University of South Carolina Libraries
STATE HOUSE WORK The Architect and Contractor Hi: Hard by the Commission. IN THEIR ELABORATE REPORT. Expert Government Constructor Pro nounces Their Work a -Par ody Upon the Science of Architecture." The report of the commission ap pointed last year to investigate tl e completion of the State capitol was gubmitted to the general assemble on Monday of last week. The repo:t contains very serious cirticis:ms of tie work done by the contractJrs. 31 Ilvain Unkefer Co.. under the supe vision of the architect, Frank P. Ml burn, and the original commissions. for accepting the work. Those meni bers of the commission who approved the final report of the contractor anc of the architect were: Gov. 310 Sweeney, M. R. Cooper, secretary of state; Representatives Gantt and W. J. Johnson, and the following from the sinking fund commission: Sena tor Mower, Representative J. Har vey Wilson, G. Duncan Bellinger, at torney general: J. P. Derham, com ptroller general; R. H. Jennings. State treasurer. The governor and the secretary of state were also mem bers of the sinking fund commission. The investigating committee's report sustains the protests made from time to time by Senator Marshall, which 1 were not heeded by the commission. and his minority report to the legis lature which brought about the inves tigation. The investigating commis sion consists of Senators Robert Al drich and R. I, Manning, Representa tives J. U. Patterson. J. M. Rawlin son and T. Y. Williams. by whom the report is signed. THE COMMITTEEs REPO' RT. After some preliminary statements the committee says the subject matter for our consideration is the work done 1 upon the State House to complete the building, and the manner of its per formance. By an Act of the General Assembly, approved 1~th February. A. D., 1900, the sum of one hun dred and seventy-five thousand dollars of the sinking fund was appropriated "to complete the State House." and a commission consisting of the Gover nor, Secretary of State. one member of the Senate and two members of the House, was designated "with the sink ing fund commission to take charge of and direct the completion of the State House, to let out all work herein au; thorized, to make all necessary con tracts, including the employment of an architect. and to see that the said work is completed according to the contract, and to do any and every act necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act: provided, that the funds be used unless a contract be entered into complete the said State House for the sum so set apart." As the last session General Assembly the said commission made its third and final annual report, bearing date 4th February, A. D., 1903, giving circumstantially all that was done under the Act. andl conclud ing with a resolution as follows: "Re solved, That it does appear to the commission for the completion of the State House that the work is satisfac tory, and that the contract has been substantially performed.'' Page 89. majority report. At the time a mi nority report was made by one member of the commission, Senator J1. Q. Mar shall, whereby the attention of the leg islature was called to many defects in the work. The matters referred to in these two reports put your committee in possec -sion of what they had to investigate. The first thing they felt called upon to do was to secure the services of a coin petent man familiar with this kind of work, skilled in his calling, and of such eminent standing in his profession as to entitle his testimony to full respect and every consideration. Thereupo 1, we corresponded with United States Senator B. R. Tillman, and solicited his aid in the matter. With his usual * promptness and efficiency, he put uis in communication witn Mr. kEllio t Woods, superintendent of the Capitol at Washington. who recommended t us Capt. S. S. Hunt, chief constructor of the United States Capitol buildings and grounds, who he recommended as a "first-class contractor, who had overI forty years' experience in the erection of large buildings." etc. Accordingly your committee employed Capt. Hunt at a salary of $15 per day, the sum1 stated by Mr. Woods to be his usual compensation, besides his traveling ex penses. He came and examined plans and specifications of Architect Mil - burn, for the completion of the State House, and the work done thereunder, and attended a meeting of the comi mittee at the State House on the 2.5th and 26th days of May, A. D., 1903, went all over the building, in com pany with your committee, and point ed out separately, and in detail the -different pieces of defective work,C all of which is described in his testi mony annexed to this report. Capt. Hunt impressed your committee as a conscientious and able man, fully alive to the requirments of the work in't hand, and fearless in performing it. Your committee feel constrained tot report generally that the minority re port of Senator J. Q. Marshall is fully sustained by the evidence taken and by the visible facts for all to see for themselves who choose to go over the I building and make even a casual exam ination of it. More specifically we find: 1. That the architect. Frank P. Mil-r * burn, employed by the commissiona under the Act for the completion of the State House, did not furnish suit-a able plans and specifications for such 8 work, notably in failing to specify in detail what the contractors were re Quired to do in many instances, but leaving the same to be decided by the i architect, thereby vesting large dis eretionary powers in himself, which could, and we are constrained to say. were exercised to the state's injury. Said plans and specitications, and the t contract under which the work wast done, are on file in the otfice of the s Secretary of State. copies of which are hereto annexed. anid a sample of what a a-e p roper plans and specitications as C used by the Governmn ent upon a like building furnished by Capt. Hunt ac-e comtpanying the report, and are filed with the clerk of t he senate.a .2. '1le contract reg a ires that all of the work was to have been done withv the old work upon the completed por tions of the building as the standard. It has not been so done, bu t a mean, h crude and cheap quality of work hash been done, marring the etfect of the fine work upon the main building: and - disappointing everyone who hoped to see the State House completed in ac cordance with its original design. 3. Prior to the commencement of this new work. the State had a great expense, in the neighborhood of8$10,000, caused to be put in the main lobby a splendid steel ceiling, which was a work of art, as well as of a durable, ~ lasting nature, highly oinaimental and a delight to the eye of ever-y observer: by the terms of the contract. this ceil: ing was to have remainec, and where ; injured in the progress of the work | was to have been repaired. The con- Ii tractors bodily took and carried awayI and converted to their own use thisi valuable and beautiful part of the old f building, and in its place put a cheap stamped metal ceiling, costing about a $500, and which is a blot upon the face - of this great building. On this item i the State has lost in the neighborhood c af $10,000 4. The plans and specifneat ions and ra he drawings call for two inner granite f r oluins on the front portico. The. ii te not there. The absence of them: isI i. xplained by the fact that in atteipt- a ng to elevate them into position th at ontractors broke one of t hem into two w >ieces, and rather than put the con- pi ractors to the expense of replacing II :he broken column. they were gener usly excused from putting them in tr t all, they paying the State $600, leav- hn ng them S3.400 protit on that transac- de :ion. The ottice these columns were of o perform was an important one. i amely, to support the front pediment ti )f the portico: nd a bond and tie to h he main building, in other words to c :arry a large lintel stone securing the sortico to the main building, and thus ti reventing it from falling away, which tI t has a tendency to do. The esti- m nated loss to the building in all re- of ;pects on account of the absence of h; :hese columns and the accompanying al darts they were to support is $4.500. , There are two massive square piers' r nder the portico. They were de- sl signed to support these missing col- I imns. and now perform no duty at all. se 3ni page 61 of the report of the coin- I palssion is a letter from Architect Mil-! burn on this subject. in which he says: ai We can take these out without in y, my way marring the appearance from im the exterior and without in any way ir interfering with the strength of the ! w tructure." Capt. Ii nut was asked b; i Senator Manning his opinion on thi w point, and answered as follows: .. p :orsider that an insult to the inteli ence of your committee.- Explain- d rg. he said: --The practical effect of leaving out those cohinlls is to weak- of n the structure. The stone lintel 1 ri: nd brick work on top of these columns et vas intended to bond into the brick lit wall of the pediment and make a solid m(d rigid piece of work. It is imipor tl :ant that this should have been done. sa or the pediment cornice naturally t ives it a tendency to pull off or away rom the building, and the bond of :his work over the capitals is what is i ways carried out to counteract the a ,endency to pull away from the build- a ng. He overcame this by butting the 01 >ediment to the main building with ti ron rods in the form of what we term m >ckles." To the question, "*Do you gy egard that as sufficienty" he replied: Cc -Well, if the bracing and anchoring of these rods has been done as carelessly t is a great portion of the co:lstruction broughout this building. I certainly ;hould question its safety." 5. The beautiful leafwork upon the e apitals of the old columns will stand w or all time as a monument to the stol bi rnd taste of the artist who carved them: that upon the new columns, furnished by these contractors. re- tl uired to be and designed to be mod ed after them, are coarse. unsightly se and unfit to stand beside the old ones. 6. The columns at the rear of the ti portico. joining the main buildng, should have to correspond with tlhe front columns, lintel stones extend- t ing from one to another. They have i none. and to till up t he space bet ween he capitals and the ceiling they have )ut in tin or sheet iron boxes. painted :o resemble granite: while all the bal ince of the work was treating the bf state with injustice, this can only be cl :onstructed in the light of ridicule :oupled with contempt. Too much re- t nains to be reported to dwell longer ipon this portico. The defective glass m ooring. the cheap, shoddy stamped st iron ceiling, the way the flooringleaks in rainy weather, together with muca alse, shows for itself and accords fit- I tingly with the balance of the botch work palmed off on the State. t . Entering the building from the C( portico in bad weather, we find thata the roof leaks badly, tiooding the lobby ~ after protracted rains. Ascending the f roof, as we did, we discovered the a cause of this to be a roof of little or no g: value. It is a tar and gravel root, si which at all times is an undesirable Y ne and wholly inapplicable to as steep ir roof as the one on the State House. "~ The plans and specifications require ~ the gravel to be from three-sixteenths n to one-half inch in size. The gravel put on, or we should say, the stones, to great extent are as big as a pigeon gg and larger, up to the size of a sI man's hand. in consequence of which fe they fail to hold the tar in place, and E the hot suns of two summers have se melted it and it has to a great extent C run down into the valleys and gutters. A fne slate roof, uought by the State tC t a heavy expense, and which at~ord- 1l id a perfect protection for years, was rc aken off and appropriated by the (c ~ontractors. The evidence is that it cc .vill cost about $6,000 to put this roof mr n moderately safe condition. The in ~peciications call for 4x30 ventilators ft o carry off the hot air from between bi ;he ceiling and the roof, to keep the ir in motion and pure. Th~ley are not ft ;here, and it will cost about $->0 apiece tI oput them in. ti 8. The dome is the crowning piece of 01 ;his work, in more senses than one. P Laken all in all it is simply infamous. d* Lo start with, an uglier and more un- ni ~ightly cation could not be devised, c( ven if it had been properly construct- ci d, but our observation, and the testi- fC noaiy of Capt Hunt, shows thr~ it is be 'hing short of a miserable fr-eud. fc :Ie says: "It is done in a very crude al md unworkmanlike manner. There ac vag no effort made to connect the 2c ornice of the flat ceiling with the cl. ornice of the dome. There is not ur uticient framing to keep the galvaniz- G d iron in proper shape. The work is N ull of kinks and crimps, with nothing to o keep it up. I find the work roughly re tone, with but a few uprights in posi ion, and some of these four or tive feet ch ,part, with but a single thickness 01 se' hin galvanized material between the wa earings. This is not sutlicient to th: mold this work or to keep it in its pro- sa >er shape. This could only have been to tone by putting a circle iron frame, so be s to conform with the circle of the re; vork and the galvanized iron work iveted to the skeleton frame of iron, it ,nd should have been made to conform tit vith the circular parts on the inside, vc id put close enough to prevent the bu alvanized iron from crimping. The if miner dome is not securely supported. cr )ne of the braces is bent. The horizon- fa< al lattice brace at the top of the to ome. called for by the specifications, a left out. This has a tendency to ed weaken the structure. They are in-I a< ended to keep the thing in a vertical, sh: tpright position. There is only one w iracket there. and probably two- th: hirds of the circle out of t hat . There St hould be two more of these iron tr; rackets. The glasses and inner work IH re not properly in shape, very crudely one, it is secure. btmt roughly put on. w 'hose little galvanized iron strips are pc rude, cheap work. st "The outer door has not been butilt ml ecording to plans and specilications. wi The plans and specifications say all s work must be done in a ti rst-class work- st nan-like manner. In that respect it is w tot properly doiie. Some of the stones 0ou .re too short. All of thbe middle stones ba n the sill course of the tower are too th~ ort. This defect has been overcome or cy the eontractor by tilliag in cement, tri nortar to increase ~the length of the su tones so as to make it possible for him di o use them. This character of work. ei n the coirse of time. will be affected co nore or less by the weat her and will be ecome, by the cracking of the joints, instable. Nowv, the water-table stone re<i ourse at the base of the tower: thle th pints and stone work are cracked and an Iready cause leakage. The window ex rames are poorly made and do not. lit ta. he openings for which they are made. n a great many places you canl see co ntirely through the outer domie to th he inier dome. where there is noth- th ig to stop the water from hbeingm tiven through and cause leakage. It do till become necessary, or it is now pa eessary, I should say, that tis 'u pork should be entirely gone over andR 11 joints exposed to the weathler, or St 11 surfaces, should be corked with ad. The top moulded course! I f i orni.e ii th old work hns an co ised joint in the stone to protect it t :un leakage. This does not apper the new work of the samecharacter. r two places the stone fronting the r .se of the balustrade is too shallow r id is built up three inches and a half ith thin slabs of stone to give it the t oper height." See testimony of Capt I unt. pages 16, 17 and 18. f 9. "The drawings call for a wood t uss under the portico roof. This t is not been put in place and is a c teriment to the strength of this part c the roof. It should have been put so as to give connction for the other i mbers. to which the ceiling could t iv; heen tinally nailed " Testimony c ipt Hunt. page 19. The bot Ton members of the archi- t ave is the stone lintel course over f ie capitals and should have been oulded inside as well as now shown the outside. This stone should ive been carried around the entire ea of t he portico ceiling: this is re ired in all classes of achitecture, *"ard less of the requirements of the ccial orders. These stones should ive been solid and not built up in etions, as shown by the drawings. estimonv Capt Hunt, page 19. lo. Between the wall of the building id the eaves of the roof there is a Leant space of something over nine ches. and but for a sheet of galvaniz on 1-3 of an inch in thincknessthere )uld be nothing at all between the tenor of the building and the "wide ide world.' Testimony Capt Hunt, Lge 20. 11. We call attention to a serious feet in the rear portico, between two the columns, which support it. One the large lintel stones, which car- 1 s its portion of the gable, is crack 1, apparently entirely through and is <ely at ".ny time to give away. t The contractcrs appropriated to r leir own use and actuadly sold thou uds of doliars' nurth of the old ma rial upon the State House grounds, id which came out of the building. id seek to justify their acts by a ovision in the specifications which lows them to "use" ceC Lain portions I the old material. The contract re- c ires the contractors to ' provide all c ie materials and perform all the work entioned in the spicfications and town in the drawings," etc. In this >nnection they were allowed to use ill old material that is now on the 1 -ounds, and such parts of the present of that conforms to these plans and I >ecitications," with certain named 1 ceptions. and to make plain what 1 as intended the said provision reads: 1 This only covers the granite columns, illusters, old iron bracing, granite, c. in the roof that is suitable and e proper size as called for." Does iat mean "suitable and propersizo "is idled for." for them tocarry oft aix] 11. or does it mean "suitable and pro- I r size as called for," by the specitica ons. to go into the building? We i ibmit that it is too plain for discus on. that the latter is the construe on to be placed upon it and that in rrying away and disposing of this lnable property of the State they ere naked trespassers. The glass floor to the porticos, in the inion of the expert should not have 1 ,en put in. The architect had the I ioice of other old and reliable styles id passed them over to make an ex riment with this untried kind of )oring and as in all other depart ents of the work with disastrous re Alts. The water closets installed under ath this port ico leaked so badly they d to be removed to another part of ie building. At first this was requir ito be done at the expense of thle< 'chitect. Afterwards the commis-1 on allowed him $300. out of the State mds as a contribution towards it. nd the lower pass away from the ound-i to the entrance to the lower ory of the State House is covered ith water after every rain. The fill g between the rows of glass is break gup already, and a change of; this oring is a matter of immediate1 ~cessity. The water closets, like everything se, are defective, and will cost the .ate more money to put them in ape and suitable condition. We re r to the testimony of Mr. A. W. dens, civil engineer and inspector of wers and plumbing~ for the city of )lumbia, which exprlains this. 1 The contract required the contrac >rs to protect the interior of the build g from rain, while removing the old of, by the use of tarpaulin or canvas vering. This was not done, and in nsequenze all of the galleries and 1 any of the rooms were flooded dur- I g this period, and the painting and escoing on the walls of the two chamn rs were permanently ruined. These contractors were required to rnish a good and sutficient bond for re faithful performance of the con act, and did give a bond in the sum $50.000, of the City Trust, Safe De- 2 >sit and' Surety Company, of Phila-] tlphia, to Governor M. B. McSwee- ] y, chairman of the commission ont mpletion of the State House, to se- ( ire and guarantee the faithful per- ~ rmance of the contract: said bor-d ars date 21st August, 1900. The rm and execution of the bond was proved by the Attorney General and ;cepted by the commission. On the .of June, 1902, Governor McSweeney, tairman 'of the commission, acting a ider the oral advice of the Attorney ft neral (as testified to oy D. H. e eans, secretary,) caused satisfaction ~ be entered upon that bond and sur nered it to the obligors. This surrender and attempted dis arge of this bond, the State's only ~ urity for the vast losses sustained, a is not the act of the commission, as I e Governor alone, advised as it is u id, by the Attorney General, under- g ok to perform this act, and it may t that the State may yet be able to t ilize upon said security. Your committee do not consider that comes within the scope of their du- . s to determine questions of law in- 9 Ived in the matters embraced herein. r t would regard it remarkable indeed V there is not some remedy, civil or c minal. or both, to bring these male- v :tors to justice and to some extent ~ redress the wrongs of the State. ~ We feel that what we have report and~ the testimony taken, reveals lark picture. it is true, but nothing ~ ort of an actual inspection of the 0 >rk can convey an adequate idea of d e monstrc'ns swindle of which the el ate .s the victim, appropriately por- t iyedl in the closinig words of Capt. g tmnt's testimony: The introduction of stamped metal rk in the ceilings of these massive rticos; the utter disregard for the t rength of the structure by the re-t :val of the two innercolumns which re to carry the bond lintels for uning the pediments of the main cuctures: the untin ished manner in ich the tin gutters were left with t the absolutely necessary brick I cking-leaving the vertical sides of d e gutters. wvhich are twenty inches t more in height, of one thicknessof n i entirely unprotected from the pres- b re of water in the time of even an or- vi arv fall of rain-this, with natural v terioration of sheet tin, makes it in rceivable why this work should have b n left in its presert condition. Jnless something is done at once tot :tify this blunder, the interior of H e bailding is liable to be flooded at S v time, either from corrosion or the a pansion and contraction of the me- t1 ti This together with the rough and nbuistible nature of the main roofsa ecrude and unfinished character ofa metal ceilings of the lobby, theb >nlStrous manner in which the inner h mc was tirished, made this work a d rody upon the science of architec- c re and an insult to the fame of John Niernsee and a disgrace to the ite of South Carolina." p RECoMMENDATIONs. 1 Fhe resolution under which this 8 o report the facts ascertained by our avestigations, and also such recom iendations in regard thereto as we say deem advisable. According, we ecommend: 1. That appropriate legal steps be aken to recover, if possible, from 'rank P. Milburn and McIlvain Unke r Company as much as possible of he damagt s the State has suffered hrough their misconduct and breach f contract, and such other legal re ress as may seem to be advisable. 2. That the most g'aring and damag ag defects in the work be repaired nder the authority of the Legislature ntil such time as the finances of the tate will admit of the whole work eing done over in a manner to con arm to the original design. Respectiully submitted, ( Robert Aldrich, Richard I. Manning, On the part of the Senate. J, O. Patterson, J. M. Rawlinson, T. Y. Williams, On the part of the House. FIFTEEN CENT COTTON. What a Spartanburg County Mill Man Says About It. The Spartanburg Journal says: In ! iscussing the cotton question Satur !ay a prominent manufacturer said, 'fifteen cents cotton is not a menace 1 o cotton mills. There are many peo- 1 ile who hold opposite views but to 1 ave my life I cannot coincide with 1 hem. In times past cotton has been 1 anufactured protitably at 15 cents. [he principal question involved is he advanced price of the goods. Fif een cents cotton is not hurtful, but ride fluctuations in its value is more turtful than a mere uniform price, ] hough that price should be 15 cents. I "A few wealthy men constitute hemselves as 'bulls' of the cotton 1 market, can vary quickly the price if cotton, and from .his the hurt I omes to the mill; but we cannot so uickly vary the price of the manu actured product. Where we have to onsider the connections of distribu-I ors, such as garment makers, tent nakers, and other conertors, and they n turn have to deal with the distrib ting trade who have to reckon with ,he mills when the ad vance is made to he consumer, and they brought to 'ealize a new condition and a new evel of prices, the mill is not hurt if he level of prices is maintained with ny degree of regularity." "What effect will 15 cent cotton lave upon the farmers generally?" "Well, 15 cents a pound is not too nuch for a farmer to receive for the >roduct of his labor, and at 15 cents s earnings cannot be equivalent to ,at of a fair mechanic. To illustrate that I mean: If a farmer with one nule should produce eight bales of otton and should sell it at 15 cents ghat would be approximately $600 for its crop; and if he made eight bales if cotton the average farmer would got make anything else, as it would onsume his whole time to produce end gather this only amount to about 12 a day for his labor, while an ordi iary mechanic can get from $1.50 to 12 a day, and a skilled one can get rom $3 to 85 per day for his labor nd why should not the farmer re elve about the same amaount for his ork? "For these reasons I favor 15 cent otton. I know many business men >f my experience to not agree with ne on this idea but at the same time :can see no reason why a level of 15 ents cotton should not be maintained. "What of the future price of cot on?" In my judgment we are at the limit f production. Based upon labor con ition", I think labor cannot be pro ured in the South to make more otton than we are now producing,1 amely, a minimum of 10,000,000, or maximum of 12,000,000, varying vith weather conditions. This labor problem is what con-1 ronrts the cotton growers of thei outh. Farm hands cannot be paid .s things exist today, more than $121 >er month, out of which he must >ard himself and family, while at ublic works and private industries uch as railroads, mining, etc., they et from $1 to $2 a day. This dis repancy is fast taking the .hands romn the farms, and without an ad-4 ance in price of cotton that will en ble the farmer to pay more for labor. do not see how it can be offset. n this connection I will state that he cotton lands of the South are4 egenerating and will riot produce to ay what they would five years ago; eing planted and replanted in cotton ntil they are exhausted." Would be Interesting. 1 We presume there will never be an 1 ge when the dead beat will not ourish at the expense of others. And1 specially is this the case with those rho make a practice of "beating" beir doctor bills. If the practice of iedicine happened to be an exact ience, a boycott of the doctors gainst the dead beats would result an interesting experiment. Unfort nately the dead beat cannot be sin led out for punishmena. Be usually as a family and in punishing him be medical profession might punish 1 rom two to ten others who are unde arving of punishment. But the chiefC terest would be in a practical test the case of the beats. If theyC rere blacklisted and denied all medi- I al attendance, mortality statisticians I rould prick tap their ears and begint > take notes. in due time we should 1 ave comparative tables showing the I ortality of the human race under ! edical attendance and the mortality 1 that portion of the race which ist enied attendance. The experiment I 'ould give the world a fair test of s ae ecacy of medical attendance in I eneral, taking the skilled and the t nskilled practitioners as they occur. C ~eally, it is a great pity that some- I aing of this sort cannot be done, with 1 2e consent of all parties concerned. r Shot and Killed. A dispatch from Union to the Spar- ~ Lnburg Journal says Will Eubanks, a ung white man about 24 years old ~ ed at Carlisle Tuesday morning, as C a result of being shot on Saturday ight at a negro frolic near Herberts r y Silas Lyles, a negro. The bullet, ~ hich was fired from a 32-calibre re- C lver, entered Eubank's stomach and ssing through his body come out at is back. Eubanks was employed by I ae Phenix Bridge Co., which is build- n ig the new long steel bridge for the b uthern Railway across Broad river t Shelton. The negro Lyles claims fi it he, with some other men, were t ring their pistols when Eubanks pas- a id, and that he was struck accident- 1i .ly, at it is reported that the two a Id had a diffculty some time ago and 11 Id not been friendly since. Lyles lh .d not attempt to get away and was b >mmitted to jail. TERE is little doubt but that the a Irels-post law would pass Congress 0 Platt, the preddent of the United fri aites Express Company, was not a Iii nantnrj IT WILL PASS. ,he Clemson College Scholarships Bill A in the Senate. T MEETS WITH GREAT FAVGR, a: i C Lnd Passes Its Second Reading With- ec out Very Much Opposition and al ci With But a Few Slight h' Amendments. hi al Col. D. 0. Herbert's House bill to s] reate beneticiary scholarships in ti lemson College was taken up in the Si enate on Wednesday morning. The tl ,ill produced a debate to some length s( .nd earnestness. Senator Raysor had g, n amendment passed substituting y or the 15 years of age limit a clause si eaving it to the usual discretion of e he authorities. He also submitted ti n amendment making the examina ion average 60 instead of 50 per cent. G Chis was passed. The question of a lebate was hinging on the clause e 'and preference shall be given those 0 roung men who desire to take the ag- p Bicultural and mechanical course." d Senator Raysor wished to strike out R he words "and mechanical," main- ci .aing his position by the statement tl hat Clemson was essentially an insti- H ,ution for the farmers, founded in b heir behalf, and supported by the in ome tax. It was instigated at a y armer's convention in Columbia in t] .886, its name is Clemson. Agricultu- q -al college. Senator Raysor said that when the >rivilege tax was given Clemson the )romise was made that it would be d Ln agricultural college, but now while t he work of general education is car- b led on well, not enough attention Is e >aid to the branch for which the i chool was founded. Not 10 per cent. >f the students took this course last i rear. The trustees admitted that ti ihere would be no use for the bill if it was not limited to agricultural stu- al lents. The engineering, textile and a lectrical departments are crowded 01 low, Clemson's income is between e4 3160,000 and $140,000 and of this S um $102,000 was paid by the privi- S ege tax-paid by the farmers. Thus a ;his class of students should be given sE reference in the scholarships. South V )arolina needs skilled agriculturalists. p Senator J. W. Ragsdale was an op- f, monent of this amendment. He tl wished to strike out the entire clause B iuoted above, as it means a restric- S ;ion. It is a bribe for boys to take he agricultral course. The course ei s now a fine one and well equipped, y 'et it is not popular. If a boy wants d ,o go into a broader field than the r 'arm he should not be refused. As to f] he privilege tax support, in states G where there is no tax fertilizer costs sl ust as much. He wanted to see no tl estrictions on the scholarships, of d which he was heartily in favor. Senator McLeod was in tbe same osition on the bill as Senator a Raysor. He saw nothing bad in it nd he did see in the amendment the ~xpression of the growing sentiment n South Carolina for expert agricul- F urists. "Undeveloped agriculture a 2eeds brains mixed with work," said q sentor McLeod. Technical knowledge ti s necessary to succceess if the indi- g idual wishes to rise above other far- e ners In this work. Though only b tbOut 50 per cent. of Clemson's stu lents are farmer's scas, yet the farmer n supports the school and should reap ts jfirst benefits. Senator Hardin, e ike Senator Ragsdale, wish-ed to a trike out the clause as he thought It L restriction. 1 Senator Mayfield said that in the b ast Clemson, though founded for the tudy of agriculture, had not fulfilled ~his end .as in the other departmentse ut that now the trustees recognizeid ~his and It was to this end that theg >i11 was introduced. He did not knowt f a State that had no fertilizer tax. If s here was no tax fertilizers would bet ower but if there were no inspection " he farmers would be flooded with an nferlor staple. He wanted Senator n Raysor's amendment to prevali. Sen- C tor Ragsdale had not long begun inb eply, when the debate was interrupt- 0 d by papers from the house. Later s' t was postponed until the evening a ession.a At the evening session Senator Ray ors motion to strike out "and me- 0 hanical" in the Clemson beneficiary b cholarship bill, was renewed after a notion to postpone consideration and Smotion to table the amendment had oth been defeated. The amendment as adopted. Senator Johnson wishedd o amend the bill so as to Include tex- ti Ile students, but this was tabled. enator Hardin moved to strike out ~ he entire clause, his motion being u upported by Senators J. W. Rags- ' lae, Peurifoy and Johnson, but his ~ notion was tabled by a vote of 20 to L The bill was sent to a third read- 0 ng' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ G Doing a Great Work. e The Savannah News says: "Discus- ? ion in the South Carolina legislature ~ day or two ago brought out the fact n hat less than 10 per cent of the ~ tudents at Clemson college take the 0' ourse of agriculture. This college : ras established as an agricultural -di llege. To teach boys how to become armers was the prime purpose. Has ' failed of its mission? The ques- e ion was asked on the floor of the ~ gisiature. While Clemson has not a: cad many students who took the a: gricultural course it has done muchh educating young men along indus- 5S rial lines and its mission has not een a failure." This is true, Clem on is doing a great wvork for young ai en. While it may educate many of'T hem away from the farm, as is often m harged, it fits them for high and ra tonorable positions in other walks of 3 ife. Farmer's sons have just as much hi ight to leave the farm and accept sii hes places as other boys. If they , ave the capacity to lit themselves A r responsible positions away from St he farm they should not be denied y be privilege of doing so simply be~u use they had been raised on a farm. st outh Carolina should be proud of the cord her sons, who were trained at lemson, are making in all the walks life in other States. hc Jews With Japan. T< A dispatch from New York says: eli [undreds of persons, among them TI iany retired otticers and many Jews, El ave offered to volunteer to serve with tii be Japanese army. The consular of- es clals of Japan have informed them aat Japan had no volunteer army nd did not allow foreigners to serve 1the regular army. Red Cross funds le ill be collected in this country and th Is believed cortributions will be as irge, especially from Jews, whose ti atred of Rusisia is pronounced. be pl1 SENATOR Morgan is bound to get in fter poor little Panama in some way other. He has now introduced a ~solution in Congress calling for an fo: ivestigaton of the health conditions w( the Isthmus. tr WANTED TO ROB A BAN. A1 Brave Attack Upon Bank Robbers by St. George's Boy.. As the half-past six o'clock train a rived at St. George on Monday even- er g of last week from Charleston h2 pt Blackard, the conductor, inform- m I Mr. W. B. Raysor, the Southern's tu rent at St. Georges, that four suspi- si ous looking characters had gotten off s train at Byrds, a co-incident which tl deemed rather strange and which oused his suspicion against the rangers as being burglars. And when Si is train arrived at Badham, a flag h ation two miles above St. Georges, A ie conductor's attention was against in >mewhat stirred to suspicion by the b tting off of two men of the same rpe and suspicious as those who had ti upped at Byrds. The following ac- si >unt of what followed we clip from ie Dorchester Eagle: Upon arriving at Branchville, Mr. eo. F. Lewis. agent at that place fr id resident of Saint George, was in- be irmed of the proceedings, and he at q ice telephoned down here to put the lople on their guard. A telegraphic t ispatch was also received by Mr. D aysor, and to a small portion of the a tizens here the alarm was given, but H ie wonder is why more of us did not ci ad out about the anticipated trouble i Mfore the thing was all over. st It seems that the facts were kept a cret in order to be more accurate in ue trapping of the bandits. Conse hi gently, nothing was done more than vi frighten away the robbers by a few ft our brave young men, Messrs Peter Stokes and J. O. Reed, Jr., having di me most of the shooting. These vo young fellows were accompanied s< v Chief of Police Minus and a color I man, but at the time of the trouble iese latter two were in a different rt of town, towards the depot, hav ig seperated in order to be more ac 13 ve in the detection of their victims. At half past one o'clock or there out, a shrill and peculiar sound like whistle was heard, made by some 2e in the street coming up in the dir- b tion of the Bank and from east Main reet. Soon after this signals, Messrs B tokes and Reed, who were sitting on R box about the shop of Mr. D. G. Ut- T y, noticed four apparently neat and C ell-dressed men, satchel in hand, C ass, coming from opposite direction o -om those who had given the signal, m eir purpose being to meet at the t( ank. Upon their dsscovery, Mr. R tokes called out to halt! Instead of B eying the command, the men turn I and in an instant opened fire upon m ese two young men. who were evi- a ently surprised and who immediately s >turned the salute with buckshot ,om double barrel shot guns. Of urse there was soma wild and scarey G ooting done, for being disturbed in eir journey the robbers were evi ently as fully surpresed as tnese two Dung men were. At any rate, the w.ale town was 1E wakened by the ter:.61e fusilade G 'hich took place, howeve: it was not a alized, only by the few who were iformed of the looked for 'urouble, e; it what it all meant. Indeed 's was. tiroe of excitement for those ac uainted with the situation. Nor did ose boys for a moment realize thea rave danger in which they had plac l their lives-and they were acting ~ idefence of the sleeping little town Slant George in the dead hours of igt-for which they deserve much al raise and art to be congratulated up a not being hurt. It is a fact that t te first fire of the shot guns, one Sthe robbers fell to the ground, but icould not be ascertained whether urt or not. The few men in charge of the man vers were urgently advised that at ast a dozen men should be placed on t1 ard to watch for the robbers, but ti 2ey thought differently and the re- a lts was as above stated. Of course C ese burglars knew not how many iI ere after~themn, consequently they n 'ere soon very much disorganized and e: aking tracks in various directions. n ne of the gang ran by the writer's s] me and made his escape in short tl der across a cotton field. The others ti attered and lost no time in leaving b >wn-althought that class of men tl re not given to running. In our opin-] a~ n it was a severe suprise to parties E 2 both sides, for if that gang of rob. ci ars had been on their guard some ser. a us damage would have been done. t1 hat ic their profession. It is very much regretted that the at scals were not captured, and we b are say that if the town is so for- i mate the next time as to be warned ol fore hand, that more preparation se ill be made. Some folks seemed b tterly surprised that the plans to al pture the robbers were not more t( >mplete, and here is where they are a rong. Such things don't happen 8a ten in this community-and per- p sps never in a small town like Saint al eorge, and the danger was insuf~ci- ai itly realized before hand. Hlow p: isy it would have been to capture ce there had been any certainty con- ft cted to the matter. And 0, how eC Lsy it is now that the trouble is all p er, for men to make suggestions and onder who thus and so had not been w >ne. 01 We wish to state that these few p1 en who sat and guarded the prop-d -ty and safety of the town, are ol orthy of the praise of every body Id 2d we regret very much that some o e inclined that nothing of the kind co lpdened. It is a serious matter-too 'h rious to be laughed at. I so Caught at Last. t Henry Williams, colored, who was to rested at North Fork, W. Va., pr uesday on suspicion of having coin- co itted a murderous assault and out- c11 ge on Mrs. Geo. L. Shields and her pr year-old daughter in their home 6 re on Jan. 30, made a full confes- p1; n of Ghe crime to Wllliam G. Bald- re in, president of the Railway Special sta ents association cf the United ac ,ates and Canada, in the Bluefld, at .Va., jail Friday. Williams gave dt two watches and some clothing wi len from the Shields home. at ur Liquor in Light Bulb.. th St. Louis and Kansas City liquor ra uses are now shipping whiskey Into ar peka in novel original packages, 't ~ctric light bulbs filled with liquor. mese are being sold by jomtists. Lch bulb holds a big drink. "Emp- ini ~s" are retuned and filled bulbs are M changed for 15 cents. tb th What Can Be Done. co "Some people will be surprised to TI tn," says The Boston Globe, "that th e people of the United States spenid Or much money for patent medicine as lic ey dofor bread." Some people will ou surprised, perhaps, but not the peo- kn who realize the power of advertis- po 111 PENNsYLvANLA school teachers are bidden to hug the big girls, Hlow to tld you like to teach school in that ~ratefu state? WANTS A HEARING. torney General Bollinger Appeals F to the Legislature. Gen. G. Duncau Bellinger, who was member of the commission that is t iticised by the legislative committee a s prepared a card in which he de- v ands a hearing for himself and 1 t other members of the commis- 1 ,n. His card reads as follows: I was astonished to see in the press 0 at a report by the joint committee s consider the several reports of the C mmission on the completion of the a ate House and facts relating thereto f id been submitted to the General 5 ssembly, as the report unmistakably pugns the character of the mem- $ rs of the State House commission, b thorized and directed "to complete s e State House," of which commis- i on I was a member, for, from the re )rt, it is obvious that no member of mat commission testified before the immittee, and I beg to submit that om my own experience that no mem ir was even allowed a hearing. I re ested and demanded of Mr. J. O. atterson, a member, of the commit e, that I, as a member of the State r ouse commission, should be heard a id requested that humble privilege. I e informed me that he had seen the airman, the Hon. Robert Aldrich. reference to the matter and that a ch a privilege would be granted. I I Lve been continuously in the city of )lumbia or the town of Barnwell, the >me of these gentlemen since this in- e ,stigation began. My request was re- s sed. I was allowed no showing. I formed Mr. Pitterson that if I was < ,nied a hearing that I would appeal the General Assembly. I now do I now ask that all parties con- e rned be allowed a showing. Other a embers asked the same privilege. It as denied.- We now appeal to the I se of justice of the General Assemb- < and to the public at large for a towing, a hearing that has never I en denied to the humblest repre- b ntative of the Anglo-Saxon race. rithout a hearing an attempt has 8 yen made to cast a stigma upon the Lmes and reputation of Governor M. .McSweeney, Secretary of State M. Cooper, State Treasurers W. H. immerman and R. H. Jennings, )mptroller General J. P. Denham, t iairman of the Finance Committee the Senate George S. Mower, Chair an of the Ways and Means Commit e of the House J. Harvey Wilson, f epresentatives W. J. Johnson and e . J. Gantt and myself. It is incon ivable, unfair and inhuman that ch a report should be made without hearing, for, as a citizen of a State iat I have attempted faithfully to Q r--, I have always believed and now lieve that the noblest feature of our overnment is "A law which hears fore it condemns, which proceeds pon inquiry and renders judgement 2ly after trial." My appeal is to ie General Assembly for this privi ge. As I am not a member of the eneral Assembly, and this is the only venue that I have to appeal to them r a hearing. I hold no public offie cept that of a member of the board trustees of Clemson College, to hich I was elected by the General ssembly, without a dissenting voice, ad as a citizen and member of the [ate House commission I ask a full, ir hearing-a privilege to give an -cunt of my stewardsip In this mat r. Truly this Is not an nnreason >1e request! G. Duncan Bellinger.4 KEEP THE ACEEAGE DOWJ. bat Is the Advice Given Our Cotton Farmers by an Expert. Mr. Alfred B. Shepperson, one of ie most careful and competent sta sticans In the country, has written very Interesting review of "The tton Situation From a Solely Dis terested Standpoint, "for the last amber of the Baltimore Manufactur s' Record. He believes that the re arkable advance in cotton due to culation in cotton futures, and at there is no truth In the conten on that this years cotton crop will Sabout one million bales less than ie last crop, and Inadequate for the tual -requirements of the spinners. e believes that the present commer al crop will equal 10,700,000 bales, reraging 484 pounds net, or about ie size of the last crop. He believes further that upon the ~reage of last season It would have ~en posble for a crop of twelve mil n bales to have been made. In his inon, there is no deterioration of ed or o'f soil in a general way and a utters the warning that alluring tbe presnet price of cotton must be the Southern farmers, it may prove treacherous as the sands of the sea ore. The icentive Is'very great to ant in the spring an Immense acre ein cotton at the expenses of food Id forage crops. The result might1 ove unfortunate should cotton de ne sharply under the prospects of a< ill crop, and the farmer be compell to pay high prices for grain and ovisons. The News and Courier thinks the aning given by Mr. Shepperson ight to be heeded by the cotton anters of the South. Only a few Lys ago one of the leading newspapers1 the South, carried away by the ea that 12 or 14 cents cotton had me to stay, urged the farmers to In ease the acreage this year. It is( Iped that the planters will not fol w such wild counsel. Mr. Shepper n, as Secretary of the Committee of e United States Senate, appointed examine Into the matter of cotton oduction and manufacture In this ( untry and abroad, reached the con- t ison thit the average cost of cotton r oduction in the South was about 5 [-2 cents per pound. Surely the a inters have not forgotten their very ent experience in producing the s ple at less than actual cost. If the reage shall be increased this year d an enormous crop should be pro- t ced, all the Ingenuity of the bulls a 11 not be able to sustain the mnarket the present largely speculative fig- t es. The right thing and the safe ing for cotton planters to do is to e ise their own bread and meat first, d then to grow as much cotton as ey can as a money crop. AT a meeting last week at Wash gton of Republican editors E. H. >rris, of Mockville, N. C., declared at to vote the Republican ticket In e South meant ostracism and boy t for white and colored voters. a ls statement Is not true as regards C is State. We have right here in ~ angeburg white and colored Repub- t ans who vote as they please with-v being ostracised or boycotted. We ow the same can be said of other d rtions of South Carolina. :ely to accrue, $20,000. e Equestrain statue to Gen. Hamp 2, $20,000. t Repairs on Chicamnaugo monument, 500. 1 APPROPRIATION BILL or the Current Year Sent to the Senate Friday. The appropriation bill was given bird reading in the house Friday nd was sent to the senate. There rere no amendments on third read 2g. The bill provides for the follow ig items: Governor's Offie-Salary of gover or, $3,000; private secretary, $1,350; tenographer, $500; messenger, $403; ontingent fund, $5,000; stationery nd stamps, $350; civil contingent und for special terms of court, $2, 00. Once of Secretary of State-Mlary, 1,900; chief clerk, $1,350; extra clerk ire, $1,200; contingent fund $200; tAtionery and stamps, $500; books .nd blanks, $350; clerk for indexing dlstorical records, $900; book type vriter, $135. Secretary of State as Keeper of tate House and Grounds-Two vatchmen, $960; janitor, $160; engi seer, seven months, $75, five months, 25, $650; firemen ($350 each), $700; ontingent fund. $200; fuel for State OU: e, $1,000; janitress, $120; repaira n State house, $500; incidental re airs in State house, $400; electrician, - 800. Office of Comptroller General-Sal ry, $1,900; chief clerk, $1,400; book :eeper, $1,400; auditing clerk, 81,400; ontingent fund, $300; stationery and tamps, $500; printing $50,2; traveling xpenses, $1,000; stationery and tamps insurance department, $200. State Treasurer-Salary, $1,900; hief :lerk. $1,500; bookkeeper; $1, 50; bookkeeper loan department, 1,350; contingent fund, $350; station ry and stamps, $300; printing bonds end stocks, $500. .Offee of Superintendent of Educa ion-Salary, $1.900; clerk, $1,200; ontingent fund, $200; stationary and tamps, $300; books and blanks for ubiic schools $1,000; expenses State oard of education, $300; traveling xpenses superintendent of education, 300; stenographer $400. Office Adjutant and Inspector Gen ral-Salary, 31.500; clerk, $1,200; tate armorer and help, $500; station ry and stamps, $150, expenses office ,nd. collecting arms, $550; for main enance militia, $8,000; rent and stor ge of arms and equipment, $340. Office of Attorney General-Salary; 1.900; assistant, $1,350; contingent und, $150; stationery and stamps $75; xpenses litigation, $2,000, out of which a stenographer may be em dloyed. OM-:e of State Libararlan-Salary, 1800; contingent fund, $200; station ;ry and stamps, $300; for, purchasing cnd binding books, $100. Railroad Commissioners-Salary, 15,700; secretary, $1,200; rent, etc., 11,250; printing, $250; stenographer, 1400. (This appropriation is advanced nd is to be returned by therailroads, sxpress and telegraph companies.) State Geologist-Salary, $1,500; ontingent fund $1,500. - Salary of four justices, $2,850 each; 'tal, $11,400; salaries of eightcircuit udges, $24,000; salaries of eight cir ~uit solicitors, $12,300; code commis loner, $400; salaries of eight, circuit ~tenographers, $10,200; salary of State ~eporter, $1,300; salary of clerk of an reme court, $800; salary of librarian ~upreme court, $800. salary of ~sten >graphy supreme court, 400; salary f messenger supreme court, 200; sal. try of attendant supreme court, 200; :ontingent fund, 500; purchase books upreme court litrary, 500. For the tax Department-Salaries >f county auditors, $29,000; salaries >f county treasurers, $29,000; print Eng, books, $2,500. Expenses mnaintaing quarantine station at Charleston, 81.000; salary iuarantine offce, Charleston, 81,650; salarv quarantine offce, Port Royal, 700; expenses station at Port Boyal, 300; salary quarantine offce St. Hole. ia, $700; expenses quarantine station it. Helena, $150; salary quarantine >ffeer Georgetown, $450; expenses luarantine statation at Georgetown, 150; salary keeper of Tazaetto $300; lalary keeper hospital buildings at ort Royal, $175; repairs Port Royal, 125; for the purpose. of carrying out 2e act establishing the State board if health, 82.200, out of which a claim >f the State -printer for $600 is t6 be iaid; clerk hire, State board of health, 500; to quarantine the State against :ontagious and infectious diseases, 18,000, and the governor may borrow 17,000 additional. South Carolina college, $29,400; for. lepartmnent of English, $1,600; for ron safe, $200; for normal scholar hips $1,640; installing sewerage plant 7,500; insurance three years, $3,000; inthrop college, $52,182; scholar hips, $5,456 assistant to president 800, painting buildings, $3,000; olored college at Orangeburg, $5,000; upport of beneficiary cadets at the litadel, $25,000; Citadel library $250; epairs, 1,000; heating and lighting lant, 10,000, Cedar Springs school for leaf, dumb and blind, 24,000, and for urnishings and repairs, 500; barn, arriage house and laundry, 2,500. State Hospital for the Insane-Sal ,ry of superintendent and physician, 3,000; board of regents, per diem and nileage, $1,200; support of, $120,000; epairs and improvements, $15,000; rater supply, $1,500. State Penitentiary-Salary of sup rintendent, $1,900; captain of the ~uard, $1,200; physician, 81,050; haplain, $750; clerk, 81,200. Catawba Indiands-Support of, $1, 00. The following miscellaneous appro riations were passed: Repaira on governor's mansion, $1, 50. It is understood that this settles r the present the agitation for a new aansion in another part of the city. he appropriation includes $1,000 for new heating plant and $250 for fuel. To pay claims approved at this ses Ion, $14,600. Pensions, $200,000. Lighting public buildings in Colum Ia, $6,000; water for public buildings, 2.000. For Paying for completion of State ouse, $15,000. Public .printing, $14,000 (Including tat has already been paid). Expense of phosphate board, $300. State board of equalization, 82,000. South Carolina room Confederate iuseum, Richmond, $100. State agricultural society, $2,500 oan). For committee to examine books of tate colleges, $331; committee to ex mine State treasurer's book's $492; mmittee to examine penal and char able institution, $447. Per diem of tx commission, $178; State house in istigating commission, $427; commis on to inquire into repairs needed on late house, $250; committee to Gor >n funeral, $170. Rent, office State superintendent of lucation, $270. Salaries of superivors of registra on, $12,300. For interest on the valid debt of the bte, 28,00 p-nast rdne interest