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FARMERS TRUST. A Speech on the Subject by Ex. Senator McLaurin. IT" WORTH READING. He Presented His Views in a Way Which Attracted Not a Little At tention, and He was ApDlaud ed Frequently by His Hearers. We publish below Ex-Senatcr Mc LauriLS speech before the Cottor Farmers Convention in.Columbia -last week: "Ju;t a few years ago," he said. "the f rnmers of Kansas and Nebraska were turnirg grain to reduce a sur plus, as we have heard recently o burning cotton In Georgia and T.x:Ls. For the few years past the crops ir the west have been the largest oL record and yet wheat is today sellinu at nearly $1.20. the equivalent of 12 1-2 cent cotten, while oats, corn. barley, rye and all otbr focdstuffa are proportionately higb. There is a striking analcgy between wheat and cotton; they are the two great agri culturad export crops of the United States: more and more, the civilized world is looking to oar country for focd and clothing. "It is interesting and instructive in this crisis to find out why it is that the wheat farmer has been able for the past year to hold prices so high! above the European parity. I haven't made the comparison in some time, but not long ago I did and while the European farmers were getting about -80 cents, the American farmer was receiving about 81 per bushel. Right across the border in Canada, wneat was selling for much less than it wa in Michigan. The wheat farmers know that sooner or later Europeor supplies will be exhausted and they must draw on the United States. Making due allowance for war, which always makes provisions higher would not answer the questien, for tba', would mean that European price," should be higher than in the Unitec States. "A shortage in the American crop of 75,000,000 bushels from last year is not 'sufficient explanation. The great competitor of cotton is wool. and trade iournals speak of the almost complete failure of the wool srt p of Australia, and it seems to me that under the ordinary law of supply and demand this should !)e a factor ii. fixing the intrinsic value of cottAn. but we fail to see the effect. "Nature has given the cotton plan ter a great advantage over the whea' grower. While the south enjoys an almost complete monopoly in the pro dtijtion of cotton, wheat is producec all over the world, from the Arctic to lower temperate zones. "There is but one answer to the problem, the wheat farmer is organ ized and has learned the lesson of how to nianage his affairs on the busines principles that govern the other in dust ries of tne world. "~A few years ago they were singing him to sleep with that same old song 'ove -production,' coined by selfish greei to -enable the privileged few tc rob he many. He was pointed, as you are, to the laws of supply and de mar d--another ],pw of God that has beer. prostituted and made to turn the proc ucts of honest labor into the cof - fers of those 'who toll not, neither dc they spin.' "The wheat farmers of the west re plied to these doctrinaires. 'Away with your devil's gospel of greed: we donat believeit. Every grain of omn wheat is consumed each year, and yet we hear of famine in Ireland, India, England and Russia; the wail of the -hungry poor of New York, Londor and Paris reaches our ears. There are bread riots elsewhere, while we burr corn and feed wheat to cattle. Y..um economic theory is all a lie, for you tell these millions that they starve because there is no bread, while you tell us that we starve because of its~ very abundance.' That is just what is being told the cotton farmer today. As Tom Watson said at New Orleans: 'If wem:akelno Crop, itis ruin f we make r.crop, it is ruin, too.' It li the devil, fellow citizens, not God, who promulgated the creed, 'You car and you can't, you will and you won't you are damned if you do and you are damned if you don't.' "What did the wheat farmers do? They first organized. They built warehouses all over the west. When the farmers can store their wheat they get a certi~cate for this, and they can go to any bank and .draw~ their money on it whenever needed. He needn't force his wheat on the market until the price is an induce ment. The trade jtournals told as a year and a half ago that the farmern had passed the word around that they wanted and intended to have .$1 per bushel for their wheat, and in spite of the combined efforts of the specu lators more than a year ago wheat went to $1 a bushel. For a few weeks they forced the price under 90 cents. but the farmers simply refused to sell and today itsiquivalEnt in cotton * would be 12 1.2 cents a pound. Even in the far off Argentine they have taken the cue, and tixed upon 80 cents as the price they demand for wheat, and at every shipping point there is a warehouse where wheat is stored until it brings the price. Fellow citizens, cotton is the only prodtct in the world where the price is fixed entirely by the purchaser, and the man whc makes the ar ticle has no voice in it. You haul a load of cotton into town, you go to a buyer; he ssays, 'Wait til: Liverpool comes in.' In a few min utes it is chalked up c-n the black board, and you are told what yct must take. Gentlemen, this coat ] have on stayed on some merchant'i shelf until I paid his pr ice for it. He told me what he would take and ] either had to pay his price or go with. out. "I he coal trust, the meat trust, a! fix ti-e price of their products and they sen them until they get that price Ycu may starve, you ma3 freez-, you may go naked, but you must pay their price or go without. "A 2l that the New Orleans pla;: mean . is that we, the producers o: the n at-erial that cloth is the world, inten i now and heoceforth and for ever to have a voice inl ising th-s p rice of the p-oducts of our labor. (Cheets.) To talk ab->ut the law o: suppl! and demand to the planter is unde1 present oonditions an insult tc hi htelligenlce. Only a year agt ;otton that had been sod lor coa- i umption and exCorted to Eur;pe was: b-rrowed, rzimported into his coun try and dumped on the mnarket. u ed again and again. until Sully was broken and prices given a blow from which ti ey have never reccvered. "The laws of supply an! demand! Wha-. chance tave you to take advan- i rage or the la ;s of supply and demand when the g ivernment itself discrimi nates against your product, when the wheat farmer is given 25 cents a bushel protection against wheat from Canada and the Argentine and cotton can be brought here free of duty and used to depress the price of your pro duct? Cotton is the only greatstaple I product not protected. Wheat gets 25, corn 15, barley, oats, rye and eoerything else have thrown ar-und it the fostering care of tie govern ment, while cotton is lef t to shift for .tsef, and it is our fault. If we had iad a dut-y of 5 cents a pound on cot 'on imports, Sully, Brown and Hayne could have held the market until it would have declined mater ally under the influerce of a large cr; and this crop would have averaged you 10 cent a pound. "The laws of supply an i demand, indeed: How much good are they to you when the agricultural depart ment spends $1 000.000 a year collect ing accurate statistics on acreage and conditions and before you ever get a chance to market a bale the whole consuming world knows to almost a pound what you will make. What chance did you have last fall after the December report; In a few hcurs cotton was below the cost of produc tion. "Wherever they can the benefit cf the laws of supply and demand are absolutply denied the cotton farmer, while others glory in their beneficence. Fellow citizens, the New Odleans con vention calls upon you to organize for self preservation. I have heard the fneer, :Oh1 you can't get the farmers to unite, the thing will fail.' To these I reply the farmers of the west are .rganized; they control the situation, and toe s:uthern cotton planter, in patriotism, intelligence, patient en durance, self control and courage, is ,he peer of any man, anywhere in this wide world. (Cheera.) '"Will you seize the opportunity or will you trample underfoot the ad van tages given you by God and nature? Let us b:gin, let us organiza for the monopoly given us by God In the pro duction of raw cotton; it is the first step toward that time when within our borders we shall spin all the cot ton made and exporting nothing but the tinished products make the s:cuth rich beyond our wildest dreams. Tiere is a fierce battle going on for ommercial supremacy. This will not stop with the addition of a cent or two to the prica.of cotton; there are issues of greater moment, it is a dght for the supremacy of -he south in the great industrial war -iow being waged in this world. The watchfires are lighted on the hilltops and the ougle has sounded the call to arms; .he tramp of the legions may be -ieard from the Cape Fear to the Rio Grand. "The convention at New Orleans threw down the gauge of battle and the captains of the tens and hundreds are mustering Israel's hosts. "I warn you that the fight will be long, hard and bitter; if we fail it means the world's contempt for a people who could not use God given ,pportunities. It we succeed, 0, men, and the sons of men, who followed the starry cross over thebilis of Vir giia and amid the - swamps of the tfississippi, who rejoiced with Jack son at Bull Run and wept with Lee at Appomattox, it means, 0, Lord God of battles, that thou hast reversed thy verdict at Gettysburg and Appomat tox, it means victory, victory for the south without the shedding of a wi dow's tear or the loss of a single drop of human blood. "Fellow citizens, the Issue was made at New Orleans, It is Dixie avenue against Wall street! The man who falters and hesitates is the man who would make a few paltry dollars, by increasing his acreage at the expense of his patriotic neighbor, is a coward and a traitor to his own section and people. (Cheers.) "The New Orleans convention found itself confronted by two pro positions. "First, to take care of the present surplus of 2,000,000 bales. "Second, to curtail the acreage of the current year. "Third, to find new markets by 1907, so as to put our industry on a stable basis and prevent a recurrence of preseot conditions; "For the 2,000,000 bales of cotton a pool has been formed with ample capital to back it. If trusts are to be the order of the day, we wiLl cease to be the only victim, and we will have a cotton trust, too; not a seciet, dark lantern arrangement, but a trust formed for self protection, in broad open day, by the representatives of 25.000,000 people in 20 States of this union, producing the crop upon which the whole world relies for clothing material. *"This is the most gigantic combi ation ever dreamed of. Wbat the reslt will be no man can tell. "One thing is sure, if you carry it out like every other trust It will be effective. Refuse to sell your cotton, but instead deposit it in a warehouse and draw your money at the banking agencies established by the cotton trust, and in addition reduce your acreage; it means that the men who form this pool will have the consumers and bear speculators at their mercy, and you can dictate prices for the next crop. Whether the power would be abused or not is another question; but I do say, that it makes you for the time the complete masters of the cotton world, and that you will have to be consulted about the price of your product. No one will tell you what he will give, but will anxiously inquire what you will take for your cotton. "I say further, fellow citizens, that conditions which force a whc ie people to attempt the organization c f a trust, which, like every other tru~st, has for Iits object the overturning of the na tural law of supply and demand, brands as something false and wrong the political and industrial conditions under which its occurs. It presents a problem that cries out for solution along reasonable, natural lines. The statesman who denies it is a fraud. the political economist who shirks it is a hypocrite, and the Christian who passes it by is a traitor to his G3od and country. As to whether such a gigantic trust, with its millions of members,Ucanl succeed, and its etLact on public interests, constitute prob lems too deep for me. There is no other solution offered for the imme diate situation, and it is your duty and my duty to stand by the New Or leans convention, and organize every 2county and precinct in the State. Tex as and other States are thoroughly or there when the long roll sounds, or prove false to ali of her traditions. I thought and said at the couvcnti'u that the permauont sOlution of the cotton prcblem w-uld come from tiod ing wider markets for cotton goods. No intelligent and concerted action has ever been made on large scale in this direction. "Among the 402,060,000 people of China we cau tiiac. a ready market at reasonable prices for all the surplus cotton the world can produce. It has been figuren out that the world can use 42 600.000 balIs of cotton. "There is anoder thing that is being done on a co;nstantly increasirg scale, nh! Chinese are importing yarns from this c,.untry and weaving it into cloth on the r hand looms, like those our great grandmothers ased back in s!avery days. What a tirld there Is bere among these people, rich with the htored up wealth of centuries The cotton piant in China is a little stunted thing, with almost no staple; they can raise too many other cr,-ps of greater value for them to make cotton. Sell them our cotton goods dire-ct and bring back their camphor, hemp, spices and teas. I derived most of my information ab ut China from Minister Wu, and he ,aid the south would find its salvation in the China markets, and he should certain ly know. Mr. McLaurin called attention to the fact that while the merchant fixes t'ie price on his wares and refuses to sell until he gets a price satisfactory, the cotton farmer must take what ever price is uffered. He is the only class in the world offering a cmmodi ty for sale who has absolutely nothing to do with the fixing nf the price of that commodity. In 1898 when there was a surplus crop. one firm opened a new market in Onina and disposed of $20,000,000 worth of manufactured goods. He had been a member of the committee to visit the president and to appeal to congress. He had seen the president Monday and had receiv ed assurance that Mr. Roosevelt would give the weight of his otlice to pro moting the interests of the greatest industry in the world. He declared that the representatives at Washing ton get far away from their people sometimes until the people spank them and teach them batter manners. This being taken as a philosophical and good natured acknowledgment of his own political errors, was greeted with laughter and applause. For the rea son that the fepresentatives get so far away, he argued, they should be ad monished by just such an orgau.zation as this. In c nu-1ing Mr. McLaurin spoke as ,.,aIj in refeeence to tariff re vision: "Why should the wheat farmer use free twine to wrap his protected wheat, while the cotton farmer uses protected baggin;: to wrap his free ctten?I He showed how the south is discriminated azsinst in the tariff. Eistern monopoists have schemed cunningly to pluncer the south. Nine ty per cent. of the imports which are admited t competition in this coun try are competing with prcducts of the south. 'Let us demand that in the com ing revision of the tariff our represen tatives see that the south gets her share of all that is going, that we are recognized as an integral part of this union, ready to share its burdens and if need be fight its battles, but de manding in ~return a full share of all the benefits of national life. "Let us organize but keep our or ganization ot of politics. Let the watchword be "measures not men." I have no ccnfidence in help coming from any po'.itical party now in exis tence, until we are strong enough to force It from any party that may hap pen to be in power. A man never gets justice until he is strong enough to force in with a 'b'g stick.' "The great questions with which we are confronted have no place in the little cabals, factions and caucus es of political parties, for-there petty jealousies and selfish ambition ever outweigh the country's good. - "In conclusion, fellow citizens, I give you this sentiment, God bless South Carolina; if she is right I am with her: if she is wrong, 'bone of my bone, flesh of my flesh, God bless her still I am with her.' " CBXATED A SENSATIOJ. A New York Congressman Dares the House to Egpel Him. Before a big vote was taken in the house on the shipbuilding bill Wed nesday. Mr. Baker of New Yorz, creat ed a sensation by offering the follow ing resolution. ''That while this house views with horror the beliberate destruction of human lire, at all times and under all circumstances, yet It declares as rep rehensible as was the murder of Grand Duke Sergius it was not more wanton than the massacre perpetrat ed by the Russian government onTan ury 22, when thousands of unarmed men, women and children were butch ered in cold blood; and that It regards the murder of those helpless, unof fending men, women and children as one of the most dastardly crimes ever perpetrated; that, in refusing to ex press the horror of the people of this country at that fearful time, while asserting that both the American gov ernment and the people view the kill ing of Grand Duke Sergi with ab horrence, the president has not and does not voice the real sentiment of the people of the United States " In an excited manner Mr Baker asserted that he had been told that if he introduced the resolution, a mo tion would be made to expel him from the house. Rushing down the aisle and waving the resolution In his hand, he deposited it in -a box pro vided for such measures, and defied any one to make a motion to expel him. ''Make it now :" hie shoutE d. "Ex pel! expel! expel! I tell you to in troduce your motio ai to expell!" Previous to this MIr. Baker had pro voked considerable dissention by con demning the president's action in sending a message of condolence to Emperor Ntcholas. Wants to b'e Juadge. A dispatch from Washington says Rpresentative Lever tied vwith the president Wednesday the application of Col. John C. Haskell to be onc of the judges of railroad court to be created when the rsilroad rate bill be comes law, if -.n eve: does. The appli cation mentiors tont Col. Haskell is a brother-in-law of Wade Hampton and personal frier~d of Hugh Thompson, who was marny years a friend of toe president. ________ Giood for Nofrord. The election of Geo. E. Prince makes tive of the -circuit judges in S,uth Carolina graduates of Wafford college, and one of the supreme court judges Is also a graduate of that in stmtmion. A COTTON PICKER. A Successful Machine Frought to At tention of Government. The Apparat as Was Tested Near Mcatgomcry, Alabama. The Tests Dully Described. A dispatch from Washington says report. reachi: g the department of ag ricultLre indikate that a cotton pick ing machine which will really pick cotton has been invented and has stood a practical test. The patent office is tilled with designs of cotton picking machines that have been filed in the past, but no entirely satisfactory re sults have ever been attained. Last year an apparatus designed by C. A. Lowry, who invented the round bale ginning machine, was brought to the attention of the bureau of plant in dustry of the department of agricul ture, and the chief of that office, Pro fessor B. T. Calloway, arranged to have the operations of the device in spEcted by J. F. Puggar, director of the Alabama experiment station, and C. H. Billingsley, an agent of the de partment. The tests were made near Montgomery. Mr. Billingsley's report has reached Professor Calloway and has been found to contain many points of intere, t. It is as follows: "Briefly stated, the machine con sists of a frame on four wheels, two of which are flanged traction or drive wheels: a four-horsepower gasoline engine which drives the sup poroing wheels by means of spiocket chain connections, thu.. cirrying the entire machine forward at a rate which is under the control of the operator. The engine also drives the mechaniim which carries the picking belts. The essential part of the machine Is the picking arms. There are eight of these-one for each hand of the four operators, whao ride on the machine for the purpose of directing these pick ing arms. Last, there is an engineer to guide the machine and four men or boys (preferably boys) to point th tips of these p!cking arms at the open bolls as the machine moves past the plant. "Eich picking arm may be likened to small tin trough closed on the sides ani bottom and open on the top. This trough is about 2 1-4 inches wide and about the same deep. In its botton runs an endless belt of cloth and rub ber 2 inches wide and thickLy studden with metal tacks bent upward, some thing like the cards used in making bats of wool and cotton. Tnese tacks do the picking, the contact of even a few fibers being sufficient to draw the entire 3ontents of an open boll against the be't; which carries the seed cotton up 4 f -t into a receptac'e. This belt travels at the rate of 360 feet per min ute. The lower end of the trough has no sides or bottom, ttus exposing about Inches of the under side of the studddA belt, as well as its lo*3r end and upper side. This permits th a pIck irg of a boll either from above or from below or even makes possible th . pick ing of .otton from the ground. I tried the h.ndling of the arms and found them so light, movable and nicely bal anced ais to ma.ke the guiding of that an eas:' task. .a - "Wish cotton stems asbrittle as those used in testing the machine, a snall proportion of boils break off and both burrs an~d seed cotton sts.rt up the endless Delt. Most of these burrs are knocked of and thrown out by a loose email r.:ller and by a series of wire pins in the sides of the trough snd about hal' an inch above the out er surf ace of t ie tacks or teeth of the picking belt. An effective brush re moves ahe seed cotton frr-m the endless belt very thoroughly. "I consider the principles on which the machine operates- correct and practical. In a few features it is In an experimental stage. The cotton grower will demand the following re quiremnents of a cotton picker. "1. Thoroughness of work; that is, the picking of a largz percentage of the total seed cotton in the field, leav ing little adhering to the plant or on the ground. "2 A product in p~cked seed cot ton, not excessively..trashy or contain ing much trash beyond the possibility of removal of clearing machinery at the gin. "3 Durability of const; uction, with such simplicity and lightness as to bring its cost within reach without much expense for interest on the in vestment. "4. Ezonomical operation; not re quiring excessive labor or fuel, and no great degree of technical skill on the part of the chief aperator. "5. The capacity to pick muck more coton per day than could be picked by field hands equal In number to the crew required for the machine. The conditions under wh~ch the test were made are described by Mr. Biliingsley as follows: "Cotton plants: Entirely dead, near ly all of the leaves d rpped; picked ~once before and now onl about three and one half bolls to the plant. The plants were small, about 20 or 22 Inch es high, in 4 foot rows, thick In the drill, poorly thinned so there were many plants together In many cases. The variety was Pet.'rin, which has very smnall bc'lls. and. In this case, contained a large percentage ol' Im ,mature frosted balls only partially opened. "Soil: Sandy or sandy loam, quite dry, in which the machine moved easily. In places crab grass was thick ly entangled with the open cotton, but this condition did not prevent satis factory work, although increasing the trash. "To test the thorcughness of the work, samples were taken of all the seed cotton left unpicked or on the ground on a definite number of plants. This was done wtere the machine had operate L, and, for comparsson, where the usu Li hand picking had been :lone. I found by comparisan that abou t two to two and one-half as much cotton was leftI behind by the macnine as by the he nd pickers. I estimate -the amount of trash as, perhaps, d auble that left by a careful picker, but I eard .ne man say that he had had hands :o get as uuh trash as the machin e. I think this trash wiould all be r*am ved by the gin. It is too early to judge as to the wearing qual ities of the machine. The weight of the machine, except for the eogine and whe~els, is slight. "The cost of operation is surnmed up in the statemnent that four boys can do the pics ing and one mar can guide the machine. I think the labor could bE had at $2 per day, or, ai the most, 5:: 50 pex day. The cost cf the gasoline would )e slight. I found that the macaine me red almost exactly 333 feet per hour, i ncluding the timE lost in' turniog and -emoving cotton frem the receptacles. As it picks one entire row unexer the :nachi?ne and two half rows ('qual to two entire rows alto area covered in one hour was nearly one-fifth of an acne. It is possible for the mac!ine to be uperated faster than it was when I inspected it. Dur ing the test sEveral counte showed that each boy was gatherirg more than 100 bAls per minute, or about 1 pound of seed cotton for each boy per minute, or 60 pt-unds per hour, or 240 pounds <f seed cotton per hour for the mact ire. Tals is estimating that it would require 100 bolls to make a pound, 1 ut there are many varieties 70 or 75 bolls of which will give a p und." The e tpartment of agriculture, of ccurse, hi.s no interet in the matter, beyond its general desire to do every thing in its power to aid the farmers of the country. k ive Men slain. At Pottsville, Pa., Saturday, five men were killed and thirteen injured in an accident on N). 2, slope of No. 1 collery, of the Lyttle operation, by a fall of top rock while a gunboat load ed with eighteen men on their way to work was going down the shaft. Three of the killed were foreigners, wbile the other two were Americans. The bodies were not brought to the sur face until noon. The dead: Henry B. Moore. Daniel Degan. Sylvester Pellock. Peter Mostof.,kye. George Katler. Two of the inj ured were removed to the Pottsville hospital and although they are badly crushed about the body and legs, thEir injuries are not thought to be fatal. The others were cut and bruised and suffered from other minor injuries. The trip preceeding the one on which the accident occurred the "gun boat" knocked down some timbers on the east track. The car containing the men struck the disarranged props and tore others from the top of the shaft, causing a fall of rock. The greater part of the rock fell on the forward end of the car, crushing the life out of the five men seated there. Several men jumped from the "gun boat" when they heard the timbers giving away and escaped almost cer tain death. M!chael Degan, who was but slight ly inj ired, was found lying by the side of his brother, Dtniel, who was killed. He said that his brother did not die for several minutes after the fall oc curred and that he sp.jke to him and was answered, while both were weight ed down with tons of rck. Tue Wages o Sin. A terrible tragedy was enacted I few days ago in the office of a magis trate at Jacksonville, Fla. Here is the awful story as conveyed Wy an Asso. ciated Press dispatch: Mrs Joseph H. Freeman lies mortally wounded, hei daughter, Miss May Brown, is dead and City Detective W. B. Cahoon Is seriously wounded as a result of a shooting affray in the court room of L L. Earris, justice of the peace, Wednesday morning. Mrs. Freemat had brought actio n againsc Owen E Loadholatz, charging him with ruin ing her daughter. The parties, of the case had gone to the court room p: e pared for trouble. According to wit nesses of the tragedy, Mrs. F'reemaz attracted Loadholdtz's attention bi callirg his name and fired at him. His reply was prompt and deadly. E fired five times an'd every shot took effect Mrs. Freeman was shot fout times in ;he breast and her'daughter, who had iired once, was shot in the mouth ar.d instantly killed. Detec tive Cabc an, who was attempting tc disarth Ltdholdtz, was shot in the back, evi-lently by one of the women. Loadhold tzwas arrested and is in jail. Joseph B r n brother of the girl wh was kille, , arrived on the scene imme diately after the shooting and wai locked up for a time by order of Jus tice Farris to prevent further trouble, but was soon after released. Reward For A Itascal. Notwithstanding the fact that sc many people have been victimized b3 rascals pretending to be representing periodicals for which they take sub scriptions at quite a reduced ratebut always payable in advance-a sharpe1 got in his work here recently and se cured the names of many subscribers to The Saturday Evening Post, pub lished by the Curtis company of Phil adelphia. This Is a standard family and fireside paper, and it requires lit tle solicitaticn to get subscriptions. One of those victimized here wrote tc the company, and Wednesday received ed the following answer: "The mar who secured your subscription is ar imposter, for whose arrest we have of~ fered a reward of $25. He has no an. thority whatever to act for us, and we are doing everything in our powei to secure his apprehension. If you can in any way In the future cooperate with us in securing his conviction we will be glad to tutn over to you the reward of 325.-The State. A Missing Bridegroom. - A dispatch from Florence to The State says last Thursday morning a man named Dave Ballenberger came there from R isemary, Georgetown county, and registered with his wife at Berry's hotel. Ballenberger bought from Mrs. Boucheit the next day t44 worth of clothing and gave in payment a check on the Georgetown bank. Mrs. Bouchelt found out that Mr. Ballen berger had no money in the George town bank, and he was made to re turn the goods, and Mr. Berry, hear ing of this asised them to leave their boarding place. Ballenberger has not been heard of since. His wife was left there in the city at the mercy of those who would help her. The city council's attention being called to the matter, gave her money to pay her way back to Georgetown, her home. The son of the missing man was there Thurs day looking for him, but so far has heard notning of him. Ballenberger is said to be a very goad man by those who know him, and has lived near Georgetown for a number of years. He had been married married there and was on his hridal trip when he came to Florence. Getting Uneasv. A dispatch frm Charleston says there is so me uneasiness among the numerous Republican of~ceholders in Charlesson and elsewhere in South Carolina on aceout of the latest or der of President Roosevelt notifying the officeholders that they can not re tain their federal commissions if they occupy political 9ositions. Many of ficeholders are afrected, chiefly State Chairman Deas, whom many mem bers of his party have been trying to depose fo: some time. Collectors Crum of Charleston, Small of B~au fort arnd other c.,lcials are affected. District A atorney Capers' position as refeee and adviser to the president and memb its of t le national commit tee comnes in a different class and he will not be involved in the operation of the civi service regulations which are about to be applied in South Car oina. T3KN O SXTY JIARS In Prison MXnJor Carrington of Geor gia for Stealing. Major Frank De L. Carrirgton, who has been given the remarkable sen tence of sixty years and five days by a co:.rt la Manila, is a native of Geor gia, and was appointed to tl e military academy from Georgia on ;he 1st of September, 1874. He h;:s served throughout his service as an. cfflier it the First infantry, with the exe:ptior, of the period of the Spanish war, wher he was lieutenant colonel of the 8t California infantry. He was assigned for duty in com mand of the battalion of Filipinc scouts at the St. L uis eroosirion After reaching St. Lo.uis charges wert filed against him, and he was received from duty there and c rdered baAk tc the Philippines for trial. M~ajor Car rington was entrusted with certain funds to be expended in the cellecti D of certain positions of the Philippine exhibit. While on a transport en route to this country with his scouts an auditor discoverkd the alleged short age. AR stated in the dispAtches, Major Carringion made practically nc defense, his attorneys contenting themselves with raising the question 01 jurisdiction and other techmcal points, and the result was his conviction or five different counts, for each of which he was sentenced to twelve years and one day. The trial was not by court martial, but was ander the civil law of the is lands, which is built o the old Spanis'l law. Tae heavy sentence is said by officials of the insular bureau to be it keeping with the policy of the island courts to be particularly hard upot Americans convicted of crime, foz moral effect upon the Filipinos. AE Major Carrington is now 50 years old the chances for his living out a sen tence of sixty years cannot be said tA be particularly good, even in the sal ubrions surroundings in which Bilibic prison Is situated. Rotation of Crops. Let not our farmers be dishearten. ed about the price of cotton, says Mr Charles Petty in the Pr, -gressive farm er. This was a great country beforf any cotton was made. It cotton neve: gets to 12 cents again, we have thE land, the climate and the facilities fo making It a most prosperous and pro gressive section of the union. Th first step in improving the soil Is 2 wise rotation of crops. This is t N season of the year to plan for that There can be no ratotion witbou small grain. This is not a clover sac tion. Alfalfa may do well, but it wil not be planted generally. Our farm eis will sti.k to cotton, corp, smal grain, peas, and in some sections t tobacco. We consider tlz's a wis, rc tation: Corn, with pet s planted o s wn fi sj year; small grains followe with peas sown broadcast or plnte thick and cultivated the sec.ond year cotton the third year. That will brin back to corn again. Du-ing ths three year period each lot of land s iould b sub s -iled'onee or twice. It would b better to do i every year. Such a rc tation 'wi improve poor land an keep up better land to a high s -ate C production. The farmers who hav L.een following this plan ses eral year generally have something 1.0 s all th year round, and if they are holdi -ir few bales of cotto.1, they ares not s'ted ding many tears Boodle in Court. At Butler, Mo., while C'srles Ke] ly, ex-member of the St. Louis hous of delegates, was testifying Friday I: the t-rial of Charles Kcatz, there wa a great stir at the door of the cour room caused by the entrance of fly detectives and the local express agen with the package containing the $60, 000 boodle fund. One detective car ried a shotgun. Tne money was pro duced while the lawyers and detec tives crowded about. Tne notes wer taken out and c-unted before the jury Kratz, 'the defendant, suddenly be came pale and it was necessary to ad sist him to Judge Danton's privat room, he lost consciousness. The tria was delayed for more than a half hou before Kratz again entered th~e room He trembled noticebaly as he walktet to his accustomed seat. Commits Snicide. At Georgetown on Monday night c last week a sailor, Arthur L. Hare b, name, a, mere boy of 22 ~years, corn mitted suicide with chloroform oi board the schooner Edgar C. Ross l Winyab bay. From appearances young Hare belongs to people o means and refinement. He was wel dressed and Dossessed an excellen wardrobe. .He was the pet and lif of the c:ew. Letters containing en dearing terms in excellent composi tion and handwriting were found 0] his person from his father in Toronto Canada, and his sweetheart, a Mis Bertha Hayes of Chicago. Fool Killer Needed. In taking leave of Johns Hopkin to become regius professor of medi clne at Oxford, Dr. William O3ler de livered an address in which he de laed that men over 40 years of agi are not worth much in the world and that men over 60 are practically use less and might as well be chloroform ed. Dr. Osler may change his opin Ion when he reaches his three scor' years. Will Fight It Out. The Czar has decid~d that he wil fight It out with Japan if it takes al summer and there is much logic in hi, cententon that a withdrawal from the war at this time, when RumIa': resources are far from being exhaust d and the military situation is by rn means hopeless., would give the ene mies of the government real grount for complaint of a betrayal of thi country's Interest. Made to Order. A French newspaper asserts tha1 the trade in "artiiicial" mummies Ii Egypt amounta every y ear to morn than $200,000. Most of th-e up-to "mummy factories" are in .Baly, bui there are also a great number of then in Germany, France and En..-land. Fa&.ally Shot. Jno. T. Hunt, who conducts a res taurant in Columbia, was shbot anc prehaps fatally wounded on Tuesda3 night week by Charley Walkar. Somu time ago Walker was arre ;ted anc Hunt went on his bond. W .lker not appearing for trial the bond was for feited and Hunt had to pay it-an this was the origin of the. trou'ole No Mixing. Gov. Hock, of Ka'nsas, he. signed the bill providing for seper te high schools for whites and blacks at Kan sas City, Kansas. The wb tes da manded seperate schools, as a result of the stabbing of a white puil by a negro FUND3 POURIit 1W. The Oil and Fertillzr Vills tre Con tributing Llbarally. The Columbia State says the appea' of the South Carolina~Cottou associa tion has met with prompt responses, and checks are now coming into the office of the treasurer, Mr. F H. Hy att. "You can't run an orga.nizition on wind," said Mr. Hyatt Friday. So after a cnsultati n with Mr. E D Smith and Mr. F. H. W- ston he wired a great many of the cotton seed oil mills and textile mills in the State. It was 6 o'clock in the after noon before the telegraph office had encluded sending oft the messages and even before the last bad been .nt the responses began to arrive. F sllowing are some of the answers from repre' entative pe'ple: "Am pleased to be ab!e to assist Fou.'"-Lewis W. Parker. "Draw on me personally for amount isked for P.ess the good work." G. F. Pirrott, manager of the Lee C ,unty Manufacturing company. "Will contribute $25 toward the >rganization as requested.''-Leroy 3prings. "You may draw on me for $100 as contributicn to the Southern Cotton association."-Frank E Taylor, Ash ,poo Fertilizir company of Charles ton. "We take great pleas are in contrib uting $100 to Southern Cotton associ ation work.-Etiwan Firtilizar com pany. "We gladly contribute $100 for your cause."-Reed Fertilizer com pany. "The Independent Ctton 01 com oany (,f Darlington) will cheersully make contribution dsired"--B. K dth D.irgan, president. "We will entribute 1150 to help the Southorn Cotton association." indeson Pcesphate and Oil company. 'We will contribute with pleasre to the Sou'hern Cvtton association Check mailei today f r amount re quested. "-F rt Motte Oil mill. "We are mailing you our check for $1."-Hartsville Oil mill. "Will send you our check for $10." -Clinton Oil and Manufacturing com pany. "Draw od us for $100."-The W. G MacMurphy campany, Char eston "Make dreft on us for $10."-Ker shaw 0.1 mills. "Draw on us for $10."-Frmers' Cotton Oil company of Brunson. In addition to these werz. several telegrams saying that certain mill man agers were no' at their offices when the messages were received, but that the appeal of the Cotton G:ow ers' association would receive favora ble consideration upon the return of the parties in charge 'of the respec - tive properties. I Mr. W. S. Boyster, in the absnen of the resident manager of the F S -yster plant gave a check for $50, r which may be inzreased at a later day. I , The Taylor manufacturiigcompany of Columbia sa' sribed $25, and the South Carolina Cotton Oil company, through Mr. H. E Wels,. gave $100 SMr. Wel's gave addit.o ial ass stance to' the cfficers of the South Carolina Cotton ass ici tlon as did Mr. Chils o Ipher Fitz~imat s vice president of the S -outihern Cotton Oil company, which ehas been asked to contribute from its N ew York offi:es 8400 as the quota Sfrom its mills in this Sate. Value of the miltia. We agree with The State that it is a great mistake to decry the tseful ne. s of the militia. The national con stitution Its If assur~s rs that a well regu'ated mili'is is "neems try to the s teurity of a free State." In South Carolina it is peculiirly neersstry. Tnere are sectiot s, in the outlying por tio: s of the State wrhere the militia Is the sole power for lawful retraint. If there is isorder of any sort, it is to the lccal militia company that the State must look for preservation of the lives andi property of her cit:zmns. Ia those setions without this securi ty is has not been an unprecedented event for the city soldiery to be called to their assistance. The members of these organiz ttions are no "tin sol diers." They are, In large, serious and patriotic men who are doing the duty in those spais ly peopled localities for which pclicemen are paid salaries in the more populous centers. Any legis lator wishing to discredit the militia man had first better make sure that fhe is himself as :.s.ful and patri-tic a cit zen. A Great TanneL. A dispatch from Geneva, Switzer land, stys the boring of the Simplon tunnel, 1uw ith is thirteen mik s long, we s comnpleaed Friday morning. The accomp is iment of the engineering feat was celebrated ina a fitting man ner. Tne work on the tunnel, wbi ih is the longest In the world, began live years ago. The tunnel begirs at B izue, Switzerland, and ends at ILela, Italy. It rur s through the heart of ahe Alis. The work has been most d ficult, owing to ths fact that the bore pass d through some of the high st mounttins of the Alps. Foolish Girls. -A dispatch from Indianapolis, Indi ana, says a bill was introduced In the Legislature of that State to prevent whites from marrying persons having more than one-eight Filipino blood. "ne bill grew out of a situation at Bloomington, where Filipino students are attending the State university and are fl rting with white girls. Parents of these girls are fearful of marriages and' have requested the passage of the bill. Killed His Uncle. Tucsday evening about dark B. B. Chavis shot and killed his uncle, Mor gan Chavis, near the John SmIth place, in Jefferson county Ga. There were no eye- witnesses to the shooting. It is thought that both of the men were drinking to some extent. B. B. Chavis claims he did the killing In self-defense. Both parties concerned moved from South Carolina to this county. Don't Like Them. A man named Nick Britton, near 'Alcolu, ficed on an automobile con tanng Judge Benet and Lawyer P. A. Wilcox. He protested against auto mobiles traveling the road. B. A. Jenkins of Sumter the driver of the machine, dismounted and argued and bluffed Britton into allowing the auto mobile and its party to pass without further molestation. Britton will pro bably be nrosecuted. I Killed Himself. Col. Charle; S. Arnal, one of the best known Insurance men in ther south and distinguished citizen of Atlanta, con~mitted suicide Thurs Iday at his residence by shooting. No reason is known for the act. He rep resents a~ Hartford, Conn., company. The rem-:.ins will be sent to Staun ton, Va. Capt. Arnal's former home, for interment. A WPR LANDLORD. ,k Good Example for Owners of Cot. ton Lands to Follow. The Atlant'I Jlurnal says "of th aundreds of letters, dealng with the totton situati~n, which iave been re xeived by The Joirnal within the last few weeks, few have pleased us well as the following: 3arnesvlLe. Ga., Feb. 15, 1905. "Editor Atlants Journal: "I have seei many letters of eg estion and alv!ce with refereree to holding cotton and reducing acreage. MXost of them are good, put Ivre sume to offer a suggsAtio whicinI taave adopted myself, and which I cmmend to every landl rd In the cotton growing states. Knowingbe absolute ne:ecsity of holding all -0d tononhaadfo:9 to 10 cents and re ducing acreage from 25 to 35 par cent and knowing that th3 average tenen cannot reduce acreage so log as he has to pay two biles t> the plow ran in addition to his guano an-so account, and probably mule ren which must all be paid with citton, called in my tenants - about-n days ago and said to them that another:s big crop of cotton would mean a pr>C of -5 cents next fall. I told thein that I am heartily in favor (f plying with the reque .t made by.the New Orleans convention to. reduse acreage, and that- in order to enabi& them to do so I proposed to entthe ce'tton rent -Jst one-halI, and alle n them to pay me one bale per m n stead of two and the value of other bale in corn, oats, peas ,hayor00 potatoes at the market price. quired that they reduce their coito acreage 33 per cent. and sow the il land in oat; and in peas immed after cutting oats. . My heartily and readily accepted propositon, and took out tot r farms six bushels of Appleratst 'hi plow to be sown as soon ast weather peruits. Iconfidentlally lieve that If every landlord-w11 o the same he will get more moveyo , the one bale than he would tbeC* two bales under the old plan; and' the same time makelis tenants mo prosperous and happy. This pursued indefiaitely will Imprve lands and setrde the question of oveD. production forever. I will put c ton above 10 cents and keep it. it there indefinitely. Lanord teants will have full barns and. houses, fat mules, horses and ' . and money in the bank. ' "Ycusatrul , - "J. W. STA7F&oED" This reveals a tbooughgrasp f situation, a genuine willingness o operate and a knowledge of hbwto4' ec-o.erated with the planter. verj. landlord in the cotion country, paste a-copy of that lettereb Fiaas'co bo R,tWarned. A dispatch from Washington?.. The State says great interest manifested among -southerners in the senate's action ina resolution for the return ofan the 06nTederate flags to the ates which they belong Here are the South Carolina faj to be returned: Fag, numb r of regiment unkuono by Tcirty-ninna New York, at Antl tam. Flag, number of regimentunkaw,; by E ghty-second Pennsylvaniaa - hlalvern Hill. Eleventh South Carolina, insced "Port R.oya~l, Cedar Creek :Swft Creek, Petersburg, June 24, Weldon . railroad." $ Sixteenth South Carolina. by One. Hundredth and Fifty-seventn Penn sylvanma, at Five Forks. Twenty-seventh South Carolina~b Eigt teenth Massachusetts. B ghth South Catroulna, captured by Gen. Sheridan's forces. S.;uth Carolina State flag, itr-' unknown. Flag of Sumter's Flying artilleY> by Ouster cavalry at Appomator Sumnter Heavy 'artillery, by F~r~ New York Lincoln Volunteer cavar~ at Sailor's Creek. No Mixing Ba~ces. At Richmond, Ky., Barea oeg' was fined $1,000 for violation o the Day law, which prohbibts the'ca tion of the white and colored ru4 While the law is general in Iomt? was aimed directly at Berea nole ' which has for fifry yeais condatd& school and college for the educt.tion of all yout~h of good moral chi racter When the law was passed the co~ee authorities at once declared tbieir in tetion to abide by its provisioni pending a decision as to its constitu tionality. In order to raise the ques tion a technical violation of tne iet~ was committed and on such violation, by consent, the colleg's as a corpora tion was Indicated. Thes college de murred to the indictment, and ihSL questi.)n of constitutionality was thus raised. Briefs were dield by both sides, Thursday Judge Benton -over ruled the demurrer and held the law constitutional. TJhe conviction and fine followed, as a matter of coursej as the college made no defense as to the facts. SKills a Soldier. Thomas Harris, 27 years old of Bil. more, N. C., a corporal in the Thirty first company, coast artillery, sta tioned ar, Fojrt Cawell, N. C., died. Thursday as the result of a gnshot wound pert rating the stomach and ificted by Sergeant Lee Kye of the same command, on Monday night. Kye had been aslgned to special duty in running down the Illicit sale of Iquor on tee government reservation and accosted Harris in the dark, com mnding him to halt and consider himself under arrest. Harris, It is said, gave the sergeant an Insolent command in return and started to run when the sergaant fired. The re mains were brought Thursday en route to the yoaing man's former home. Kye is ur:der arrest and Maj. Rade, in commaad of the post, Is conducting an investigation of the affair. _ _ _ _ A Good i:esolucien. Here Is a Fort Bend county farm er's resolution for this year; "I have tried to make a barrel of money each year and let some other fellow furnish my living. I started with a bank ac count on the credit side and now I have an account on the debit side. Therefore be it resolved, that I will make -my own bread and mesat this year, furnish myself, and let the bar rell o.' money go to thunder." It would pay our farmers generally to adopt the above resoluti':n. Keejre vue Money. The suit uf Johni R. Platt, the oc togenarian mllilonaire, to recover $685, .00 paid by him at various times to thea negress, Hannah Elias, has been dismissed, the New.York court hold me. tat It Wr ai volinrarily.