danger was experienced from hostile iring. Corporal Werner's estimate of the fighting qualitiesof the Allies tallies with that of the officers of the gen eral staff who have returned from the front. "Except at first," said the aviator. "especially at Liege, the' Belgians ran away. The practice of the French artillery is excellent. But the Brit ish were ,the best soldiers we met Before their morale became shaken by repeated defeats and heavy losses they stuck to their trenches dogged-. -ly. Our heavy artillery and the way our men kept coming regardless of losses finally got them and they ran too." He said he heard the British also were great at minor tactics, such as laying traps for advance guards in villages and harrying outposts, but that their feats in this line were ab solutely without effect in altering the final outcome. According to Werner the four fac tors largely responsible for the Ger mans' successes in. the first mouth's operations were the heavy fid.artil lery, the travelling field kitchens, the soldiers' sturdy legs and the aviation corps. The inclusion of his own branch of the service, boastful though it may seem, is confirmed by the opinion of other officers. In regard to the field guns, the French artillery has proved a worthy opponent-German officers cheerfully admit that-but thus far the French have had nothing to oppose the heavy German artillery which, by its in direct, plunging fire, has rendered trenches and gun positions untenable and has pounded retiring troops from orderly retreat into full flight. Werner is one of the few who has viewed a great part of the modern line of battle much as Napoleon or Frederick the Great looked over the opposing forces from some high point of vantage. His graphic description of the stub born retreat of the British army from Mons, for he had hovered over the retreating.troops, signaled to the Ger. man artillery the location of their entrenchments and watched the final rearward march under the plunging fire of the monster mortars. He saw. the German cavalry block the Brit ons' flight near St. Quentin and bring Sir John French's force again at bay to be overwhelmed by the German in fantry attack and the hail of shrap nel, and to melt away in the direct'lon of Compiegne. EDWARD CARSON DEFIAN'T. Ulster Mill Prevent Inclusion in Home Rule Bill. Sir Edward Carson issued a state ment Monday afternoon bitterly at tacking the British government for pushing the home rule bill through while the country was at war and de claring that Ulster will prevent her inclusion within the scope of the bill by force of arms if necessary. However, since the operation of the law has been suspended for the period of the war, the Ulster leader said there is no necessity for imme diate action, but he added: "Wlien the war ends the Unionist Council proposes to demand that the government repeal all sections of the home rule bill that apply to Ulster. If it does not then the Ulster provi sional government will direct her vol unteers to prevent home rule ever be coming effective in Ulster." THE CARNIVAL. Oh, the autumn tide is the carnival tide, And what shall the carnival wear? Shall it be the blue of the haze hung skies T'hat is blent with gold and .with topaz dyes? Shall it be the pied soft green that lies On the meadow slope and the moun tain side, Shimmering far and fair? Cay, none of these for the carnival tide, For red is the carnival wear! and never a redder carnival shone ['han now where the San and the Aisne flow on [n the red of the eve, in the red of the dawn, and the war fires rule and the thun ders ride Under the autumn air! )f what avail is this carnival tide. This blood red carnival wear, hese carnival lines that rock and reel End eddy and sally and meet and wheel end break like a surge on a shore of stee?? tye, what, when the doom-led men have died, Does the King of the carnival care?