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Two Journeys. "I go on a journey far as ay," She sa'd-she stooped and kissed me then, "Over the ocean for many a day Good bye," and she kissed me once again. But only a few short months had fned When again I answered my wife's kiss: "I could not iarry away," she said: "There Is never a land as fair as this." Again I stood by my dear wife's side. "I go on a journey, sweet, to-day; Ov- r the river t he boatmen glide Good-bye; I shall linger long away." "Ah, she will come back soon, I know." I said, as she stooped for the parting kiss; She cannot tarry. she told me so: There is never a land so fair as this.' But many a month and many a year Have ilown since my darling went away, Will she never come back to meet me here? Has she found the region of perfect day? Over the ocean she went and came; Over the river, and lingers there! Oh, pallid boatman' call my name Show me the region so wonderous fair. THE NEGRO PROBLEM. Serious Mistakes Made by the United States Government IN EIf1RENCE TO THE MATTER It is the Problem of the Ages, and Not to be Settled in a Decade or a Century. The following is the first section of an open letter from Ex-Governor D. H. Chamberlain, formerly or this State, to Mr. James Bryce, a member of the English Parliament. The sec ond section will be published next week. The letter Is well worth read ing: The Rt. Hon. James Bryce, M. P., No. 56 Portland Place, London, Eng land-My Dear Mr. Bryce: I think you will anderstand, after our conver sation last summer, with what In creased Interest I have re-read and pondered your great philosophic-for less than that I cannot call it-Ox ford Romanes lecture on "The Re lations of the Advanced and the Back ward Races of Mankind." The Unit ed States are undoubtedly the theatre of one of the most notable exhibitions which history anywhere presents of this problem; for here about.8,000,000 of the black race, almost wholly Afri can, are placed alongside of, inter mixed with, about 17,000,000 of the white race, chiefly Teutonic. This population is disposed over the terri tory of fifteen States of the Union, though more than one-half of the whole number of negroes are found in six of these States; in two States the number of negroes largely exceeding that ofthe White ace; and in the State of South Carolina the ratio of negroes to whites being as 3 to 2; in Mississippi as 7 to 5, and in Louisiana as 8 to 9. ON~LY THIRTY-EIGHT YE A R AGO this entiire mass of negroes, or their immediate ancestors, were chattel slaves. To the original, well defined characteristics of both races have thus been added all the peculiar influences, and habitudes, and results which chat tel slavery, in its modern meaning, produces. Pride of race and the hab it of domination, on the part of the white race, stand over against the consciousness of race inferiority and the habit of submission, on the part of the negro race. Here, in its briefest statement, are presented the factors of a problem whose complexity and difficulty have never before been equalled. I wonder if your study, so much wider than * mine, has found its parallel. Mine certainly has not. The sudden, catastrophic transition of this mass of negroes from slavery * to freedom was marked by one special peculiarity which Is not often or suffi ciently considered; I mean the fact that the transition was to no appre ciable extent effected by the enslaved race itself. Here again my study does not disclose another instance any where of the emancipation from chat tel slavery of a people or race without exertion on the part of the enslaved people or race. Usually this has been the chief force in the stzuggle. But till the close of our war of secession, till the actual and complete triumph * of the armies of the Union, the negro race of the United States, which was in slavery, lifted no single hand, struck no single blow, for Its own freedom. The significance of this fact is tremendous as an indication of .aracter and capacity. ANOTHER PECULIAR FEATURE or element of this problem Is the fact that the masters here did not consent voluntarily In any degree to the eman cipation of the slaves. It was strictly forced upon them at the point of the bayonet and without any pecuniary compensation. This, too, is a fact of great significance as determining the temper and attitude of the master race at the outset of what we call our negro proplem. Before I go farther let me point out how largely almost strictly, artificial, or man-made~ are the elements of this problem in the United States. Neith er nature nor providence, to use our common terms, has placed the negro race and the white race in the close contact in which they ..ow live here. The negro has been forcibly trans planted by the white race from his native land to our shores, from the wild freedom of the land of his origin to the slavery of this country. So, too, as I have already remarked, his emancipation has come not from his own natural efforts or struggles, but wholly from the Intervention and force of a people dissociated from him in locality and alien to his habits, his peculiar character and his characte: istic impulses and passions. Again, the negro here has had political rights thrust upon him without his demand for them, without his knowledge or appreciation of them, and without the least preliminary training or ex perience in using them. Contrast all these with the relations of any other backward race with an advanced one, in any other land or age, and the peculiarity of the problem here will be seen; and not only its peculiarity, but its complexity and dirliculty. A PROBLEM OF THE AGES. Now let me quote a few lines from the conclusion of your Romanes lec ture: "I have sought," you say, "to call your attention to a great secular pro-1 cess in the history of the world, a pro-, cess the steps in which are reckoned j by centuries and whose magnitude transcends the political or commercial questions which claim our thoughts frm da to ay. It is a problem which has now entered a critical. ;>hase, and we see opening before us a ong vista in which there appear pos ;ibilities of an immense increse in the productive powers of the earth and man, possbilities also of trouble and trife between races now being brought into closer and more general contact. As always, elements of peril are balanced by elements of hope. The sentiment of race pride, the keenness of race-rivalry, have been intensified. But the sense of a com mon humanity has grown stronger. When we think of the problems now being raised by the contact of races, clouds seem to hang heavy on the horizon of the future; yet light streams in when we remember that the spirit in which civilized States are preparing to meet those problems is higher and purer than it was when, four centuries ago, a great outward movement of the European nations began." In this I find the philus' phic and the Christian spirit. D-aling with a secular process, how weak and spiritless is our anxiety, our discouragement, 3r our despair, because in less than four decades our peculiar problen here in the United States is still open and un solved! How poor and shallow the in sight that fails to take note of the es sential factors of the problem and beats aimless about in the factuous ex pectation that a secular problem will yield to treatment which is not found ed upon calm study of all the essential conditions, or which is swayed by the miserable exigencies of temporary per sonal and political ambitions and de sires! I, for one, can have no controversy with anyone who does come to the con sideration of this problem in the Uni ted States in what I call THE CHRISTIAN SPIRIT. If anything is clear to me it is that we owe duties, high and solemn duties, to the negro race In our country. I trust that I am not unduly sentiment al in my sympathy and effection for that race. Their lot at best is a hard one. Heaven forbid that I should add to its burdens! Still more do I trust that I am not forgetful that if Chris tianity, if religion, teaches any great and universal lesson it is that we are bond-and the more bound as the dis tance between our race and that race seems wider and wider in respect of education or original capacity or pres ent moral or physical condition-to feel and act constantly in the spiri' of a genuine belief in the brotherhood of all men and the common fatherhood of God. Contempt or neglect or hatred to wards the negro can have no place in a Christian man's heart .or conduct. ow to treat him for his own best good, by what Influences to elevate him, by what arts to inspire the race with ambition to become gool men and women and hence good citizens, how to obliterate all differences except such as are ineradicable, how to ex hi bit towards him and teach others, all men, how to exhibit towards him, the virtues of justice, forbearance, sympa thy, helpfulness- these are the certain and indisputable claims of our .com mon humanity. In my thinking, speak ing and writing on this theme I try to carry such thoughts In my mind and heart at all times. It is the least of my misgivings that I may be charged with inconsistency. I hope I am some what wiser on all subjects-this among the restr-than I was thirty or forty years ago. Regarding our negro problem in this spirit, I find myself forced by my EXPERIENCE AND OBsERVATION to say that perhaps our first practical aim should be to undo, so far as possi ble, what we have heretofore done for the negro since his emancipation; namely, the inspiring in him the hope or dream of sharing with the white race here a social or political equality; for whoever will lay aside wishes and fancies and look only at realities will see that these things are impossibili ties within any measurable range of time, If ever. I assume as a certainty that what you call "the blending of races," by intermarriage, cannot take place between the negro and the white race of this country. I go further and say that such intermixture Is as un desirable as It is impossible. It would be the degradation of the white race, but nos the elevation of the negro race. In your Romanes lecture, af ter discussing "the method of fusion or two races into one through intermar riage," you remark that "this method is not always applicable. Were physi oal repulsion, usually grounded on dif ference of color, exists, sometimes where a sentimental repulsion ground ed on difference of faith, exists, the' two races will not mix their blood, but remain confronting one another as dis int and unfriendly bodies;" and you pointout the Inevitable results of this ttitude on your pages 29-39, pages which I wish all our people might read. THERE ARE THOsE WHO DENY the fact and the verity of the exist mce of this physical repulsion on the part of the white race here towards >ur negro race. I have some eminent md wise acquaintances who regard the ssertion of such replusion as a pre tence. I slippose each idividual on this point must be allowed to speak for imself. Speaking for myself I freely mcknowledge the repulsiou; and speak ng from my observation of others I !eel no doubt that this repulsion may e truly described as a natural and well-nigh universal feeling, a feeling o deeply implanted, so strongly felt my the vast majority of the white race zere that It Is simply quixotic to at ~empt to preach it down or to essen sially lessen its force. It is, therefore, L fact to be reckoned with, not enied or overlooked. Statng with this fact, we find next; hat a tremendous effort has been made tere to establish political equality be ,ween the two races, an etfort which esulted directly in shccking and un earabe misgovernment wherever the iegro race predominated. This in turn nevitably aroused the fierce antagon sm and hate of the white race. In the lesperate struggle.of the white race to ,hrow off its political bondage to the egro, violence and fraud in their nany forms resulted. The triumph of ,he white race in this struggle left the ~elatons of the two races embittered o a high degree. Generations will be eeded to overcome completely the ex cerbaticns and animosities which are he direct fruit of the attempt to es ablish by force of law a political ~quality between the two races. Thus we see that our negro problem ias not only been artificially created n the first Instance, but that it has >een artificially intensified, made dan erous to the peace of the country and lestructive of good relations between he two races. But this is not all nor the worst. A NAMELEss CR1ME, videly prevalent, has come to heat he thrice-hot anta.gonisms which ther causes had aroused and has coy red with ghastly horrors, not only ur South, but a great part of our orth. Of this phase of the problem perfect plainness, for I know it is C hopeless to think of removing or abat- d ing the crime of lynching until thel c crime which has called it into vogue Iv shall cease or be abated. I do not sl wonder, nor will anyone who will real-! n ly make the case his own wonder. P that lynching prevails at our South e as a method of punishment or revenge t for the crime of criminal assault by a negroes on white women. I think it c entirely safe to say that under like t circamstances it would prevail to a e like extent in any part of our country, t or in any Angl-Saxon community. Y Theoretically 1 wouid say with Abra- N ham Lincoln, "There is no crime so c bad that lynching for it is not worse;" t but, practical'y, I come very near to s saying that I do not blame the South t for resorting to l nehing for this I crime. And this terrible remedy has been I attended and followed by the usual , consequences of any resort to lawless 1 methods. In the first place, it has 1 not been deterrent from the crime in I ouestion. In the ne-xt place, it has accumulated horrors such -as do not 1 occur in any othcr part of the whole i civilized world-the burning of hu man beings at the stake-not alone, be it remembered, at the South, but in several of our Middle Western States, and even in John Brown's Kansas. Finally, lynching -s been extended to be the frequent punish ment for other crimes or alleged crim(s. The depraved part of society sometimes resort to it for excitement or for personal revenge. What are we to say and do about all this? MY ANSWER IS, STOP THE CRIME 1 which originally set this dreadful train I of horrors in motion. But who can I do this? My answer is, the negro race 1 alone. If half the energy 'and thought i and money that is now wasted in pul pits and politics and schools were de- I voted to one grand, overwhelming crusade against the crime which first caused lynchings, the monstrous thing could be stamped out. With out this, it is as idle to preach and pray against lynching as it would be to blow one's breath against a gale of wind. But I know of no special or strenuous efforts on the part of the 1 negro race or its chief leaders, or of those of the white race, who are can sidered or consider themselves the negro's special champion, to extirpate this crime. Hampton, Tuskegee, the Ogden Educational Trust, the Ameri can Missionary Society, all are alike i silent, so far as .T know, or engage in no special efforts to root out this foul I crime, the direct cause of so muc I woe to both races. There is, in the whole range of the problem under Cis cussion no duty so imperative, none so neglecbt.d, as that of focussing ef fort, to the neglect, if need be, of all i ese, on the arousing of all else, on the arousing of the negro race itself to the necessity of extirpating this one form of crIme. If all the agencits now working for the negro race were turned to this single end for the nE xt decade more could be done to forward the ne gro's welfare than all that Hampton or Tuskegee or all the other educa tional and religious applances have done or can evecr do. I marvel that no great voice proclaims tbis dut y; ~that no great agency is directed sole ly to this work. In the tumult and din of discusslmn scarcely a note is beard calling attention to this most necessary, this absolutely Indispen sable, of all remedies or efforts. 1 wHAT sow r)0 WE SEE'? We see a race problem, in its origin: artilicially complicated and intensi ied by rash and vain attempts to lift a backward or inferior race-nferiorj certainly in present attainments-into equality of social privileges and stand ing and of p~liticil power with a race long accustomed to rule the back ward< race and filled with what at least we< must recognized as fierce prejudices and apparently unconquerable repug nance to equality of any kind between the two races. We see further thE se relations and long-standing feelings~ aggravatt d to the pitch of madness and frenzy which overrides all law, in a natural and uncontrollable exa pera tion at the prevalence of a crime which no community of our race would tolerate or give over to orderly punish ment by the usual methods of the law. I shall here venture to ask anyone to point out error, or mistake, or mis statement in this summation of the ( conditions of the race problem which 1 States at the present time.C D. H. CHAMBERLAIN. ( DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTION Au Adopted in State Convention at Columbia Last May. A RTICLE I. There shall be one or t more Democratic clubs organized inC each township or ward, each of which clubs shall have a distinct title, "The Democratic Club,"' and shall elect a president and one or more vice - presidents, a recording and a corres ponding secretary and a treasurer, and shall have the following working coin mittees, of not less than three mem bers each, viz: A committee on reg istration, an executive committee, and such other committees as to each club may seem expedient. ARTICLE II. The meetings of the club shall be frequent after the open ing of the canvass, and some member of the club or invited speaker deliver ~ an address at each meeting, if practi cable. The clubs shall meet on the fourth Saturday in April and the ~ county convention on the first Mon ~ day in May, respectively, of each elec tion year: Provided, That the Coun ty Executive Committee may name any other day within the same week for such club meeting by giving at least two weeks notice by advertise ment in county papers; And provided, further, That in case any club shall fail to reorganize on the day fixed for C reorganization, the County Executive ~ Committee may fix a day for such club I to meet for reorganization by giving e two weeks notice as provided in this article. Each county shall be entitled to as many delegates in the State Con- a vention as double the number of its 9 members in the General Assembly. I A RTICLE III. The president, or five members, shall have power to call an' extra meeting of the club, and at such V extra meeting, one-fourth of the mnem- g bers shall constitute a quorumifor the transaction of business.d A KTICLE IV. Trhe clubs in each a ounty shall be held together and ope rate under the control of a County c Executive Committee, which shall I consist of one member from each club, , to be elected by the respective clubs. t T~he Executive Committee, whent deted, shall appoint its own officersn except the chairman who shall bes lectedl by the County Convention.) who shall not necessarily be membersI f said committee, but a vacancy i n1 he membership of the committee hall be filled by the club, through the oss of whose member by death, resig ition or otherwise the vacancy oc urs: Provided, That in case the otlice It; sf hairman nf the onnty Exrcuative 10. ommitLe shall become vacant by E eath, resLgrnaticn or otherwise, the t >mmittee shall have power to fill the I acancy by electing a chairman to t !rve until the organization of the < ext regular County Convention: And I rovIded, farther, That any officer so a icebed whj is not a member of i he com mittee shall not be entitled to vote on any question except the < hairman, and then only in case of a 1 ie vote. The tenure of office of the ! xecutive committee shall be until the rst Monday in May of each election ear, at which time the County Con ention shall be called together to re rganize the party. Every presiden ial election Sear County Conventions hall be called by the County Execu ive Committee to meet on the first dlonday in May, which shall elect lelegates to a State Convention called or the purpose of electing delegates to he National Democratic Conven ion and to ekEct the member to he National Democratic Executive ommittee from this State. The tate Convention shall be called by 5he State Executive Committee to neet every presidential election year >n the third Wednesday in May, and ,very State election year, and County tnd State Cjnventions shall meet on he first Monday in May and the third Wednesday in May respectively. ARTICLE V. County Democratic ,unventions shall be composed of dele gates elected by the several local lubs, one delegate for every twenty Ive members, and one delegate for a najority fraction thereof, with the right to each County Convention to inlarge or diminish the representa ion according to circumstances. The ounty Conventions shall be called to ;etber by the chairman of the respec Aive Executive Committees under such cule, not inconsitent with the Con mtitution nor with the rules adopted )y the State Democratic Executive ,ommittee, as each county may dopt, and when assembled shall be alled to order by the Chairman of the Executive Committee, and the Con vention shall proceed to nominate and .lect from among its members a pres dent, one or more vice presidents, a ;ecretary and a treasurer. Any Coun y Convention may permit or rectg uize the formation of a new club or :lubs by a majority of its members. (n all cities with a population of 5,000, ind over there may be two clubs in mch ward; they shall be organized in 3bedience to this Constitution, as are he c'ubs elsewhere in this State, and in organizing said clubs. they shall ave representation in the County Jonventions respectively as said Con vention shall declare in accordance with the yrovisions of this Constitu ion. ARTICLE VI. For the purpose of 2ominating candidates for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and all other 3tate ceficers, including Solicitors in Zhe respective Circuits, and Congress arnn in their respective d'stricts and United States Senatfs,- and all coun ty officers, except Magistrates and iasters, and Supervisors of Registra ion, a direct primary election shall be held on the last Tuesday in August 2f each election year, and a second and third primary each two weeks successively thereafter If nEcessary: Provided, That County Executive omittee of any county shall be at liberty to order a primary election for Nagistrates and Masters, but not for embers of the County Board of Con rol of the Dispensaries nor for Coun by Dispensers. At this election only Democratic white voters who have een residents of the State twelve nonths and the county sixty days receding the next general election, mrd such negroes as voted the Demo iratic ticket in 1876, and as have oted the Democratic ticket continu usly since, to be shown by the certifi ~ate of ten white Democratic voters, who will pledge themselves to support he nominees of such elections, may rote: Provided, That no person shall >e allowed to vote except his name be nolled on the particular club list at hich he offers to vote, at least five lays before the first election, which ~lub shall have a separate polling lace for primary elections; except in ,he County of Charleston the voter's iame must be on the particular club ist at which he offers to vote at least ity (60) days before the primary ~lection; and the County Executive lommittee is authorized to designate he number of polling places in that :ounty: Provided, further, That in 3harleston County the candidates for ongress, Solicitor and county offices hall file their pledges and pay their .ssessments within the time fixed by he County Executive Committee. The club rolls of the party shall onstitute the registry list and shall e open to inspection by any member f the party, and the election under his clause shall be held and regulated inder the Act of the Gene. al Assemn 1y of this State, approved December :2, 3888, and any subsequent Acts of he Legislature of this State. The ~tate Executive Committee shall meet n the Friday after each primary, or uch other time as may be designated y the chairman to canvass the vote d declare the result as to all State ifcers, Congressmen and United tates Senators. All contests for all ominations at primary elections shall e heard first by the County Execu ye Committee of the county in which uch irregularities may have occurred, nd may be reviewed by the State1 xecutive Committee, whose action hall be final: Provided, That no vote: ball be counted for any candidate: rho does not file with the Chairman 1 f the State Executive Committe, or rith the respective Chairmen of the lounty Executive Committees, a ] ledge in writing that he will abide e result of such primary and support he nominees thereof, and that he is ot, nor will he become, the candidate f any faction, either privately or< ublicly suggested, other than the< egular D-.-nocratic nomination, and ach candidate for the United States enate and for the United States [ouse of Representatives shall file an dditional pledge that he will sup ort the political principles and olicies of the party during the arm of ottice for which he may e elected, and work in accord ith his Democratic associates in Con ress on all party questions: Provided, .rther, That no candidate shall be eclared nominated unless he receives majority of the votes cast for the dice for which he is a candidate: rovided, That the pledge of such ndidate shall be filed on or before : o'clock meridian of the day preced ig the day fixed by the County Execu e Committee or the State Execu e Committee for the first campaign meeting of the County or State re >ecti vely. ARTICLE Yll. The officers of the ate Convention shall be a president, I ce president from each Congressional a 'istrict, two secretaries and a C easurer. t ARTICLE VIII. The State Execui e CommIttee shall be composed of ~ sa mmber fmom ach county, to be s lected by the County ConventiOn on he first Monday in May of each elec ion year. When elected, said execu- Ci ive committee shall choose its own ifieers, not necessarily members hereof, prior to said elections: Prc ided, That any officer so elected who er s not a member of the comm tzee eN hall not be entitled to a vote on any tuestion, except the chairman, and Al ,hen only In case of a tie vote. The state Executive Committee shall meet A Lt the call of the chairman or any live nembers, and at such time and place Ls he or they may appoint. The L nembers of the National Democratic T Executive Committe f rom South Caro ina shall be elected by the May S1 ate W Jonvention in 1896, and every four rears thereafter, and when elected S ;hall be ex-otficio a member of the State Executive Committze. Vacan :ies on said Exezutive Comm-ttee by leath, resignation or otherwise, shall be filled by the respective County a Executive Committees. The State Executive Committee is charged with c the execution and direction of the f policy of the party in this State, sub- v ject to this Constitution. the princi- z( ples declared in the platform of prin- ] ip'es, and such instruction, by reso lution or otherwise, as a State Conven tion may from time to time adopt, not a inconsistent with this Constitution, 'I and shall continue in office for two ti years from the time of 'election or b until their successors have been elec a ted. The committee shall nominate b presidential electors, and if any vacan- s y occur in the State ticket of electors b or of the member of the National Executive Comwittee, by death, resignation or other cause, the com mittee shall have the power to fl1 1 the vacancy; all by a majority of the whole committee. ARTICLE. IX. The vote in the t r spective counties for all of the State 0 officers, Congre-smen and United , States Senator shall be transmitted c by the Chairman of the reqp:ctive , County Excutive Committees to the i Chairman of the State Executive Com mitee as early as practicable after each primary, who shall proceed to canvass the vote Lnd declare the result. ARTICLE X. When the State Co-- d vention assembles it shall be called to order by the Chairmarn of the State Executive Committee. A temporary C chairman shall be nominated and elected by the Convention, and after its organization the Convention shall u t proceed immediateIy to the election of permanent offerrs and to the tran saction of business. When the busi ness has concluded it shall adjourn sine die. t ARTICLE XI. Before the eleotion in 1902, and each election thereafter, except as herein provided, the State s Democratic Executive Committee shall appoint and arrange for two campaign meetings to be held in each county, not less than two weeks apart one of which meetings shall be ad- c dressed only by candidates for State offces, and the other only by c indi dates for United States Senator, United States House of Representa ties and Circuit S alicitors. In addi-' tion to such campaign meetings the County Chairman of the respective Congressional Districts and Judical Circuits shall, when there is more e than one candidate for either of said ofices, arrange for and appoint sepa rate campaign meetings for their I respective districts or jadielal 'cir- y cuts the time and place of such c meetings to be published in each county, at which only the candidates a for said offces shall be invited to ad- d dress the people: Provided. That in any year in which no candidate for t United States Senator is to be voted 1e for, the State Executive CommIttee may dispense with the second cam-t paign meeting it is authorized to ap- i point under this article. A RTICLE XII. It shall be the duty t of each County Executive Committee to appoint meetings in their respec tive counties to be addresied by the 1I candidats for the General Assembly 3 and for different county offices, all of I whom except Magistrates, Masters 9 and Supervisors of Registration, shall 5: be elected by primaries on the last a Tuesday in Augusta of each election t year under the same rules and regula. s: tions hereinbef ore provided. I ARTICLE XIll. Each county dele ti gation to a State Convention shall i have power to till any vacancy there- n in. I A RTICLE XIV. This Constitution d may be amended or altered at the U regular May Convention of the State U or at any convention called specifically ror that pupose, the call for which ~ hall specify the changes to be made. I ARTICLE XY. Any county failing P or refusing to organize under the pro visions of this Constitution shall Dot lave representation in the State Democratic Convention-. WILIE JONEs, g Chair. State Dem. Ex Comn.b JAxxs T. PARK,b Secretary. Killed by a Train. The North correspondent to thea tate says an unknown mulatto ne- h gro was struck by northbound freight o. 4 on the Seaboard Air Line railb may Tuesday afternoon about 3.30b 'clock and instantly killed. The lead man was about 40 years of age ~ nd is thought by a resident witness :0 be nanmed Jesse Williams, which lame, however, is faintly recalled. b] i'rom the coroner's inquest, held by dagistrate W. A. Johnson, it seems b hat the negro got off of Tuesday's a nid-day passenger train and was con iderably under the induence of whis cey. After lounging around the depot G .while he went off down the railroad nd was seated on the north end of s ~orth Edisto trestle about two miles outh of that place where he met his leath as stated. Evidently he was runk or asleep or both. * ty w: Killed a Policeman. to J. W. Brown, a member of the is harlotte, N. C., police force, was re :illed by Paul Biggers, a 16-year-old p1 hite boy Tuesday. Biggers had SC >een arrested for violating a city p' rdinance and after the hearing the I d soy passed the offcer and laughed n ir sneered at him. Brown gave chase nd laid hold of Biggers, who struck C] um in the stomach with his fist. The dicer thereupon knocked the boy of enseless with his club. A large crowd ~athered and threats against the om- ri er were made but the crowd was s :ept back and the boy taken to the se >olice station. Brown was taken ill hortly afterward as a result of the tu low struck by Biggers and died a few us tours later. Biggers was released on t 1,000 bond. * to DAViD Seely, aged 70, of Michigan, ha las married seven women-one maid ari nd six widows. He passed under a he ozen aliases and has served one sen- le: ence of four years for bigamy. His mi egular business was to marry women tri iho had property and then get pos- re esinn of the property. w HONE CIRLE COLUMN. h -ude Thoughts as They Fall rroi the Editorial Pen. T [A column dedicated to tired moth s as they join the Home Circle at ening tide.] THE WIFE. T I day, like some sweet bird, content to sing in its siull cage, she moveth to aT d fro id ever and auon will upward spring To her sweet lips, fresh irc..n the font below, ie murnur'd melody tof pleasant thou ght, Unconscious utter'd gentle-toned and low . ght household duties e'vermore inwrought With placid fancies of one trusting heart iat lives but in her smile and turns From life's cold seeming at the busy m-irt, ith tenderness, that heavenward ever yearns To be refresh'd where one pure altar burns. imt out from hence the mockery of life, 1 Thus liveth she content, the meek, fond, o trasting wife. * * t t Have the courage to cut the most N rreeable acquaintance you bave, t hen you are convinced be lacks prin- R ple; a friend should bear with a t lend's infirmities, but not with his ces. He that does a base thing in al for his friend, burns the golden iread that ties their hearts together. I * * The most trifling actions that effect man's credit are to be regarded 'e sound of your hammer at five in I ie mornirg or nine at night, heard I y a creditor, a:ze; him easy six ionths longer; bu I if Le se s you at a lliard table or hears your voice at a i iloon when you should be at work, I e sends for his money the next day. Bad company is like a nail driven ito a pcst, which after the first or tcond blow can be drawn out with ttle diffculty; bu c being once driven a up to the head, the pinchers cannot ike hold to dra-v it out, which can aly be done by the destruction of the rood. You may be ever so pure, you nnot associate with had companions rithout falling in'c bad order. From pure air we tak, diseases; from bad mpany vice and iL perfection. * * Our habits are forLod under the ioulding power of h'ome The ten i er twig ii there bent, tte ' irib aped, principles implanted, and the I rhole character is formed until it be omes a habit. Goodness or evil are ere "resilved into neczssity." Who oes not feel tL I influen :e of home pon all his habits of life? The gray aired father, who walls in his second ifancy, feels the traces of his child ood home in his desires and habits. 4* Beautiful lives have blossomed in he darkest places, as pure white lies full of fragrance on the slimy, tagnant waters. No possession is so roductive of real influence as a culti ated Intellect. Wealth, birth and f!!clal station may and do secure tt heir possessors an external, superfi ial courtesy; but they never did com 2and the reverence of the heart. It only to the man of large and noble oul, to him who blends a cultivated aind with an upiight heart, that ten yield the tribute of deep and gen ie respect. ** Parents do wrong in keeping their hildren hanging around hom3 in idle ets and sheltered and enervated by< arental indulgence. The eagle dos etter. It stirs up its nest when the1 'oung eagles are'able to fly. They are ompelled to shi f for themselves for i he old eagle literally turns them outi nd at the same time tears all the own and feathers from the nest.1 1is this rude and rough experience hat makes the king of birds so fear ss in his fight and so expert in hi ursut of prey. It is a misfortunie to e born with a silver spoon In your iuth. Riches often hang like a iilstone about' the necks of amnbi nius young people. * * * With many of us our parents have tved their alloted time of r~hree score ears and ten, but if we still have hem in the family circle how highly I re should appreciate them. Tne I now of winter comes and sheds its I rhite blessings upon the, valley and I he mountains, but soon the sweet pring comes and smiles it all away. rot so with that upon the br o of3 ttering age. There is no spring hose warmth can penetrate its eter al frost. It came to stay. Its single akes fell unnoticed, but now they are riled there. We shall see it increase ntil the summons is heard to come I p hgher. Welcome the snow, for it 1 the emblem of peace and rest. It but a temporal crown which shall C L at the gates of paradise, to be re-( Laced by a brighter and better. AFFECTIONS OF HOME. If ever household affections and ( ives are gracious things, they are 1, raceful in the poor. The ties that ad the wealthy and the proud to j nie, may be forged on earth, but i lose which link the poor man to his 1i umble hearth, are cf the true metal, d bear the stamp of heaven. The ian of high descent may love the / als and lands of his inheritance as a 2 Lrt of himself, as trophies of his ( trth and power; the poor man's at- C ichment to the tenement he holds, I hich strangers have held before, and I ay tomorrow occupy again, has a i orthier rcot, struck deep into a purer 3 li. His household gods of flesh and j ood, with no alloy of silver, gold or t ecious stones; he has no property a it in the affections of his own heart; c id when they endear bare licor and y alls, despite of tciI and scanty meals, E bat man has his love of home from s >d, and h.is rude hut becomes a S lemn place. S LESSONS IN NATURE. Men of gross character find no beau In nature. LeSage, Sinolliet and 0: riters of the present day who offer ti the world ininute pictures of what 9 coarse and impure never take their st aders nto the refreshing atmos- n: iere of field or mountain-their ci ents are laid in the tap room, the Si ison, the drawing room, or on the ci ul pavement of city streets. How ia ferent the woiks of the great and o1 be in literature, Scott, Spencer, e: iaucer, Milton Goethe, Wordsworth! fr aeir writings are full of the beauty se nature the charm of fragrant flow- ti , the inspiration of mountairs, Iti vers that move in majesty,' the pl lendor of sunsets, froests clouds and is If a man will purity hissoul let himT rn to the beauties of nature. Let teach our children to dwell upon e lovlness of the changing seasons, look "through nature up to nature's >d," and the firmament showeth His b ndiwork." The truths of religion taught by nature. The goodly a ritage of man is his that he mays 1,rn the beauty of goodness, that he y know that beauty is truth and ath is beauty. Nature teaches him m erence. The mystery of the deep- 91 lodS till his pervisities, widns his Ia )rizon, cbastens his conceit, soft eus s asperities, teacLes him modetty ,ntleness and piety. We know -That u:,ture tu-ver did betray ie Lear that laved her, 'tis her privilpre Through all thev years f this our li7e, to lead From joy to joy; fur sLe c:n eo inform ie mind that is within a:, t, irnpress With quietness rnd beiuty, and s, feed ith lofty thoughts, that n.i-her evil tongii, Rash judgemeats, nor the bneers of selfish I ien,1 Nor greetings where no kinduess is, our all be dreary inlercourse o-f daily life, Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb ur cheerful faith, that all which we behold Is full of blessings. Let us tea.h our c';ildren to be )vers of the mealows, the wcods, the iountains, of the beautiful earth udents of all her moods, knowing bat nature will be to them as to Tordswortb, the anchor of the purest ough's, the nurse, the guide, the uardian of the heart, the very soul of de moral being. NEW INEMY OF COTTON. tport of a Fungus Growth on the Weed in this State. The Columbia Record says reports ave teen re c:lved frc.m Greenville ,nd Liurens county of a sort of blight which is de troysig the cotton to a onsiderable extent. The blight ap !ars to be a s -rt of rust., attacking be young leavts and causing them in ,few days to turn brown aud die. ;ection Director Bauer wien aeked bout the new enemy said tat'it was robably a sort of fungus growth vhich is a sort of blight. There has een little so far in thii state cxcep? n the sma island districts several years go and when it was found that it was ontagious and it was killed out by etting the ground alone for a few easors. While be hed not received nough information about it to speak Iuthoritatively he did not think it ould do much damage now, that the rop. was so far alvanced. Here is Yhat the Greenville Nuwssays of It: "Cotton plants In the tields fxtend ng aleng the Augusta road, from this ity almost as far as Princeton, in .urens county. have been attacked )y somt kind of blight which resem >es rust. but which appears to be far nore pernicious and baneful in its fects, than aither rust or what Is isually known aq blight. In fact none f the plant; is, familiar with the va ious diseases to which the cotton lant in this section is heir, has the east idea what this new enemy can e. It attacks the tender leaves, and n a few days they turn brown, wilt ,nd die. The boll is not attcked and be new sc:>urge is evident'y nut the eleb ated and greatly dreaded wee ril. First, small spots appear cn the inder side of the leaf. They grow hicker rapidly, as tho'gh innumera-. )le little insects were feeding on the urface, and soon the entire leaf is )rown and dead. It is not devoured )y the insect, or whatever the ciuse f the destruction may be, but seem ather to be poisjnt d.. "Several armers were In the city Wednesday rom the affected area, and one of hem exhibited two stalks of cotton which bad b. en attacked by the past. dany of the leaves were dead and thers were becoming yellow and urown. The loss of the leaves was >eginnin~g to tell on the bolls and the plant generally which had been greatly juri d in the process of develop nent." The Times and Democrat reported ibis disease as having appeared in Or Lgeburg County several weeks ago, Land expressei an opinion that it was what is called the "wilt." THE CITADEL SCHOLAESHIP. ualIfication of the Candidates for Scholarship Passed Upon. The Columbia State says few young nen were rejected Tuesday by the oard of visitors uf the South Caroli ia MIlitary academy, which met In he otice of Gov. Heyward to pass ipon the applications of the caridi lates for the beneficary scholarships t the Institution. There are each ear a number of applicants for the cholarships and the qualifications of sch must be passed upon before they re allowed to stand the competitive amijatiors. If a boy is able to ed eate himself or be educated by his arents it is seldom that he is given a eneficiary scholarship. Tuesday Go]. C. S. Gadsden, the hairman of the board, the governor, -en. John. D. Frost, Maj. J. J. Lucas sf Sciety Bi'l and Superintendent of Dducation Martin were present. Those bsent were Messrs. E. M. Blythe of -reenville, W. W. Lewis of Yorkvlle, )rlando Sheppard of Edgefield and the ~gslatve members of the board. The examinations this year will be eld an August 26 by the county oards of education. There are 84 ap cants for 19 vacancIes as follows: Vacan- Appli cies. cajnts. ~bbville.............2 8 nderson.............1 8 lieton.............1 4 herokee.............. 1 3 arlington...........1 3 dgefield............. 1 2 [orry........... ...... 1 2 ershaw..............1I 1 ee.......... ........ 1 2 ancaster... ....... ..1 4 [arion........... .... 1 9 'rangeburg............ 2 14 ickens.............. 1 3 ichand............. .1 11 partanburg...........1 3 umter.............. ..1 4 a1uda............... 1 3 To Cotten Outlook. The State says the average condition1 cotton on July 25, as reported to ie department of agriculture, was 1.6, or 12 points higher than at the .me time last year. What is also sig ficant is that the condition of the op in Texas is 91-the same as In uth Carolina. Considering the In-. eased average, the prospect for a t rge crop is very strong. The portion t the crop first marketed will bring 1 :cellent prices-that is, excellent t om the viewpoint of two or three f asons ago when 10-cent cotton was c e farmer's highest ambition. Unless ue spinners buy sparingly and the o0uct is rushed to the market there no reason for prices to fall serious ,even with a 12,000,000 bale crop. ere will be use for all the cotton ~ ade. fl, A .bride of ten days eloped in New ork the other day with the groom's ~ St man. The husband is now suing c e best man for $25,000 damages for [enating his wife's arfections and ist ug the wife for a divorce. THE men who are guilty of the foul a urder at Eutawville should be mished to the full estent of the n TO GO TO MANASSAS. o. Herbertlsenes Orders Governing Preparation for Trip. 'Ibe Sccond reg-ment of State m-li ia will leave this State on the 2nd of eptemter lor Mariasas. The pro ,isional regiment will be commanded oy Col. D. 0. Herbert of Orangeburg nd will e nist of eight companies rom his own regiment and four from he Third regiment. Orders for the irst regiment have not yet been is ued. Col. Herbert has issued the follow ng general order governing the prep rations for the trip: "Par. I-The Second regimentof nfantry (S. C. V. T.), provisional ivill leave home stations fur the Ma, iassas, Va., encampment and manoe ivres on September 2Ld, 1904, and ;he organization will be as follows, iz: "First-The field officers and the mtire regimental staff of the Second regiment will be expected to go. "Second-The company organiza ion will be as follows, viz: Con panies A, B, C, D, E, F, G, I, K and 51 of the Second regiment, S. C. V. ., and Compini-s G and H of the rhird regiment, S. C. V. T. "Par. I1-Offic rs and . men will. wear the khaki service uniform com plete in all particulars, and they will go fully armel and equipped. Com pany commanders will see that men are fully uniftrmed, and will at onca ake steps to get any missing parts of auniforms, such as regulation chevrons, bat bALds, cros rifles, etc., which they will have to order from some uniform bouse. "Par. III-No ammunition of any kind whatever will be carried by the troops. Baggage will not be allowed to exceed the field allowance as fixed by the United States army regula tions; and cptains will at once see that all arms and accoutrements are in proper condition. Care should be taken that all men have stout, easy and comfortable shoes suitable for'. marching. "Par. IV-Company commanders will push the drilling in extendei order unt:1 all officers and men are proficient in this drill. This is of ut- " most importance and must be attend ed to at once. "Par. V-This regiment will be a portion of the second division, or the "Brown army," and the- service uni form alone will be worn while on duty. "Par. VI-The offiers of the field and staff will carry their horses with them from their home stations. "Par. VIE-Each company must carry at least 40 men besides officers, and captains will see that each man. carries a bedtick or sack. Straw will be issued at camp." Further detailed Instructions wil be issued later. RUSSIAN ASSASSINATIONS The Fearful -Death of the Eml o .Akiander.. The record of reeent assassinations in Russia is a remark..ble one. Oa17 March 13, 1881, Emcperor Alexander-L II was slan in amanner similar to that of Minister Plehve. On Apr11 16 I902, M. Sipiaginne, the predecessor of M P..dehve, was assasinated by a stiudenai named Balmasohoff. A little more than . a month ago, on June 16, Gen. Bobre. koft was illei by a Finish patriot. Emperor Alexander had escaped re peated attempts on his life, in one of which the guard room c! the Winter palace was blown up before be was finally assassinat,.d. He had attended a ceremony ia honor of a Rnselana regi ment c-n Sunday, and was returzning~to bis palace in a sleigh after luncheon. - at the home of a-relative. :A~s he was passing by the Catherine canal a nihi list threw a bomb which explodedMb. hind the vehicle and kil'ed two. Cas sacks. The emperor alighted and was speaking to the bomb thrower whena second missils exploded at his feet and& tore off both of the-legs of the emperor below the knees and injured him in other ways. Several persons were kill ed outright, and the bomb thrower was injured in a manner similar to the emperor. So many of the emperor's escort were hurt that it was sometime before aid was given to him, and then he was driven to his palace in a sleigb his injured legs being held higher than: his bead, but no further effort to - staunch the flow of blood being made. His death followed in a few hours. The. man who threw the bomb also died. Four other men and two women were conviot.ed of participation in the crime, and all save one woman were executed, she teing Imprisoned for life. Tne Emperor Alexander's asmn ination was in the same year as that of President Garfield.-New - York Tribune. *A Good Substitute. If elected to the legislature an An derson county man proposes to intro :uce a bill providing that negro and. white convicts shall not be allowed to work together. The State offers as a ~ substitute a bill prohibiting white woman and girls, who are not con victs, from working in the fields with negro men; also prohibiting white women and girls, not convicts, from :ooking for and serving meals to negro rarm laborers. Let us consider the woman who should be shielded bus who are not shielded by their men, yefore we give a thought to the sen, ~itveness of the white criminal in itripes. Taz growth of the rural mail ser iice Is remarkable. There are no 2 ~4500 carriers, on routes averaging ~4 mi'es each. These men daly raverse an aggregate of 588,000 niles. As petitions for new rou .es .re being filed at the rate of 1,000 a nonth there will probably be 50.000 if these routes when the successr r., he president elected this year .5 hosen-and each day they will- travei tore than a million miles. The sy sm is costly but we believe the money o be well spent. It brings the greit ural populace in closer touch vwi.n he world and presents opportunines or civilization and education tii . therwise would be impossible.-S.a e A Young Lady Drowned. Miss E'nma Laird, eldest daught r i John Laird, a well known contrac or of Aiken, S. C., was drowned in be surf at Sullivan's Island at Char 'st-on Sunday afternoon while at amptimg to save her younger sister. 'ne younger girl was unconscous 'hen brought ashore but was rews-a5 lated after two hours' work. M as ,aird was spending the summer ou 2e island and was very popular a 4d ighly esteemed. She was 22 years ..f ge. A prize lighter can stand up under ore hot punches than a booza fighter