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BOYS SENT HOME, Clemson Faculty Dismisses Over 300 Students In All For APRIL FOOL FROLIC. The Decision Was Announced at th< Wednesday Morning Drill. Presi dent Mell and Commandant Miniuv. Makes Talks to the Cadets Tell ing Them of the Need for Preserv ing Discipline. Two hundred and fifty-seven stu dents of Clemson College were dis missed on Wednesday morning fron: the institution. This number. wit' the forty-eight members of the jun for class dismissed the Saturda. morning before, aggregatesthree hun dred and five cadets dismissed OL account of the all-fools day escapade when three hundred and nine boyt absented themselves from the cam. pus and all duties from early in tb morning until late in the evening. O' the three hundred and nine boys oniy four were not dismissed. These were E. B. McCrady. of Charleston, B. T Knight,, of Chesterfield, J. H. Hay den of Orangeburg, and J. R. Fize: of Durchester. On account of enten uating circumstances in their cases these young men were punished in some other way than by dismissal. At the regular morning drill tb i names of the participants were calleL and they dropped out as they hear( their names called. After all the property had been turned in to the quartermaster the boys as directed b Commandant Minus, assembled in thp ehapel. After all the cadets of the institu tion were seated and after the regula: chapel services were concluded PreF Ident Mell arose and in a few word: announced that he was extremely sor ry that the escapade had occurred He was very .sorry, he said, that th' guilty boys would have to be deal with severely, but discipline was at solutely necessary and the colleg, authorities must be obeyed by th' cadets. After President Mell had conclud ed Commandant Minus addressed the cadets along the same lines as Dr Mell. When he had concluded be handed Cadet Adjutant Tindall an crder to be published at once. Thi order provided for the dismissal fror the college of 43 members of the pre paratory class, 132' members of the freshman class and 82 members o: the sophmore class. The laws of Clemson college prohibit expulsion Dismissal means that the connectior with Clemson college of the 257 ca dets dismissed is permantly absolved These cadets may enter other college: in or out of South Carolina. The members of the disciplinc committee have just gone through the hardest experience they have ev * er had. They have been patient ani have heard every cadet under the serious charge. They have worker deliberately and with the determina tion of wronging no man. T heir ac tion in dismissing the cadets was bas ed on the testimony of the individual cadets as to the circumstances sur rounding each case. A heavy load has been lifted from the hearts of the committee members. They have acted conscientiously throughout the entire trouble. Following is a list of the cadets by classes who were dismissed from the college Wednesday. Preparatory Class. R. B. Alverson, Union; R. 0. At kinson, Chester; E. T. Boulware. Fairfield; J. R. Boulware, Fairfield: 3. M. Bradberry, Anderson; 3. L. Brown, Conee; H. S. Clark. Flor ence; E. Cromer, Anderson; H. E. Durant, Clarendon; F. T. Ellenberg. Abbeville; 3. P. Fellers, Newberry; S. A. Gandy, Darlington; E. L. Holi day, Greenville; J. W. Holiday, Greenville; 3. L. Kee, Chester; T. A. Kirby, Cherokee; S. L. Lenoir, Sum ter; M. M. Reames, Sumter; E. A. Schillotter, Oconee: W. Rt. Simmons, Lauredft; L. L. Boyleston. Aiken; B. F. Parks, G. D. Blackwell, Edgefield; B. L. Boulware, Laurens; H. A. Her iot,'Lee; L. K. Hires, Colleton; G. E. Lomax, Abbeville; B. C. Truluc'e, Florence; F. 3. Villepontraux, Berke ley; S. M. Webb, Saluda; J. A. White; G. F. Garlington, Spartanburg; S. S. Abell; L. S. Anderson. Colleton; 3. T. Armstrong, Laurens; T. E. Bell. Lee; F. L. Dalton, Greenville; W. H. Fer guson, Chester; P. Gaillard, Hamp ton; J. R. Griffs, Edgefield; M. Ham er, Marlboro; R. A. Hamilton, Ches ter. Freshman Class. . S. M. Connor, Colleton; 3. R. Ez elI, Spartanburg; J. G. Harris, Laur ens; W. D. Keasler, Anderson; T. P. Nisbet, Lancaster; B. F. Owens, Barnwell; W. C. Patrick, Hampton; H. B. Pitts, Sumter; T. C. Redfern, Oconee; 3. W. Rhyme. Cherokee; R. L. Ellis. Charleston: G. G. Inman, Cheroke'; E. S. Jenkins, Berkeley; J. H. Mappus, Charleston; H. T? Pros ser, Williamsburg; R. W. Scott; 3. T. Shirler. Anderson; E. C. DuBose, Lee; H. Fulmer; 3. W. Gantt. An derson; H. W. Harvey, Berkeley; W. W. Herbert, Newberry; J. F. -Keel, Barnwell; J. P. Parks, Laurens; L. B. Parris, Spartanburg; B. T. Rice, Barnwell; C. P. Rican; C. A. Sanders, York; F. F. Stokes; H. E. Vincent., Hampton; B. R. Bacot, Charleston; L. D. Boone, Orangeburg; H. W. Cromer, Abbeville; F. A. DePorters, Fairfield; J. C. Dupree, Laurens; C. S. Evans, Oconee; W. D. Ezell, Spar tarburg; B. P. Folk. Bamberg; W. R. Gray, Laurens; L. C. Haskel, Abbe . -'"e; J. J. Hunter, Laurens; C. S. Lev'es. Richland: E. W. Nettles, Dar liu;on: K. M. Yoder; S. E. Boozer, Chai worrn: 0. P. Earle. Spartanburg; A. P. l-ent. Anderson; C. R. Giliar, Bamberg: L. M. Kay. Pickens; C. E. Kitchens. Chester; G. M. McGreg or, Anderson; R. Morr-ison, Spartan burg: WV. R. Wright. Fairfield: J. W. Black. Darlington: C. V. Fairey. Or angeburg; P. S. Hale, Charleston; D.! M. Mackintosh. Charleston; R. J. Mackintosh, Richland; W. M. Morra'l, Colleton; A. J. Ryley, Bamberg; F. E. Schroder, Charleston; L. P. Tobin, Barnwell: F. A. Williford, Anderson; L. M. Williford, Anderson; H. M. Woodward, Barnwell; F. H. All. Barnwell: 3. 0. Garland, Clarendon J. G. Lawton, Hampton; L.- C. Mc Clure, Union; J. Nance, Newiserry; R. A. Ott: W. E. Stokes, Bamberg: R. S. Wolf, Orangeburg; A. C. Bolt Laurens; C. E. Byrd, Darlington; p.1 VERY STRANGE CASE. PREACHER ARPESTED FOR MUR DER AT BRANCKY1LLE. By a Pretended Detective and CArried to Bamberg, Where the Pretended Detective Disapp" -s. Branchville had a genuine sensa tion on Tuesday when Rev. William Jefferson. alias William Blackman. color:,. was arrested there, charged witL the mnurder of his wife and two children in Alabama in 1902. The arrest was made by W. B. Williams, Jr., a colored detective of Bamberg ounty. Rev. Jefferson (as the breth ren call him) has been preaching to his people at Branchville for the past two years and seemed to be well hought of by his congregation, but alas, murder will ou:. It is reported that Rev. Jefferson hose as his text on Sunday the fol owing scripture: "Thoy shalt not kill." It is reported that there was a reward of $300 offered by the State of Alabama for the arrest of Jefferson and that his reputation in Alabama Is not at all good. It is further said that when the de tective found Jefferson and ordered him to throw up his hands that in stead of doing as commanded by the ,ffilcer that he attempted to resist ar rest and that the officer fired at him with a shot gun and hit him in the abdomen with several small shot The correspondent of The State at Bamberg says "the case of Rev. Wil liam Jefferson, alias William Black man, has been discussed here on ac count of the fact that he is in in the county jail here and is in a very precarious condition. The other ne gro, B. W. Williams, Jr., who claimed to be a detective and made the ar rest of Jefferson on the charge of murder, has very mysteriously disap peared, and that without claiming any reward, though according to his own statement there is a reward of $300. "Jefferson says that Williams call ed him out to see some pictures and when he went that Williams said 'you are my prisoner' and without more ado shot him in the abdomen. Jeffer son says that he has never been- in Alabama and that he is of the opin ion that Williams must have had some private grudge against him. He also claims that he has never committed any crime. "All search for the accuser in the case fails to reveal his whereabouts. When Williams had taken the injured man to Magistrate Zeigler he left for somewhere, but where is unknown. The shooting occurred in Orangebur county and should be handled by the authorities of that county according to law, but the condition of the wounded man may not warrant his removal at this time." This seems to have been an out rageous affair, and shold be sifted to the very bottom. Williams, the ne gro, who shot the preacher, should be apprehended and made to answer for his crime. Did he have a war rant? If .he dd, where did he get it, and on whose affidavit was it issued? These are questions that should be looked into. ington; J. T. Lazar, Barnwell; S. G. Venning, Charleston; L. W. Corb'ett, Lee; R. Lebby, Charleston; S. A. Milee, Richland; W. S. Rogers, Rich land;' E. A.'Sompayr,ac, Darlington; W. IL Stevenson, Fairfield: J. M. Sturdyvin, Greenville; J. J. Wheeler; F. P. Wichman, Colleton; J. L. Crowther, Anderson; W. A. Edmunds, Edgefield; M. P. Epps; J. C. Fitzsimi mons, Charleston; J. M. George. An' derson; P. P. Gregorie, Charleston: H. G. Hamlin, Anderson; G. L. Mar shall, Greenwood; H. S. Wakefield, Anderson; E. W. Webb, Greenwood; H. G. Boynton, Barnwell; J. H. Gage, Union; A. E. Gilmore, Union; W. N. Ginn, Hampton; J. E. Mitchell, Char leston; W. G. Perry, Greenville; F. L. Reese, Abbeville; W. S. Rents, Hampton.; A. M. Robertson, Abbe ville; J. H. Rogers, Newberry; F. B. Sandifer, York; S. M. Brown, Ander son; E. 0. Connor, Colleton; J. C. rouch; J. J. Cudd, A. B. Parker, Sumter; A. C. Shell, Laurens; R. A. Stribling, Oconee; H. W. Anderson, Walterboro; H. C. Beaty, Charleston; .F. Boyd, Spartanburg; 0. R. Cohen, Charleston; M. B. Elkins, Union; W. Foster; S. F. Loeky, Anderson; C. F. Lunz, Charleston; D. B. Miller, Rich land; J. H. Willoughby, Florence. Sophomore Class. D. C. Beaty, Union; A. J. Becker. Spartanburg; IL N. Colclough, Claren don; E. E. Epting, Anderson; W. A. Friday, Union; W. M. Haynesworth2, Florence; McL. Hodge, Clarendon; C. F. Inman, Cherokee; F. H. Jeter, Union; E. Parker, -Sumter; S. Swy gert, Laurens; J. B. Keith, Florence; . S. -Knox, Oconee; E. H. Pinckney, Charleston; J. S. Pyatt, Georgetown; L. D. Rogers, Darlington; F. S. Thaom ason, Spartanburg; 0. T. Sand-rs, Sumter; A. F. Simpson, Laurens: F. E. Rogers, Darlington; W. C. Bolt, Laurens; B. K. Boyle~iton, Aiken; R. E. Bowen, Pickens; H. P. Cooper, Fairfield; C. A. Dukes; Or .angeburg; 0. 0. Dukes. Dorchester; S. E. Evans, Clarendon; G. P. Gard ner,- Barnwell; B. B. Harris. Ander-. son; J. W. Henagan, Orangeburg: T. G. Hope, York; 'J. E. Jenkins, Rich and: L. S. Linder, Lexington; A. A. McKeown, Chester; J. A. Self, Edge: field; C. M. Sondley. Abbeville: F. E. Spears. Union: E. J. Thornhill, Dorchester; M. W. Arthur. Union; M. W. Beach. Colleton; B. L. Craw ford, York; R. M. Coleman. Fairfield; D. B. Giayton, Fairfield; WV. C. Crum, Orangeburg; E. I. Davis, Greenwood; H. S. Davis, Charleston; K. Easter-p ling. Marlboro: C. D. Evans. Abbe-I vile; G. C. Fant, Anderson; W. S. Goodman, Oconee; D. T. Hardin, Ab beville; J. WV. Harrison, Spartanburg;l N. C. Head, Aiken; W. H. Hester, Greenwood: B. F. Lawrence. York: A. W. Leland. Charleston: G. L. Mc-! Cord, Abbeville; J. H. Bull, Sumter; . H. Lipscomb, Cherokee; R. W. Lowery, Oconee; 0. P. McCord. Greenwood: H. H. Martin, Anderson; . McQ. Martin. Horry; J. C. Milling, Greenood: S. L. Miller. Chester; F. L. Marion. Chester; H-. WV. Brinson. Greenwood; W. L. Morrison, Charles: ton: W. H. Phillips. Orangeburg; A.6 . Ransom, Anderson: A. R. Smart. I York; C. H. Trott. Charleston; J. E. C. Boschoff. Charleston: A. M. Camp bell. Charleston: G. D. Ryan, Sumter: . N. Sitton. Anderson: S. B. Sulli van: C. P. Townsend, Marlboro; 0. L. Walter, Newberry; L. T. Wynd-1 ham, Berkeley; L. E. McAlpin, Abbe-j OWN UP LIKE MEN. THE DISMISSED CLEMSON CADETS MAKE MANLY STATEMENT. Acknowledge They Made Serious Mis take and Accepts Their Punishment As Just. To the Editor of The State: The newspaper reports of th rs ent trouble at Clemson college beig more or less incorrect and not alto gther fair and inpartial. we, the ndersigned ex-members of the jun ior class desire to give to the peopl' f the State what we conscientious"I believe to 'be a true and impa:tia; statement of the facts. We do rot believe that any one knowingly made an incorrect statement: but Nve do I know that some of the newspapl.' re orts were written by men '.ho kne%,, but little about the facrs which 1they attempted to state. Consequently, some blunders were made. an we ecn sider it our duty to the people of the l State to correct, as far as possible. these mistakes. Taking up these statements in ord er, we desire to make the foliowing corretions: 1. The newspaper articles referred to above stated that several o-ders and warnings were publtshed at re treat on the evening of March ".1st. As a matter of fact. only one order was published, and that called atten tion to paragraph 126 of the "Reg lations for the Government )f Ca dets." The order in question wa s as follows: "Headquarters Corps of Cadets. "Clemson Agricultural Col'ege. "Clemson College, S. C.. "March 31, 190S. "General Orders No. 42. "Par. 1. The attention of the corps o cadets is especially directed to par agraph 126 of 'The Regulations for the Government of Cadets,' which reads as follows: " 'Any cadet who leaves barracks. without authority at any time be tween retreat and reveille, shall be dismissed.' "By o-rder of Capt. Minus." As fa" as we have been able to find out, no one left barracks without authority during that time. The newspaper reports made it seem that this order was intended for the next day, when the order itself plainiy shows that it was not. 2. A statement was made that tele grams were sent to Prof. R. H. Fike informing him that his services were no longer needed. R. H. Fike is a cadet and not a professor: and the telegram was sent in a spirit of fun. merely to let Fike know that the participants were carrying on their April Fool celebration. Cadet Fike was in no way connected with the af fair. 3. The statement that the rest of the students were very indignant over the action of their comrades is a mis take, as practically the whole student body treated the matter as a joke. 4. Cadet T. S. Allen was not a lead er in the celebration. In fact, there were no leaders, everybody acting for himsslf. Cadet Allen did, after the juniors were dismissed from college. advise the rest of the students to re main at college, but did so because he thought that by using his in fluence he might help to prevent the lower classmen from leaving with the juniors. 5. There was also a slight mistake made as to the number of students in the junior class. '1 here were only 81 students in the class; 4S of these were dismnissed and one suspended. Of the rest, several were on the athe letic teams and would have gone on the "lark" had they not been per suaded by their classmates not to go. We do not wish to cast any reflec tion on any one; our purpose being to correct some statements that might create a wrong impression among the people of the State. In conclusion, we, the undersigned. wish to say to the people of this and other States that we, the dismiss ed cadets of Clemson'college, do now ~el the seriousness of the offense and think that the punishment received was just; and that we have absolute ly no :i1l feelings toward the action of the discipline committee of Clemson college. We realize that the mistake was a serious one but we do not feel that any disgrace attends our dismis . C. Twiggs, Jas. P. McMillan, E. A. Gardner, S. 0. Kelley, E. D. Clem ent, C. Y. Wigfali, .3. L. Dove, WV. 3. Sheely, T. Fulmer, L. C. Boone, D. C. Britt, L. A. Coleman. E. Chamness, B. G. Hunter, J. R. Pen nell, J. H. W\ilson. A. W. Kreamer, WV. L. Nance, WV. C. Spratt, T. H. .Yeargin, J. C. Covington, J. D. Murray, F. S. Gandy, M. R. Hirsch, .. L. Eason. R. E. Adams, G. A. Burton,. J. N. Loahholt, A. R. Hap poldt, E. S. Kohn. WV. C. Clarke. W. F. Odom, T. S. Allen, R. C. Dick, E. C. Haskell, W. A. Robin son, G. D. Bellinger, Jr., J. B. Simpson. W. D. Simpson. Jr., W. J. Brockington, R. E. Blake, D. WV. Watkins, F. B. Tarbor. H. H. Greene, P. Miley, A. Grier, F. B. Green, L. B. McCrady. C. H. Pen nell. W~ILL PUT IT BACK(. Certain Words to he Restored to the Jackson Monument. A dispatch from 31emphis. Tenn.. says the words "The Union Must Be Preserved." are to be restoredl to the monument of Andrew .Jackson in court house square. "D~uring thle civil war a local confederate patriot took a chisel and removevd the wvords from the monument." said Col. Gallo way, a member of the par'k commis sion. "Now that the civil war is long past, and we are all so prtoud~ of the union, it seems to me that it w'ould be only proper' to put the lan guaga back." Killinu: at Untdhamu's Ben Thompson. a negro employed by Dorhestetr Lumber Company. "'as kild at PBadham on Tuesday by an other negro namedl 'lom Middleton. Thompson entered the cabin of Mid dleton early that morning and short ly after a fight started between the i~wo and the ending as stated. Ed Lee. another negro. supposed to he mixed up in the affair, was c'aptured about five miles from the scene of the killing. Thompson's thProat was cut from ar to car. AS yet the po5sse sent out after Mid.dleton have not been abble to locate h-mi. PBadhams< s located between Reevesv'ille an 'I St c.n Gnrgn the Southern. FARMER'S FRIENDS. SOME BIRDS THEY SHOULD PRO TECT 1s They Destroy Insects, Weed Seed and Numerous Other Enemvies of the Farm. The substance of this artic!e is but i suniniary of an account of the work )f the Diological Survey of the De >ariment of Agriculture, prepared 'or the National Geographic Magazine )y 1A W. Henshaw. The Biological Survoy was estab ished in 1SS5, with Dr. C; IL Mer -lam as director. The relations of he bird to the crops were not then vell ind-lerstood. It is not enough. ays Mr. Henshaw. to be told thai iirds feed on insects: we nu, know he particular kinds they eat. 'he act that the crow sometimes eats orn is not sufficient evidence on hich to condemn the bird. We rust learn the nature of its food at ill times: hence the necessity for ,he examination of the birds stom ichs to learn not only the kinds of food eaten, but their relative quain titles. It is not enough to know that irds eat insects, or that they destroy rops. Birds are injurious at one time and not at another; in one re gion a pest: in another a blessing. The Tree Sparrow Beneficial. We may roughly group our small birds into two classes-the seed eat ers and the insect eaters. The seed eaters, mostly of the Sparrow family, have stout bodies and strong conical bills, especially designed for crushing seeds. T!"ir name is legion and the family con tains more species than any other group of birds. It is well that this is so, for the destruction of weed seed is of tremendous importance to the farmer, whose trouble to keep ahead of the weeds. great as it is now. would be vastly increased were it not for the soberly-clad and unob trusive little sparrows. We may get an idea of the value of the service these birds render by noting what is done for the farmer by the tree-spar row, one of the most confirmed seed eaters of the group. A quarter of an ounce of seed for a day is a safe estimate of the food of an adult treesparrow. On this reckoning, in a State like Iowa, where agriculture is relatively very important, tree sparrows eat about 875 ton.s of weed seed annually. The total value of the principal field crops of the United States for the year 1906 was about $2,500,000, 000. If we estimate that the com bined consumption of weed seed by the sparrow family results in an an nual saving of only 1 per cent. of the value of the crops the total sum total saved to thefarmer in 1906 was $3 5.00 0,00 0. Though seeds form the chief part of the subsistence of sparrows, the destruction of seeds is by no means all we have to thank these birds for. They eat many insects also, and~ seems to know instinctively thai while seeds are excellent for adull birds, 'they are necessai-ily good fot nestlings, and hence feed the latter almost exclusively on insects. Sparrows, however, are not the on ly birds that consume the seeds ol weeds. The Eastern quail or bob white is a confirmed eater of wveed seed. Highly esteemed as bobwhitE is by the epicure for food and by the sportsman as an object of pur suit, he is probably worth so mucli more as a weed-destroyer that thE farmer* can ill afford to have hir shot, even though the privilege is roundly paid for. A bevy or two ol quail on a farm is an asset the value of which no thrifty farmer should overlook. Doves also are seed eat ers, especially the turtle-dove, whosE crop oftn is so packed with the seeds of weeds that it can hold no more. The farmer has "no quarrel with birds that confine their attention te grass and weed seed, and welcomes their presence always and every where. There are birds, however, which eat such seeds as corn, wheat and barley, and whose place in the farmer's esteem is by no means so well assured-the crow and the blackbirds for instance. There are several kinds of blackbirds which at times attack crops as also does the crow. The destruction by the crow of meadow mice, and of cutworms and other insect pests and the de struction of many kinds of insects by the blackbirds, however, are consid ered in most localities to offset the damage done in ot' ways and even to leave a bala' avor of the birds. Birds Tha E: n' :cts. Many firds, t 4. ..aers, warb lers, swallows a 4himney-swifts, live exclusively, or almost so, on in sects, and very many mor-e, as black birds, orioles, and some, hawks, de pend on them for a considerable part of their livelihood. The little spar row-hawk lives very largely uplon grasshoppers, crickets and beetles. and even one of the larger hawks the Swainson hawk of the Western plains-at certain seasons destroys enough of these injurious insects, to gether with small rodents. to save the Western farmer upwards of a hundred thousand dollars a ye~ Tf all insects preyed upon vegette ion, our inquiry into the value of inset-eating birds need go no fur ther-i. since all of them might ne zet down as beneficial: but by no menans ll insects are destructive of vege tation. and their relations to each ot her and to birds are very complex and puzzling. The insects that fee<' on vegetation at some stage or other of their existence llrobably encounter all other-s, both in number of species and of individ-uals: bhut there arc two o her classes. of insects which des-'rve attention here. the preiaceous and the parasitic. The predaceous in sects. either in the adult or larval state, feed upon other insects an d hence in the main are benefic-ial. It would seem. therefore, that in so far Is irds destr-oy predaceous insects :o them harm. That birds do de troy a greater or less number can aot be denied, butt as many species of rhis group secrete nauseous fluids. hich sere. in a merasure at least. protect them. and as many- are of -etiring habits and not readily found. :e number destroyed by birds is rel tively not large., Moreover, some of :he iredaceotus insects, when insect PICKS HEYWARD TO WIN. Columbia Banker Says He Will Be the -Next Senator. That Duncan Clinch Heyward will be the next United States Senator from South Carolina is the opiiion expressed by W. A. Clark, presi (lent of the Carolina National Bank, of Columbia. in at interview in The Washington. Post. "The contest between Ex-Gov .Tohn Gary Evans and ex-Gov. lUeyward will be hard fought probably." says Mr. Clark, "but I think the latter will win. He is a high class man in every respect. and is allied with no element." Mr. Clark predicts the reelection of Gov. Ansel next fall without ser ious opposition. and says the Dem ocrats will be for Bryan in the na tional congress and the Republicans for Taft. * PRIEST CO3DITS SUICIDE. Rector of Catholic Church Shoots Himself Through Head. The Rev. Father Joseph A. Gra ham, rector of the Roman Catholic Church of the Blessed Sacrament, in Albany, N. Y., shot himself twice in the heart Friday afternoon in his study. He died almost instantly. In the opinion of Dr. Burke, who was called soon after the suicide was dis covered. I-ather Graham was not in his right mind. He was a native of Albany and a brother of National Bank Examiner Edward J. Graham. Father Graham was about 45 years old and was re garded as one, of the most brilliant men in the Albany diocese. He had been poor in health and despond ent. * GOT OFF LIGHT. Cleik Accused of Improper Conduct Toward Two Young Girls. At Savannah, Ga., B. Rhett Wever, a clerk in a shoe store was fned $50 by the recorder last week for having written two notes for young girls asking the principal of the school they attended to excuse them for the day as they were unwell. He signed th names of the girls' parents to the notes. The recorder looked upon the matter as a very serious one and fined Wever $50. He was unable tc pay it for several hours and had tc spend about half the day in jail be fore he secured the desired amount One of the young girls told her fatn er some very bad stories of Wever' conduct toward her. tarians, and hence assume the rol of enemies of the farmer; so tha when birds destroy predaceous in sects they may be doing the. farmei either a good turn or an ill turn according to circumstances. The relation of birds to the so called parasitic insects is stilh mort intricate and puzzling. Parasitic in sects fill a very important place ix the economy of nature; it is evei claimed by entomologists that the: do more effective service in aiding t< kee true the balance in the'insec world than any other agency. The: attack insects in every stage of ex isence and insure their destruction b: depositing eggs, on, or in, the bodie of adults, their larvae (the worm o caterpillar stage), their pupae, a their eggs. Now, birds recognize n~ fine distinctions in the insect world All is grist that comes to the avial mill, and parasitic insects are snap ped up by birds without the slightes, regard to the fact that they are use ful to man. Hence we have a compli cated problem to unravel in respec to the inerrelation of insect pests, o insect parasites that destroy them and of birds that destroy both pes and their parasites. Hawks and Owls Beneficial. The hawks and red owls spend mos of their lives in killing small rodents Their work is complementary. Hawk! hunt their prey between the hours of daylight and dark; owls hunt it the early evening and morning hours or by moonlight; sometimes whex pressed by hunger by day. The bulk of the depredations or birds and chickens due to hawks is committed by three species--the Cooper and sharp-shinned hawks and the goshawk; and the sportsman and farmer's boy should learn to know the daring robbers by sight. so as to kill them whenever possible. The so-called "hen-hawks." usually eithex the red-shouldered or redtail hawk, are too ofteri diade victims of a bad name: for while both species occa sionally snatch a chicken. tl'e habit is far too uncommon to justify the name "hen-hawk." The good these two big hawks do in the long run by destroying rats and mice far more than compensates the farmer for the insignificant damage he suffers at their talons. Both hawks and owls often sw'al low their prey entire or in large frag and often some of the feathers. Avian and yen some of the feathers. Avian digestion is both good and rapid, but is is unequal to the task of assimila ting such substances. and accordingly both hawks and owls throw up these rejecta in the form of neatly rolled pellets. In studying the food habits of birds of prey much use is made of these pellets, and the vic'inity of a nest of a pair of hor-ned owls, for instance often contains an unmistak able record of the birds' food, and p~erhaps that of the youn'g, for months or even years. From the foregoing it will at once appear that the practice of offering bounties indiscriminately for the heads of hawks and owls, as has been done by~ some states, is a mis take, and results not only in the wasting of puilic funds. but in the destrction of valuable lives, which cn lbe replaced. if at all, only with great difficulty and after the lapse of a term of years. In no one partic ular does the pubtlic', especially the sportsman and farmer. need to be educated more than in the valute of hawks. The "emiptat ion 10 shoot a hak or ow'l. perching or flying, is well nigh ir'resistalec. and the had habit is having the natural resumlt of so reducing the numbers of these birds as to make it inmplossib le for the sutrviv'ors to (do the work notntre in ended theum to (do. The not abie inreras'e or uoi~outs rodents in the last. decade int certain par'ts of the T'nited States and the resulting damn age to crops without donht are due in no small pa't to the destr'uction of their natural enemies, chief of whieb LEVER'S SPEECH IN SUPPORTING THE BILL 34LIE ING APIROPRIATION Of Over Eleven Million Dollars for the Department of Agriculture Was a Good One. In supporting the bill making ap propriations of $11,431,346 for the department of. agriculture, Represen tative Asbury F. Lever made an ex cellent speech. It was extended and thorough. and as the agricultural de partment is now doing by far the best work since its establishment, and as it is doing at least as much for the South as for any other section, and as the South stands in greater need of that assistance than any other sec tion, Mr. Lever's speech in the house of representatives very appropriately particularly directed attention to the opportunities in the South, and the tremendous undeveloped resources of the South. More addresses in con-. gress and in the North along similar lines would bear rich fruit. We quote an extract or two from Mr. Lever's speech: The true measure of the industrial greatness of any country is the size of the bank books -f the a'rr.r. and their natural, inherent conservatism is the true gauge of the character. stability, and morals of its citizen ship. Two hundred and six million acres classified as unimproved farm lands and millions of acres of unclassified land in the South await the elixir of man's intelligence to lay at his feet their immeasurably rick treasures. (Applause.) And in conclusion: Such, Mr. Chairman, -Are our possi bilities, such are our opportunities. such is the record we have made, and today we -stand upon the threshold of a great future, the greater tri umps lie before us. Nature has smiled upon this fair land, and the smile has brought joy to the hearts of its people and strength to their arm. The celebrated poet, Emerson, said: "America is another name for opportunity" and that unique char acte-, Greeley, enjoined, "Young mai.. go West and grow up with the country," but if the great poet and the great philosopher and editor could see he South as she Is today, with her snowy fields of cotton, her mountains of minerals, her vast for est areas, her granite beds, her coal and iron deposits, her fertile plain and unequaled climate, her long sea, coast indented with incomparablehar bors, her rivers lacing her like ribboni of silver, and her reawakened, con& dent, and conquering people, thE conclusion of the one would be, "Th South is another name for opportun ity" (applause), and the injunctiol of the other, "Young man, go SoUtl and grow up with the country." (Ap plause.) Mr. Chairman, we read iI Holy Writ of a "good land, a land of brooks of wa ter, of fountains and depths tha spring out of valleys and hills; land of wheat and barley and vine: and fig trees and pomegranates; S land of olive oil and honey; a lanm -wherein thou shalt eat bread withou scarceness, thou shalt not lack any -thing in it; a land whose stones arn iron, and out of whose hills thot mayest dig brass." And to me it reads like an inspir ed description of the South frontinl the future, confident, bouyant -thrilled by an all-pervading spirit o progress. (Loud applause.) SENATOR TILLMAN AT ATILANTA lHe Will Be Treated .for Nervonu Breakdown by Experts. Senator -B. R. Tillman of Souti Carolina reached Atlanta at 9 o'clocl Tuesday morning accompanied by hi: wife, and went at once to the Rob ertson sanitarium on Capitol avenue whce'e he will remain for severn weeks. possibly a month, after whicl it is his intention to go abroad. A dispatch to The State from At lanta says Senator Tillman came hert for treatment for nervous breakdown the result of overwork. While his present condition is not serious, it I! such, it is stated at the sanitarium that it might take a serious turn al any time. A reporter who called al the sanitarium and asked to see th-: senator received word from him thai he was not feeling well enough to talla now, and suggested that he returr later in the week. While he is oil but little in weight, he is exceedingly feeble and has little of Is customary animation. He had reached the point where a collapse was liable almost at any mo ment and he determined to prevent it if possible. While his present comn plaint is nothing more than nervous~ breakdown, it is said his main object in taking a prolonged rest Is .to pre vent a threatened attack of paralysis, indicated by the almost numbness of his left arm and a pain in his left side. While it can not be definitely stated now, the belief seems to be that he has taken hold of the matter in 'time and that his recovery will be effected. BLIND MAN WANTS OFFICE. Prof. J. E. Swearinger a Candidate for Superintendent of Education. Prof. JT. E. Swearinger of the Cedar Springs Institute, who has announced his candidacy for State Superinten lent of public instruction, says he will issue within the next few days a statement of his views and an out line of his platform. Prof. Sweanin ger is a nephew of Senator Tillman. IHe is totally blind and has held the osition of professor at Cedar Springs, the State institution for the blind. or nine years. He is a man of rec ognized ability and has 'a wide ac quaintance and connection through out the State. He is a native of Edgefieldl. It isn't always a mean idea that strikes a man when he is down. The dealer in combs and brushes must be a man of~ many parts. gn'rncee ceases to be bliss when -ou begin to realize it. Somec of us would rather tell the truth than be popular. The- old sas don't cut much of a Baking Powder b only Baf n Powder made with Royal Grap Crem of Tartar -made im graps Insures healthful and delicious food for every home-every day Safegards yur fd against alm and phshte f r DIED IN JAIL WHAT IT COST THE COLORED PREACHER WHO TO RAISE A -FOUND OF COTTON WAS ARRESTED BY And Shot By Another Colored Man, Actual Figures as Work Was Done-on Claiming to Be a United States Dei a Georgia Farm and Reported for tective, Dies of Wound. the Cultivator. Rev. James Jefferson, the colored Mr. B. J. Wooten, a Georgia far preacher who was arrested and shot mer. furnishes the Southern Cult! at Branchville the first of last week vator with the actual amount it cost by a negro named B. W. Williams, him to raise his cotton. He says he_ who claimed to be a United States started in January, 1907, in a rough Detective, died at Bamberg on last way to see what his cotton cost him Saturday from the wound inflicted per pound to raise it. He had eight by Williams. After arresting Jeffer- acres planted and here is what it son and shooting him Williams took cost h m to make it: him to Bamberg and committed him First breaking of stalks (two to jail under the name of W. H. days Cleaning off stalks (3 days).., 2.00 Blackman. When carried - to Bam- Running out stalks (2 days).. 2.00 berg Jefferson was suffering from a Cost of guano..2340 pistol shot. wound in the abdomen, Handling guano home...... 2.00 inflicted by Williams, and at an ear- Cost of manure and haullng . 5.00 hourSatuday ornig he Cost of stowing guan. . .2.00 ly hour Saturday morning he died ly ded1Cost of -stowing manure.. ..2.00.,. from perotinitis as a result of the Cost of covering guano and wound. A jury of inquest was em- manure..40 panelled by Coroner Zeigler, which, Bekn u h ide.. .0 after hearing the evidence of Jeffer- Cs fcto ed..... .0 son's wife, Dr. H. F. Hoover, J. B.Cstoplnig. .. ..i5 Hunter, sheriff, and C. B. Free. ren- Hroig.......-15 dered a verdict to the effect that theCotftol. .....-.0 deceased came to his death from a C to luhn is m.-25 pistol shot wound inflicted by B. W.Hoigfrttm. .... .0 Williams, Jr.Plghnseodte . .. From the evidence adduced at the Hen eod.tm. .- 35 inquest it would seem ~that a mostPouhntirtme.... .5 uncalled for murder has been coin-Pouhgfurhtm....20 mitted by ' this man Williams, and H~n hr ie.....30 he should be made to pay the ex- Pogigffhtm. .. 25 treme penalty for his foul crime. Wil- oto akt frpcig.12 liams, who murdered Jefferson,Cotfpikg6,0lb.(c seems to think that his claiming to prhnrd)...... 05 be a detective should have sheilder Cs fhuigt i.... 20 him from arrest and punishment for Cs fgnig.... 60 his outrageous crime. It was alsoCotfbagnadtis 40 brought out at the inquest that Wil- Huigt aeos.... 30 liams, who did the shooting, saw an o fed...... 520 adveirtisement_ offering a $200 r'e- _____ ward for an escaped criminal from Toa......... 139 Alabama and concluded that Jeffer- Aon fcto ae orbls. son was the man wanted. He ac-wegtoaltgthr195pons cordingly went to Magistrate Zeigler, cto ed ,0 ons of Bamberg County, and swore out ThEdtroteCuivo, . a warrant charging him with mur- cmetn nteaoe~uesy der. "eotnseetmtso rwa Armed with this warrant he wentcotnbuwehvnvr to Branchville,. accompanied -byjLuliezdstemnofth oe Quillie Drawdy, a white- man, and1 xes rmJnayt aur.O drove up to the residence of the de-cosetwulbbadfictacun ceased at about 3 o'clock Monday at-toep.Treaesmayncd ternoon, April 6th. Jefferson was tl n nietepne.Btto asleep in his house when they hailedthnstado;afrmrutmke at the gate. His wife responded and abl e cet aeaymny was told to ask her husband to come adscnh hudhv te out to look at some pictures in the opansmefroflvtckt buggy. She woke him up -and heprftbyelohitmewnno went out to see the pictures, but asenad.iwokghsctoife soon as he reached the buggy Wil-deietopserItwudctan lams, "the detective," threw his pisI ytk h ed vna 10 e tol on him and it went off, and Jef-hndetopyiersoaldad ferson fell to the ground mortallytae.SweoudhvMrWo wounded.ensctotcothm-aot9 - Neither "the detective" nor hiscet.W arstifdthssa white friend made any explanationfaretmeofhecsoftero of their action, but securely tied the fr10,frlbradeeyhn wouned an nd ut hm i. tecost a hpngohakeit buggyning ofrostalks (o daysr..id.n.e Rcnning.out stalkke(2tdays)e. .n2.0 ing ondtiowereaenrmaiedgn-gurndehome.^ ...20 til death relmenedehisdsufferings S.t it he agitrte cte vey ~t Cost e domestoing troubles, I ..a Knight y.Hesholdhav ivesigtedthaCeaste hoetn ian killdEwr mattr whn h foud te prson raingu hi sonin-les. .a.,r. so espratly onedCnigt, and cthn teaed. capture.5 Wiliam. he etetiv,"dmi- sot n otalanin... woude Os B..:.5 g.ut climedthat he deeae wode Ricuhinrst Howe .. a .for5e jumped atloighwhen hecoartedmto..it. marshal arrsthiman tok oldorhishad.Poursuedng thrtme.. men and 2.5 did ot kow ow. his s* lam logeingh Stn cremery w.e.r. -2.5 taleandshold ot e bieed ost ad been ketsloyer.pieinlgee.2 can e clledoutof hs hme adwos oul haulint i protecto.2.0 Ssot ownas Jefersn ws Cost J F ryanaitiz, accepte the.0 caleddetctve hee i adefctin roostoan and ale. be..n 4.he the aw nd i shuldhermededHalng the careamuey whr . night.0 at one. suredeed... The prione was tak-.0 trage nd otraeou cas aswas mont mari ctton ae, go baoe l~ogh uta teCooersinust eights l oehr,190pud cotonseda,00uns. thetesimoy ws gvenb~he ifevae int's omte andthevatr-i of te mrdeed ~recllr. ho ay ormaeninedo the aboeh Ateressy she as aeye itnesofthe"hol oar en and hits wi ha gee r-n l~rnchil fo iterent acopn-folle item statmno the whoe ied te wie o themurere are with hotgun.e Eaifn thcun preche. wo hd ben ursng im touseep Therlearmol manigh inien sine e ws rs pt i jil n es davls nd iniectpe nsloe. but to day.Apri 7~ he- eceaed i tsai ics and ut;5 a fre aut maie to hve eena rsidet o Brnch baeer aclre to make' any' money anda peacer f te Gspe. and soght reue inul the reaer Wiliam, earngof hedeah f 1esad sera shots ino thvestco .Jefeso ad avng ee mde o enooers wrin hisrt.. ,ifh belevetha th fat tat e i a desirestoprosper._Itwouldcertain tectve illsav hi frm prse y a brogh seed evaen urt and0 pe tio' wen toBambrg Sturay ad uldged in jail ineres he wln likely surrndeed o SerifHnte.S eea ntil he is red atifid wehopes iffDuks avig ben otiied heconictd esitf the cst is tlie itrop sent overfto 1907,g and hadborl rndoetedyabove