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PARER'S REAT SPEECH [continued from page 1.] been set aside as unconstitutional when it was ditlicult to point out the I provisions said to be offended against in their enactment: all this has been done with a good purpose, no dc ibt, but in disregard, nevertheless, of the fact that ours is a Government of laws, not of men, deriving its "just powers from the consent of the gov erned." If we would have our Gov ernment continue during the ages to come, for the benefit of those who shall succeed us, we must ever be on our guard against the danger of usur pation of that authority which resides in the whole people, whether the usurpation be by ofticials representing one of the three great departments of Government, or by a body of men act ing without a commission from the people. IMPATIENCE OF THE RESTRAINTS of law, as well as of its delays, is be coming more and more manifest from day to day. Within the past few years many instances have been brought to our attention where in dif ferent parts of our beloved country supposed criminals have been seized and punished by a mob, notwitbstand ing the fact that the Constitution of each state guarantees to every person within its jurisdiction that his life, his liberty or his property shall not be taken from him without due process of law. In a struggle between employers and employees, dynamite is said to have been used by the latter, resulting in the loss of life and the destruction of property. The perpetrators of this of fense against the laws of God and man, and all others engaged in the conspir acy with them, should, after due trial and conviction, have had meted out to them the most rigorous punishment known to the law. This crime, added, to others, led to the formation of a committee of citizens that, with the support of the millitary authority, de ports from the State, without trial, persons suspected of belonging to the organization of which the perpetrators of the dynamite outrages were sup posed to be members. In both cases the reign of law gave way to the reign of force. These illustrations present some evidence of the failure of govern ment to protect the citizen and his property, which not only justified the action of your Convention in this re gard, but made it its duty to call at - tention to the fact that constitutional guarantees are violated whenever any citizen is denied the right to labor, to acquire and to enjoy property, or to reside where his interests or inclina tion may determine; and the fulfil ment of the assurance to rebuke and punish all denials of these rights, whether brought about by individuals or Government agencies, should be en forced by every official and supported by every citizen. The essence of good government lies in the strict ob servance of Constitutional limitations, enforcement of law and order and rug ged opposition to all encroachment upon the sovereignty of the people. LAW VERSUS DIPERIALISM. The foregoing suggestions but em phasize the distinction which exists be tween our own and many other forms of government. It has been well said, in substance, that there are but two powers in government, one the power of the sword, sustained by the hand that wields it, and the other the power of the law, sustained by an en lightened public sentiment. The dif ference in these powers is the differ ence between a republic-such as ours, based on law and a written Constitu tion, supported by intelligence, virtue and patriotism-and a monarchy-sus tained by force exerted by an indivi dual, uncontrolled by laws other than those made or sanctioned by him; one represents constitutionalism, the other .imperialism. THE PRESENT TARIFF LAW is unjust in its operation, excessive in many of its rates and so framed in< particular instances as to exact inordi-1 nate profits from the people. So welli understood has this view become that1 many prominent members of the Re publican party, and at least two of its1 tae conventions, have dared to voice hegeneral sentiment on that subject.< That party seems, however, to be col lectively able to harmonize only upon a plank that admits that rervision may1 from time to time be necessary, but it < is so phrased that it is expected to be1 satisfactory to those in favor of an in crease of duty, to those who favor a reduction thereof, and to those opposed to any change whatever. Judged by the record of perform-( ance, rather than that of promise, on ( the part of that party in the past, it 1 would seem as if the outcome, in the 1 event of its success would be to gratify the latter class. With absolute con- 1 control of both the legislative and ex-] ecutive depatments of the Govern- 1 ment since i arch 4th, 1897, there has< been neither reduction i or .n attempt 1 at reduction in tariff duties. It is not< unreasonable to assume, in the lighti of that record, that a future Congress< of that party will not undertake a re-I vision of the tariff downward in the event that it shall receive an endorse- i ment of its past course on that subjecta by the people. It is a fact and should s be frankly conceded that though our party be successful in the coming con test we cannot hope to secure a majori ty in the Senate during the next four years and hence we shall be unable tot secure any modification in the tariff save that to which the Republican majority in the Senate may consent. E CH.ANCEs OF TARIFF REFORM. While, therefore, we are unable to i 've assurances of relief to the people r msuch excessive duties as burden C them, it is due to them that we state e our position to be in favor of a reason- e able reduction of the tariff: we believe i: that it is demanded by the best inter- C ests of both manufacturer and con- r sumer and that a wise and beneficent t revision of the tariff can be accom hsh ed as soon as both branches of 1 ngress and an executive in favor of v it are elected, without creating that 1I sense of uncerttinty and instability a that has on other occasions manifested e itself. This can be achieved by pro- il viding that such a reasonable period 'v shall intervene between the date of the 13 enactment of the statute making a re- a vision and the date of its enforcement 'v a's shall be deemed sufficient for the Cj industry or business affected by such t revision to ad just itself to the changes e and new conditions imposed. So confi- r dent am I in the belief that the de- t mand of the people for a reform of the v tariff is just, that I indulge the hope t that should a Democratic House of r ~-Representatives and a Democratic ex- a ecutive be chosen by the people, even s a Republican Senate may heed the e warning and consent to give at least some measure of relief to the people. TARIFF-BRJED TRUSTS. The combinations, popularly called I -trusts, which aim to secure a monopo ly of trade in the necessaries of life as S well as in those things that are em- Ej ployed upon the farm, in the factory C and in many other fields of industry, a have been encouraged and stimulated 'i by excessive tariff duties. These oper- t ate to furnish a substantial market in t the necessities of eighty millions of C people, by practically ex'cluding comn- 1 petition. With so large a market and a highly remunerative prices continuing ' long after the line of possible competi- C tion would naturally be reached, the o temptation of all engaged in the same a business to combine so as to prevent n competition at home and a resulting c reduction of prices has proved irresis- ? tible in a number of cases. All men a must agree that the net result of en- 9 acting laws that foster such inequit- ift able conditions is most unfortunate n for the people as a whole, and it should c seem as if all ought to agree that the e ffective remedy would be to appro- cc )riately modify the offending lan. st Itt THE COURTS NOT TO BLAME. The growth of monopolv. of w hic :omplaint is justly made, cannot be: e aid at the doors of the Courts of this r ,ountry The decisions of the Supreme court of the United States, the Court >f Appeals of this State and the Courts of last resort in many other la States warrant the assertion that the ommon law as developed affords a omplete legal remedy against mono plies. The fact that they have mul tiplied in number and increased in power has been due, not to the failure of the Courts to apply the law when properly moved be administrative of tieials or private individuals, but to the failure of officials charged with le the duty of enforcing the law to take the necessary procedure to procure the judgments of the Courts in the appro priate jurisdiction, ecupled with the fact that the legislative departments I of some of our State Governments, as L well as Congress in the manner already . referred to, have, by legislation, en- t couraged their propagation. What is needed-in addition to the passage of1 a statute revising the tariff duties to a reasonable basis-is not so inuclh other and different laws as officials a! having both the disposition and the courage to enforce existing law. While t this is my view of the scope of the b commom law, if it should be made to a appear that it is a mistaken one, then I favor such further legislation within constitutional limitations as will give Q the people a just and full measure of t protection. t FILIPINO INDEPENDEFE t] It- is difficult to understand how e any citizen of the United States, to much less a descendant of Revolution- o: ary stock, can tolerate the thought of t: permanently denying the right of self- n government to the Filipinos. Can we Q hope to instill into the minds of our t< descendants reverence and devotion a for a government by the people, while t] denying ultimately that right to the ii inhabitants of distant countries, m whose territory we have acquired a. either by purchase or by force? Can sl we say to the Filipinos, "Your lives, b your liberty and your property may be i taken from you without due process of t] law for all time," and expect we will n long glory in that feature of Magna o Charta, which has become incorporat- 1 ed in substance and effect, into the o Constitution of every State, as well as t] into the Fourteenth amendment to b the Constitution of the United States? tj Can we hope for the respect of the ji civilized world, while proudly guaran- e4 teeing to every citizen of the United t States that no law shall be made or o enforced which shall abridge the privi- t] leges or immunities of citizens of the to United States, or deny to any person t] the equal protection of the laws. and N. at the same time not only deny simi- b lar rights to the inhabitants of the k Philippines, but take away from them the right of trial by jury, and place s( their lives and the disposition of their property in the keeping of those whom we send to them to be their governors? We shall certainly rule it as a nation s Sf we make any such attempt. Viewing the question even from the ;tandpoint of national selfishness, there is no prospect that the twenty , illions of dollars expended in the pur- ti *hase of the islands and the $650,000 - )00 said to have been since disbursec t] will ever come back to us. The acci- h lent of war brought the Philippines a4 nto our possession and we are not at b: liberty to disregard the responsibility S Nhich thus came to us, but that re- s sponsibility will be best subserved by preparing the islanders as rapidly as ossible for selfgovernment and giving o them the assurances that it will S. ome as soon as they are reasonably repared for it. There need be no fear ti ihat the assertion so often made of fi ate, that we have now become a world tu >ower, will then be without support. rg urs is a world power, and as such it nust be maintained, but I deny that t is at all recently that the United ~ states has attained that eminence. h' ur country became a world power B ver a century ago, when, having ul brown off foreign domination, the o yeople established a free government, al he source of whose authority sprung, di mnd was continuously to proceed, from s he will of the people themselves. It rrew as aworld power as its sturdy . ~itizens, to whose natural increase t were added immigrants from the Old o World seeking to obtain here the liter- vI y and prosperity denied them in their la >wn countries, spread over the face of rt ,he land, reduced the prairies and a] orests to cultivation, built cities, con ~tructed highways and railroads, till ow a nation which at the formation I f the Government numbered only 3 - 0,000 in population, has become 80,- 0] 00,000 and from ocean to ocean and tc he lakes to the '3ulf, the country is a he abode of a free aed prosperous peo- or le, advanced in the highest degree i a s he learning and arts of civilization.t .t is the liberty, the advancement and t1 he prosperity of its citizens, not any St areer of conquest that make the coun- at ry a world power. This condition we tu iwe to bounty of Providence, unfolded pe n the great natural resources of the be untry, to the wisdom of our fathers St ranifested in the form of government j stablished by them, to the energy, to dustry, moral character and law biding spirit of the people them- a elves. YE ARE NOT A MILITARY PEOPLE ient on conquest, or engaged in ex- A ending our domains in foreign lands, ti *r desirous of securing natural advan- se ages, however great, by force; but a at eople loving peace, not only for our-s elves, but for all the nations of the arth. The display of great military arma- tbn ents may please the eye and, for the Ti aoment, excite the pride of the dc itizen, but it cannot bring to the thn ountry the brains, brawn and muscle Fi f a single immigrant, nor induce the he avestment here of a dollar of capital. p1 )f course such armament as may be t Lecessary for the security of the.coun r and the protection of the rights of er s citizens, at home or abroad, must ru e maintained. Any other course ar rould be not only false economy, but tis usilanimous. I protest, however. ble gainst the feeling, now far too preval- bh nt, that by reason of the command- ra g position we have assumed in the rord we must take part in the dis- en utes and broils of foreign countries. tb nd that because we have grown great reshould intervene in every important uestion that arises in other parts of he world. I also protest against the th rection of any such military establish- Y ent as would be required to maintain bl he country in that attitude. We m< rould confine our international activi- w ies solely to matters in which the ed ights of the country or of our citizens re directly' involved. That is not a "I ituation or isolation, but of independ- th WE ARE NOT WORLD RULERS. eli The Government of the United ta tates was organized solely for the no eople of the l nited States. While it SO] ras contemplated that this country dii hould become a refuge for the oppress- we d of every land, who might be tit to pa ischarge the duties of our citizenship. sa *nd while we have always sympathized , ith the people of every nation in h heir struggles for self-government, he Government was not created for a tic areer of political or civilizing evange- th lzation in foreign countries or among Ich lien races. The most efticient work e can do in uplifting the people of! ther countries is by the presentationI f a happy, prosperous self-governing Mt ation as an ideal to be emulated, a fi iodel to be followed. The general oc- C. upation of our citizens in the arts of at eace, or the absence of large military las rmaments. tends to impair neither ha atriotism nor physical courage, and , >r the truth of this I refer the young s ien of to-day to the history of the rei ivil war. For fifty years, with the tiE FARMERS AT CLEMSON they Heard Many Speeches on a Variety of Topics. rHE ATTENDANCE NOT LARGE. Uniited States Senators Tillman and Latimer Made Speeches. Mdany interesting Matters Discussed by Other Speakers. A special dispatch from Clemson Dollege to The State says there were ibout three times as many farmers at the institute last year as there are this year. The political campaign, the rains and the fact that all could not be comfortably accommodated last year are the reasons assigned for the smaller attendance. THE EXPERIENCE MEETING. About 300 farmers held an experi ence meeting in the auditorium Tues day afternoon. Col. Newman presid ed and Senator Latimer occupied a seat on the stage. Mr. E. D. Smith of Sumter told of his experience in marketing crops. In a few introductory remarks he illus trated the need of dealing with all matters in a practical way and of ap plying mind t:) matter. This princi ple was not aoplied by farmers in marketing their crops. They were the only producers in the world who did not set the price on their pro ducts. All producers would calculate how much it casst to make their goods and adding to this a fair profit would offer iL. for sale at a price to cover these items. The farmers made their crops and then asked the purchaser to fix the prica. While the scuthern cotton farmer has a monopoly of a great product yet he had made no effort to control the price of his pro duct. He had no representative on the cotton exchange or elsewhere, but in the past had been content to let the balance of the world fix the price of cotton. If they continued in this way they would show themselves to be great fools. He explainel a plan he had used at Lynchburg, his home. A number of farmets in the neighborhood had form ed an organization and had made him their saks agent. A charge of 25 cents a bale was made to cover the expenses. The farmers would bring their cotton to town in such lots as would be convenient to the m. Mr. Smith would then telegraph to vari ous exporters and the cotton pur chasers asking for bids for so much cotton. He kept informed of the pri, e at Liverpool, New York, and other points, and if the price offered was satisfactory he would sell the cotton the members of the -organiza Lion had brought to town that day.. By so acting the members of the or ganization had made about $6,000 on 3,000 bales of cotton more than they would have made if the organization ha- not existed. He believed if simi lar organizations were formed thrughout the country the price of cotton could be regulated, and the buls and bears would not control the situation. If the organization could be further perrfected so as to regulate the acreage the condition of the cot ton farmer would be much improved. The. southern farmer had a good nough thing in c~tton raising and if he would just mix brains with his business he would lead a very happy existence. Mr. Smith drew a very amusing pic ture of the present manner of selling 3tton by the average farmer. He made the farmer out to be a man lack ing in self respect tinless his face be ied his fteelings and made him out to be a ridiculous figure tramping around town in the cold ard rain trying to sell his bale of cotton from a sample to noodle-headed men who did not iave the natural ability of the farmer. he only hope of the farmer was to oi m organizations such as were to be ound in all callings and until such rganizations as he had indicated were ~ormed to fix the price of cotton the ~armers of the south would be beggars > their own doorsteps. They had a 2atural monopoly and if they did not ~ake advantage of their opportunities ~hey were monstrous fools. GOOD ROADs. Prof. Newman then introduced Sena or Latimer who spoke of his go-d oads bill. He said that before the armers could market their crop profit bly they must have good roads, and 2is bill provided for the building of ood roads without its costing tbe peo >le one cent more than now. It as unfair to make the farmers bear L1 the expense of building roads. It as just as reasonable to make the nkmen of a city keep up the streets >f a city. Therefore every one in the ountry should assist and his bill imply provided for this. making the ederal government spend a sum on he roads equal to that expended by he State. He explained in detail the features f his bill, which has been given be ore in The State. He was well receiv d and given close attention. At the conclusion of Senator Lati ner's address he asked all who favored he bill to stand up. Every man, wo nan and child in the audience stood The afternoon exercises were con luded by an address by Prof. Earle, ssoiate professor of mechanical en ineering. Without dealing tc~o much n technicalirnies he gave interesting ,n valuable advice on the care of team engines. He explained the caus s of boiler explosions and the means if preventing them, commended most lighly gasoline engines in preference o steam engines and also spoke favor bly of wind mills. The entire even Ing sessicn was de oted to addresses by Prof. Chambliss in insects, injurious and beneficial this address was illustrated by stere ptican views of the boll weevil), and sichard H. Edmonds, edito-- of The Ianufacturers' Record, on immigra ion and its importanc~e to the farm g interests of the south. The institute will close tomorrow aorning. Addresses will be delivered the morning by Prof. Hardin on 'Cmmercial Fertilizers," " aad Prof. towlan on "Feeding Live Stock." WEDNEsDAYs MEETING. After the ex;;erience meeting Wed ~esday afterncon MIaj. Alvord, chief f dairy division of the agricultural epartment, spoke on the "Dairy ow, Milk and Its Products." For 'eneral use a gozd, combination of eneral purpose cow, he said, is often liamed to be better; but as a rule hey are not best. They are not tirst lass in any respect. The tru~e dairy ow turns all her food, except enough arely to support life, into milk. The two questions to be considered the dairy cow are quantity and uality. Quality Is more important ban quantity. The quality is in tne ow, while quantity is a matter of ratmnt. Qality annnt be per untr-y had been at peace, with a inding army most of the time of less an ten thousand men. He who inks that the nation had growiN ef minate during that period should ad the casualty rolls of the armies either side at Shiloh. Antietam, :edericksburg and Get.tysburg, at one River and Chickamauga. I would the last man to pluck a single ural from the crown of any one of the ilitary heroes to whom this country ves so much, but I insist that their ost heroic deeds preceeded inrinitely ore from devotion to the country. Lan from martial spirit. As I have already proceeded at too -eat length. other <iuestions suggest I in the platform. must await my tter of acceptance. Mr Chairman: In most graceful )eech vou have remninded me of the .eat responsibility, as well as the ceat honor of the nomination be owed upon ine by the Convention >u represcnt this day. Be assuied iat both are appreciated-so keenly )preciated that I am humbled in eir presence. NO SECOND TERM WANTED. I accept, gentlemen of the commit e, the nomnination, and if the action the Convention shall be endorsed by i election by the people I will, God ,lping me. give to the discharge of ie duties of that exalted otfice the ?st service of which I am capable and the end of the term retire to private fe. I shall not be a candidate for, :r shall I accept, a renomination. veral reasons might be advanced for iis position, but the controlling one ith me is that I am fully persuaded iat no incumbent of that ottice should 7er be placed in a situation of possible mptation to consider what the effect action taken by him in an adminis ative matter of great importance ight have upon his political fortunes! uestions of momentous consequence ) all the people have been in the past 7d will be in the future presented to ie President for determination, and approaching the consideration, as ell as in weighing the facts and the -guments bearing upon them, he iould be unembarrassed by any possi le thought of the influence his decision Lay have upon anything whatever iat may effect him personally. I ake this statement, not in criticism any of our Presidents from Wash gton down who have either held the ice for two terms or sought to succeed iemselves- for strong arguments can advanced in support of the re-elec on of a President. It is simply my idgment that the interests of this )untry are now so vast and the ques ons presented are frequently of such erpowering magnitude to the people at it is indispensable to the main nance of a befiLtting attitude before e people not only tnat the Chief agistrate should be independent, it that that independence should be aown of all men. Judge Parker followed his manu :ript closely. A NEW DISPENSARY IDEA. xid to Have Originated With a Member of the Board. A dispatch from Columbia siys a ell defined idea has taken root in te mind of the State board of con ol. It is to interest leading grocery >uses in the sale of bottled goods as ents of the dispensary system ranch dispensarircs, so to speak. yme years ago some such plan was iggested and urged. How it will >w take is uncertain and doubtful. e pan is to see if such firms as tml: B. Wilson, Klinck-Wycenberg, rech & Eason, and other firms of at standing will consent to sell the er grades of liquors and wines for te dispensary under the dispensary gulations. The idea is just now ~ing particularly pressed by one ember of the board of control and Shopes to see his views carried out. e urges that sach ager cies will pop arize the dispensary; will offer a ediumn for purchases where buyers e averse to patronizing out and out spensarih s and that they will be a urce of considerable revenue to the ate, city and county. The contec on s that such a plan will be per issible under the present law, and is ry questionable but the dispensary w has erer been as stretchable as a bber band and the State board is most supreme. At all events, the lard could urge the necessary legis tion if the plan be decided upon. The idea is now to try the plan in aarleston and if it works well there, extend its operations. It would be popular move, but whether prudentI acceptable is another matter. The ggestion is that fancy grocers prior; the dispensary law in .many in mes sold finer and bottled liquors d that the scheme would be to re rn to such a plan only under dis nsary dispensation, and the sales to made of liquors bought through the ate board of control. The St. I hns Hotel would like to have aI urists hotel privilege in Charleston d will probably secure it. Legislators Flght. A dispatch from Atlanta to the agusta Herald says: Representa re Maples. of Mitchell, and Repre atative Franklin, of Washington .d Doorkeeper Albert Map'es, the of Representative Maplee, engaged1 a spectacular fight on the ti-:or of e house of representatives at noon esday. The speaker ordered the orkeeper to allow no one to leave e hall and when Representative ankln attempted to go out he was ld back by Doorkeeper Albert Ma- 1 is. Licks began to pass between e legislator and the young doorkeep ,when the father of young Maples shed to the assistance of his son d attacked Franklin. A general ticuff followed and it is said that od flowed freely as the result of the Cdy noses. The other members a up and got between the beliger ts and separated them. It is said at the boy drew a knife. * c Wedding Called ofr. 'he Rev. F. A. Scoffeld, pastor of e First Methodiht Church, New >rk Wednesday, annoutccd to assem d wedding guests that the cere ny he had been asked to perform uld not cccur. The marriage arrang was that of Mrs. Elizabeth S. Cald 1 and Carl Frederickson. Just as e minister was beginning the cere >y Frederickson informed his bride ct that her two children must be ten to an orphan 2sylum. She did t take kindly to this and Frederick i told her there would be no wed ig. Mrs. Caldwell left the place and nt to her home. Frederickson de rted from the city. Mrs. Cald well s she had supposed Frederickson uld provide for the children, as he d always shown them great atten-. n, and that it was a mere chance ,t suggested the subject at the arch. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Senator Vest Dead. A dispatch from Sweet Springs, >., his summer home, says that t mer United States Senator George c Yest died there Tuesday morning c 5 o'clock after a lingering illness t ted many months. Senator Vest been at the point of death for i ne time and his relatives and friends q dized that it was only a question of t ae when the venerable and beloved c S manently affected by treatment or i food. C The selection of the breed is the a main thing. Milk is i water, 120 s ounces of water in une gallon, 1S f ounces of fat or solids. The solids are I so combined with the water that they i may be taken out but cannot be recom bined. All the folids except fat are fixed. The variation in the fats de- i pends on the cow and her breeding. I The coloring matter in milk and i butter is valueless entirely. The speaker discussed feeding and treat- I ment fully. The lhcture was made 1 clear by the use of tigures and illustra tions. Maj. Alvord Isto speak again. 1 At the night session a large crowd : gathered to hear two lectures which 1 proved interesting and instructive. 1 The first speaker was Mr. G. A. Parker of Hartford, Conn., one of th2 most noted handscape gardeners in this country, who read a carefully pre pared paper on the "Development of Publ"c Grounds in Cities and Vil lages." The papei' will be given to the State in full later. Prof. W. M. Riggs followed Mr. Parker wlo discussed entertiningly "Protection of Property from Light ning Discbargcs." The subject of protection from light ning, often ridiculed, is a matter of great importarce. The agent too of ten offers showy but imperfectly made rods which are worse than no rods. Prof. Riggs then gave a clear state ment of the' construction, erection and u -e of lightning rods and especial ly the cost. The generation and ac tion of electricity was cl ariy dis cussed and illustrated by lantern slides. Many beautiful experiments were given. The galvanized iron rod is cheap and good. Copper is good, but it is a waste of money to buy the cop per rod when the galvanized iron is just as good. The surface of the rod is the thing of importance. The larger the surface the better. The corrugation.or twist ing of the rod is to secure as large amount of surface with a minimum weight. The point is of small impor tance, but the grounding is very Im portant. The-rod should be over all parts of the roof so as to gather the electricity and gradually discharge it. It is better to have the rods insulated from the building, though it is not of great importance. Chimneys and open windows in barns are often struck. The heated air forms a good passage to the e'ec tricity. It is a good plan to put rods on chimneys and on the highest points of the house. The cost of the best installation of rods ought not to cost over 30 or 35 cents. The be;t ground is made by rivet ing the rod to a cast iron plate which should be buried into the ground where moisture is continuous and .embeded in charcoal. SENATOR TILLMAN SPEAKS. After the audience was adjourned the cry of "Tillman" was heard. It was immediately taken up and bEcame general. The senator was greeted with applause. He spoke of the pleasure it gave him to be here, to see so many farmers here, and especially so many ladies. "There has been a great deal of comrlaint recently," he said. "People are going up and down the State hunt ing office., some of them hunting trou ble, criticising and fly-blowing the col lege, but the boys keep a coming. We've had to double our capacity and finally we have erected the finest agri cultural building in the south. "I had something to do with the establishment of this institution; br cause I felt the need of just such an institution. We, as trustees, had to start at the ground. "The boys all wanted to go to other departments Instead of the agricul tural. Those of you who hxave been along the same road that I have, when we struggled from y ear to year and made nothing, can understand why the boys dd not want to try it. The boys who took the mechanical course went out and got good positions, some pay ing $5,000. Compare that with the home he came from. The mothers told their boys not to become farmers. These boys were Scuth Carolinians and we gave them what they wanted. "The men who first opp~sed the col lege are now flooking to it. Old Char leston is sending more than any other section. "The farmers' sons have come here and got what they wanted. "Tuose who say we have fooled the farmes and have not given them what they wanted simply lie. "The cry now is for more people to take the places of those who have gone to the cotton mills. All of you who believe a foreigner will come here and do what you and your kin can't do if you are given the same showing, hold up your bands. (No hands.) I 4 am glad you haven't lost faith In your: own kith and kin. "I am in favor of decent immi-1 grants. During my 57 years I'~'e had a ard struggle to keep my hill lands from wasbing away. It's Clemson's mision to teach you how to farm. We know we have shortcomings. We have been running only 11 years. Who has ever turned tbe world over and revolu-1 tonized 1 hough in 11 years. We are growing gray as we pass down the hill of life, but we hope that you will take 1 our place and carry on our work. "If you are not bamboosled by the cheapjohn politicians who say that we have spent too much money, and will look around here at the $60,000 worth of buildings and look at the 250 boys we have turned out you will realize that we are doing the best we can and angels could do no more. "Tell us something about politics for God's sake," said one white haired farmer. But the senator declined, say ing it was no place for politics. THURsDAY MioRNING. There was a large crowd at the ( institute at the morning session t Thursday and all seemed to enjoy thej day. Men and women are seen on every part of the grounds and through I all the buildings. Many are here for t enjoyment and seem to get it. 0th- r ers are here for information and are f getting what they come for. Every- f body seems happy, and while a few t are beginning to leave, most seem anxious to stay through the meeting. v The first speaker of the morning was Maj. Henry E. Alvord, who dis- f cussed "Principles of Fe::ding." There c is great variety and quantity of food s and feeding. While these foods differ 2 outwardly, intrinsically they are near- t ly the same. If we understand the li principles of feeding, therefore, we s bave all that is necessary. b Purposes of food and feeding: Noth Eng a, more important than that food t hould be healthful. It should be E artly succulent, partly dry. It must P >e satisfying. Neither animal nor nan will eat enough unless the food ti ~atisfies, is relished. Coupled with a ~his goes the matter of digestibility. r i healthy animal will not willingly r( sat what is indigestible. All fooa jel aaterials contain a considerable part f water, which cannot be considered s part of the food. Grass, roots, en ilage, as a rule, carry about three ourths of digestible matter, but only talf of it is appropriated. Straw is nuch less digestible. Physical character of food must be onsidered with reference to the an mal. Large stomachs require laTge mounts, while small stomachs de nand trore concentrated foods. If feeding is profitable, the more 'eedi--g, within reasonable limits, the Jetter. Balancing food is important. For bis we must rely on chemistry. ?hysiolcgical chemists have prepaied ables of digestibility which are very iseful. The dry matter in food is what we must consider. The digesti >le portions of food may be divided ato life supporting and lsh or mus fle producing parts. Both parts of he food are nutritious. The nutri ive ratio seen so often means the elative proportions of heat or life opporting elements to the flesh pro lcing elements. The he-it produc .rs, or life sustainers are known as :-arbonacet u elements. Corn straw lay, etc., are rich in cartonaccous matter. The flesh producers contain nitro genous matter, as the glutinos parts )f corn, wheat, etc. The nutritive ratio ougbt to be 5 to 1, that is 5 parts of heat producer to 1 part of fl sh producing material. rimothy hay is 11 to 1; clover hay is 5 to 1; corn meal is 12 to 1; cotton seed meal is 1.4 to 1; grass 5 to 1; wheat bran is 4 to 1; cow peavine hay I to 1. It is desirable to keep these tables to guide us. Fir instance, by refer ring to the table we can sie that timothy hay and corn meal ought not to be fed together, because they are too much alike. Cotton seed hulls are down along with straw. Maj. Alvord gave a list of bulletins and tables bearing on the subject. Maj. Alvord was followed by Prof. 0. C. Newman'on "Fruits and Vege tables." He first gave answers to a number of questions, among them pruning and training grap3s. The trellis, stake, single cane spiral, and various other methods of pruning were clearly discussel. The selection of varieties is espe lally important. Moore's Early is a goad shipper, not very subject to dis ease, but it is better to spray. The Niagara is one of the best var'eties of white grapes not very liable to rot. The Lindey is perbaps the very best variety, being sowewhat better than the Delaware. It is necessary to bag the Delaware to protect from birds, and prolong the season. The Catawba is a fine grower, but will rot unless kept thinned, especially in wet weather. Grapes grow and do well on any soil if well trained, but are les; subject to disease on sandy soil. Spray as the grape is the size of a shot. and repeat every three weeks until the grapes begin to color. The barrel pump is the best spraying ma ebine. WINTHROP COLLEGE. [continued from page 1 ] is considerably greater than ever be ore. The number of pupils who can te accommodated in the dormitories after rooms have been as~igcned to the in tructors is 420; over 280 students ap plied for readmission; this left room for 140 new applicants. At the exami ation held on July 8 there were 130 2v'er the number applying last year. his gave a total of over 800 appli :ants up to July 8, and a constant stream of applications has been pour ing n by mail ever since. Judging by the experience of former ears, the list will continue to grow up 1 the very opening day. The new cat ilogues are now being distributed, and Ihe assignment of rooms is being made by the ofice force. As soon as his is completed all will be ready for bhe next year. FAMILY WIPED OUT. other and Four Children Die in a Train Wreck and 2ATHER IS FATALLY INJUEED. ) Two Hundred Persons in the Cars she Little F'amily (Group Arec the Only Ones Who Are Killed in Wreck. - At Chicago a woman and her four ittle children were killed in a grade irossing hprror Wednesday night. ?early two score persons were injured, ut death smote just or e little group, e fmily of 0. C. Schwartz, of Chica o. Of six he is the only one alive, Lnd 'he is injured probably fatally. 'here were nearly 200 passengers ~board the train. At tbe dangerous Brighton Park rosing, at We.tern avenue and Thir yninth street, a Chicago & Erie reight train crashed into a local west pund Baltimore & Ohio passenger rain, overturning two coaches, one if which was smashed. The accident Iccurred at a point where many tracks utersect. The ceilision followed a frantic ef ort on the part of the crossing lag nan to change the course of he freight train, which .was on the anhandle tracks, and to the crew of rhich he had given a signal that all vas clear for them to back over the laltimore & Ohio tracks. The passenger train, which was oving rapidly, was struck by the reight cars squarely in the middle. )ne of the freight cars crashed rough the woodwork of the coach,J ust where the Schwar-tzes were seated. The crash that followed the collis-< n could be heard for blocks, as could 4 he cris and screams of the injured,1 ingled with the hissing of steami rom the broken and battered' 1 reight engine, that lay sidewise upon be wreckage of a coach. The bodies of some of the victims 1 rere frightfully bruised and burned. Ambulances and patrol wagons ro a number of police stations, in-l luding Brighton Park, Thirty-fifth reet, Deering street, Hinman andi rew City were hurried to the scene of I e wreck as quickly a possible. Po eman by the dozens, assisted by :ores >f volunteers, carried out the 3dies and cared for the injured. s Homes in the neighborhood werec arned into temporary hospitals pend g the arrival of the ambulances andi atrol wagons. An investigation will be made to de-I ermine who was responsible for the 1 ~cident. The odicials of the Chicago I Erie and the Baltimore and Ohio I iad sent agents to the scene and de re the guilty will be punished. jI THE HODGE'S MURDER 'lanned by a Society of Negroes Or ganiz-d for Murder. A dispAtch from Statesboro, Ga., ys a new light is atout to be thrown n the tragedy. J. C. Deal, G. L. likell and J. M. Fordham have just turned from Sivannah where they ent to see the two negroes charged rth the murder, viz., Paul Reid and Vill Caoe. Catoe is said to be hold ag up as well as could be expected, ,ut Reid is about to break down. He old the gentlemen referred to above , good many things and promised to aake a clean breast of the whole aatter when they call on him again or the purpose of obtaining if possi >le, all the details of the horrible rime. Wte-1 first approacied Reid refused. o talk. He stated that he had deeided o die with all he knew still concealed a his breast, but the men who had nown him for years finally prevailed in him to talk. - He said that there was a society :nown as the "Before Day Club" wbich held meetings in the neighbor Lood; it was at a meeting of this club hat the murder was p'anned, that the nen to do the work were selected In his meeting, and that three other nen, viz, I. L. Smith, A. J. Smith nd Miles L. Waters were selected as he otber three victims. The name 1 the club was made "The Before )ay Club" for the reason that it neets after midnight and always ad .urns before day. Reid says that -a large number of he negroes in that sectioa belong to ;he club. He did not state why it was that the other three men were iot k lied on this occasion. He stated hat he knew his doom, and expressed 2lmself as being afraid to come back iere. He stated that he feared even 3is own race. He was trying to mike peace with God, and if tae men would. ame back on Tuesday he would till hem all he knew about it, and give he names of all the parties who were mgaged in the cammission of t1.6 :rime or the planning of It. Mr. Miles Waters was in town rhursday, and believes there is such , L club as the one that Reid claims er sts here. He says that it met on unday night near his house, and he loes not relish the idea that his name ias been handed in as one of the par Aies marked for slaughter. Other parties who were in town from the section above here also believe that such a club exists. They say that one At the meeting places of the club Isat he Nichols kin house about ten miles ibove here. They will meet at a late bour and hold secret sessions -until just before day, when they will quiet ly slip away. Messrs. Deal and the other gentle men will go down to Savannah this morning and will endeavor to get all the facts possible from Reid. Catoe will also be visited again. The two negroes have not seen each other sin'ce they were locked in Onatham county jaiL One is onthe dirst flocrrof the jail and the other one on the third flor. Handy B.11, thenegro who is said* to have had the gun, has never been released from jail, though he was not ordered held by the~ coroner's jury. Will R tiney, another negro Implicated by Reid, has been arrested and placed In jail. Reid's statement will be looked for. wth agod deal of interest and agood deal depends on hoir he makes It, anid the reasonableness of his assertions as to how it will be received. If he un derstands as it seems that he does, that he Is a doomed man, and that-hs will neither profit nor gain by putting. fhers in the same plight as himself, ne will probably break down and tell the truth about it.. That is the rec >rd even of the most abandoned crini ials. When they see certain death facng them, they then begin to make peace with their maker as- a las ort, and can then be d upon ~otell the trut 'ier than at any )ther ti Burt in BaHI Game. A dispatch from Mullins to The. tate says a game of ball was played here bet ween Waccamaw, N. C., and ullins resulting In a victory of 7 ta.o 0 in favor of the visitors. During he progress of the game, while -Bea nan was up the bat slipped from hid iands and struckTimmie Yarborough Isevere blow on his head. At flirsj as thought his skuli,had been broken~ ut later. it was thought not. A few noments later the same thing hap iened; the bat flew out of Mr. Skin er's hands bitting a young man, lary Smith. He was not very much urt and Is able to be out. Killed in a Wreck. A Cotton Belt paesenger train ~ :nown as tbe "World's Fair Flyer," outhbound, was frecked late this ,fternoon as it was entering the local ards at Temasans, Aik. The log active ran upon a defective rail or ato an open switch. Eagineer Bob qhite was buried under the wreck nd died two hours later. Fireman im Yauch was terribly burned anid rused and is not expected to live. A egro employe of the road who was ck and on his way to the company's ospital at Tyler, was badly crushed nd has since died. A Widow Assaulted. Mrs. Whitehurst, widow of L-fe aver Whitehurst at Dam Neck Sta ion, just below Virginia Beach, was sauled in her rooaa Wednesday ght. Mrs. Whitehurst's screams larmed a lady companion In another om who ran to the life saving sta ion to report. The man made his cape and Mrs. Whitehurst cannot iy whether he was white or black. posse is pursuing him and if caught ere probably will be a lynching. -Roasted In His Cell. A Special from Coeburn, Va., says: aesar Young, colored, proprietor of restaurant at Toms Creek, a mIning peration of the Virginia Iron, Coat~ ad Coak company, as the result of a attempt to burn his way orit of the >Wnl lock-up, was roasted alive before sistance cound reach him. He was erested on a charge of selling moon lne whiskey. Young had on his per >n $108, which was burned. Big Losses. The Russian estimate of the Japan e losses thus far as the result of the ige of Port Arthur aggregate 23, - ) men. This indicates most des ~rate fighting by the Japanese army ~seiging the fortress, and those in ithority here declare that the Mika )'s injunction not to waste the lives the soldiers is ironical. * A, BIG NAVAL BATTLE11 [continued from page 1.] "After nightfall the Czarevitch. be ing unable to follow the squadron and csing sight of it, took a s .utherly irection in order to attempt to reach S Vladivostok under her own steam. She was attacked by torpedo boats luring the night, and at dawn was in . the vicinity f Shantung. The officer r 3mranding the squadron, having ex- 9 amined and determined the extent of the damage to the ship, concluded that she could not make Vladivostok and allowed her captain to proceed to u Kiacchou for repairs. t "Those killed included Rear Ad miral Withoft, Navigating Flag Li Ut Azarieff, Navigating Lieut Draguishe uitcb. Thess slightly wounded in- I luded myself and eight others. A E number of sailt rs were killed or wounded, but just how many has not yet been ascertained. "I arrived at Kiaochou at 9 o'clock, in the evening, and found there the t cruiser Nuvik and the trpedo boat 1 Bezshuni. "I am happy to bear witness to your Majesty to the un -ximpled bravery of the officers and men dur ing the desperate encounter." JAPS WIN ANOTHER VICTORY. A dispatch from Tokio says V~ce Admiral Kamimura encountered the Russian Vladivostok squadr n at ncon Saturday roith of Tsu Island, in the Strait of Corea, and attacked the ene my at once. The battle lasted for five hours and resulted in a complete Jap anese victory. The Russian cruihe Rurik was sunk and the cruisers Rsssia and Gromo'ol fled nor'hward after having sustained serious dam age. Vice Admiral Kamimura cables the navy department that the injuries inflicted upon his vessi1s were slight. The fate of the crew of the Rarik is not known. It is presumed that many of them were killed or drowned. The strength of the fleet undr Vice Ad miral Kmimura is not known, but it is presumed that he had the Adsuma, Idsumo, Iwate, Takashiho and other light cruisers. Tokio is joyous over the news, as it gives Japan mastery of the sea and restores commerce. THE WEATHER AND CROPS. What Section Director Bauer Says About Them in This State. Section Director Bauer Wednesday ssuei the following crop report: The week ending 8 a. m., August 8zh, had a mean temperature of 77 degrees, which is about 3 below nor mal. The ext remes were a minimum of 63 at Greenville on the 3rd, and a maximum of 91 at Florence on the 3rd. The weather was generally clogdy, w.th some diffused sunlight during the middle of each day. Th deficiency in sunshine extended to all parts of the State and is considered harmful to cotton only. There were no damaging high viinds or hail storms. There was rain in som3 parts of the State every day in the week, and generally over the greater part of it. Excessive amounts fell in all parts ex cept Abbevill'e and Saluda counties, where the amounts were sufficient for the present needs of all crors. The following hWavy wieekly amounts were reported, and show an even distribu ton: Greenwood, 7.62; Conway, 5 28: Spartanburg, 5.62; Florence, 4.12; Yewa-se, 4.08; Batesburg, 4 66; Wal halla, 3.65; White Hal], 3.85; Colum. bia, 3.95; Kingsti ec, 3 80; Cheraw, 3.40; Greenville, 3.50; Little Moun tao, 3.41; St. Matthews, 3 30; Allen dale, 3.10; Charlcston, 3 50 inches Many other points reported from two to three inches. Lands were washed in piaces and bottcm lands of small streams were overflowed, but the in jury to crops from these sources was cnrparatively slight. With the ex ception of cotton, the rains were generally beneticial on crops. Early corn is made and fodder is ready to pull as soon as the weather permits; the ears are well filled; young corn continues piomising, although it suffered slight damage from over flows and from firing and scalding in places, due to the excessive rainfall. .As a rule it Improved. The excessive moisture and lacksi unshine caused cotton on san 1ads to turn yellow and shed b tii squares and half grown boils, and to develop too much weed on red& and clay lands. Rust has appeared in all parts of the State and is spreading rapidly; wilt or blight is reported-from small areas. Cottcn, as a rule, is heavily fruited An contiuEs to grow, and to bloom and fr uit as the new growth develops. Thee are numerous full grown bolls, but the humid and cloudy weather is not conducive to their rapid opening, althodgh occasional open boils have been noted in the central and south ern counties. Sea-island cotton has good color, large weed, and is well fruited, but some fields have become grassy. Rice is doing well, and early rice has illed heads and Is ripening. The rivers have become "fresh," although still low in the Georgetown district. There is a marked improvement in late rice. Tobacco is curing nicely, ~ and this work is nearly finished; the tobacco crop is of good quality and the yields are satisfactory. Peas, ~ ugar cane, sorghum, sweet potatoes, ardens and pastures made marked improvement. The rainy weather I aused peaches, apples and grapes to rot extensively, and melons to be-~ :ome somewhat watery. The frequent rains interfered with haying in the a :ast meadows. Turnips were plant ad extensively and are coming up to good stands. A Peculiar Case. The Record says the governor Wed~ esday pardoned Perry Cooper, ofa Laurens, convicted of manslaughter r md sentenced to two years in the a penitentiary in 1903. Cooper killed is brother-in-law under peculiar cir-e :umstances. He had several experi-~ mces with burglars, and hearing a ioise outside his house one night he ired out of the window to frighten hem away. The ball struck Hender on Garret, his- brother-in-law, and rilled him. It is stated in the peti ,ion that the jury found him guilty inder the idea that he would get a a entence or about six months. When 0 ie was sentenced to two years theya 1 agreed to petition for his pardona n one year. The solicitor also recoin nended it.a Charges Fraud. . s] George W. Morgan, New York State I uperintendent of elections, Wednes lay night gave out a statement in hich he says it is estimated that 600,000 have been made within the >ast year in the sale of fraudulent Isi apers. He adds that the federal au-0 rhorities estimate that over 100,000 p raudulent naturalization papers have b een sold by those enaged in this Illicit al ,atc and that 30,000 of these have d ,een isued in Nw York city. o