University of South Carolina Libraries
DISCUSS THE RACES NEEBERS Of THE HOUSE HAVE A LONG AIRGUMENT OVER WHITES TEACHINi BLACKS Some of the Speeches Made by the Representatives of the State on the Bill Prohibiting White Teachers From Teaching in Schools of This State. The argument in the House for the passage of the bill prohibiting white teachers from teaching in negro schools in this State was opened by Mr. Fortner, in favor of the bill, and he took the position that education for the negro was really harmful and that 90 per cent. of the negroes in prison to-day were of the educated class. He insisted that his bill was demanded by the people of the State and that public sentiment wished to call a halt on white women teaching In colored schools and he feared that the present situation might lead to social equality. Mr. James of Bishopville said that he favored a segregation of the races not only on the trains, but in the schools, and that he had lived long enough to see that the coming of the races together was a bad thing. Mr. Rittenberg asked him if he wished to throw more than fifty young wo men In Charleston out of employ ment. Mr. James suggested that Mr. Rtttenberg's "friends" would have to :2nd something else to do. Mr. Liles of Orangeburg, who is blessed with a remarkable voice, - threw himself Into the breach and made a vigorous speech against the measure. He took the position that the best results would be gotten by permitting white men to manage ne groes in the schools, but that he was opposed to white women teaching ne groes. The burden of his argument was that as -it took white men to manage negroes so imperative was it that white teachersshould be employ ed to teach the negroes subserviency. Personally he believed that the negro was not'a beast and was possessed of a soul, and- that If taught right by white men and shown that which was right that they would be less trouble some and more obedient. He wished it understood that he was not In favor of any form of social equality and that any demagogue that undertook to twist his position into favor of so cial equality told a lie, but he insisted that he felt It his duty to oppose this bill, because he frankly believed that the best results could be gotten by having men instruct the negro. Mr. Liles reiterated his position and said he regarded white supremacy above all else. Mr. Stanley of Horry created some thing like a consternation by this amendment: "'Provided, that the provioslons of this bill shall also ap ply to negro walters In hotels and eating houses, negro servants In white hospitals and negroes working In the same establishments that white womenisre employed, negro nurses in private homes-to the extent that the two races shall not be permitted to engage In same work at the same time at any place or in any manner whatsoever." This was net a joker. Mr. Stanley Insisted that the State might as well face complete negro segregation, and he did not want the races to mix anywhere.- He even went so far as to take the position that ne gro farm labor was worthless, and in sisted that the sooner the white peo ple realized it the better. He said the only, way to avoid danger was to meet the situation fairly and square * ly, as he 'proposed. * Mr. Barnwell of Charleston pre sented a logical argument, and began by stating that he came from a sec tion that had a problem that was not so conspicuous in the up-country. His people had met the situation by white people undertaking 'to some extent the early training of the negroes in the schools, and that the result had been subservience, discipline and obedience. Of course, there were ex ceptions, but he argued .hat the teaching of white women in colored' schools had not been harmful. The first Idea that the colored child got. and was made to get, from his white tekder, was respect and obedience. and to realize that the white teacher was his superior. Either this would haqve to be done as It is now down in Charleston, or the negroes would be taught by negro preachers, who very often were of the most insurgent type, or by Yankee women, about whom complaint was now made. Speaking for Charleston, he felt that the races there got along as well, or better, than elsewhere, and he be lieved that this condition was largely brought about by the colored children being taught In early lire that they must recognize the white people, as exemplified by the white teachers, as their superiors. Mr. Barnwell wished It understood that he was always In favor of white supremacy, but he re garded the pending bill unwise and inexpedient. Dr. Wyche of Newberry said it was a very easy matter to arouse race prejudice. Some almost would make It a crime to speak to the negro. If we have erred it has been in not teaching the negro enough, particu larly of morality. Some wanted the negro to go to the depths, and if he does the white man will suffer. This is too serious a matter to joke about. If the Issue Is to be squarely met it must be more serious-deportation. The way to settle this question Is without law. Public sentiment will regulate such matters. In his coun ty, for instance, there are no white teachers in negro schools. The negro lives In contentment in this tSate and he, therefore, believed the white men were able to handle the situa tion. This Is a white man's country, therefore, why fear? It looked to him like an effort to use it as a polit ical move. This was an inopportune time to raise such questions. If the situation must be met let it be by race segregation, absolutely. Who fears social equality In South Caro lina, except the thoughtless or the man on very infirm foundation. He believed In teaching negroes or any one else to be good and respectable. SAYS LAWYERS RULE CHIEF JUSTICE CLMRK WARNS THEM TO TAKE HEED. North Carolina Supreme Court Judge Fears Power Will Prove Undoing of the Lawyers. Declaring that all the powers of government, both the Federal and State, lie at the feet of a "judicial oligarchy" composed of the lawyers of the United States, Chief Justice Walter Clark, of the North Carolina supreme court, speaking at Cooper Union in New York Tuesday night warned his fellow jurists throughout the country to take heed lest their power prove their own undoing. Dis cussing "government by judges", Justice Clark said: "It has been said that a contented people have no annals. The present unrest among the people, strange as it may seem, is one of the best signs of the times. When people are con tent they either are ignorant of bet ter conditions or hopeless of attain ing them. A 'divine discontent' is the basis of civilization and of all progress in bettering the condition of humanity. "In this country, as iD all coun tries, the control of the government in the hands of the few. In 1776, we issued a declaration which pro claimed the rights of mankind, and their equality and freedom. And then the reactonary party, the cham pions of government of the many by the few, quietly but effectively took control of the government. "The importance, indeed the over whelming preponderance of the judi ciary in the government was cr. -ted in 1803 by a decision of the supreme court of the United States, without a line in the Constitution to authorize it, when that body assumed the right to veto any Act of Congress they chose to hold unconstituional. "The assertion of this doctrine was promptly seized upon as a boon by the special interests and by all who believed at heart in the government of the many for the benefit of the few. It has practically made the court the dominant power in every State in the union. Whenever any progressive statute has not been in accord with the economic views en tertained by the courts, they have generally exercised their power to de clare such statute unconstitutional because it was not 'due process of law'." Declaring that the constitution does iot authorize the assumption of unlimited power by the courts, Jus tice Clark said that if the constitution had given the judges the right to set aside a statute, it would have given the legislative branch the same power in the case of an executive veto. In warning his fellow jurists against overstepping their authority, the speaker quoted Justice Harlan, where he declared that when the peo ple believe the judiciary is usurping legislative functions there will be trou.ble. SIX CO3IUTATIONS. Fairfield County Convicts Have Their Sentences Shortened. Sentences of six prisoners serving terms in the State penitentiary have been commuted by the governor to terms on the Fairfield county chain gang. Daniel Bird, convicted in 1912 of murder and sentenced to be electro cuted, but later commuted to life, was sent to the county chaingang for 20 years. Jordan Stevenson, convicted in 1910 of burglary and larceny and given 11 years. was sent to the county chaingang for nine years. The sentence of John Ervin, con victed in 1909~of murder, was reduc ed for a life term to 20 years. The life sentence of Jesse Murphy, convicted in 1908 of murder, was re duced to 20 years. The life sentence of Jake Moore convicted of murder in 1912, was re duced to 20 years. Moore was to have been electrocuted last October, but his sentence was then commuted to a life term. The life term given Sam Farrow for murder in 1901 was reduced to 20 years. A parole has been issued by the governor to Lillian Love, who was convicted in Spartanburg, in January of last year, of running a house of ill fame and sentenced to six months or a fine of $200. is all there is to it. Mr. Vanderhorst, of Charleston op posed the bill and offered personal testimony, so to speak. So far as he could gather the objiection to white teachers in colored schools was pure ly sentimental. He saw it from a practical standpoint, and he paid a glowing tribute to the school system in Charleston. He thought the ab sence of race friction in Charleston was largely due to white teachers in sisting upon respect for the whiteI race and cleanliness. He personally knew teachers in these colored schools, and there were no women of better antecedents or character, and they taught in these schools as a matter of duty. No one has ever heard of any one of the white teach ers of Charleston being degraded be cause of such teaching. The test has been made in Charleston and the best results, in every way, is .gotten by competent white teache's in colored schools. Mr.' White of Clarendon saw but one advantage from white teachers' teaching in colored schools, and that was to get the money for teaching. There are a few Northerners who love the negro because they do not understand conditions. The effect of whites teaching in negro schools is so bad as to have members from Charleston and Orangeburg oppose this bill. He could not comprehend1 !ow white men could oppose this bill. The only way to account for it was by a loss of the sense of proportion. i Feared Court's Verdict. Morgan C. Hall, a private at Fort Leavenworth. Kan., Saturday shot tnd killed himself rather than face :ourtmartial on a perjiury charge. Sir Overcome by Gas. Daniel Sorahan, a plasterer of New' erk, and five daughters were over- a 'ome by gas Saturday night. Three of t PASSED THE HOUSE 31Ll PROHIBITS WHITES TEACH ING NEGRO STUDENTS IN SCHOOLS IN STATE [t Also Prohibits Negroes Teaching in White Schools, White Women Nursing Negroes in Hospitals and Has Other Sweeping Provisions to the Mixing of the Races. The first real fight that has taken place in the general assembly this session occurred in the House on Tuesday over a bill prohibiting whites teaching in negro schools or whites nursing negroes in hospitals. The bill was passed by a decided vote. The bill as passed by the House, after a dozen roll calls and the most vigorous manner of fighting, reads as follows: Be it enacted by the General As sembly of the State of South Caro lina: Section 1. That it shall be unlaw ful for any white person to teach or instruct In any negro college, high school, public school, graded school, private school or any school where negroes are taught in this State, or white nurses to be employed in negro hospitals to nurse negroes at any hos pital or sanitarium, or for any negro to teach or instruct In any college, high school, public school, graded school, private school or any school where white persons are taught in this State; and any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $500, or by imprisonment not exceeding twelve months: Provid ed, that nothing in this Act shall be construed to prohibit the teaching of the Bible and religious matters: that the provisions of this bill shall also apply to intimacy of the races in houses of ill repute. The fight for the bill was led by Mr. Fortner, the author, who was aid ed by Mr. James of Bishopville; Mr. Stanley of Horry, who wanted to go further, if at all, and bring about complete segregation. The opposition to the bill was severely handicapped by sentiment being In favor -of the bill and at one time it looked as if there would be no opposition to it, but those who talked against the bill said they realized the political dan ger. Chief among the opponents of the bill was 'Mr. Liles of Orangeburg. lr. Vander F'orst and 'Mr. Barnwell of Charleston, Dr. C. T. Wyche of New.berry and Mr. Rittenberg of Charleston. The Columbia correspondent of The News and Courier says Mr. Fort ner does not like the present status of his bill, because Mr. Lee of Da lington secured the adoption of an amendment by a unanimous vote that has had a decidedly paralytic effect upon the measure, and rather resolv ed the situation into a .ioke. Mr. Lee's amendment was adopted upon a yea and nay roll call, 100 to noth ing, and provides "that the provisions of this bill shall apply to intimacy of the races in houses of ill repute." The first vote was on the question of Indefinitely postponing the bill, and on this a yea and nay vote was taken, which resultel in 3S to 59. Those voting aye being in favor of killing the bill, and those voting no in favor of the bill. The vote stood: Yeas-Atkinson, Barnwell, Bethea, Bolt, Boyd, Brice, Busbee, Charles, Clement, Courtney, Dantzler, De Laughter, Evans, Greer, Hunter, Johnston, Kirk, Lee, Liles, Lumpkin. McMaster, McQueen, Means. Melfi. Nicholson. Peagues, Riddle, Ritten berg, Walter M. Scott, Senseney, Shirley, Smiley, Thompson. Tindal, Vander Horst, C. T. Wyche, You mans, Zeigbar-38. Nays-Speaker Smith, Addy. J. W. Ashley, M. J. Ashley, Blackwell. Bowers, Browning, Burgess, Cross, Daniel, Fortner, Friday, Gasque, Goodwin. Gray, Haile, Hall, Hardin, H. F. Harrelson, M. C. Harrelson, Harvey, Holley, Hutson, Irby, James. Jones, Kelly, Kennedy, Kirby, Ly brand, McDonald, Miley, Miller, Mix son. Moore, Moseley, Murray, Nelson, Odom, Pyatt, Ready, Riley, Robert son, Robinson, W. S. Rogers Jr.. Sapp, W. W. Scott, Sherwood, Stan ley, Strickland, Sturkie, Summers, Walker, Warren, Welch. White. Whitehead, Wilburn, C. C. Wyche 59. After the House refused to kill the bill the first amendment voted on was Mr. Stanley's which provided for more complete segregation than school teaching. The House, hovw ever, killed Mr. Stanley's amendme'nt by a vote of 34 to 65. The vote he ig as follows: Yeas-J. WV. Ashley, Barnwell, Bethea, Boyd, Brice, Charles, Clem ent, Courtney, DeLaughter, Fripp'. 1-arvey, Hunter, Kirk, Liles. Lump kin, McMaster, McQueen. Means. Mel fi, Nichalson, Pegues, Rliley. Ritten berg. Senseney, Sherwood. Shirley. tanley, Thompson, Vander H-orst, Warren. C. T. Wyche, Zeigler-34. Nays-Speaker M. L. Smith. Addy. T'. M. Ashley, Atkinson, Blackwell. Powers, Browning, Burgess, Creech. ross, Daniel, Dantzler, Dick, Fort er. Friday, Gasque, Goodwin, Gray, Greer, Haile, Hall, Hardin, H. F. Harrelson, M. C. Harrelson. Harvey, Jutchinson. Hutson, Irby Jr., James. Iohnston, Jones, Kellehan. Kelly, Kennedy, Kibler, Kirby. Kirk, Ly >rand, McCravey. McDonald, McMi! an. Malpass, Miley, Miller, Mixson. Josley, Murray, Nelson. Odom. Dyatt, Robertson. Robinson. W. S. logrs Jr., Sapp, W. W. Scott, Smnil-1 'y, Strickland, Sturkie. Summers. rindal. Walker Jr.. White. White ind Pr.. Wilburn, C. C. Wychie, You nans-G. . This was, perhaps, the final test on he proposition, although several oth-I -r roll calls were taken, but they were Lot significant. Mr. Hunter proposed that the .medment that negro chauffeurs ,nd drivers be included in the provi ions of the bill. This was killed by .vote of 43 to 60. The House then dopted the amendment which reads: Provided, that nothing in this Act hal be construed to prohibit the ae.chng of the Bible and religious sterm " This amandment was of THEY TOOK IT ALL BACK THE ASYLM REGENTS PASS TWO RESOLUTIONS. - Make Serious Charges About a Lady Physician and Then Take it All Back. The resolution passed by the board of regents of the Asylum in December criticising Dr. 3abcock and his lady assistant, Dr. Saunders, and the set passed in January exonerating Dr. Saunders, which action Senator Crouch denounced as "cowardly" and scored so severely, played an import ant part in the Senate Friday morn ing in the discuasion on the resolu tion to invesigate the Asylum. What one Senator termed as a lift ing of the corner of the "veil of mys tery" which envelops the seething caldron at the Asylum, is contained in the following copies of the reso lutions by the board of regents com posed of Dr. J. H. Taylor, of Colum bia; J. A. Summersett, of Columbia; J. D. Bivens. of Dorchester County: Dr. W. L. Settlemeyer, of Gaffney, and Dr. T. A. Carouthers, of Rock Hill, chairman. All but Dr. Taylor are appointees of Governor Blease. First Resolution. The first resolution of the board of regents of the hospital, passed Jan uary 14, 1914, as certified to by J. V. Bunch, secretary, is as follows: "Whereas complaints have been made to us individually and as a body that certain friction among the offi cials of this institution is now in ex istence and has been for some time. and "Whereas various members of the medical staff reported to us that Dr. Saunders was interfering, meddling with them and thereby hampering them in the discharge of their duties; and "Whereas, this board did on the 12th day of December. 1913. hold an executive sesson and have before it Superintendent Babcock, Drs. Saun d'ers. Grifiith, Tliompson. FnImer and Toole. and hold their various state nmients in reference to said matte-: "Whereas. at said mreeting. Dr. Paunders admitted that she had boon takinz lessons under Dr. Cooper in a artain brnnch of the medical depart ment, and that Dr. Cooper had fre onientlv ben on the promises and in the briblin- of the sid institution after he had been defnated as an ofs :er thereof and after the superinto'n ent had been requested to kep him off said premises and out of said building; now, therefore, be it re solved: "First. That this board deplores the action of Dr. Saunders in inter ferinA with the other members of the medioal staff in the aischarge of their riunis and that the members of this "eard hereby place upon record thei! condemnaticr of her continually hav ing Dr. Cooper in the institution in diret violation of the wishes of this board of regents. "Rlesolved, second, That this board do tind that Dr. Saunders has been continually interfering with the other members of the medical staff in the discharge of their~ duties and in fact preventing Dr. Blackburn from the proner discharge of his duties and otherwise viotlating the proprieties of the position which she holds. "Resolved, third. That while this hoard does not request at present the resignation of Dr. Saunders that the same would be very acceptable to them and that they think from the friction that is evident in said insti tution that it is her duty to resign and that said resignation would do more to bring about peace and har mony in the institution and amone the employes thereof than any other action they could conceive of. "Resolved. fourth. That this board desires to place itself upon record as condemning the conduct of the su perintendent, Dr. 3. W. Babcock, in upholding Dr. Saunders in her de fiance of the rules and wishes of this board." Second Resolution. The second resolution of the board of regents, passed January 15. 1914, and certified to by J. WV. Bunch, sec retary, follows: "Whereas, 0. L. Saunders has pre sented a petition asking for a reopen ing of the investigation of charges against Dr. Saunders for interfering with other nmembers of the medical ~taff of this institution, and whereas. this miatter has been thoroughly in estigat'd at a previous meeting, as resolution adopted this day shows; and "Whereas, there are no charges from any, source before this board or under investigation by this board as to the moral character of the said Dr. Saunders, or as to her ability to per form the duties of the office she is hol ding: "!1e it resolved, That this board is of the opinion that it is for the best itrcsts of the said inettuton and or' the best interests of this lady that this en ia matter be closed and thec name be OVmuissedl. "Resolved, further. That this board puts itself on record as stating that o charges whatever fromi any source have becn made to them or by themi or through themn as to the moral eb'aracter' and personal standing of Dr. Saunders. "Resolved, further, That the peti tion of Mr. Saunders is repsectfully declined, and that, so far as this oard is concerned the entire matter stands at an end." fered by Mr. James and had no oppo sition. Mr. Vander Hlorst then offered his amnment pro;'iding that the bill shouhl no aply to Charleston. This was last on a ile vote. Mr. Thrtner tried to get Mr. Lee's amendmenat, which provedl to be the ioker in the situation, ruled out, but the s''akcer h.eld that the H-ousel ;ouAld hve to dlecide for itself. Wh'len it ame' 'o a show-down, the Lee amendmen'tt, which applies to inti m'cy of the races, was adopted *on :na aye and nay vote of 100 to noth-1 Mr. TL's tried to get an amend ent through making the bill appiy o women, so that men might con- 1 tine to teach in colored sch'.os 1 This was lost hy a vote of 4G to 5?..Ii Mr. Rittenberg tried a joker. byj 1 which he sought to prohibit negroes I) wvorking on farms owned by whiteIf eople, but this did not get even as i ar as a division vote, being killed on MUST fIGHT TICK STRONi APPEALS IN BEHALF OF THE FARMERS SOME STIRRINf TALKS Several Speakers Trge the General Assembly to Help Fight the Cattle Tick--Ask Members to Appropriate Forty Thousand Tdllars to Fight the Pest in This State. The United States goverrment rep re.-sntatives and Clemson college joned in appealing to the general assembly to unite with them in the work of fighting the cattle tick in Scuth Carolina, to prepare for build ir- up a live stock industry, and tI s preparing for the dreaded boll w evil, which leaves devastation and ix-nt in its wake. "You will have to climb the moun t'ns of prejudice and wade through s( is of ignorance and misinformation in impressing upon the people the c: Isis which confronts them," dra nu tically exclaimed Congressman A. F. Lever in a masterly appeal for the p:.ssr'"e of the appropriation of $40, 0-0 to help in the fight to free South C roina from the cattle tick. Co ngressncan Lever drew applause when he declared that if the general atsembly would appropriate $40,000 the Federal government would sup plement the fund with a like amount, and thus help in saving one million dollars a year to the cattle growers of this State. "This is a little, but ambitious, State," declared Mr. Lever in saying that he did not believe South Carolina would lag in the pro gressive legislation now being enact ed all over the country. The members of the legislature and visitors broke into mighty cheer ing when the Seventh district con gressman spoke of the dawn of a new era which had come with the ad ministration of Prerident Wilson and in predicting a great era of prosper ity and advancement. Mr. Lever referred to the passage of the Smith-Lever agricultural ex tension bill by congress, and said that it would mean a great boost for tho agricultural industry of the na tion. le called on the legislators to help the farmer, and said that he was convinced that would display states manship by preparing for the coming of the .boll weevil by passing the ap propriation for fighting the cattle tick. President W. 1M. Riggs of Clemson college told of the work which the college had done in assisting in the wvork of tick eradication, but showed that the $40,000 could not be taken out of the fund of the college for this work without crippling other public advancement which was being car ried on. He showed that the college was now appropriating nearly $S,000 yearly for the tick eradication, and how in the last six years it had :,pexnt about $50,000 in this work in the up country in conjunction with about $108,000 spent by the Federal gov-1 emnent. He said that the college' was ready and willing to do anything it could to advance the interests of the farmers and the people, but that the budget for the coming year call ed for $290,000, while the income from the fertilizer tag tax amounted to only about $22U,000. He told of where the money was spent, as in carrying on the farm demonstration work, in providing for scholarships at Clemson, in fertilizer inspection and analysis, in carrying on the work of the branch stations at Summer ville and Florence and in running the college and teaching the eight hun dred and fifty young men at the In stitution. He thanked the general assembly for the consideration they had always shown Clemson college. Shows Value to State... Dr. E. M. Nighbert, the inspector In charge to tick eradication work. with headquarters in Atlanta, told of how the work of eradicating the eittle tick had begun in North Car olina 20 years ago, how the general campaign in 1906 had been carried forward with such fine results. and how the cattle tick prever-ted the building up of a live stock industry. He estimated that South Carolina was producing enough cotton seed meal to feed and fatten 230,000 head of cat tie annually, and by carrying on the campaign in a systematic manner the tick should be eradicated in a short time. H-e said that Tennessee was freed fronm tick at the cost of about $250,000 and had saved over $2.000. 000 yearly. He stated that an area of 200.000 square miles h d been freed since 1 906, and that the little farmer was the one interested, as he was the one who fed and clothed the na tion. HeT said, "First free the coun try of the cattle tick and the live stock industry would be developed."' Urges Prompt Action. Mr. B3. H. Rawl, of the bureau of animal industry in the agricultural department at Washington, brought home in a clear way the need for prompt action in fighting the cattle tick. Hie showed that whereas the West formerly grew more corn and I raised more cattle than the nation could use, that ranges had disappear ed and now the nation was looking to the South. He quoted statistics to show a decrease in cattle raising. and stated that whereas in 18S90 beef attle in Chicagro sold for 4 1-2 cents., per pound on the hoof. it nowv brings ine cents a pound. He stated that south Carolina can raise erass and|I >ther feed necessary for the cattle in-1 lustry, and they must first get rid of' he cattle tick. He said there were hirty counties below the quarantine inc, others having been fre fromi he cattle tiek. These comprime thet ~OUnties in the middle and souither~n. ections of the State, and he quoted tatistics to prove hi; assertions of C he enormous cost these people were mduring from the infection of the: ick. According to Mr. Rawl the coun les below the quarantine line cam irise 21.824 square miles. the coun ies which have been cleaned of the. ick amount to S.615 square miles. d {e said that estimates made on care- ll ul experimnents showed that the cost r a these 30 counties from the preval-- d, nce of the cattle tick amouinted in P 211 podcton o 42,00; edc- b CHOOLS FOR WORKS CHE HOUSE PASSES BILL ESTAB - LISHING THEM. )ne School is Allowed Each County Having Two Thousand Cotton Mill Operatives. Textile and industrial schools In ounties in which there are more than 2,000 mill operatives were pro. vided for by the House Friday after xtended debate. The textile and In dustrial school bill was introduced by Mr. Haynsworth. As passed by the House to third reading, the meas ure says that the State shall appro priate $5,000 for the establishment of the schools in counties with the required population of mill operative and not more than $5,000 each year for the maintenance of the schools. The Haynsworth bill was opposed chiefly on the ground that it would benefit only a few counties in the Piedmont section. The advocates o: the measure declared that the school would enable the mill operatives tc get an education and at the same time earn their living by working it the mills. The school at Spartanburg, main tained at the Spartan mills by the Methodist denomination, was cited a. an instance of successfully combining the earning of a living with the learn ing of the textile art. After extended debate the measur came to a vote. The House refusee to strike out the enacting words by E vote of 67 to 40. On the motion t( strike out the enacting words of th Haynsworth bill the vote stood: Ayes - Addy, Bolt, Burgess Charles, Courtney, Cross, Dantzler Delaughter, Epps. Gasque Hall, Har din, Harvey, Holley, Hunter, John ston, Kelley, Kirk, Liles, Lybrand McQueen, Malpass, Massey, Miley Murray, Nelson, Ready, Riley, Rob ertson. Sapp, Sanders, Sherwood Smiley, Stanley, Strickland, Sturkie White, Whitehead, Zeigler-40. Nays-Speaker Smith J. W. Ash ley, M. J. Ashley, Atkinson, Barnwell Baskin, Bethea, Bowers. Boyd Browning. Brice, Busbee, Clement Creech, Dick, Evans, Fortner, Friday Fripp Goodwin, Gray, Greer, Haile H. F. Harrelson M. C. Harrelson Haynsworth, Hutchinson, Hutson Irby, James. Jones, Kennedy, Kirby Lee, Long, Lumpkin, McDonald, Mc Master, McMillan, Means, Melfi, Mil ler, Mixson, Moore Moseley, Mower Nicholson, Odom, Pegues, Pratt, Rid dIe, Rittenburg Robinson W. S. Rog ers, Jr., W. M. Scott, W. W. Scott Senseney, Shirley, Stevenson, Sum mers, Thompson, Tindal, Vandei Horst, Welch, Wilburn, C. C. Wyche C. T. Wyche, Youmans-67. After the insertion of a few amend. nients offered by Mr. Haynsworth the bill was passed to the third read. ing. tion by tanners in the prices of hides which had come from tick-infestet cattle, at $1.26 per hide, amountini to $25,000; the loss in selling valun of cattle from thc tick-Infested area estimated at $5 a head, equallet $101,000: detah loss, the majority o: which came from the ticks, $297,000 an estimated loss yearly of $1,000,. 000. He said this represented a loss of 6 1-2 cents an acre: that it took ar average of 1.8 cents an acre to eradi cate the tick from the 216,000 squari miles. and the average cost in the counties cleaned In Soutb Carolina was 2.8 cents per acre. In Darling ton and MIarlboro counties, he stated the ticks were eradicated at costs c1 .4 and .6 cents an acre, and that th4 infested area in the State can be cleaned at an outlay of 2.8 cents at acre, or about $400,000, and thu! save 3.7 cents an acre. Boll Weevil Is Coming. Telling how the boll weevil came into Texas some fifteen years ago leaving ruin and desolation in it! wake, and how it had steadily crept across the South until today it is or the western border of Georgia, Mr. Rawl estimated that it would reach this State at the outside in five years. He showed how cotton production had been cut from 1,000,000 bales a yar in ouiLsiana to 400,000 with the -oming of the boll weevil, and how ten counties in Mississippi had drop ped from 262,486 bales of cotton in 106, the first year the weevil ap peared, to 38,133 in 1912. The weevil, he said, had r-.elled rom Western Texas to the Georgia ondry, a distance of 050 miles, in ifteen years, and that it was certainly oming to South Carolina, as it was mpossible to kill it or stop its march. FR appealed to the General Assembly :o prepare for the dreaded boll weevil >y eradicating the cattle tick and hus building up a live stock indus ry, so when the weevil comes and he farmers are no longer able to -aie cotton they can turn to cattle tnd thus save them from ruin and lesolation. He painted a vivid and onvincing picture and his earnest ~es clearly made its impress upon he legislators. The H-ouse passed a rising vote of hanks to the speakers. Congress nan Lever held a regular levee after he adjou rnment. Every legislator and visitor pressing to shake his and. The other visitors were given .cordial welcome and there is evi ence in Columhia that the appro ration for $40.000 for fighting the attle tick will likely go through. FLEES BEFORE MOBS. )khahoma Sheriff Spirits Prisoner Fronm Two County Jails. Forced to remove his prisoner romf two county jails Monday be :use of threatened mob violence, hriff flinion of Oklahoma City, ka., Monday night hurried Ben icrson, a negro, in an automobile a secret hiding place. Dickerson charged with the murder of W. A. haffin. sales manager in Oklahoma r a cereal company, who was shot >dath by a highwayman after he ad een robbed of his money and* i uables. To Restrict Pardon Power. A joint resolution has been intro-i ced in the House. providing that te governor may adopt or reject a eomdendation by the board of par ns but can not grant a pardon or trole unless recommended by the 1SMITH IS PLEASED SEES SAVINGS FOR FARMER IN NEW GRADING PLAN MUST BE STANDARDIZED Cotton Tests Conducted by the Gov ernment Shows That There is an Incredible Difference in the Selling Value of the Various Grades and Their Textile Worth. Senator Cmith of South Carolina the other day visited the office of Dr. Co.bb of the. department of agricul ture to see a demonstration of the work inaugurated under'the appropri ation obtained by him in the last agricultural appropriation bill, "to be. used in testing the waste, tensile strength, and bleaching qualities of the different grades of cotton as stan dardized by the government." The work contemplated in this amendment was carried on by the de partment at Clemson College, Dan ville and in Washington. The result has more than met the expectation of Senator Smith in demonstrating that the difference in the spinning value of the different grades, as stan dardized by the government, is not nearly so great as the difference now fixed by the cotton trade. The differ ence in the yarns made from good or dinary, the lowest, grade under the government standardization, and middling fair, the highest grade un der the government standardization of upland coton, is practicaly negli gible. 'the cost of bleaching good ordinary, and each of the grades higher is practically the same. The waste in converting the different grades into yarn is considerably larg er in the lower grades, to wit, mid dling, strict good ordinary, and ordi nary, but the commercial value of this waste appears to be the same. These tests which are now prac tically ready to be demonstrated and distributed throughout the country establish the fact that the farmers of the country have lost millions of dollars because of the want of this knowledge. It is claimed by an ex port that the state of Texas alone this season has lost approximately $40, 000,000. From this estimate, it would be a safe estimate to say that South Carolina has lost perhaps a million this year. Senator Smith is introducting an amendment, intended to be proposed by him to the agricultural bill, re quiring the department of agriculturc, to furnish a set of the standard sam ples, as fixed by the government, free of cost to every shipping point in the cotton growing section which ships a sufficient number of bales an nually to justify the use of a set of these samples; and also to furnish each shipping point, either with the bulletin setting forth, the spinning value of each grade as ascertained by the recent tests, or a set of yarns bleached and unbleached, made from each sample, with such other prod ucts as were obtained from the test from each grade, so that those who sell cotton may be able to determine for themselves what their grades are and the value of these grades as com pared with each of the other grades. To illustrate, if middling should be quoted as worth 13 cents, by refer ence to the buletin setting forth the finding of the department , the value of ordinary would be readily deter mined. So also, as indicated above, if middling was worth 13 cents, and the tensile strength, as tested by the gov ernment, the cost of bleaching and the amount of waste from good ordi nary being determined should amount to 70 points, or 70 cents per 100 more than for middling, then the dif ference between middling and good ordinary would be $3.50 per bale. A telegram received some time ago by Senator Smith in response to an in quiry of the New York Exchange as to the difference fixed by the ex change between good ordinary and .middling was to the effect that a dif ference of 300 points, equal to $15 per bale was made. Therefore, once the grade was determined, the value of that grade as compared with the price of middling could be ascertain ed fairly and impartially by both the farmer and the buyer, as a result of this work. Senator Smith, in speaking of the work, said: Unless these samples, I that is, a set of the government grades are obtainable for every ship ping point, together with a result of the findings of the department, the value of these tests will not be fully available to the cotton grower. To illustrate this, the government has decided that 16 Inches shall make a yard; if only one store or three or four only in South Carolina had a yard stick, those who would buy In the stores which had ne yardstick would be at the mercy of the mer chant. Therefore it is essential that every shipping point should have a set of these grades and the findings of the department under these tests, as it is that every buyer and seller should be furnished with a yard stick or a standard set of scales. "So gratifying are these results that I propose now to have stains and tinges standardized and their rel ative spinning values, too, determin ed, in order to encompass the entire cotton business. The department, as above stated, has demonstrated the relative cost of converting each grade into yarn, the relative cost of bleach ing each grade, and the amount of waste in each, thereby fixing the spin ning value of each grade. This is dccomplishedl and done, and the only thing now to do is to see that he farmers of the country have this knowledge in a practical way, which I I believe will be accomplished by hay- s ing a set of these samples placed atr each shipping point, andl the relative D value of the different grades, as de t termined by the department, furnish- s ed each shipping point. I hope that C each legislature in every cotton grow- a ng state will pass a law requiring ~ very buyer to comfort his grading t o the government standardization, so hat there may be a uniformity of rades and an ultimate uniformity of rices of each. If this be done, the fi otton farmers of the South will be h he beneficiaries-and benetilclaries ti n the sense that means the saving of n BRYAN PRAISES WILSON SECRETARY OF STATE 1MARES SPEECH IN NEW YORK. Says Administration's Efforts Will Result in Lower Cost of Living and Better Trade. President Wilson's policy towards business and proposed legislation af fecting trusts promise a lower cost of living at home and increased inter national trade, William J. Bryan, secretary of state, Monday night de clared in an address before the American Asiatic society at New York. Secretary Bryan discussed the administration's attitude toward foreign commerce, the tariff and cur rency reform measures and its poli cies toward private monopoly and the Chinese loan. Alluding to the government's proposed regulation of trusts and the probable effect, Mr. Bryan said: "The president has outlined a re form whose influence can not be bounded by national lines. He hag declared war on private monopoly' and this means the investment of capital that has hitherto been fright ened away from industrial fields. If the new policy results in a reduction in the size of corporations that have become overgrown, it will mean a large number of independent and competing enterprises and this com petition will mean a better article at a lower price. "It is worth while to inquire whether monopolization has not nec essarily resulted in the restriction of exports. In proportion as industries rest upon their own merits rather than upon legislative favor, just In that proportion will they be strength ened for successful contest with com petitive Industries throughout the world." The authorization of international banks under the currency law will stimulate foreign trade in the Orient and throughout South America, Sec retary Bryan said, and the new tariff means a larger international com merce, of which the "Orient will have her share". The secretary's discussion of the Chinese loan- was made subsegent to a speech by Willard Straight, preul dent of the society, who said that many merchants interpreted the. president's policy to mean that the American government would not ex tend to bankers the support which those familiar with trade conditions in China consider necessary. In reply Secretary Bryan said: "The new administration in with drawing approval from the Chinese loan did not question the good faith or good intent of those who had seen In it a means of increasing prestige and commercial power in China. The president believed that a different policy was more consistent with the American position and that It would in the long run ;be more advantage ous to our commerce. It would not be 'fair to attribute a' falling off in trade, to which reference has been made, to the change in policy, be cause the new policy has not yet had time to bear fruit, even if political conditions had been entirely favor able." WORKED SLICK TRICK. Passed Off as Another and Bought Goods With Bogus Check. Monday morning early a young man of respectable appearance walk ed into the Jones dry goods store at .Dillon, handed the proprietor a list and asked him If he could fill It, as he would have to give a check for the amount and, therefore, preferred buying all the articles from the same place. Mr. Jones, upon making in quiry as to the man's identity, etc., was promptly informed that he was the son of Mr. A. C. Thompson of Conway and the check would be drawn on the National Bank of Con way. While the customer was being waited on two long distance calls were put in, one for the above-men tioned bank, the other for Mr.' Thompson. The ,bill amounted to about $45, and a reply coming promptly from the Conway bank that any check from Mr. Thompson's son would be honored, young "Thomp son" proceeded to pack the goods in a small suit case, except a pair of shoes and rain coat, which he failed to get in with the rest of the articles purchased. These, he stated, he would call for later. He then strap ped the suit case to the rear of a bicycle, which he mounted, and took thA side of the railroad towards Hamer. Shortly after he had gone a mes sage camne from Mr. Thompson, In forming Mr. Jones that he had two sons, the one was with him and the other off at school. Sheriff Lane of Dillon, being immediately notified of the atfair, boarded Atlantic Coast Train No. 80, which was just then coming In, and got off at Hamer, feel ing confident that he would get there ahead of his man, which he did. Soon the young man on the bicycle with the suit case, just as he had left Dillon. rode up. Mr. Lane took 'harge of him and brought him back ,ith a team he had sent on to Hamer >efore leaving Dillon, lodging him in lail, where he awaits trial on a se 'ious charge. The prisoner's father, tMr. Connor, was notified and he trrived in Dillon Tuesday.* "CRlAPS" ROW FATAL. Alleged Cause of Killing on Beach Island in Aiken County. Sunday afternoon about 5 o'clock heriff Howard, of Aiken, received rord that negro had been killed at leach Island. Upon reaching the cene It was found that Joree Bar ett had killed A. B. Hart on the lace of Mr. Dawson Atinson about tiree o'clock. From all accounts it eems that the killing was the result f trouble which started during a name of craps. It was some time fter reaching Beech Island before 1e negro was found. Fire on Vessel for Four Days. The steamship Santa Cecilia, bound 'o New York to San Francisco put to Los Angeles, Saturday, reporting ie destruction of 2,000 tons of her terchandise, approximately 25 per