University of South Carolina Libraries
GEN. R. F. LEE. *he Intimate life of the Great Com i mander Made Public. SOME MOOTED rOINTS SETTLED. Letters Prodiced Givini: Glimpses! of His Greatness That Even His Comurades in Arms Never Understood. In "Recollections and Letters of General Robert E. Lee," by his son, Robe:t E. Lee, which has just been issued from the press of Doubleday, Page & Co., New York, an interesting volume has been added to the litera ture of the civil war, and the mostj intimate picture, yet drawn of the southern cemmander in his private and eLicial life is given. The author does not attempt to enter the ield of the histcrian as far as the w ar itself is concerned. As the titlle of the work implies it is largely composed of his father's letters, most of them to his immediate family, and he makes no addition of value to the m'litary history of the late war. The chief interest of the took lies in its person al phase, as relating to the daily life, the mental attitude and characteris tics of General Lee. This correspondence, most of it of the most intimate character, in a measure serves to refiect General Lee's views on the great questions with which his career is so closely bound. Writing with all the freedom of a husband and father to wife and chil d:en, or to intimate friends, letters which he probably never dreamed would see print, the man himself stands revealed. Throughout his cor respondence is a deviutly religious tone. Hardly a letter is given but which evidences the deep faith of the man. Writing from camp and from battlefield, he seldom failed to ac knowledge or invoke divine help for his cause, his family, and himself. There is a notable absence of military information in these letters. Wherever it is brought in it is incidental and these who anticipated light on the military problems of the great struggle will be disappointed. STOOD TO MS STATE. The author condenses into one chapter the peroid prior to his father's iesignation frcm the United States army, and confines himself to General Lee's own utterances in letters to his family and friends as to the motives which actuated him in his decision. Writing to his sister, Mrs. Ann Mar shall, on the day he tendered his resignation, General Lee said: "Now we are in a state of watr which will yield- to Lolhing. The whole south Is in a state of revolution, into which Virginia, after a long struggle, has been drawn; and though I recogniz no necessity for this state of things, and would have forborne and pleaded to the end for redress of grievances, real or supposed~ yet in my own person I had to answer the question whether I should take part against my native state. With all my devotion to the union and the feelings of loyalty and duty of an American citizen, I have not been able to make up my mind to raise my hand against my relatives, my children, my home. I have, therefore, resigned my commission in the army and save in defense of my native state, with the sincere hope that my poor services may never be needed, I'hope I may never be called on to draw a sword." On the same day he wrote in similar strain to his brother, Captain Sydney Smith Lee of the United States navy. DID NOT WANT CIoD1AND). In 1868 General Lee wrote to Senator Reverdy Johnson in regard to a debate in the senate in which Senator Simon Cameron had made certain state ments. In this letter General Lee said: "I never intimated to any one that I desired the command of the United States army; nor did I ever have a conversation with but one gentlemen, Mr. Francis Preston Blair, on this subject, which was at his invitation and as I understood, at the instance of President Lincoln. After listening to his remarks I de clined the offer he made me, to take -command of the army that was to be brought into the field, stating as courteously as I could that though opposed to secession and deprecating war, I could take no part in an inva sion of the southern states." General Lee adds that he went directly to General Scott, told him of the proposi -tion that had been made him, and two days later, concluding that he ought no longer retain his commission, resigned from the army. Two days latter on invitation of the governor of Virginia, he went to Richomond, found that the convention had passed the secession ordinance and accepted the position of commander in chief of the state forces. There follows many letters witten in the spring and sum mer of 1861 to his wife at Arlington, counseling her on family matters and the homely duties of his estate and household. On May 25 he was trans ferred with his command to the con federate states army. In a letter he said: "I do not know what my posi tion will be. I should like to retire to private life if I could be with you and the children, but if I can be of any ser vice to the state or her cause, I must continue." Soon after the first battle of Manassas General Lee was sent Into West Virginia, and in the numerous letters to his family he interestingly describes the country, his raw soldiers and the ditiiculties he faced. DEEPLY RdELIGOUs. These letters were continued with great regularity after he was sent to South Carolina in the winter of 1861. Many of these are deeply religious. Writing his wife on Christicas d:iy he said: --If we can only become sen sibe of our transgression, so as to be fully penitent and forgiven, that this heavy punishment utder which we labor may with justice be removed from us and the whole nation, what a gracious consummation of all that we a' e endured It will be." In the same letter he voices his forebodings for his old home and says if it is des-1 trcyed he would like to purchase Stratford (on the lower Potomac). "It I is a pozr place," he adds, "but we I could make enough corn bread and bacon for our suppoot and the girls~ cou' d we ave us clothes. The author. then a student at the University of Virgmnia, aescribes his father's consent for him to enter the army, which he did as a private in the Reckbridge artillery. "I do not supose," he says, "it ever occurred to my father tO think of giving me an ctifce, which be could easily have done. I know it never occured to me." On the day following the bat tle of Seven Pines General Lee assumed j mmand of the Army of Northern -1rginia, General Joseph E. Johusns. .aving been severely wounded. Tte ,uthor tells of one amusing eneounter vith his father. It was at the sxO attle of Manassas, when all powder rimed and ragged and with spUrgeI tat in hand he saw Generai Lee at-d taff ride up and tal e position near iis battery. Young Lee spoke to a taff c.ticer and told him who he was. When General Lee dropped his glass Lod turned to his staff the ( lher said: -General here is some ono who wants o speak to you." The general not ecogniz!ng his s in said: "Well, my nan, what can I do for you?" WAS NEVER IDLE. Captain Lee says that one marked haracteristic of his father was his; 2abit of attending to all business >romptly. "He was never idle," he ays, "and what he had to do he per 'ormed with care and precision." The long seres of letters to his wife Mnd family, rarely more than a few weeks elapsing without one, evidence not only of General Lee's capacity for business in the direction of his private affairs, his devoutly religious mind, but a quaint humor that here and there brightens the generally sad and tender correspondence. In the win ter of 1862 63, when he was in Camp Fredericksburg, he wrote his daugh ter Agnes: "General Hooker is obliged to do something. I do not I know what it will be. He is playing the Chinese game, trying what frigh tening will do. He runs out his guns, starts his wagons and troops up and down the river and creates an excite ment generally. Our men look en in wonder, give a cheer and all subsides." A fortnight later in a letter to Mrs. Lee, describing the cold and discom forts of his army, he says: "I ovc! Mr. F. J. Hooker no thanks fvr keep ing me here." After Chancellorsville, when Jackson fell, he wrote Mrs. Lee: "Any victory would be dear at such a price. I know not how to replace him. God's will be done. I trust He will raise up some one in his place." FELT ARMY'S SUFFERINGS. In nearly all of his private letters during this period mention is made of the hardships and sufferings of his men, their lack of shoes, clothing and blankets. "One can see from these letters," says the author, "how deep ly he felt for the sufferings of his sol diers and how his plans were hindered by inadequate supplies of food and clothing. I heard him constantly allude to his troubles; indeed, they seemed never absent from his mind." In the winter of 1863 64 Mrs. Lee and her daughters removed to Rich mond and from Camp Rappahanock he wrote Mrs. Lee: "I fear my daughters have not taken to the spin ning wheel and loom as I have recom mended. I shall not be able to recom mend them to the bIave soldiers for wives." In the spring of 1864 Fitzbugh Lee's brigade, to which the author, who had won a commission and staff appointment, was then attached, lay in camp near Charlottesville and the officers gave a' ball. An invitation vas sent General Lee who thus com - mented on it in a letter: "This is a bad time for such things. We have too grave subjects on hand to engage in such trivial amusements. I would rather his officers should en tertain themselves in fattening their horses, healing their men and recruit ing their regiments. There are too many Lees on the committee. I like all to be present at battles, but can excuse them at balls." HIS PROPHETIC soUL. Those letters written in the spring of 1864 reveal how closely General Lee foresaw the storm that was soon to burst upon him. He wrote urgently for supplies and in his private letters he predicted Grant's move toward Richmond. Captain Lee does not go with detail into the operations of the closing year of the war. The military phase :s subordinated to the personal, but the letters, his personal recollections and incidents all make an intimate picture of the confederate commander in that trying time. The surrender itself is lightly touched upon. The author first saw his father after Appomatcx at Richmond, where the general had joined his family. "As well as I can recal my father at this time," he say s, "he appeared to be very well physical ly, though he looked older, grayer, more quiet and reserved. He seemed very tired, and was always glad t> talk of any other subject than that of the war or anything pertaining thereto." AFTER WAR WAs OVER. General Lee's life for the next few months was quiet and uneventful. In June he went to "Derwent," a little 4 room house in Cumberland county, which was placed at his disposal by M~rs. Elizabeth Randolph Cocke. There he awaited the decision of the federal authorities in the indictment found against him, Davis and others, which never came to trial. In the meantime offers of homes, houses,I lands and money poured in upon him, all of which he declined. In August he accepted the presidency of Wash ington college, now Washington ana Lee university. A pleasant picture is given of the busy days that followed in establish ing his new home. Says Captain Lee: "My father appeared bright and even gay." Captain Lee says that it was his father's strong desire to write a history of his campaigns. He went io far as to begin to gather data, but his failing strength and the magni bude of the task deterred him. Gen tral Lee's correspondence during this period was very extended and his let iers to friends, old comrades in arms and public men all express his so-' ticitude for the south and rellect his, jesire that patience be shown under all conditions and all controversies be rvoided. The following letter is typical of is replies to inquiring correspon "I believe it to be the duty of every >ne to unite in the restoration of the ountry and the re-establishment of peace and harmony. These considiera tions governed me in the counsels II 2,ave to others and induced me on the 13th of June to make application to be included in the terms of the amnes ly proclamation." Te author had by this time set led down upon his farm and he gives many letters from his father, full of advice on agricultural and tinarncial matters, all of whieh show his horough grasp of affairs. The cor respondence covering the ekcsing rears of General Lee's life is largely >f a family character, though it em >raced many letters to strangers, ither on public questions or in ac mowledgment of courtesies. Hie re ~eived very flattering business olffrs, d,1 of which he declined, preferring. ,e quietness and pleasures of his cii ege duties Among these offers was the proffer ff a position as the head of a proposed ommercial organization in New York o inance southern enterpries and de -elop the south. SrRRISON OE GAMBLING. ;corcs Cotron Future Gamb!iog and says It is Bad as Crap Shooting. We are in formed that the oratorical iit of the Cottn Planters' Conven :ion recentiy held at St. Louis was nade by Col. S. F. B. Morse. Col. Ilorse spoke at some length 6f the vil effects of speculation in cotton 'utures, holding that for the most prt it was gambling, and that the men who are responsible for it and participate in it are actuated by the silly superstitions whIch so largely ontrol other gamesters. "I regard," sa'd Col. Morse, "cotton speculation or any form of speculation where a man buys what he does not Iwant or seils what he does nct intend to de liver as gambling, pure aud simple. I realize and admit that the Cottor Exchange has its province. There must be such places as this where the world's businc ss may be transacted on a broAd scale and in an expeditiou manner. But too often the legiti mate buying and selling is over shadowed by the speculation craze Uiie we have a great commodity more important to the world that any (.ther stap'e product, and wha1 ixes the price when speculation is ac tive? Is it supply and demand* I: it the amount of cotton on band an( the requirements of the mills? Is i! the need of the world for cotto! kroods? No, I will tell you a few in luences more powerful than these more powerful than a killing frost o: wet season or the dreaded insect pests from boil worm to boll weevil." Col Morse then proceeds to give in detai the superstitions which control th operations of some of the prominen memters of the Cotton Txchanges o the country. The gist of his conten tion is that speculati. n in cotton i gambling and that the men who en gage in it are gamblers as essentiall; as are those people who bet thei money on a horse race or on the turi of a card. In commenting on wha Col. 31Mrse says above The News an Courier says "that this is true o spcculators in cotton as well as o dealers in all other kinds of "futures cannot be denied successfully. Tb magnitude and the so-called legiti macy of their business has until noi saved them from the reproach whic1 attaches to the craoshooter and th faro daler, but it cannot be doubte that there will sooner or later come time when the public will have to b protected against them just as tb Iublic is now protected against otbe i men, who live by their wits, rathe than by work. It is a most anoma. ous thing that the sccety which con sid-rs itzelf injured and offended by game of craps played for pennies up blind alley by bootblacks, applaud the operati.ns of busiress men wb manipulate the prices of commoditie rcck ned necessaries of life by bettin their money on 6ne side or the othe of what the market will be tomorro or next weec. If crap playing is cot trary to public morality what sha one say of t game t 1-. that is playE with stocks and uonds and wheat an cotton? As Col. Morse says, there no doubt that ccmmercial exchange are necessary and that there is a important part for them to play our industrial system, but it is equa ly true that they have been mad the medium for practicas which wi sooner or later have to be regulate btter than they now are." "'rhe Gallant Bryan." Under the above caption ti A ugusta Chroncile says: "The Con moner, Mr. Bryan's paper, is iil with good, loyal, inspiring Demccr tic literature. With pen and voit the eloquent, gifted and patriotic Ni braska statesman is working wondel to help elect Judge Parker and defe; Mr. Rcosevelt. He has his ow opinions about reform and is true t th m, but he dces not write snarlingl on the subject or go about on tt stump proclaiming himself the pri phet of J( ifersonian Democracy an that Judge Parker is the mere toolC Wall street. Mr. Bryan knows bel ter and he is as modest as he is gift ed. He loves the Constitution; Union more than his own aggrandizi ment, and he knows that no greate calamity could befall this Republi than the election of Raosevelt, th imperialist, the Big Stick, the unsal mgistrate. He is content to awai the time for the propagation of his re form and he prefers the calm that Par er brings to the chaos that Roose velt would provoke. Very nobly an< admirably has Mr. Bryan acted in thi campaign and he has won the heart of thousands who once spoke unkindl; of him. Hie is a great man and mai of high principles and lofty aspiration And Mr. Watson? Where does be stand for public admiration in tha same light as Win. 3. Bryan?" The Times ani 1 emccrat has always beer a great admirer of Bryan, and we art glad to see that his worth is beginning to be appreciated by those who hav< misjudged him in the past. Killed His Son in-Law. At Dawson, Ga., Jesse Wall shol and killed Bill Oxford, his son-in-lavi Wednesday night in Oxford's yard. The coroner's jury Thursday decidec the killing was unjustifiable and Wall was brought to Dawson Thursday night in custody of the sheriff. Wall': statement at the inquest was to the etfect that he was reprimanding 0O ord for neglecting his wife when Ox ford cursed him and advanced with ac pen knife and that he fired to save bis own life. A knife was found by Oxfords side unopened and this witb the. fact that he was shot in the back and testimony of eye witnesses led to the verdict rendered. Both parties were well known white men of Ter ril county. Engine Crushed Caboose. At Charlotte, N. C., feight Conduc tor Wise of the Southern railway, whose home is said to be in Savannah. and Jack Godhaul, a negro switch man and Walter Zeigler were killed an the outskirts of the city about 10 cicck Wednesday night. The train, which was southbound No. 73, on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta ivision of the Southern. was being pushed by a switch engine when sud enly all the brakes became set and he engine crushed into the rear of he caboose. Conductor Wise was in :he rear of the cabocose and the other :en between the caboose and engine. Passerby Killed. At San Antanio, Texas, In a street jght between J. M. Cbittim, known L the "Texas Cattle King," and W. W. Jones, a cattleman and banker of Beeville, Hi. S. Eiwell, a traveling nan of Milwaukee, Wis., chanced in ange and was accidentally killed. The uilet. it is said, was tired from Chit ~im's g.uni. Chittim was placed in jail thargedl with murder. Elwell worked or the II. C. Miller company, station rs of Milwaukee. Prom letters in his ossession it appears he has a brother n Sheboygan. Neither of the partici HOME CIRCLE COLUMN la h; Crude Thoughts as They Fall From t< the Editorial Pen. PLEASANT VENING EXVZIS. d 1i A (oluma Dedicated to Tired g M others as They Join the d Home Circule at Even a ing Tide. y b We are all of us too ready to see 6 our brother's weakness and meanness, v to judge him harshly, to despise him c fcr what we view with leniency in t cur own lives. We should despise o nothing.except our own deceit and 11 cowardice. We cannot judge our r neighbors. We cannot see their y hearts, and often read their lives p wrong, because we fail to understand their real motives. Let us covet our neighbor's kind ness of heart and gentleness of man- a ner, that we may grow wise and no- t ble and tender-hearted, that we may be helpful and comforting and inspir ing t those whom we meet as we t journey onward through life. If we I are not by nature gracious and warm- t hearted and thoughtful, let us be so. If we have not learned to say the kind word to be cheery and cbaritable and to lend a band to those who need c assistance, we may be thankful for 2 r one thing-that it is never too late to mend. What is the good of dwelling upon I slights or hostilities? Many of them I are fancied. If we have enemies let 2 us avoid them and refuse to think of I f them. To consider the wrongs that I we bt lieve another has put upon us I s tills us with anger and all unebarita- I bleness. Let us rather think of our i F friends, who are a source of peace and J r pleasure and encouragement, of Christ 2 who said. "Father, forgive them for they know not what they do," and of his Apostie, who wrote to the Corin- I thians, "Charity suffereth long and is i kind, sdeketh not her own, is not eas- 1 ily provoked, thinketh no evil." e And lastly, especially to the women who are housebound by much work 1 and many little ones-spend as much time as you can In Gcd's out-of-doors, e Get the freshness and Leauty of the 1 trees and the flowers into your souls. a The fresh air will rest and revive you, e will give you strength and patience and peae, will make you a nobler wife, a tenderer, wiser mother and a r more helpful friend and neighbor. *** a THE FOOTPATH OF PEACE. a Mary men and women, whose lives s are ab.orbed in work, have forgotten 0 how to be glad, as they have for S gotten how to play. Labor has made 9 them so hard and dull that they have r almost forgotten how to love-and , they have quite forgotten how to give . expression to their love. The children 1 look to wearf, toil-worn mothers for some demonstration of affection, and d look in vain. Wives appeal Ineffectual a ly to their husbands for the tender a word or caress that brightens life. It n is only after some great sorrow comes n and we lose those we love, that we 1. think in an anguish of regret: e "How much I loved her! She was u the world to me, and I let her live d through all those long years without telling her, and now she is beyond the reach of my words." Is it not wise to give expression to e our devotion by word and deed, to - take time to play and to look up at d the stars, in order that we may be i. glad of life and make others glad? e We must learn to give expression to e- our devotion by word and deed, to s take time to play and to look up at t the stars, in or der than we may be n glad of life and make others glad? 0 We must learn to be content-so y contented that we waste neither time e nor strength in fretful repining. But . contentment does not mean stagna d tion. It means peace and happiness f and that freedom from worry that -leaves both mind and body untram Smeled in their efforts of development. 1 A healthy contentment is the best -possible condition for work, r ** Go000] AND BAD) TRAINING. eIsn't it queer things that come to1 our minds oft times? Here we behold little girls decked out in all the intri cate labyrinth of tucks, ruffles, drawn, -work; shirring, smocking, piping, em broidery, with their soft hair tortured i into bangs, frizzes, crimps, curls, wavcs, braids, puffed, rolled or pom padoured, as the case may be, cr as ~dame Fashion may decree. While< under that stylish thatch the busy little brain Is teeming with the seeds 2 of vanity, self-love, pride, envy, dls content, jealousy, as ignorant of the1 tender lessons taught by Him who said, "Suffer little children to come t unto me, for of such is the Kingdom t of heaven," as if they had been or- t phand in early infancy. Now, if all this be harsh and untrue our observa- t tion is at fault. Mothers, we appeal t to you, to put more of your time into f the culture of character of your chil e dren, and less time on their dress and t mere outward appearance. "The soul a alone endures," and to you it Is given ~ more especially to train Immortal t souls for eternal happiness or misery. js We see children often who have never been taught the principals of "doing unto others as they would wish to be done by," nor simply trust and love J Rim who tenderly placed his hands on n their heads, nor their duty to their parents, to their elders and to the c poor. It is in the early days of their 2 young lives that these lessons should t] e taught, while their hearts are ten- a der and their natures plastic, and It li is the mother who should sow the ti seeds mn the infant minds which are el to spring up in after years, in the a: shape of firm principles of rectitude, 1' truth, charity, courage, honesty, and tI all that makes aj man or woman o: worthy or beloved. THEN AN]) NOW. It is supposed by many who do not Igive the matter more than a passing thought that the American people are being carried away by fashion. That 01 we have wandered far from the exam pes set us by our forefathers. They say just think of the pride of people C in this go.d year 1904. Just look at T the ladies' hat. Now as a matter of 14 fact there is nothing in the ladies' tr hats of today to equal the coal-scuttle is bats of a hundred y ears ago. They of say, just look at the way people dress at their hair. Do you know the most ex- m treme style of today will never equal n< the top-knots which our great-grand- ei mothers wore put up with high combs ca that we would have thought would m have made our great-grandfathers die pa of laughter. Their hair was lifted Into gc a pyramid a foot high. On the top of ti< that tower lay a white rosebud. Shoes m of bespangled white kid and heels two re or three inches high. Grandfather at 'went out to meet her on the floor in a pr coat of sky blue silk and vest of white! be ,tin, embroidered with gold lace, ce ruffles around his wrist and his ir fallirg in a queue. Many of the, ,ncy drinks of today were unknown i A i them, but their hard cider, mint I tlep, and hot toddy sometimes made vely work for the broad-brimrud its and silver knee buckles. Taitk or g ssipating parties of today and keep- C ig of late hours. Did not our great randparents have their bees and Lusage-stuffings and tea parties and inces that for heartiness and uproar c tterly eclipsed all the waltzes, lancers s ad breakdown known in this gcod f !ar of 1904. And they never went c ome 'till morning. And as to the , id-time courtships. Washington Ir- I ing describes them better than we in. Talk about the dishonesties of t >day. Seventy years ago the governor I f New York state had to disband the a gislature becau'e of its utter c r- I aption. You see by comparison that t re are not so bad after all when com- I ared with our forefathers. A Republican View. The value of Indiana as a campaign set makes every political straw from at state highly important at this 1 ancture. The public eye is gradual 7 turning towards the Hosier voter )r it is becoming generally recognized hat he is the man on whom hinges he success of the Democratic ticket. )ne of the latest indicatior.s cf In lana's attitude is distinctly shown in 1 recent editorial expression of the ndianapolis News, the peisonal or 'an of Senator Fairbanks. The News rankly admits that the situation is zzling, and this admission is made fter a member of its stati has made iersonal canvass of the state with a riew to sizing up the situation. The iews says: 'There is nothing in the >olitical conditions, as they exist now a Indiana, that justifies the extrava ant assertions made by the managers if any of the parties. The Republi ans can justify their declaration that ndiana will go Republican, because t has been going Republican for al nost ten years-and upon no other >asis as shown by existing conditions. [hey say that the people are satisfied. 3ut the polls in numerous places how an unusually large number of roters who will not teUl how they in end to vote-these are down on the yooks as "doubtful," and in Indiana ;here is an immense number of them. here is another proposition the Re publican leaders must get away from -the reported great dissatisfaction imong the Democrats because of the iomination of Parker. If the Re publicans expect victory through Democratic dissensions they might as well close headquarters and shut up ,hop, for these dissensions do not ex st to the extent alleged by the Republicans. Despite reports to be contrary, the Democrats are >rganizing and for that matter %ey are better organized than they ere at this time in the cam paign of 1900. About as much dis ension exists in the Republican party Ls in the Democratic party. The dif erence is that it is getting to be a reat deal harder to line up the Re publicans for their ticket than it is to get the Democrats back. The rea Ion s simple. The Republicans feel bhat their votes are not needed, any how, and as they do not like some of the things going on they will not vote. Nen who are familiar with the politi sal conditions in Indiana, and who :an speak of them without bias, know that if Senator Fairbanks was not on the national ticket it would be the tossing of a copper as to how the state would go." This is a Republican view, and in it the Democrats have ertainly much to cheer them. The PeoDle Are Not Blind. Walter Wellman writes a very pret y story to the Chicago Record-Herald ibout the republican national comn ittee being short -of funds. Accord ng to Mr. Weilman certain trust nagnates were asked as individuals to subscribe to the campaign fund, but net as trust representatives and de nanded to know what Mr. Roosevelt's policy would be towar d their corpora ions. When the president beard of t, says Mr. Wellman, he refused to ,onsider the matter and declard that Ihere would be neither "arrange nent" nor "understanding." IThe Wellman story makes interesting 'eading in view of all the well known 'acts. The greatest trust magnates iave openly declared for Roosevelt, ad the idea that the trusts are afraid if the administration wiil strike the ,verage thinker as ridiculous, in view if all the facts. Before becoming pres dent Mr. Roosevelt talked very loudly bout "shackling cunning," but after scoming president he said little and as done less about "shackling cun-i Lng." A harmless injunction against, e beef trust and a prosecution of the aerger case that in no wise aifected 1 he railroad situation Insofar as thei 'eople are concerned make up the sum otal of his promised "shacklmg." in( be meantime the chief weapon forged r use against the trusts-the I riminal clause of the Sherman anti rust law-lies rusting in the base tent of the government's legal de artment. Mr. Wellman seems either > believe the people very credulous or running short of subjects.f Convict Hirn ?oo. 3el Sheppard, the negro who killed De Phillips, at a camp meeting two a onths ago, was carried from Amern- a is, Ga., to Webster county for trial.j I 'he case consumed the entire day, 1e jury returning a verdict of guilty ith recommendation of sentence to te imprisonment. W. S. Morgan, ie white man whom Sheppard de- 1 ared hired him to kill Phillips, was so carried from the Americus jail to V ebster for trial as accessory. All t te trouble originated in the burning S the town of Preston in A pril last. ~ :organ's relatives are charged with ie incendiarism and the negro mur- 2 tred by Sheppard was an important 0 itness against the accused parties. *P An Appeal For Fundse. George Foster Peabody, treasurer s' the Democratic national commit- b e, Thursday issued an appeal for ntributions for the campaign fund. e appeal says: "There are about bl ,000,000 legal voters in this coun- Y y, and to intelligently present the bi mes of the campaign and the records h; the candidates to this vast elector- G e requires a very large sum of ti oney. The Democratic party has! tr Sindustrial favorites from whom, di ber by promise of by threats, it in n draw campaign subscriptions; but 0 st rely for necessary funds upon triotic citizens who believe in aj vernment of law under the constitu nl honestly and economically ad- 1e3 nistered. From all such citizens I fle luest such contributions as they are ou le and willing to make, for which Pl mpt personal acknowledgment will be aent." w A MARTYR TO SCIUCE. n ElectriaI Engineer a Victim of 'I t ~ n Ray. Ciarence M. Dally, an electrical en ineer, is dead at his home, No. 103 f linton street, North, Eist Orange, t K. .1, a marty r to science. His ill- I ess was due to experimental work in I anuection w:th the Roentgen ray, iys the New York Herald. He suf ,red for years and underwent seven perations, which finally culminated 1 the amputation of both his arms. [e died Wednesday. During his experiment work with he X-ray Mr. Dally was Thomas A. ; lison's chief assistant. He worked t the Jabaratory in West Orange ight ard day. In his work with he flueroscope Mr. Dally was badly urned on his hands. He suffered no ain but bis hands looked as though hey had been scalded. Six months ,f ter the first indications of scalding ,ppeared the hands began to swell ,nd Mr. Dally suffered great pain fcr wo years, when he went to Chicago ,nd obtaine d a position with an in andescent lamp company. It was bought the change of air would enefit him. Cancer finally developed on the left vrist and he came E ist for treat nent. In February, 1902, more than ite hundred ard fifty peces of skin, raken from his legs, were grafted on o his hands. The operation was un uccessful and the disease steadily pread. In August the arm was am >utated'four inches below the shcul er. For a time an imp-ovement was pparent, but the little finger on the -ight hand became affected and in ovember this member wa taken off. Mr. Dally still m iintained his crur ,ge and still believed he would re over when three other fingers were - moved in June, 1903. The develop nent of a spot on the wrist made it iacessary to perform another opera ion In September and another at :empt was made to graft skin. The next indication of the continu nce of the disease was a severe hem )rrhage of the arm, as a result of which it was amputated in March. Despite the fact that he had lost oth arms ard had suffered so keenly, ,r. Daily gained courage and appear d to be recovering. Artificial arms were provided for him, but he used 'hem only a week when he succumb d, the disease having affected his en Jire system. Complications ensued, nd it was seen on Saturday that he >ould not live. During the seven ears he had been unable to care for imself and all the time before his rms were amputated he was obliged to rest his hands in water during the ight to allay the burning sensation. Mr. Dally was born in Woodbridge, N. J., thirty:-nine years ago and served fve years in the United States navy as chief gunner on the Enterprise. He bad been connected with Mr. Edi son for sixteen years. He is survived by a widow and two sons. A Gi)0D SNAKE STORY. A Mother Snake and Forty-four Little Ones Killed. J. H. Batson, who lives on the Sandy Flat road, not far from Green ville, came to town Wed.nesday with the champion snake story of the sea son, says The Daily News. While visiting his brother, J. F. Batson, on Enoree river Sunday, he went into the pasture with several children where he found a highland moccasin as big as an ordinary man's thigh and measuring three and a half feet in length. Just as soon as he got sight of the reptile Mr. Batson struck it a power ful blow with a rock, cutting a deep gash in its side. The moccasha was partly paralyzed by the blow. It quirmed and hissed and while Mr. Batson was preparing to finish the execution, four small baby snakes 12 inches long ran out of the wound. This called for more fighting, as the baby snakes were maddened and terri ied and they began to attack the Batson children in their youthful way. While trying to put them out of ausiness Mr. Batson saw things that would have driven a drinking man to be alcoholic ward. As the big nother-reptile was dying a regular covey" of little serpents shot through hat wound and for 20 minutes he was kept in a sweat while trying to ill them. The babies fought vicious y. In appearance every one was xacty the same, in size, color and neanness. "It was enough to frighten a man," and Mr. Batson, "and I had to work iard to kill them. After the battle vtas ended I counted 44 small reptiles, end believe if it had not been for he help of the boys I would have een forced to take to the woods or eave the serpents alone in their glory. )ld people tell me that after the oung are hatched they are frequent y swallowed by the mother, and If ter ladyship was anything like the rhale that swallowed Jonah she must ave been a bird. If it had been ossible that day 1 would have rought thenai to the city. The little llows swarmed around the pole 'hich was used to kill them and Dade repeated attempts to get within triking distance of me. It was not pleasant experience for me, and I m not crazy about returning to that asture on the Enoree." Steamer Struck Reef. On Wednesday night the steamer 1 oscowiz struck a reef on Harbledown land. Four children were drowned. 'he crew and 185 other passengers I 'ere saved. The news of the disas- 1 er was brcught by the steamer Cas ar. The Boscowlz was running fromi ancouver to northern British Colum ian ports and had on board nearly )0 Indian passengers bound for vari- 1 as settlements up the coast. The a a~ssengers were taken ashore and the rowning of the four children occurred Sconnection with the launching of a nal boat. The Boscowiz was an old >at, owned in Victoria.( Grover to Speak. S A Democratic mass meeting will be t ld in Madison Square Garden New a rk city about the middie of Octo- s ir, at which it is the intention to i. tve as speakers former President t rover Cleveland, and a number of v e foremost Democrats of the coun- t y. The date has not been fixed b fnitely beyond agreeing that the si eeting shall be some time between tV tober 15 and 20. If his health will 'I d Eleven Soldiers Kiled. t At Antwerp, Belgim, three shells t] ploded in Fort Sainte Marie Wed sday. Eleven soldiers were killed tright and many injured. The ex- al sion occurred while the shells were S: ing placed in the magazine, which ti s cmltely destroyedA S A LARGE COTTO PLANTER 'alks of the Crop and Its Vallue 3 If Properly Handled. This seems to be the day of the armer, and he Is disposed to make a he most of It; he is keeping posted a a a general way, and on cotton in articular. A Charlotte Observer wan bad a a alk recently with one of the leading otton growers of North Carolina and S ot from him a splendid idea, and b ome interesting facts. This man his roven himself thoroughly practical y his success; he is nothing of a t [reamer. He has over 500 acres in otton this year, and his crop will be t 0 per cent less than it was last year. n answer to the qu~stion: "What t o you think of the cottbn situation?" ie said: "The cotton crop now beng ba ested can be made the most valuail irop ever gathered, if the farmt s will act in concert and on similar ines, in every State, county and com- r Munity. S "There is now no question of the 1 %rop being a mcderate, if not a very j small one, compared to what was ex- ] pected two, yes, one month ago. The whole spinning world is depleted of ] wotton; must have cotton, no matter what the cost. The present crop can be made to average at least twelve I ents, if nut fifteen cents, per pound , to the grower, if the growers will gin I and sell cautiously. If only half the ,otton pickea each week is placed on I the market and the other half M-ld back, either stored in bonded -ae house, when money must be obtaiaed, r stored on the farms either ginned and baled or in the seed; there would be no glutting the market for October, November, December, which is the very condition the speculators want in order that they may be able. to buy a product that will be in active de mand the world over at much higher prices after January 1. "What is true of cotton is also true of cottonseed. The oil mills are en tering the crushing season with cot tonseed oil ten cents per gallon lower than last year or the last five years, and consequently the mills cannot pay by 85 per ton as much as they paid all through the last season for seeI. "We have almost Identically the same condition in all crops affecting cotton oil as existed for the season 1892-1893 when cotton oil went to sixty-five cents per gallon in Febru ary, 1893. We have a very short crop of wheat this year, as compared with the crop for several years past. There is no old wheat to be had at any price for wheat is thirty-five per cent high er than last year, "The present corn crop prospect are for a crop smaller than in ten yeirs, with perhaps one exception, and If as short as now predicted, corn will go to seventy-five cents, and per hapshigher, per bushel. A short crop and high prices for corn means a short crop and high prices for hogs; and with hogs high, lard will be high, and h gh-priced lard means high-priced ctton oil; then why not high prices for cottonseed paid to the farmers? "The crop of linseed now being 'arvested in the Northwest is only about one-half to three fifths the crop hrvested last year, and the result ii', liseed is 40 per cent, the oil aboit 3) per cent, linseed cake anid meal 35 to 40 per cent higher. "But the United States is not the only country with short crops. All of the European countries, without a single exception, have the poorest crops of grain, feed and. fodder they have had for years. Russia, the greatest grower and competitor of the United States for the trade of Europe for wheat, is fully employed trying to whip its very small, and as she sup posed, insignificant antagonst-Ja pan; and the result is, she will have no whear to export, and if the war should continue for several years, as It is very likely to do, Russia will soon be importing wheat and all ki.ds of pr visions. "tThe olivefloll crop of all countries bordeing on the Mediterranean Sea is repsrted on best authority to be only one half to two-thirds a full crop, and this shortage amounts to more gallons of oil than the total cot ton oil crop. The condition of every crop in every country, should warrant cotton oil worth fully double its pres ent price; warrant the mills in pay ing at least 50 per cent higher prices for seed. But the mills cannot pay more for seed unless the sprice of oil can be advanced to a value~ all things justify. Oil mills will not pay more for seed than they are obliged to pay, and as long as farmers are selling seed at 12 to $14 per ton, mills will not pay $20 to $22, the price seed should be selling at. "The growers of cotton and cotton seed can and should control the mar ket holding back both cotton and seed ill they can secure a price that all conditions warrant. Unless they do, hey will tind they have parted with hree-fourths of their crop before the Idvance comes, and the cotton and seed specula:.or will reap the benefit hat belongs to the producer. Hold roar cotton and hold your cotton seed ~ lll the advance is here with you. It will come much sooner If you hold, 'or as long as you are parting with four crop freely, the speculator will 3old down prices. "The present crop, If only abo-ut [0,000,000 bales, can be made to pay she producers $700,000,000 to $725,- ~ )00,000 for the lint, and from $60, )00,000 to $75,000,000 for 3,000,000 ~ os of seed sold, retaining 2.000,000 c ons of seed for feeding cattle and for ,lanting next year's crop. "All that is needed is concerted tlon and backbone to force the mar- a rets to respond to~ conditions never so 'avorable to be controlled or adjusted or the grower's interest. It is all - eady for your action, and concerted ~ction will control the crop movement ,nd prices for cotton and seed, givea he producer the benefit heretofore ways received by the speculativea ciddle man." b Seven Men Lost. h A dispatch from Oklahoma City, I ). T., says seven men are missing of party of eight who went down with he wagon bridge between Lexington h nd Purcell, after battling with the E wift rush of waters for many hours 1w a vain attempt to prevent the si ridge from going out. The bridge pc as the only connection between the wo towns. And all telegraph and lephone wires in the south and >uthwest portions of Oklahoma and sa e southeastern part of the Indian pt 'erritory in the flooded districts are le awn, information is hard to get, but it obtainable is to the effect that e waters are receding. a BIsHor Nelson of Georgia says there ge e 200,000 divorces in the United th iates a year. We are glad to know ro at none of them comes from tb utCarlna. re: A DADLY FIGHT. loung rarmer Is Shot To Death by Two Negroes A dispatch to the Atlanta Journal lys early Tuesday morning Lon Gay, young white farmer, living about aur miles north of Hamilton, was tot and killed by Ashford Jenkins nd Zan Mann, bcth negroes. Jenkins and Mann left Hamilton aturday night In a buggy which they ired from one of the livery stables ere, and it is supposed they spent be night In the neighborhood In ;hich young Gay lived. The two egroes were seen at an early hour nuesday coming with their hired eam in the direction of Hamilton. Shortly afterward Gay, with a shot un on his shoulder, was seen coming *fter them riding a mule at a lively Ec?. He overtook them about a aile from Hamilton. It is said that the negroes got, cut. ,f buggy when they saw Gay and tarted across a cotton fi ld. Gay fol owed them into the field and the ne ,roes opened, fire, using revolvers. go one except the participants was lirectly at the scene of the shooting. ?arties living nearby heard five pistol hots in rapid succession an a eport from the -shoin. A man iving near went quickly to the scene nd found Gay dead, with a bullk iole in his abdomen. Gay's clothing was considerably orn and his shoes were pulled of. Elis mule was also shot. The white citizen who came up im nediately after the shooting says that Slann was nowhere near the mule. Jenkins made his escape, but Mann was arrested. Mann disclaims any participation in the difficulty and de ales that he got out of the buggy un til he saw Gay fall. He says he then got ont to catch Gay's mule. -Mann's shirt was covered- with blood, which. ie says, came from the wounded mule. The or'ginal cause of the trouble [A not known. Gay's friends claim %hat the negroes held him up and robbed him of thirty dollars and that 7'ay armed himself as quickly as he._ ould and went after them to get his noney. Mann said he didn't know the cause )f the diffcu'ty. The news of the ragedy quickly spread, and soon a party of Gay's neighbors, heavily Irmed, gathered at the scene. Some threats were made and Sheriff Hadley very promptly spirited Mann to.Co-. [umbus by private conveyance, where te was lodged in jail for safe keeping, Forty Men Laid Off. The Florence Times says: "A siderable stir has been createekzrall road circles by the summary dismissal of a number of the employds of-the shops to cut down the force.. As usual the matter has created a great deal r-f speculation, and rumors are rife as to what the cut down means. Many seem to think that the Coast Line means to r duce this shop more considerably and do so for -the ben efit of other shops on thi line, yet for some time there has been work to keep the whole force busy. The-men say that they were not notified Fr! day afternoon at knock off time thai their services would not he require& any longer. About forty men are in clided in the order, about twenty per - cent. of the force. Mr. Pearsonal, master mechanic, when asked concern lng the dismissal of the men said that he simply had ord.?s from headquart ers and executed them, he could add nothing to the facts as gathered from the men themselves. The cut Is in every department, and includes as far as can be learned twelve machinists, four boiler makers, three blanksmiths - and a number of carpenters. The, lick was a stunner to the men, they were quite unprepared for It. It Is an indefinite lay c-f, and may not be long or miy be for good and all. The blow will, of course, be felt by Florence in many ways, as some very popular citizens will have to seek homes elsewhere." Attackted Ris Sister. At Spartinburg Saturday evening Nirs. J. Meldron Bowden was attack ad by her brother, Charlie George, at tier home on Wofford street and per baps fatally Injured. At the time hern bust~and, J. M. Bowden, was In the. y'ard at work. George, who had been Irinking for several days, and who was boarding at Mr. Bowden's, walk id into a bed room where Mrs. Bow led was sitting on a bed and without 1, word of warning he grabbed hold of - 2er and hurled her across the room.. [n falling her head struck the marble ~orner of a washstand and her skull - vas fractured. She was rendered un ornscious. George made his escape. Ir. Bowden entering the house short. y afterwards discovered his wife's rostrate body on the floor. He picked - ter up-and placed her on the bed and ummoned, medical aid. -Charie~ ireorge wasaptured at the Spartan' iurg junction endeavoring to .leave he city on a-southbound freighit rain. Sheriff White took him In harge._________ Killed a Desperado. At Darlington on Saturday, Ed. rard Kelley, white, shot and illedt [enry Bradshaw, colored. Bradahaw, - seems, stepped on Mr. Kelly's foot. his brought forth a remark from. elly, in reply to which, It is said ~radshaw cursed Kelly. It Is also re orted that the negro made some ef >rt to pull a pistol. Mr. Kelly aught hold of Bradshaw's arm and red four times, three of the balls Lking effect in the abdomen. It is Lid that the negro was makring an btempt to shoot before Kelly did. radshaw is said to have been a burly, isolent fellow. Kinled by Gas, At New York Augustus Donoman ad his wife and Richard Small were sphyxiated by illuminating gas In a edroom in a hotel kept by Salvatore :appolla in Flushing. Donoman and is wife were formerly residents of 'lushing, but had visited LlPhiladel bla. Small was from Charleston, C., and is said to have been-the oman's brother. The three were to ave started for Charleston Tuesday. appolla, the proprietor of the hotel, as arrested and held in balto an rer the charge that he delayed In re >rting the case to the police. * Twenty Drowned. A dispatch from Santa Fee, N. M., ys reports received from different dints in the territory show that at 1st twenty persons perished in the 'ods that have occurred in the past sek. Ten Santa Fe passenger trains e tied up at Santa Fe, but passen rs are being sent east and west over e Rock Island and Southern Pacific ads, connection being effected rough the Santa~Fe Central, which anmed oprat:inna Weneay.w