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FIRST BLOO VERA C1 FOUR SAILORS KILLED SCORE ARE WOUNDEDI A FEIRCE RESISTANCE Stars and Stripes Now Float Over the Principal Seaport of Mexico Huerta's Soldiers Fiercely Resist Oecupation by American Forces Shells from the Prarie's Guns and American Marines Soon Capture Eastern Edge of the City.-Huge Shipment for Huerta of Arms Ar rived nking the Seizure of Cus toms House Necessary to Prevent Their Delivery. Vera Cruz Tuesday night was in the bands of forces from the United States warships, but the occupation of the port was not accomplished without the loss of American lives. Four American bluejackets and ma rines were killed by the fire of the Mexican soldiers, and 20 fell wound ed. The Mexican loss Is not known, but it is believed to have been heavy. The water front, the customs house and all important piers, including those under the terminal works In which extend the railroads to the Capital have been occupied. All the territory around the American con sulate is strongly patrolled and de tachments hold others ections of the city. The Mexican commander, Gen. Gus tavo Mass, offered a stubborn resist ance to the American advance, and for many hours there was fighting in the streets. Toward nightfall it was reported that the main body of the Federal garrison was in retreat to the westward. Demands Surrender. Rear Admiral Fletcher, command ing the United States Varships, per faced his occupation of the port by a demand, through the American con eus, W. W. Canada, for its surrender. General Mass promptly declined to accede to this demand and shortly afterwards ten whaleboats were sent off from the side of the transport Prarie loaded with marines. These boats effected a landing in the neighborhood of the customs house before noon and a few minutes later Capt. Wm. Rush, of the battle ship Florida, who was in command of the operations ashore, brought his flag in. Capt. Rush's men already had tak en up their positions. They number ed 150 bluejackets -from the Florida, 390 marines from the Prarie and 65 marines from the Florida. Later these were augmented by a detach ment from the Utah. - The coming of American forces was not heralded by any great excitement, but small crowds gathered to watch the landing. Soon the bluejackets and marines marched through the streets leading from the water front and along the railroad yards. Others proceeded to the American consulate, while still others were deployed along the approaches to the central plaza, in which Gen. Mass had concentrated his men. These mnanoeuvres were effected without opposition, but suddenly Gen. Mass challenged the advance with the first shots-a volley fired from a point three .blocks from the marines and two .blocks south of the main plaza. The marines replied Immediately, but the action ceased in a moment. There was a lull for ten minutes, and then another brief exchange from the west end of Montesinos street, where a Federal outpost was station ed. At 12:30 the firing became gen eral and at one o'clock the guns of the transport Prairie went into action. Prior to this( a detachment of blue jackets from the Utah, holding the ground between, the consulate and the water front, opened with two of their three inch guns. The first shots from these places were directed on the ancient Benito Jaurez tower, that once served as a lighthous. This was occupied by Mexican sharpshooters. Lient Commander Buchanan, of the Florida, ordered that It be destroyed. Five shots brought the old tower to the ground. The women of the American colony in Vera Cruz had been placed aboard the chartered steamers Esperanza and Mexico, but the foreign colony, espe cily the American section, was greatly augmented Tuesday morning when three trainloads arrived from the Capital. Some of these remained ashore, .but many were taken aboard the steamers. So far as can be Learn ed no refugees were injured. VICTIS OF FIGHTING. List of the Killed and Partial List of Wounded at Vera Cruz. One battalion of marines of the second advance base regiment from the Prairie and marines attached to other ships, as well as a portion of the sailors, probably about one-half of the ship's co'mpany, comprise the force thtt engaged the Mexicans at Vera Cruz Tuesday. According to Galveston dispatches those killed were: Coxswain Shoe maker, Corporal Haggerty and Sea man Pouissett, all of the battleship Florida. The name of the fourth man could not be learned. The wounded include C. L. Leahy, U. Schwarz, C'. D). Cameron. J. F. Plese, seaman of the Florida; Elec trician Geisburn of the Florida. and D. D. McMillan, private, Second ma rine regiment, from the transport Prairie. War News Explodes Glass Eye. M. C. Canterbur-y, a farmer near Huntington. Va., was leaning over his paper with his attention rivited on a Mexican war story when with a loud report his artificial eye burst and a shower of glass fell on the paper. He wna unninred. D SHED RUZ TAKEN ASKED TO SURRENDER CONSUL CANADA TELEPHONED FEDER1AL COMMANDER. Told Him That American Troops Were About to Land and Request ed Submission to Save Bloodshed. The demand for the surrender of Vera Cruz was made at nine o'clock in the morning. Consul Canada call ed Gen. Gustavo Mass, commandant of Vera Cruz, by telephone and pre sented the demands, saying that the United States forces were about to occupy and hold the town. He called upon him to surrender in the name of humanity and assist the Americans in restoring order. Gen. Mass replied that compliance was impossible and asked the consul for a personal parley. The consul in formed Gen. Mass that he had no in structions to grant a parley and ended the conversation. He then called the jefe politico and the customs collec ton by telephone and infrmed them of the prospective landing and asked for their co-operation in the main tenance of peace. Neither could promise assistance. Fletcher Decides to Act. Rear Admiral Fletcher, aboard the flagship, by this time was in commun ication with. Rear Admiral Badger, who was speeding towards the port with five warships. Admiral Fletcher decided to act and marines began leaving the side of the transport Prairie shortly before 11 o'clock. They entered ten whaleboats and ef fected a landing within half an hour at the customs house and No. 4 pier. Information that President Huerta was counting on receiving from the steamer Ypiranga, of the Hamburg American Line, due to arrive Tues day, a big consignment of ammuni tion afid machine guns, was responsi ble for the occupation of the customs house somewhat earlier than might otherwise have been the case. The Ypiranga is outside the harbor. She has on board among other supplies ten thousand rifles and 15,000,000 cartridges. President Huerta had been making every effort to safeguard this con signment and had given orders that it be unloaded immediately and plac ed on a special train drawn by two ocomotives and rushed to the Capital. ESCAPES FROM GANG. Negro Serving Term for Shooting Of ficer Gains Freedom. Ed Bynum, a notorious negro con vict, who was serving a ten-year sen tence on the Lexington county chain gang for having shot former Sheriff P. H. Corley when the officer went to arrest him, escaped from the camp about noon Monday. Bynum, who for the time being had been accorded the privileges of a trusty, was left washing clothes about one hundred yards from where the camp is locat ed. He went to the camp for his dinner a little ahead of time ar d is supposed to have left lmmedatey. His escape was not learned until more than three hours afterwards. Bynum was convicted in the court of general sessions in June, 190 9, and was sentenced to serve a period of ten years. During the month of January, this year, his sentence was commuted to nine years by the governor, and the prisoner was transferred to the Lexington county chain gang. S. Melton Corley, captain of the chain gang, announced that the county would pay a reward of $50 for the capture of the escape. Bynum is de scribed as being a light mulatto, weight about 145 pounds, five feet and six or seven inches tall, and wears a No. 8 shoe. When last seen he was wearing blue overalls, brown shirt and black hat. MOVE TO TAMPICO. Mississippi and Torpedo Destroyers Are to Leave Pensacola. Equipped and ready, the United States torpedo flotilla at 'Pensacola, Fa., consisting of 22 destroyers and two tenders, and the battleship Mis sissippi with a navy aeroplane Sunday night waited for the flash on the wire less from Admiral Badger on the flag ship Arkansas of the Atlantic fleet telling them to put to sea to join the leet on its way to Tampico. Seven hundred marines will go with the ves sels. The torpedo destroyers can make 30 knots an hour and even though the battleships which passed Key West early Sunday obtained a start of 24 hours the miniature fighters probably could overtake the fleet. Eight hydro-aeroplanes were re moved Sunday from their hangars and placed aboard the Mississippi, which is attached to the aeonautic service. The Mississippi was coaling Sunday night and was ready within a few hours. The marines will be quartered aboard the Mississippi. The two tenders with the torpedo flotilla are the cruisers Dixie and Birming ham. The latter is the fastest cruiser in the navy. BALCONY FALLS. Eighty Young Ladies Crash to Audi torium's Floor. The collapse of the balcony in the new auditorium of the hall of the Womans college Friday night pre vented the presentation of the can tata "Queen Esther". Just as the perforance started and with the house full the. balcony supports gave way and sevcral persons sitting under the balcony were injured. Only WV. F. Vermillion of Donalds was se riously hurt, and it is not thought that he is fatally injiured. The Wo man's college girls occupying the bal cony escaped injured. This audito rium is probably one of the best col lege auditoriums in the State. and has just been completed at a cost of $25,000, and the accident, which was TALKS TO UONIRESS PESIDENT WILSON TELLS THEM Of MEXICAN SITUATION WANTS TO AVOID WAR Says That the People of This Coun try Have Deep Friendship for the People of Mexico, and Are Possess essed of No Wish to Maddle in Mexican Affairs. President Wilson laid the Mexican situation before congress Monday in these words: Gentlemen of the congress: It is my duty to call your attention to a situation which has arisen in our dealings with Gen. Victoriano Huerta at Mexico City which calls for action, and to ask your advice and co-opera tion in acting upon it. On the 9th of April a paymaster of the United States steamship Dolphin landed at the Iturbide bridge landing at Tam pico with a whaleboat and boat's crew to take off certain supplies needed by his ship, and while engag ed in loading the boat was arrested by an officer and squad of men of the army of Gen. Huerta. Neither the paymaster nor any one of the boat's crew was armed. Two of the men were in the boat when the arrest took place and were obliged to leave it and submit to be taken into custody, notwithstanding the fact that the boat carried, both at her bow and at her stern, the flag of the United States. The officer who made the arrest was proceeding up one of the streets of the town with his prisoners when met by an officer of higher authority, who ordered him to return to the landing and await orders; and within an hour and a half from the time of the arrest orders were re ceived from the commander of the Huertista forces at Tampico for the release of the paymaster. Tried to Apologize. "The release was followed by apol ogies from the commander and later by an expression of regret by Gen. Huerta himself. Gen. Huerta u ;ed that martial law obtained at the time at Tampico; that orders had been is sued that no one should be allowed to land at the Iturbide bridge; and that our sailors had no right to land there. Our naval commanders at the port had not been notified of any such prohibition; and, even if they had been, the only justifiable course open to the loyal authorities would have been to request the paymaster and his crew to withdraw and lodge a protest with the commanding officer of the fleet. Admiral Mayo regarded the arrest as so serious an affront that he was not satisfied with the apologies but demanded that the flag of the United States .be saluted with special ceremony by the military com mander of the port. "The incident can not be regarded as a trivial one, especially as two of the men arrested were taken from the boat Itself--that is to say, from the territory of the United States; but had It stood by Itself it might have been attributed to the Ignorance or arrogance of a single officer. Un fortunately, it was not an isolated case. A series of incidents have re cently occurred which can not but create the impression that the repre sentatives of Gen. Huerta were will ing to go out of their way to show disregard for the dignity and rights of this government and felt perfectly safe in doing what they pleased, mak ing free to show in many ways their Irritation and contempt. A few days after the Incident at Tampico an or derly from the United States steam ship Minnesota was arrested at Vera Cruz while ashore In uniform to ob tain the ship's mail and was for a time thrown into jail. An official dispatch from this government to Its embassy at Mexico City was withheld by the authorities of the telegraphic service until peremptorily demanded by our charge d'affaires in person. So far as I can learn, such wrongs and annoyances have been suffered to occur only against representatives of the United States. I have heard of no complaints from other govern ments of similar treatment. Subse quent explanations and apologies did not and could not alter the popular impression, which it is possible it had been the object of the Huertista authorities to create, that the govern ment of the United States was being singled out and might be singled out with Immunity for slights and af fronts in retaliation for its refusal to recognize the pretensions of Gen. Huerta to be regarded as the consti tutional provisional president of the republic of Mexico. Might Grow Worse. "The manifest danger of such a sit uation was that such offenses might grow from bad to worse until some thing happened of so gross and in tolerable a sort as to lead directly and inevitably to armed conflict. It was necessary that the apologies of Gen. Huerta and his representatives should go much further, that they should be such as to attract the at tention of the whole population to their significance, and such as to im press upon Gen. Huerta himself the necessity of seeing to it that no fur ther occasion for explanations and professed regrets should arise. I therefore feel it my duty to sustain Admiral Mayo in the whole of his do mand and to insist that the flag of the United States should be saluted in such a way as to indicate a new spirit and attitude on the part of the Hluertistas. "Such a salute Gen. Huerta has re fused and I have come to ask your approval and support in the course I now purpose to pursue. "This government can, I earnestly ope, in no circumstances, be forced into war with the people of Mexico. Mexico is torn by civil strife. If v;e are to accept the tests of its own con stitution, it has no government. Gen. Huerta has set his power up in the City of Mexico, such as it is. without right and by methods for which there can be no justification. Only part of the country is under his control. If armed conflict should unhappily come as a result of his attitude of personal resentment towards this government, we should be fighting only Gen. Huer ta and those who adhere to him and WILL NOT FIGHT MEXICO WILSON TALKS TO CORRESPON DENTS AT WASHINGTON. M Says He Has an Enthusiasm for Jus tice and Dignity But No Enthu siasm for War. The following portion of Presi dent Wilson's talk with the Washing-' 31 ton correspondents on the Mexicon situation was authorized Monday at the White House. The president said: "I - . to say to you, gentlemen, do ,:L he impression that there is .o to ,e war between the United St .Iexico. That is not the out' gresent at all. In the first place, I! uo conceivable circumstances th will we fight the people of Mexico. h; "We are their friends and we want c to help them in every way that we C, can to recover their rights and their m government and their laws; and for cc the present I am going to congress to at present a special situation and seek b( their approval to meet that special ri situation. M "It is only an issue between this F government and a person calling him self the provisional president of Mex- d( ico, whose right to call himself such we have never recognized in any way. S "So that I had a feeling of uneasi ness as I read the papers this morn ing, as if the country were getting on Pa fire with war enthusiasm. I have no in enthusiasm for war; I have an en- w thusiasm for justice and for the dig nity of the United States, but not for war. And this need not eventuate Into war if we handle it with firm- 01 ness and promptness." Mr. Wilson said the executive could Sf take steps which would fall short of t a declaration of war. The president t emphasized that he had not lost his te patience with Mexico, for to lose pa- to tience seemed to him an act of weak- to ness on the part of a person strong enough to do as he ought, but that he t1 felt such incidents as recent ones al might go from bad to worse and e eventually bring about a conflict. of The president added that he S thought it was wise In the Interests as of peace to cut off those repeated of fenses at an early stage. Events of the day, the president indicate, such as as a final acceptance from Huerta, U .aight alter his plans and he added PI that even the course of action by the U navy was dependent upon circum- uj stances from hour to hour. When the president was asked the di direct question if the purpose of his er action was to secure the elimination er of Huerta he replied the Tampico in- re cident did not involve that question. fo He replied the United States merely R wanted full recognition of its dignity and such a recognition as would con stitute a guarantee that such Inci- a dents as the one at Tampico would I not recur. a! WANTS HIM WITEHDRAWN. er w Huerta Asks the United States to Re- er call O'Shaughnessy. er Huerta has requested the United ni States to withdraw Nelson O'Shaugh- ti nessy, American charge d'affaires at 0o Mexico City. That was stated at a( Washington Wednesday on good au- H thority, but has not been officially re announced. The reported action of Huerta In re asking the withdrawal of Charge tt O'Shaughnessy and Instructing er Ca.rge Algara to demand his pass- ti~ ports, technically constitutes a com-P plete breach of diplomatic relations between the United States and Huer- cc ta's government, though whether uj Secretary Bryan Is willing to regard ti' It as more than act of individual and re not of the actual government of Mex- - ico, remains to be seen. t1 There is no precedent for a refusal hi to accedes to the demand for passports in nor to fail to withdraw a diplomatic A: representative upon demand of an es- fr tablished government but the present aj situation, Involving as It does a de bE facto administration which the Unit-. ed States has not recognized, never before has arisen. a Such a severance of diplomatic re- ex lations though not necessarily a pre- ai lude to war, is one of the steps that cc must be taken If war is to be for- be mally declared and it is surmised In some quarters Huerta Is now about di to take that step. ject would be only to restore to the, people of the distracted republic the it opportunity to set up again their owna laws and their own government. U Hopes for Peace. a "But I earnestly hope that war is to not now in question. I .believe thatw I speak for the American people when I say that we do not desire to con trol in any degree the affairs of our sister republic. Our feeling for the people of Mexico is one of deep and genuine friendship and everything that we have so far done or retrained' 'from doing has proceeded from our ci desire to help them, not to hinder ory embarrass them. We would not wish ec even to exercise the good offices of th friendship without their welcome and t consent. The people of Mexico are H entitled to settle their own domestic th affairs in their own way, and we sin- cc cerly desire to respect their right. yi The present stuation need have none a of the grave implications of interfer ence if we deal with It promptly, firm- n ly and wisely. te ''No doubt I could do what is nec- re essary in the circumstances to en- t force respect for our government pg without recourse to the congress, and sa yet not exceed my constitutlonal ca powers as president; but I do not th wish to act in a matter possibly of so Al grave consequence except in close ha conference and co-operation with re both the Senate and House. I there- co fore come to ask your approval that I should use the armed forces of the United States in such ways and to such an extent as may be nccessary mi to obtain from Gen. Huerta and his M adherents the fullest recognition of ed the rights and dignity of the United, States, even amidst the distressing conditions now unhappily obtaining in Mexico. "There can in what we do be no thought of aggression or of selfish ,sh aggrandizement. We seek to main- Cr tan the dignity and anthority of the si United States only because we wish~ always to keep our great influence unimpaired for the uses of liberty, both in the United States and wher- led ever else it might be employed for en en benefi of mankinrd."in ALTEII IN SENATE OTION REFERRIl i TO HUERTA HAS BEEN BLOCKED OUSE VOTES 337 TO 37 embers of Upper House Object to Individualizing Action Against Huerta-Resolution is Altered and Carried Over-House Passes it by Enormous Majority. In twenty-four hours, possibly less, e United States government will Lve taken possession of the Mexico stoms houses at Tampico and Vera -uz. Detailed plans for landing of arines at these two important ast towns were completed Monday a conference at the White House tween President Wilson, Secreta ,s Bryan, Garrison and Daniels, ajor Gen. Wood and Rear Admirals ske and Blue and John Lind. Persons in touch with the presi nt said the steps "short of war" iich would be taken by the United ates were of a nature which would >t require formal notification to the >wers in the same sense that a dec ration of blockade or other prelim aries to war. Foreign governments .11 be kept informed of develop ents, however. The debate in the House brought it the fact that while the American vy probably would block Mexico ! from commerce with the United ates, it would not interfere with e passage to and fro of foreign ves Is, though cargoes discharged on e shore might be held at the cus ms houses. The following resolution passed e House by a vote of 337 to 37 ter a spirited debate: "A joint solution justifying the employment the armed forces of the United ates in enforcing certain demands :ainst Victoriano Huerta: "Resolved, by the Senate and :use of Representatives, in congress sembled, That the president of the ited States is justified in the em oyment of the armed forces of the iited States to enforce the demands *on Victoriano Huerta for unequiv al amends to the government of e United States for affronts and in gnities committed against this gov nment by Gen. Huerta and'his rep sentatives." During the evening there were in rmal conferences of Democrats and ,publicans, and opposition to the raseology of the resolution was ap rent. Many senators, among them few Democrats, objected to sing ig out Gen. Huerta as an individual, d wanted to amend the resolution direct it against .the de facto gov nment in Mexico City. Others nted to make this resolution broad .ough to cover Mexico generally. A high official who was In confer .ce with the president pointed sig ficantly to the fact that the Consti tionalists need not be nervous er the situation, for the president's tion was aimed entirely against aerta. It was said that one of the asons the White House was insist t on individualizing Huerta in the solution was to prevent the Consti tionalists from isnterpretng pres t movements as threatening hos Ities against them or the Mexican ople generally. The Senate adjourned before the nsderaton of the resolution came . The committee on foreign rela ms had agreed upon a substitute solution, reading: "In view of the facts presented .by e president of the United States in s address delivered to the congress joint session the 20th day of ril, 1914, in regard to certain af nts and indignities committed ainst the United States in Mexico, "Resolved, That the president is stifed in the employment of the med forces of the United States to force his demands for unequivocal sends for affronts and Indignities mmitted against the United States; it further "Resolved, That the United States sclaims any hostility to the Mexican ople or any purpose to make war on them." The purpose of the new resolution, was said, was to avoid the appear .ce of a personal issue between the lited States and Gen. Huerta, and so to avoid any misrepresentation the attitude of this government ward the Mexican people as a VILLA UNCONCERNED. es Nothing But a Scrap Between Huerta and America. "I do not believe the Tampico In lent will result in war .between the lited States and Mexico," comment Gen. Villa Saturday. "I regard e complication as one existing be een President Wilson and President 2erta and I question whether even e bombarding of Tampico would be nstrued as an act of w'.r against xico, since Huerta is the offender d illegally holds that port." Asked if American non-combatants w resident in Mexico could be pro aed should war break out, Villa plied: "It would be a war between o civilized nations and American n-combatants could rely on the me protection here as could Mexi ns in the United,States. Suppose ere was a populas- uprising against nericans. could you control it?" "I ye driven 25,000 federals out or bel territory, and I think I could ntrol the proletariat."' 11of Attacks Negrro Child. P.oth arms were chcvr'd off a three anths old negro baby of Clover mnday by a large hog which attack the child in the absence of its par Hilled in a Pool Room. Boston Walker of Lancaster was ot and killed Tuesday by Knox ockett, whether by accident or de n being at present unassertible. Engineer Killed in Wreck. James Clark, an engineer, was kill at Rockfish, Va., Tuesday when his gino and the baggage car follow ; aseda into a ditch. CONGRESSMAN LEVER WORKS FOR FARMERS The moment had arrived for the first gun to be fired in defense of the Farmers' Money Bill. The House doors were closed, the pages ran lither and thither to round up the members, and the clerk called the roll. There was a quorum present. "The House is in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union for the purpose of further con si'eration of the bill H. R. 13679,' nnounced the chairman. The clerg read the bill. A wiry little man jumped up and was recog ized. The fighting representative from South Carolina, the man b:'hind the Farmers' Money Bill, had the floor. "Mr. Chairman," Representative Lever began, "at breakfast this morn ng I happened to overhear a remark made by one of those two-by-four know-it-alls that set me thinking. It was this: 'No class of people in this country except the farmer and the riminal can get any money from the Federal government for any purpose. Do you know that there is appropriat d $50,000,000 a year for the farm ?rs of this coutry?' "He had a good face, was well iressed, and seemed to be a man of Intelligence, but his asinine display 3f ignorance, uttered with the arro gance of apparent information, made me propound to myself the query: 'It is possible that such gross ignorance is prevalent generally among the peo ple with reference to what the Fed' ral governmnt is doing for agricul ture?' "Mr. Chairman, instead of expend' ing $50,000,000 a year for the agri ulture of this nation, the fact that the expenditures of the eDpartment Df Agriculture that go in direct aid to the farmer, and to him alone, mount to only $9,690,000 annually! "The bill that we are about to con ider appropriates In round numbers $25,000,000, including permanent ap propriation for the department is us d in Its regulatory, police and quar ntine work, while only thirty-eight per cent. is used in aid of the great est occupation of the people of this ounty. "In the face of such facts, and with an understanding of what the re search and demonstration work of this department mean to the people f the country, is there one bold enough to repeat the charge that this ommittee has been unduly liberal in its attitude toward this work? For myself I have no apologies to make; I am prepared to defend every item in this bill as a wisesinvestment of pub lic funds "The appropriation provided in this bill is a mere bagatelle, incon sequential in comparison with our appropriations for other purposes. What wll a cohparison show? You will appropriate for the support of the arry this year $94,000,000 in round numbers. This means that ev ery time you appropriate one dollar to aid in the development and en couragement of the oldest orcupation of mankinid you are appropriating ten dollars for the maintenance and support of the army." Looking Into the Future. "You are spending more this year to maintain this little square of ten miles in the District of Columbia than you are appropriatng for thE agriculture of the entire country. You are spending more for the mainten ance of the wards of this nation, thE Indians, than you are appropriating this year for the encouragement of the agriculture of the country. You will very likely appropriate $1 40,. 000,000, in round numbers, for the support of the navy this year. This means that every time a dolinr is ax pended to help the farmers to keep their corncribs and smokehousas and to feed the people of this nation you are spending fifteen dollars for your navy. "You will spejid $180,000,000 for pensions this year. I shill not con tinue; but let me call your attention to the fact that the total appropria tions for all purposes for the pres ent fiscal year amount to $1,105,. 000,000. of w' .r amount the paltry sum of $9,690,000, or nine-tenths 01 ane per cent of the total, goes to the levelopment of the basic business 01 the country. "Is the criticism of this committee -that it is over-liberal to the De artent of Agriculture of this coun try-to be continued In the face 01 such facts? I should life to com mend to such critics the facts that the total agricultural capitalization >f this country is more than $42, r000.0,000. The farmers are pro lucing annually more than $9,000, 100,000. "But I do not ask that the appro priation recommended in this bill hall stand upon invidious compar cons. I am content to have each temn rest solely upon its own merit d the character and importance of he work contemplated under it. "Unless I a m prepared to show :hat every dollar recommended for :he work of the Department of Agri ~ulture will bring returns to the peo pe in the way of improved and more rofitale methods of agriculture. etter living conditions, and a larger rood and clothing supply, I am not ustified in the recommendations that tre contained in this bill. "My study of the economic situa ion in this country, and of the un nistakablo tendencies clearly appar t to students of these condlitions. ~urnshes5 the justification for this all your attention to certain ten. encies, certain danger signals that >ill. I ask your indulgence while I >id us stop, look and listen. "In 1880', 70.5 per cent of the pop lation of the U-nited States was 'lassed as agricultural. In 1 910 only i7 per cent of that poplation was o0 classfied. Even these figurc; .r nisleaing, for the fact is thnt only S per (Cnt of our people actum:dly ive upon the farmn. The drift of pop ation from farm to city is unmis akable, and if the tendency contin is unceheck~ed the numbr er of people iving on tie farm~i ti fty years hence w;ill e negligible in comparison with he to tai populat ion. "1 venture into the field of proph cy to the extent of saying that fifty .rears hence less than twenty per -et of our people. unless presen endenes are arrested. will he calle ' ipon to feed anid to clothe the re nainng eighty pr cent. It is a stu enc~os task: can they do it? "Why this dIrift of population from arm to city? Why are our boys and ;.1c leaving the farm, turning their ROYAL. BAKING POWDER Ablutely Pure Abseiutely has no substitute Many mixtures are offered as substitutes for Royal. No other baking powder is the same in composition or effectiveness, or so wholesome and economicar, nor will make such fine food. Royal Is the only Baking Powder made from Royal Grape Cream of Tartar backs upon the old homestead, with FLETCHER SPEAKS OUT its tender memories and hallowed as sociations, to cast their lot among strangers in our great unsympathetic cities, where competition is keen and AMIRAL THREATENS MART!AL pressing. LAW FOR VERA CRUZ. "They are leaving because he op portunities for intellectual, social and financial well-being furnished by the cities are better than can be had in the country; because the educa- Housetops at Americans or Others tional facilities of the city are better than those of the countrp; because Must Cease. communication In cities is easier, quicker and batter than it is in the In IedThray toehe peole country; because they believe that oftVeraiCruz hrcal uo the p n city life affords greater remuneration of iere of h un t ip for labor; and because country life is te it hi inmrest oder thought to be monotonous, irksome aidwth cil crryoon ter miic and ill-rewarded. "Shall we exert ourselves to check ipal government as before and that this tendency or shall we stand by the United States merely would hold and permit it to go on until our cities the customs house and patrol the city. have become crowded and our ural Admiral Fletcher's proclamation to communities deserted? To me the the mayor, chief of Police and citi deserted homestead presents the evi- zens of Vera Cruz read: "It has be dence of a tragedy, and is sufficient oe nedes of Ae n ow incentive to arouse my utmost en thusiasm and effort in behalf of the at Vera Cruz, to land and assume betterment of rural conditions. military control of the customs "I would commend to you theCru. Your co-oper beautiful lines of Goldsmith in The an preet o lie IDeserted Village:anprvtlosflie Deserted"I Vilges not the Intention o! the'Unit "Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a ed States naval forces to Interfere prey, with the administration of the civil Where wealth accumulates, and men affairs of Vera Cruz more than is ,decay; Jnecessary for the purpose Of main Princes and lords may flourish, or taming a condition of law and order may fade- to enforce such sanitary conditions as A breath can make them, as a breath are needed to meet military require has made; ments. But a bold peasantry, their country's "It Is desired that the civil officials pride, of Vera Cruz shall continue in the When once destroyed, can never be peaceful pursuits of their occupa supplied. Under these conditions full protection will be given to the city "Let us take a look fifty yearsbthe United States naval forces. hence--a short period in the life of "ti nonduo l naiat a nation, less than the span of a hu-anpoerywestorvntf man life-and see what is before us. igb niiul rmtesetro The population of the United StatesteihossunUied Sas during the last census period increas-focsrupnaynele.Sh ed twenty-one per cent. If that in-frigbireuasntm brso crease continues-and there -is noanogizd iltrfrciso reason why it will not continue-the tayt h aso a;i esse population of the United States in i twl alfrsvr esrs 1960 will be 238,000,000, an increase(Sge) ".FFlthr of 159 per cent. - "erAmrlU .N "Now let us sec In 1910 each "omne eahdsudo .S man, woman and child in this country Alni le. had available ninety-one pounds of beef. If the ratio of decrease con- lvn ntefrweete r tinues for fifty years as It has during nee. the past ten years, then each man, "Waistegnlmnsow woman and child i nthe country willanOimebrskd have available only sixty-one pounds "ti itetw nteHdo of beef,or a decrease of thirty-three Rvrcle e ok"asee per cent.thote."ehpthgnlma "In 1910 the per capita supply offrmCniathshedoft" pork available was eighty-nine "e epoed"bge r pounds. If the decrease for the nextLer. Iwatoasthewo fifty years in pork production con- mycmli bu hsbl n tinues as great as it has been during aotwa h eea.gvrmn the last ten years, the availa'ble per i on o h amr fte av capita amount of pork at the end of ee tpe ocnie h te fifty years will be thirty-four pounds.sieothqutonwathefr r In like manner at the end of fiftyIsdigfrtsgoen n. years we shall have only three pounds "Hstaproiinevrcu of mutton per capita.retoteegnlmn Iwatp "Yet gentlemen complain that wesaththeprtuio ofer carry in this appropriation bill a few snaie oenet h otn hundred thousand dollars to encour- uneo u rsn ytm eed age the people of the country to erad-moeunte.pserthpiss icate disease from meat-producingwelhedctoonrvis ad animals and to encourage sections of ptits fteAeia fre this country that are not producing ttnuo n te atr beef and pork and mutton to go into 'nteps ehsbe h a the production of these commodities. to' ees.I h uueh Is it a wise complaint? Is it a just ms eteblakt rtc.i criticism? aantteurs n h nrh "We appropriate something likeofyugraciyenrs Istd $600,000 for the eradication of dis- i h etea' oect n ease from animals. Iisten! The lossmongadlkigcrsMdsn from animals diseases in this coun- Sur a udesadhnrd try, as estimated -by the Agricultural o epewohdsettengti Department. annually amounts tothopnsmeftemlignte $212,50,000. rsi ece.sm nenahwt tha thComiteeon grculureisTelis CutriznTt Shooting up fromh ramingitshads ntotheTrasuy ileolases oougrat e ites; Othrt forthesuportof he epatmeto Iou flari Adilt Flotcher' majesty Agriultue. I maes m weay mtion hssedTusa to the panept ~'Youecudaffod. ityou oudfloa byu the boad girls thman sav tht $12,t~Ofl0 ofannalthe mineet and thmanmen bac owner loss to pen $.%OO0O~)a y at winth hil and rsing varder.s ofH buildng rilrods i Alakao ayo d Sothe Coln carry on ther msc $14000, a ear or yur i a thogouterment adbefreadthatf your big army. AgaineIUnatedtSmakes Inmresterel stil taln me wary beause felhat the utom heuse ade byro the Souty. criicsof hi bil hve evrsudis Admiial rereentative wolamatened thefacs.or an otdisingis be jthe mayorr, ch iob polic eld.t ditue."came ncssar to the House torcesr A rnc'mber ~~ ~ of the Uns ul ohi aeited Itas aof ea peerc,-o feetan( rec~cied ecogitin. ar y thcont formidae arstom 'Pe nt tie entemn bliee tatwh arves aodfiger Cruz.Yourco-er in oden cvilzaionwe r ork ath omieqe so pegisel oe "Forillstrtio, des ot he ente- "t in the ill.tent of, thea Uit, man now hatin mny argecite Sta~nte ndsa frcestofendersere we hve boste clus. 'hosebusi irs ofs Vera inu mre nteandi u i isto nvie popi toco eesar hor thel iturpoose fray frothe ounry ito ownand thnaning wat condition it aw en orde w.'hav piiloopier stndr arrn wneede the peletmltrrqie "It isndetiredtthat tremcthiltofnitoal h'ountf?"Vena Crz Trsh _coiu Coathe "l' Iarue; t 1c~n iieNat(,. Teaeu riets of intry atcupn 'I tinkthee popl-th foksprotcicon have begenre to the t o ar tring o mt te pc efro hea bortdaer. Anaallr fres. thecoutryto he out::-- :!:~t o "met at Fnoiey, upon nhabstans put nto n inane s~l." M ing be ordredul ro m other shelter.o their thesesuthn UniteiiState "I eve hardofa b*)' '5'Cbfiri it by 01irregsntember Mafl in ny ity" vluteeed oter! Tntrgaiegitr maci pcage membr. excpt.perhps.t')hootrary the lt owain by persnsted the I.'of nemloyd pouaio "helmupae traocSheqarn Pacific tha v~hav inth ciy :to he wichn lefth Los m A hele thy nigh coutry ad mke he c~t ter e for therancisco. hegetlma fromCincnnai ha herd o it "Letme pocee," bgged- Mr