University of South Carolina Libraries
PURE FOOD LAW. A State Measure That Has Just Gone Into Effect PASSED LAST WINTER. This Law Makes It Illegal For Any One to Sell in South Carolina Any Adulterated Food or Drug or Sell the Same Under a False Label and Prescribes Heavy penalties for Vio latiag It. The pure food law passed at thE last session of the Legislature went nto effect last Tuesday. The ian was made to supplement the food End drug law passed by Congress, nd is quite sweeping in its provis ions. The full text of the law is pub lished below: Be it enacted by the General As sembly of the State of South Caro lina: Section 1. That it shall be unlaw ful for any person to manufacture or sell, or offer for sale, any article of food or drugs which is adultera ted or misbranded within the mean ing of this Act, and any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convic tion thereof shall be punished by fine not exceeding fifty dollars or by im prisonment -not exceeding fifteen days for the first offence, and one hundred dollars or thirty days' im Prisonment for each subsequent of fence. Section 2. That the terms "drug," as used in this Act, shall include all medicines and preparations recogniz ed in the United States Pharmacop oeia or National Formulary or U. S. Dispensatory for internal or external use, and any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used for the cure, mitigation or prevention of disease of either man or other ani mals. The term "food," as used herein, shall include all articles used for food, drink. confectionary, or condiment by man or other animals, whether simple, mixed or compound. Section 3. That-for the purpose of this Act an article shall be deemed to be adulterated: In case of drugs and flavoring extracts: First. If. when a drng or flavoring extract is sold under or by a name recognized in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary or U. S. Dispen satory, it differs from or does not conform to the standard of strength, quality or purity, as determined by the test laid down in the United States Pharmacopoeia, National For mulary, or U. S. Dispensatory, offi cial at the time of investigation. In the case of confectionery: If it contains terra alba, barytas, talc, chrome yellow, or other miner al substance or poisonous coor fla vor, or other ingredient deleterious or deterimental to health, or any vinous, malt, or spirituous liquor o2 compound, or narcotic drug. In the case of food: First. If any substance has beer: mixed and packed with it so as to re duce or lower or injurionsly affect its quality or strength. Second. If any substance ha's been substituted wholly or in part for the article. Third. If any valuable constituent of the article has been wholly or in part abstracted Fourth. If it be mixed, colored, powdered, coated or stained in a mander whereby damage or inferi ority is concealed. Fifth. If it contain any added pois onous or other added deleterious in gredient which may render such ar ticde injurious to health: Provided, that when in the preparation of food products for shipment they are pre served by any external application, applied in such manner that the pre servative is necessarily removed ma chanically, or by maceration in water, or otherwise, and directions for the removal of said preservative shall be printed on the covering or the pack age, the provisions of this Act shall be construed as applying only when said products are ready for consump tion. Sixth. If it consists in whole or in part of a filthy, decomposed or put. rid animal or vegetable substance or any portion of an animal unfit for food, whether manufactured or not, or if it is the product of a diseased animal, or one that has died other wise than by slaughter. Section 4. That the term "mis branded," as used herein, shall ap ply to all drugs or articles of food, or articles which enter into the com position of food, the package or label of which shall bear any statement, design qr device regarding such ar ti::le, or the ingredients or substanc es contained therein which shall be false or mlsleading in any particular, and to any food or drug product which is falsely branded as to the State. territory or country in which it is manufactured or produced. That for the purposes of this Act an arti cle shall be also deemed to be mis branded: In case of drugs: First. If it be an imitation of or of~ered for sale under the name of another article. Second. If the contents of the package as originally put up shall have been removed, in whole or in part, and other contents shall have been placed in such package, or if t'ie package fail to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or pro portion of any alcohol, morphine. opium, cocaine, heroin. alpha or beta encaine. chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral "ydrate, or acetanilide, or any derlivi e or preparation of any such sub~arnees contained therein: Provide'i. th::t ;h package contains more than two grains of opium, or more than one-quarter grains of morphine, or more than ten grains of chloral hydrate in one fluid ounce, or. if a solid preparation, in one avo irdupois ounce: Provided, further, that nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to apply to the filling of written prescriptions, furnished by regular licensed practicing physi cians, and kept on file by druggists as required by law, or as to such pre parations as are specified and recog nized by the United States Pharma eopoeia, National Formulary or U. S. Dispensatory, which are in accord ance therewith. In the case of food: SOME THING TO DO. Destroy Bushes and Briers, and Shel ter Your Farm Impleiments. Weeds around the yard and lot can be cut and got out of the way. This will help the appearance of things and keep the place from looking so snaky and besides will destrow thous ands of weed seeds. Bushes and briars should be shrub bed in the pastures to let tue grass grow. Many pastures are almost worthless for stock on account of the growth of other things than grass. Remember that grass does not grow where briars, hushes and tiees ar< allowed to take charge of ture. It is an acknowled-led fact that every farmer should raise all the lot and stable nianure no%%sif " "0 is the time To hul a arge lot o leaves and straw. I it is not desY a ble to straW the lot all over it can b hauled an(d piad in front of thc stable doors and in t',e lowest places All tools and farm implements and machinery should he placed carefull: away under a shelter. The oi. car and paint brush can be used on som< of it to a good advantage. Do no leave any farm implements in thl I field or out in the weather. It i: poor policy, after furnishing the far. with such things, to let th.en be ruin ed by carelessness. Now that farmers are nearl: through working their crops then are some things needing attentiot which have heretofore been put off All terraces should be ploughed t< strengthen them and to destroy til weeds and grass on them. All breaK in them should he repaired and tl low or weak places should be buil up. "WHEN Roosevelt gets throug with it" says the Florida Time, Union, "our constitution will be 1i for the remnant counter." It wa; pretty well used up when Roosevel took charge of it. HAVING gobbled Korea Japan ha: been too honest to talk about "mari fest destiny" or "thrown into oul laps by providence." That sort o: stuff is left for civilized Christian na tions to indulge in. LET the farmers resolve, each fo: himself, not to employ under an: circumstance his neighbor's hand.s contract or no contract. This is t'i only way that the best interests o. al can be protected. offered for sale under the distinctivi name of another article. Second. If it be labelled or brand ed so as to deceive or mislead th< purchaser, or purport to be a foreigi product when not so, or if the con tents of the package as originally pu up shall have been removed, in wholi or in part, and other contents shal have been placed in such package, o: if it fail to bear a statement on thi label of the quality or proportion o: any morphine, opium, cocaine, hero in, alpha or beta ecaine, chloroform cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, ace tanilide, or any derivative or prep aration of any such substances con tained therein. Third. If in package form, an< the contents are stated in terms o weight or measure, they are no -plainly and correctly stated on th outside of the package. Fourth. If the package containinj it or its label shall bear my state ment, design or device regarding th ingredients or the substances con tained therein, which statement. de design or device shall be false o1 misleading in any particular: Provid ed, that an article of food which doe not contain any added poisonous o: deleterious ingredients shall not b< deemed to be adulterated or mis branded in the following cases: First. In the case of mixtures o: compounds, which may be now o: from time to time hereafter knowl as articles of food, under their owv2 distinctive names, and not an imita tion of or offered for sale under th< distinctive name of another article if the name be accompanied on th< same label or brand with a statemen of the place where said article ha been manufactured or produced. Second. In the case of articles la belled. branded or tagged so as t< plainly indicate that they are com pounds, imitations or blends, and th word "compound," "imitation" o: "blend," as the case may De, i~ plainly stated on the package ii which it is offered for sale: Provid ed, that the term blend, as used here in, shall be construed to mean a mix ture of like substances not excluding harmless coloring or flavoring ingre dients used for the purpose of color ing and flavoring only:. And provid ed, further, that nothing in this Ac1 shall be construed as requiring oi compelling proprietors or manufac turers of proprietary foods which con tain no unwholesome adde'i ingredi ent to disclose their trade formulas, except in so far as the provisions oj this Act may require to secure free dom from adulteration or misbrand ng. Section 5. That no dealer shall be prosecuted under the provisions of this Act when he can establish a guaranty, signed by the wholesaler, jobber, mannfacturer or other party residing in the United States, from whom he purchases such articles, to Ithe effect that the same is not adul terated or misbranded or within the meaning of this Act, designating it. Section 6. For the purpose of car rying out the provisions of this Act the State board of health, with one licensed druggist, appointed by the Governor, upon the recommendation of the South Carolina Pharmaceuti 'cal AXsssociation, shall take cogniz ance of the interests of the public health, as it relates to the sale of food, drugs, spirituous, fermented and malt liquors, and the adultera Ition thereof, and make all necessary inquiries and investigations relating thereto, and for such purposes may appoint inspectors analysts and chem ists, who shall be subject to its su pervision and removal. Within sixty days after this Act goes into effect the said State board of health shall adopt such measures as it may deem necessary to facilitate the enforce ment thereof. It shall prepare rules and regulations with regard to the proper method of collecting and ex amining drugs, articles of food. Section 7. The sum of one thous and dollars is hereby appropriated for the purpose of defraying the ex penses, if any, of analysis or exami nation of any article of food or drug as provided for in this Act; said sums to be expended under the su pervision and direction of the State board of health. Section 8. This Act shall go into effect six months after its approyal by the Governor. Section 9. All Acts and parts of Acts inconsistent with this~Act be, DEAD WHITE MAN Honored by Negroes by the Erec tion of a Monument. To His Memory Uecaulse [ie l'reseit ed Them With tle (roun11d Now The monument erected in Lai,< ter county by colored people to a white man as heretofore published in The News and Courier, was form ally unveiled Thursday with impres sive ceremony and in the presence ol an immense crowd of both white, and blacks. This is probably the first recorded instance where negroes have thu, paid tribute to the memory of one oJ the white race. The nearest approac: to it in Lancaster county occurrec some years ago, when Bishop Isorr C. Clinton, now dead, erected a hand. some monument at the grave of hi former master, Mr. Irvin Clinton who, in his day and time, was a lead ing member of the Lancaster Bar. The mounument unveiled Thurs day was erected by the members o: Mount Moriah Church, a colore( Methodist church four miles west : Lancaster, in honor of the memor: of the late James W. Williams, prominent white farmer, who donat ed the land now used by them as , cemetery, which is located at or neaj the church building. The idea of thu: honoring their white benefactor or iginated with one of their own num ber, Jarvis Cunningham, a respecte( colored citizen of that county, whc has, by farming, accumulated con siderable property. The suggestioz took well with Cunningham's fellov church members and all of them con tributed liberally to the fund whici was raised to carry out the plan. The monument, which stands o E the cemetery lot, was made by Mr A. P. McNich, proprietor of the Lan caster Marble Yard, and is what i; known as Vermont blue marble Though not as tall as such monu ments usually are, being only 6 fee and eight inches in height., it is highly creditable, handsome piece o work. and presents an imposing ap pearance. The principal inscription is on th side facing the east and is as follows "On motion of Jarvis Cunninghan this momnnt was erected by thi members of Mount Moriah Churcl in 1907 to the memory of Mr. Jas W.. Williams in appreciation of thi gift to the church by him and hi; family of this plat of land for a cem etery." "G. W. Mackey, C. T. B." The letters "C. T. B." stands fo: chairman trustee board. The inscription on the north sidi is. Born December 27, 1837. Die( February 10, 1903. Peace to his ash es." On the south side: "Trustees; M. M Young, Jim Brown, D. Johnson, J T. Thomis, 1). McKinney, Adan Watts, deceased, John Wren, secre Sta::-y; Joe Brown, treasurer. God love Sth acheerful giver." On the west side: ''Rev. Z. Belton pastor." The unveiling exercises consiste< principally by an address appropriate to the occassion by Principal M. D Lee, of the Lancaster No'rmal ani Industrial Institute, Bible read an< prayer. Music was furnished by brass band. Dr. A. J. Warner o Charlotte, was to have delivered al address, but was prevented frorn coming by a call in Boston, Mass IThe veil that covered the monumen was drawn aside by two small color ed girls. Mr. Williams, the man whose merr orv the colored people have signall; 1honored, was one of Lancaster Coun ty's most prominent and influentia citizens. He was a large and success ful farmer and lived in the neighbor hood of Mount Moriah Church. HI was a gallant Confederate soldier SAt the outbreak of the civil war, i: the summer of 1861, he enlisted witl the Lancaster Grays and served wit] that company until December, whe: he was honorably discharged on ac count of bad health. Recuperating in April, 1862. he entered the ser vice, joining the cavalry, Capt. J. C Foster's company. Butler's brigade He was on duty as a scout during much of the war and was delegate< to pilot Butler's forces through thi country about the time of Sherman' raid. As a slave owner Mr. William was kind and humane, and after em ancipation his treatment of the ne gro was ever characterized by fair ness and justice. He is kindly remem bered by all the colored people wh< knew him. A Chat With Our Y'ounig Men. Boys, let us be men. Let us be honest, earnest, young men and we shall then be noble men. Nobleness and gentleness are not one and rare ly do we find them living in peace -with each other. We may never be what the world calls great, but we can all be noble men, and our noble. ness can commence this very hour and just where we are.. A young man's first and truest act of nobility is to love, honor and pro tect his parents. When he becomes too proud to be seen walking as a staff to a tottering, helpless father, or to stand by the bedside of her who is waiting a moment this side of the river to catch one more gaze, through the fading shadow of the past, of her little boy lost in manhood, he is sure ly fast going down the eminence of manliness. When we launch our ships on the morning waves of the great sea of life, let us guide them by the light of home, with the helm of the cradle words of our mother. Not until we have left home and are wanderers in the curious strangeness of a strange land, unnoticed, unheeded, lonely and weary, will we know of a truth what a mother is. Then we feel that she is good and we bless her. Never can we repay our mother's kindness. Her withered form and her silvering braids shall be defend Ied till that day cometh when He shall make up His jewels-and then, we ween, Heaven will know no kinder, no brighter, no purer angel than she. When the ever shining stars shall wane in the fading of our vision, and the noisy world will grow still in our sleep of death. will we forget her; not till then. IT is rather hold in a man who has succeeded in making the Repub lican elephant do so many unheard, of things, to denounce anybody for natue-faking. To-morrow is the stone over which ainya uiness man has stumbled. REMEDY FOUND. Eastern Plant That Has Wonder ful Healing Power. CURES CONSUMPTION., Igricultural Department to Begin System of Experiments With Fenu greek, an Eastern Plant, Which Is Said to be a Cure and Preventa tive of All Forms of Tubercu losis. A special to The News and Cour ier from Washingcon says Secretary Wilson, of the department of agri culture, will soon begin experiment ing in the arid lands of Texas on the famous food called fenugreek, which scientists the world over are hailing as possibly an agency of nature which will combat the ravages of consump tion. The virture ascribed to fenugreek is its ability to build up the very tis sues that the germs of consumption tear down. Experiments with won derfully satisfactory results in the growth of this plant have been made in California, Nebraska and New Mexico, and the announcement will soon be made of its introduction into the arid west section of Texas under irrigation by the department of ag riculture. But a short time ago fenugreek was almost unknown in America ex cept as a constituent of condition powders for grain and vegetable con suming animals. For perhaps hun dreds of years, however. it has been known in the East, where it has a widespread use as a food and medi cine for both man and beast. Its main use in that section of the globE was what suggested its introduction in this country as a cure for consum ption. tSince time immemorial the Jewish maiden of Tunis has been one whc t desires much fat and such a dainty i weight as 250 or 300 pounds is a thing to be desired. With her fat is welcomed and she never complain, if she tips the scale at 350 or 400. The time-honored traditions of thei lot have handed down the use of fen. ugreek as a fat forming substapce and even to-day it is still used. Physicians recognizing the faci I that if they can, in treating a con sumptive case, keep flesh on theit patient the chances for recovery werf greater, came to the conclusion tha1 fenugreek would be of great use tc them. Accordingly it was introduc ed and many report that they havec used it with very satisfactory re suIts. The fenugreek plant itself is not unlike common clover, and, indeeJ is easily mistaken for that plant un less the two are closely compared. The seed of the plant is the part used in the consumption cure, there being several ways by which it can t-3 pre pared. Perhaps the easiest way is tc I put a tablespoonful in a tumbler o) -water and let it stand over night. drinking the water in the morning Another method is to :nix a coffet spoonful of the seed in straine:1 hon ey to kill the bitter taste, anid ther Seat the mixture. The women of Tin is, in their quest for fat, eat the see in the fcrm of a confection and mix jed with olive oif and in many other Prmien among the few physi . cians who have tried the plant in thi ftreatment of consumption is Dr. A. S t Mansfelde, - treasurer of the Nebiras Ska State Medical Association, wht has probably carried the experime' Sfurther than any other America! --practitioner. He was the first to re port to the department of agricul ture the use of the plant as a cure ir this country. SAlthouigh Dr. Mansfelde has re ported concerning one case it was o1 1a nature~ to show the great possibili ties of the plant. The patient ir question was a young Irishman, whc Swas inthe last stages of the disease and although in the end he eventual ly died, his lungs being so far gong 1that they could not sustain any bodi Sly vigor, he is reported to have taker 1 on flesh and continued to do so for 1several weeks until the end came. -Dav:id Fairchild, agricultural ex plorer, in charge of the seed and plant distribution of the bureau of -plant industry, is responsible for bringing fenugreek to the notice of the American people. While travel -ing in the East he was struck with the prevalence of fat women and on enquiring into the cause got on the track of the plant. He did not think a great deal of the-plant until later when he learned that it was one of the principal ingredients of condition powders for stock. Putting the twc together ne thought that results well worth the trouble could be received from the plant and accordingly in troduced it into the LUnited States. It is claimed by some that the plant can lbe traced back as far as the time of Nebnchadnezzer II, when it was in common use as a relish for meats and as a medicine. Many leg ends have been founded on the plant's great medicinal value. It is even stated that Mohamet himself once said that if the people knew the val ue of fenugreek they would obtain it even at the price of gold. Another legend claims that it' a bag of the seed was- tied to a camel's back it would cure it of its ills. Fenugreek is planted in the fal the same as winter wheat and comes up early in the spring. It attains a height of about that of the ordinary clover and, as stated biefore when full grown looks about the same. Thre odor of the pilant is familiar to anry one who has ever handled condition powders, such as are given to stock. At present there is but acompara tively small quantity of the seed in the United States. The department of agriculture, ho.%ver, is able to distrihbute quant ities of some size on appllications made to the bureau of seed and plant industry. .Speatkinn of the medicinal value ofi the plant Dr. Mansfelde says: "There can he no doubt that beyond the carbohyhrates and the hitter con tents incrersing the appetite, some ting else must he contained in the seds that causes the assimulation of f::t andl the deposition in the tissues. Possibly that something aids hoth in the digestion and the assimulation of fat and the conversion into fat of the carbohydates-one of all these processes." A Government has un dertaken to make as analysis of the fenugreek seed with this pioinit in view. Much will depend on the re suts which he obtains by the exam na'tion. THE general disposition to look on the Cortelyou boom as a joke may1 be due to the hot weather, and then again, it may be due to Republican leaders' cold feet. THE farmers of South Carolina face a crisis, and they will have to stick together, or they may be finan cially ruined. Judge Brawley's de cision has done incalucable harm to eb whole State. BULLET IN BRAIN EIGRFT YEARS. Now Feels Effect, an. Surgeons Try To Remove It. For eight years John Vandyne of Wheeling, W. Va,. has carried a bul let around inside his skull. Wednes day he felt the first bad effects of it. He became suddenly ill, lapsed into unconsciousness, and paroxysms foi lowed. Surgeons hurried him to a hospi tal and performed an operation, which afforded temporary relief, and will endeavor later to locate and re move the bullet. Eight years ago he waas handl ing a revolver, which war accidental ly discharged. tic bullet penetrating his skull and indging in the brain. The Labor Question. It has been frequently asserted that the two great issues now before the people of South Carolina are the tax and the labor questions. Each of these questions deserves most seri ous and careful consideration on the part of the leadors of the people. Heretofore too much attention has been given by the politicians to ques tions that are purely political and frequently to questions that were al together the outgrowth of factional differences. The time for a change has come and the very first thing that should be arranged is an equit able labor law, that will protect. the employer and the employee. The most careful and conservative business men of the state should be called on at this juncture to suggest reforms which should be made in the tax laws and in the labor laws of the commonwealth. The opportunity ih presented, since the whiskey questior is not now an issue, for the present legislature to place upon the statute books the legislation which is need ed, and if it is not done within thE next year this matter should be and doubtless will be made the paramouni issue in the next election or the nexi two elections. The chance is going to be presented to some man to blazE the way in this trail. It will be E great pity if these questions are not considered purely from a busines standpoint. The only remedy for the preseni condition is the enforcement of the statute prohibiting the enticing ol labor under contract. If this can'i be done by law, it must be done by moral suasion. The difficulty in th( present. labor situation is chiefly the tendency of the negroes to move from one farm to another and thi: disposition is fostered and encourag ed by the less scrupulous employer who do not regard the golden rule ir business. They pick up and go or the least pretext. This must be stop ped by all farmers meeting on a com mon ground and resolving not t< employ one another's hands. This i: the only way to meet the presen1 emergency until the Legislature car meet and enact a new labor law. A Hint to Husbands. Isn't it strange that some men who will be kind and obliging to theii neighbors, gentlemanly and polite t< other ladies, will be so rude and cok and harsh at homeand perfect bear to their wives-crabbed, snappish ungenerous and altogether unsocia and hateful? Does anybody knov of any such men? Not that we wisi to lay all the wrong doing and blam< on mankind, or condemn them ei masse, not at all. There are plent; of good, noble men, but not quits -enough. When they are so strong and have so much power to do good and win love, and bless their homes why won't they all do it. I"Circumstances alter cases." Som< men's wives are trying enough t< wear out the patience of Job: bu then, in the perversity of things. yoi will generally find a real bear of man united with a frail, patient forbearing and forgiving wife. Sh< is your wife, Mr. Bear, and the moth er of your children, and probably de pendent on you for home and means and can't get away from you; so, o: course, she is in your power and yoi can treat her just as you choose. But if you expect her heart t< bound with pleasure when she hear, your footsteps, o.r to, proffer yox caresses, or to rejoice in your pres ence, you are much mistaken. She i human-neither more nor less. Pleas4 reverse your situations and condi tions. How much, and how long would you bear such treatment as you give her? You will inevitabll be weighed for just what you are and there is no help for it. Through the Years. As we go forward and meet the years, each is a messenger that tellt us a pleasant story of the land tc which we have taken up our pilgrim age, and though we may not lay hands on them and detain them, yet they imbue us with happy thoughti and pleasant memories, that clothe each coming messenger in halo-like garments of smiles and beauty. The journey of life is but short, but it is long enough to teach us the idleness and littleness of things earth ly, and that our earthly tabernacle is far too narrow to behold the invis ible fire of immortality that pulses through our being, or even to permit it to shine forth in that brilliancy that it so much longs for. Life is as beautiful as a panorama that moves on to the great and final climax, when the curtains are drawn, and the marvelous beauty of the un iverse opens with endless vistas of glory upon our enlarged sights, and the dreams of the past are paled from view in the light of the never ending present. The toy, the sword and the toy make up the sum of our existence, for the old and young are nearest heaven. Prattling childhood and old age walk hand in hand, and laugh and gamble and make pretty speech es to the bright birds and butter flies, for the veil of time if but a mist to the right and left of them, and love and innocence stand like cherubs by "1" "adle and the grave. BRtAJ AN CONFESSES That He Caused( ExplIosion That Kill ed Several Petole. John W. Reeves, a brakemian em ploydi on the Color'ado and North western. is held as a susp~ect in con nection with the destruction on Sat urday of the Colorauo Southern sta ion by fire and dynamite, at Boulder. Cl., con fessed Friday that he is re sp)osileh for the crime. Later, Frank Kiser, another sus pect. also confessed. The result of thir act was the wiping out of five lives and the injiu-y of a halfC hundred others. buesides the destruction of property valued at $5t'o. When it became knowvn that Reeves had confessed a mob gathered at the county jail for the purpose of lynching him. but he was spirited away from the jail and taken to Den ver in a carriage. The public has not CAUSES TROUBLE. The Farmers Need and Must Have Some Relief. Some Effective Law Must Be Passed by the Legislature to Enforce La bor Contracts. The labcr question is being dis cussed from one end of the State to the other, and the recent occurrences over in the Fork near Norway are figuring extensively in the discussion. The following letter from Columbia to the Augusta. Chronicle wiil give some idea of how the question is re garded in all parts of the State: Federal Judge Brawley's decision knocking otit the South Carolina la bor contract law continues to cause trouble in the rural distrirts with that large class of negroes with whom the big stick of a jail sentence has to be used to inspire proper regard for contractual obligations. And though it is confidently hoped that the far mers will pull through the present season without violence between the races, and that legislature will next spring enact some effective relief measure, there is constant danger in various parts of the state of very serious clashes over conditions that the decision has brought about. The killing of Constable Valentine in Or angdburg county a few weeks ago, followed by the narrow escape from lynching the negro had with ail but a rior occurring among several far mers gathered at the inquest in a general quarrel about farmers en couraging negroes to jump their con tracts since the decision; and hall a dozen other killings of negroes by white men in widely seperated sec tions of the state, are but manifes tations of how the danger spots arE showing up. The effect of the decision hac spread with amazing rapidity ever among the most ignorant negroes. The scramble of unprincipled farmer-c for help has perhaps played a more important part in getting the negroes informed than the publication in th( newspapers. The result is that th( mean negroe has become infinitel3 more insolent, and since he has got ten it into his head that Uncle San has espoused his cause his pronenesw to violence has become more marked There is no danger for the presen1 of calling into service the dreadec Ku-Klux-Klan, but farmers are free ly talking of taking matters into theil own hands by means of communit3 bands, to stop 'negroes whom the3 have kept from want for food an clothing through the winter from in solently refusing to carry out thei contracts to work out their debts an and spending the time getting drunI and raising rows. Of course ther has been abuse of the law on the par of some farmers, who have cheate the negro and kept him in long ser vitude after he had fairly discharge( his debt; but these are rare instances The great mass of South Carolin. farmers have no disposition to op press the negro, but they are insist I ent, some of them to the extent o taking the law in their own hands that he shall have the same respec for his written contract as others ari required to have. When the Orange burg farmers chose a spokesman tV tell the crowd in very emphatic Ian guage that they did not propose t< .stand for the acts of certain whit< men in encouraging negroes to -jum] their contracts or tolerate such con duct on the part of the blacks, law o no law, they gave expression to feeling prevailing ..i many countie in the State. Your corresponden gathered his impressions not onl: from visitors to Columbia, but fron personal interviews with farmers 11 half a dozen counties recently. "We've got to have relief, an< promptly, or we are coming befor' the next legislature in mass and de mand it," said Penitentiary Directo SJ. 0. Wingo, an extensive farmer-ant former member of the house fron Greenville county. "There is gomng to be serious trouble if we don't ge it." Just what sort of law should hb enacted that will stand the test ha: not so far been definitely outlined The question will be treated al length in Governor Ansel's messagi next spring, though just what he wil recommend, he himself does not seerr to have determined as yet. One :iig gestion is that a thorough and effec tive rural police system be estab lished for the purpose not only of ridding the rural districts of the ne gro criminal but of driving the idle to the chain gangs as well. Some far mers advocate hiring these convicts to farmers and others, as was form erly done with penitentiary convicts: but these sort of contracts were much~ abused, and it is not likely that the legislature will ever again go back to this system. One very hropeful sign in the pre sent sitnation is the healthy growth of public sentiment against abuse of the negro. Thesuperstition that it is dangerous to punish a white man for brutal disregard of a negro s rights is rapidly passing. Caused Him to Faint. It is getting quite common to con vit white men of murder in South Carolina these cdays. Last week Jas. W. Gallman was convicted of mur dering Sims Gilmore at Union and sentenced to fifteen years in the pen itentiary. The resuit of the trial was a great surprise to the lawyers of Galman as well as to himself. His attorneys requested that the sentence be made as light as possible. Judge Prince ordered Mr. Gallman to stand up and receive sentence. Be fore naming what the punishment shoud be, he gave him quite a talk in which he recounted the principal facts of the case, and said that he would not have been surprised if the verdict had been murder, or mur der with recommendation to mercy, and that he did not feel that he would be doing his duty to impose as light a sentence as Gallman's at torneys evidently wished, but that he must give him the maximum of thirty years. On hearing these words cold per spiration broke out on Gallman's brow, and as he wiped it off he grew faint, tottered, and fell and was thought to be dying. This caused considerable excitement among the female members of the family. He was then taken to the judge's room and given medical attention. After he revived he was sentenced. Where might is justice, justice is servant.-German. Aspiring minds must sometime suIs tai loss.--Plato. Method will teach you to win time. -Goethe. A man seldom does much good in the world until he stops trying to do It costs more to avenge a wrong than it does to let it go by default The slow-goifna dray harm- ]bds .or con than the averare race NEARING THE END. Great Oil Trust Menaced by In ternal Dissentions. Richest Man in the World, Scents Trouble and Ouly Rogers' Pursuas sion Keeps Him in the Line. Is the Standard Oil company, the peek of all monopolistic corporations, and the world's greatest example of consentrated wealth, threatened with internal disruption? Rumors that will not down have been sneak ing around New York city's financial center, whispering that as far back as six monts ago, John D. Rockefel ler, the head of the great combine, the man whose keen intuition has made him the greatest man in the world in point of wealth, saw signs of the impending storm, and wanted to sell his Standard Oil holdings, and retire bag and baggage. A few weeks later. these same rumors have it, James Stillman, the president of the National City bank, of New York, the bank of the Standard' Oil company, therefore the richest in the world, also desired to quit the company. With the decisions of these two men threatening the great trust with disruption, nothing but the iron will and personal pleadings of Henry H. Rogers, vice president, and the actual head of the company, kept the two dissatisfied men in line. Rockefeller, who possesses the gift of foresight toa degree almost uncan ny, saw last winter that the day of the downfall of Standard Oil was at hand. The law, which for 35 years had lain dormant while the Oil trust made ridiculous the Federal and State statutes enacted to control the giant concern, had at last turned on the corporation, and with all the more vigor because of its long rest The man who did the main part of the plnning which resulted in the perfection of this money making ma chine, which for years piled up in comprehensible fortunes, had a vis ion of the strenous times ahead for his great industrial pet and wanted to quit cold, and, but for the plead ings of Rogers, he would have dont so. Meanwhile Rogers, who has active charge of the defense being mad( against the attack of the Federal gov ermnent, having succeeded in gettig the ruling of Judge Landis in regarc to the $29,000,000 fine carried to the Supreme court of the United States is busy repairing the damage don( by the latest shafts of Herbert Kno) Smith, commissioner of corporations Smith, after showing how the price. of oil vary in different parts of thi: country, purely at the will of th4 I men who control the necessary com modity, and without reference t< cost of production, freight charges etc., makes the astounding assertioi that the Oil trust can convey crud< oil and its products to Europe in thei own steamships and still sell it cheap er than it is sold in Am *erica. "Instead of making its price lis Slower than that of independent comn panies as its monopoly enabled it t< do," declares Smith, "thus retaininj a great proportion of the busines by fair and legitimate means, th< Standard is an example of precisel3 the opposite. It is a combinatio2 which maintains a substantial mono poly, not by superiority of service and by charging reasonable prices but by manifestly unfair methods o: destroying competition; a combina 1tion which then uses the power un 'fairly gained to oppress the publi< :mid en9h itself by wholly extortion ate pr.xs. 'It has raised prices instead o: ering them at the very time wher t~ .rust, by reason of its positior Ianx. advantages, could produce great ieal cheaper than independen conc rns. But instead of this it charg es more than smaller concerns wouk have done if the Standard wouk have allowed them the chance." Make Home Happy. We often read how the wife is t< make home the brightest spot or earth. She is always to wear a cheer, ful countenance, as well as the clean est of dresses and collars; to have becomingly arranged hair, and evei to meet her other half at the door with a kiss. The house must be al ways smiling in its orderly way; children ditto; baby no exception tc the general rule. Now the great wonder is, has the husband nothing to do in this mat ter, of making home happy? To be sure he may do a great deal towards making a home. He may build the house and furnish it in princely style. He may furnish an abundance of food for the table--buy any amount of fine clothing for the family need. Yet he is cross and surly as a snapping turtle, or unsocial, or careless in his habits, or unsympathizing with his wife and little ones. All that the wife can do will not moke the home an agreeable- one. Neither can a wife be happy with a husband who is addicted to finding fault with his bread-and-butter. She may try ever so hard to please him, yet when he sits down to meals, she lives in constant fear that some por tion of the food will not suit his fas tidious taste. Playing With Fire. We understand that one of the merchants at Cope got a letter po.st marked Orangeburg and signed "The Negroes of South Carolina" on last Saturday containing the most in endiary language. The writer of the letter said the negroes intended to poison and burn out all the white people in the State. No doubt the letter whs writen by some fool who could not be induced to risk his worthless carcass in any sort of a row, but still the white people in that section should be on the look ut, as the threats in the letter shows what is in the minds of some negroes at least. We have no idea that the1 etter class of negroes would sance tion such a letter and they should not e held responsible for the threats t contains. The writer of this letter s playing with fire, and he would oon find it out if he was known. 'he trouble about all such foolish etters as this one is that i mno:ent eople might get hurt through them -The Times and Democrat. JOHN Arrratrong Chandler. one the husband of Amelia Rives, is a lu iatic in New York and a sance man Virginia, according to the courts'a f the two states, and he has impor ~ant baisiness interests in both,I. silda ny ting be more ridiculo:s. MANY MEN EATEN By the Cannibals of the Congo and the Islands. PREFER HUMAN MEAT. The Darwinian Theory of the Sur vival of the Fittest Seen in Its Most Pitiable Application Among the African Man-Eating Tribes Some Facts That WIll Surprise f Many People. iMan is still much eaten by -his fellow men. Cannibalism in alI its horror still persists in the upper Con go region and other portions of Afri ca. The taste for. human meat per sists in New Guinea and among cer tam groups of the South Sea Islands' notably the Solomons, the New He brides and New Ireland. David Liv ingstone, the first white man wAho crossed the MN-'iyemaa country of Africa, was reluctant to believe that cannibalism was not in some way as sociated with superstitions rites. But when he. saw the eagerness with which the natives devoured their - favorite food he changed his mind and wrote that. "the Congo man .sim ply prefers human flesh to any other kind of meat." Another tribe is said to have stated, "It is good to eat meat that talked." Africa shows the Darwinian theory -of survival of the fitest in its most pitiable application.'_ The sick, crippled, aged, men and women alike-, are killed and eaten In .the cannibalistic tribes. The flesh of prisoners of war or men killed in bat tle is jireferred above all others. Strangely enough all explorers report that the man-eating tribes are super ior, mentally and physically, to the non cannibals. In the Bangala country not only are the bodies of those slain in battle eaten, but the natives habitally kill men for food. And about chis there is much curious system, such as in clines students of anthropology to suspect some hidden origin. Thus the prisoner is- not kM-ed outright, but is placed chin deep in a pool of water with his head made fast to a log lest he drown. The victims limbs. by the way, have been broken three days previously. On the third day the poor creature is taken cut, and killed. This procedure, the fierce . Bangala says, makes the flesh more . tender. Capt. S. L.:Hinde, returning home. from Stanley Falls on the Congo, had personal experience of these: people. On the down river triV. to Boma six of the Bangala crew-were put In-Iro. charged with' having eaten two of their companions. The accused were magnificient . savages, over six feet high and superbly proportioned. Two of the crew, It seemed, had fallen ill on the voyage'up. and were allowed by the captain to take a few days rest. But when next rations were served they were missing. The-mas L ter of the steamer was told Laey had died during the night and been bur ied ashore. And this seemed. likely ..enough. But the captain of the ship had his doubts. He -made a sudden raid on the quarters of his Bangala hands, and discovered parts of the q missing men, smoke dried and cut up conveniently in the lockers of the six suspects, now going to trial at 3 Leopoldville. Commandant Guy Burrows, lately Sin the service of the Congo adminis tration, tells a- curious stcry of' the Batake people, a l1--dy of whom he led in a punitive e..pedition- against the Mabode tribes. "I saw a boy hit in: the shoulder by a ball from an old muizze loader," he said, "and yet, although seriously hurt, he looked entirely unconcernedy they are utter fatalists, there fellows. His comrades carried him to one side, away from the rest of the wounded, and when I saw this I remarked: "Take that boy up or .he'll get hit again." "At this half a dozen gravre leaders came to me expostulating. 'He is only a young lad,' they grumbled. You might .iust as well let us have him for killing when the fight Is over.' I drove the monsters from me with my chicotte -or hippo hide whip.Th boy recovered and served me for ' years. But those Batake cannibals never forgave me." DASTARDLY CBDIE. Fiend Enters Home and Gives Chlor oform to Asheville Girl. A disnatch from Asheville to The State says: When the family of Mr. J. A. Wild, living on Hill street, awoke Monday morning, it was dis-' covered that some fiend had entered the house during the night, edmins tered chloroform to Mr. Wild's daughter and atpedto set fire to the bed on which sh lp. Noth ing of value was taken from the house, except a watch belonging to Henry WVild, a son. The family did not retire until after midnight, and When Mr. Wild arose this morning he found the doors of his house open and theplace strongly filled with the odor of chie roform. Upon going to the room of his daughter he found her in a deep sleep and had much difficeulty in arousing her. On the bed was a small bundle of rags thickly satura- . ted with chloroform, while her cloth ing' and hair smelt strongly of the deadly drug. A large number of half purnt matches were strewn on the bed in which she slept and the bed ding was scorched in a number of places. A bloodhound was taken to the scene of the attempted crime and ip parantly found a strong scent, which led the officers through a nearby cornfield, where a watch fob was picked up, which had been attached to the watch stolen from Henry Wild, which indicated that the miscreant 7 had passed that way. The trail was later lost, owing to many people hav ing crossed and recrossed it, thus in terfering with the dog. No further clue has been discover ed, although the search s'.ill continu es. Should the miscreant be discov ered, his life may pay the penalty for his daring crime. An Old .Man. Samuel McCalvin, colored, died Monday of last week at his home in Orangeburg county, at the~ age of 124 years. He was bora in this State in 4783. He was the-oldest man in Or angeburg county and was worth $2.500 in property. He had been~ sick very little i, his life and we he died he had only been in ',cd for two weeks. He leaves eigh-- ciuiikiren, the. Fone of whom is 50 years of age j;bour ':0 grandchildren, eight treat ;ran bildren and seven great-great rrandichildren. H~e was buried in the family bury ng ground Tuesday afternoon at 6 'clock. He owned his own home at - oat wLich place he died. He va highly respected in the neighbor