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VOL. II. MANNING, CLARENDON COUNTY, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MARCH 25 1886. NO.15. In Advance. Now Winter is fghting his battles With :nany an icicle lance, But I'm writing a "gentle spring" poem With the editors wish "in advance." It is full, as is usual, of violets," It alludes to the "robin's first peel)," Though a blizzard's a daily occurrence And the snow-drifts are Seven feet deep. But the cditors-singularcreatures. Towvbom I am bound hand and foot Grap at Father Time's typical forelock, Till it's nearly pulled out by the root. For vicy get 'way ahead of the season, In a manner most wily and arch: So that wbile you are reading December They fnich the number for March. And be who would hope for acceptance Must strife up betimes with his tune, And sing Harvest Home in Mid-Winter And jingle his sleigh-bells in June. So when my spring powrm Is fnished, No rest does my weary pen get: I must write a review of a novel Which isn't itself written yet' -Bessie Chandler, in Century. JOf UNEXPECTED. It was the week before Christmas, and Miss Polly Pritchgrd sat alone in her little room. dilig-ently at work. So far it had Yeen a hard winter, with the ground all iron-bound with cruel frost; the river clad in steely links of ice, the skv full of snow, and wind, and tempest. But Miss Polly was very com fortable in the little red farm house, of which she occupied one wing. the other being rented out to Farmer Gribbage and his wife. There was always a cheerful fire of logs blazing- on the open hearth, always a plant at tie window, and a cat purring on the rug. "To be sure, it's rather lonely," said the little old maid to herself, "never to have a soul to speak to. But it is what one must expect when one outlive's one's family and friends!" So she sat here on this grey winter's afternoon, singing some half-forgotten song, and plying her busy needle, when Mrs. Gribbage, the farmer's wife, came in. "Dolls, I declare!" she exclaimed, looking at the boxes on the table; and, as her quick eye fell on the work in Miss Polly's hand, she added: "And, as true as I'live, you're a-dressin' 'em." "Yes," said Miss Polly, coloring a soft autumnal pink. "For the toy-shop?" said inquisitive Mrs. Gribbage. '-Well-no!" acknowledged Miss Pol lv. --They are for the little girls in the orphan asylum. They don't have any-! one to think of their Christmas, you know." "Well, I declare!' reiterated Mrs. Gribbage. "Why, there's eighteen of 'em. You don't mean to say that you're! dressinc- eighteen dolls?" "Y,' said Miss Polly in deprecating tones. "Humph! Well, I just came in to tell vou that I'm goingup to Miss Georgietta l'ullerton's to tea. - "Are vou?" said Miss Polly. Mrs. &ribbage nodded complacently. "Didn't they ask vou?" said she. Miss Polly shook her head. '-Well, it's your own fault," said Mrs. Gribbage, not without asperity. "Look at that old faded turned dress of yours. Miss Georgietta Fullerton is very p:irticu lar about her dress. And now that she is engaged to be married to the minister Miss Polly gave the least perceptible start at these word. and asked: "Is she engaged to be married to him?" "So folks say," complacently an swered Mrs. Gribbage. -And I'don's suppose lhe could hake made a better match. Miss Fullerton is an excellent housekeeper, and has got a little money of her ow~n. Andl it is high timne there was someone :at the p:ar'onage to keep those four noisv ehildre-n in order.-' And Mrs. O;ribbage sailed away in her rustling silk gown and red plum'ied hat, leaving Miss Polly alone with her dolls. The parson sat alone, also. that grey threatening December afternoon, in his little study', with a heap of sermon-paper in front of him. He had sait dlown to write his Christmas sermon; but, someohlow. the ideas refused to come. There w.as a general aspect of forlorn ness about the room. which the poor man realized, but could not explain. "It's all yery uncomfortable, said Mr. Mellen to himiself, biting thoughtfully at the feather end of his qutill-pen. "And, somehow, 1,alway's feel it more at Christmas time thatn at any other. Hear those children scream! One would think they might play without making quite so much noise. But they are not managed as they' were when poor Isabel was alive. I suppose I am not a goodl disciplinari:m, or p~erhiaps I should have them in better training. Really. I don't know but that the goodI ladies in my congregation are right. and that I ought to "Get married again!" Robubie Mellen's shrill little voice tuttered, just at this moment. '-Oh. I like that! That's a' iretty note! Our father get married again! Nonsense. Bell; :-omeone has been cramming you!" "But it's true," retorted little Bell, full of indignation. '-and yotu needn't laugh. I heard old Miss Grampus say so to Miss Collyer, last *eek, when they all thonohlt I was asleep on the bed, at Sewing Society-that papa was going to marry again. "Who was it?" breathlessly (lemand ed Janie, a tatll girl of eleven. -'The lady, I mean?"' "They' didn't say~," Bell answered. "Miss Georgie~ Fullerton, I bet!" shouted Robbie. "Oh. I wouldn't like her for a mother." "Who would vou like?" retorted Janie scornfully. "Oh, ' don't~ know," answered Rob bie. "Not her, anyhow. She scowled at me one day when I stepped on the train of her dress. And I heard her say, -Clumsy boy!' to her sister." "'And she was very right," didactic ally observed Janie. "You are a clumsy boy. Rob." "Perhaps,- said JoL!n, "it's Mr's. Bricknor. There's a stunner for you. Ain't she always dressed like the Queen of Sheba?" "I can't bear Mr's. Brieknor'," said Bell. "She latughs too loud, and her false teeth don't lit,'and I don't think she likes little boys and girls. She looked real cross ai the birthday-party when we had them funny games, and told Mrs. Fenwick that' she didn't think maantanoM bn haflowed to make so maca noise. "Pil tell von who does love children, tugh. suddelv exelaimined Janie; and I love her too, and I wish papa would marry her. 31ss Pollv Pritehard." "What, tihat Miss Polly that has the blue 31altese eat, and the red cardinal hird?" said liolbie. "Well. it ain't a bad idea. She gave me somo bread and-jam the night I got lost blackberry ng on the hills, and told me such a nice story about Fortunatus and his Purse when I was resting onl her sofa." --Yes, and what do you think?" eterly struek in Janie. -'She's .ress in! eighteen dolls, now, for the poor ittle orphan girls in the aSyhnn, and she has bought eleven jack-knives., be :-aue site say's all chiidre'n ouglt to have a Chr'istmas." . *"hes a trump." dielared Ronbie, pounding both hands down ipon the table. "I deelare I'vt most a mind to marry her mysel! But look here, Jantk', ain't you goingtI to heIl a fellow with these long-div ision smt::e. b efore papa calls 11 in to recie?" And then the noise of four ialking to rether drowned the sense of what they 5aid. and Mr. Melien, smiling to him elf. )uelCd back bj:n pen 1 anl sermon paper. -0Ot of the moumbs of bahes and zueklings,' lie said mildly. 'Who knows but that tie little ones' Ve(u's ave been sent to guide my i :ep s right? It wvasa sweet :mdI ( racous idea. that of preparing a Chri.-an;a for he little homeless ones w'h have no )arents to take tfodk-rlthou .t lor the. [ think I will goi OUt and <net I my roubled meitations wtith. a And his walk lui h~m to tiw lilu red arm honu' in wh.e win ' :-- Polly Britchard sat dOgemly at wor ove'r he eischteen dolls. The parson w:as a sensible straiiht orward man. who comprehenih- ione )f the sinuoust wil;-s of swiety. H1 'noeked at the door :nd w:tlkol in. All looked cosv and c' mfortable the:e. .rom the big geranin in the window mnd the Maltese eat on the rug, to tle saded lamp and the work-basket bo -do the prim littie spinster. And Po i hlr-welf. with hr thicl brown hair coiled Ina inot :t the back of her lad,:-nd a faint earnatio li bloom onl her celewk. was not the s:t attractive et-m'nt of the sene. --So these are the dolls for the l:ttle aits and strtvs of h;nant-eh?" ..id the personi king kindly at tihe inaden lady. -Yes." said 2tiiss Povy. "But on't know how vou heard anythlin :bout it, Mr. delilen. It was to be a proound scet." "I will keep it, iust profoundily." aid the parson. "You see," blu.shingly explaied 31i. Poliv. "I anm fond of chlidren, and it's real' pleasure to nev to do anyv ag foi r the little :hin-s. I've often thourt I should like to'adopt a eidd. "Miss PollV." said the lr-son" blttuly. "that is the 'very buiness I have come to Vou about. What do Vou sy to do'ting four?" "Four?" receated M.Nss Poll.t --Yes." said the pison. A'line And their father thrown into the bargain. What do you say, 'Miss Polly? Will you marry me?"1 "I-i afraid I amt not good enough. said Miss Polly, with a little grasp. as if the tide of unexpected happiness was surging up into her very throat. ,-If ever there was a good Chnistlan, Polly, vou are one," said the parson. "Or else," putting his haid lightly upon the tiny heap of dolls, "you never would have taken all this troutble for Christ's orphaned little ones. Only say 'Yes' Polly'. Thtat is all I want." And Polyt said "Yes.' Mrs. Grib~bage wtas quite inetredulous when she came home and heard the new s. "I thought it wvas to be Georgietta~ Fullerton, sa:-e enotugh," said sihe. "But how ever came Mir. MIellen to think of vou?" "I am' sure I don't know," said Miss Polly with humility. So. like the old.~time fait'y stories, our tal endls. "And they lived happily ever after." For M1rs. Mellen was a model stepmother, and the four young rebels at the petrsonage loved her hteartily. fTis was Miss Polly Priteliartd's latst Christmas in loveless o'olitutde. For when the next Christmias e:une she war the happy little inistress of the parsonage How Many Hours for Steep? There is an old saving that has frightened a great mitany peole from taking the rest thatt naturle dlemtanded fot' th'emi. '-Ninte hours ar'e entotugh for a! fool.'' TJhey may be: :tni not too nmany' for a wise man wvho feels thatt lhe needs them. Goethte, whten performing his most prodi-giouis litera;'y featts, felt that he needed nine hours: wthat is better, lie took thema. W~e pr'esumen it is conc'eded by all thoughtful per'isons that the brain itti'very yotung chtildren. say' three or four vears of age. re-inires afll of twvelve hotr; in rest, or .,1e'p. 'lThis petriod is shortened grtaully utl .at fout' n years of age, the boy' is fonnd to ne only ten hours. When full grown aond in a-htealthy' condition, the mntz mttay ind a ntighit of eighit hours sumeiient to repor' the exl;utiont of the day and new-rentle htim for the mtorrow. But if ie discoier that he' niers me'-: .4;> he seohl take it. There is sur'ely some tigt wrtong about ]hn: perhaps au for giotteni w"ate mus't be0 rted. His seep, evid'ntly.te La i. u' m''e up; and uit at. and-he can rgt should setnibil c (onclude' to let his' itt stnct 'otrol ido aindtl in i-. 3IUargare't Sir1!:ey/. Ln Go.- li.o kep M1iss Guiinev, the' newt poet of lBoston, is described ~as tatll and a :s iilthe :is a wvillow wand. with a face-that has thtat delicacy of contoutr atid relin,':nt of feature'betokening a sensitive nattur'e, the poetic nature ini a high degree. HeIr mouth atnd ntose are lovely, but she mars the expets-ion of hoer eyes by wearing oton's ~in~'I,-le oa tomn. Miss Gui nris. hiowever, nte'I'ar-t. and would rthir' see what 'lheio dlohing than to look tro v . .'eis fod of outdoeor sports, h'~ad "ttn :.ik .m atld tar, anti is a tremetion ;tt de triaa. Tfhirty -two d"aily newspapet's are pub llsad ihn New York. TIIE II UNTlN LEO 1,0PAR1D. .A Sinlru'ar K: -:.r:wikich is Prac I think it w:.- hiere. write.s a clrre soind.nt to he /llw i /etions, that I w ''tnesl tiy i e I ever saw 1- lick bu n. - run ilto an I ke by te |-t or hunting leopar(d. '.yI k tn.nider this a low Ind of sprt but I it is e;u:l to aI partridge shooting. lies being aI io-ttiful sig t. I .b l threfore de sribe swe't: I e Vn w::t I saw. On rvin' whil my friem ::, s Ie place of leeting in tih jn1w w.! found a few routgh-and-re I y-! 1;,n- n:tivs in ciarce of tire.e or ratheur smll.: two-urheeld pltie ,:'m. drawvn by iml lockS. On ech -:ie -t, i -, an erect attitude, a beaui:: ietopard, strongly chlneid ad w:h 1a h'o4 over his eves, similar to those ue-d for hawks. VWc wer' .toonl umbra; and diingI to*-] v. :rd the hrd of antos which could be. seen grazin inP te distace and vicCh h:o! bn nmarked down before land(1. There was-. n. : y in getting te e:rts to I t hin 1:-1 'rd.s tf the deer. Then one of tht checa'is. a ine male, wa n unhoodd !."d s: firee. Its depar ture from h...ry. iits deci.ion in c-. Tov. lin iln the zpe i for ri: on ii-: prey were HSoinstam1 w i ra :i t o he quite mavloc 1 ni : '' ::naish from th.....r ..nd.: ..-r :m.ously halt vlar tow.rd i!:e in. ti:k 6bck it had a'mzed out fr a :n at aOout .h...yad..r :.t-::-picus troop tev sudd(en 'beeln::' :are of the dev'dly peril in. One and all r m : &glvan c b. nn PtiCc' (.eiect1d to Cs e~'me teil' in~a til t:. in h hunting c--thii. l uoe o hundred vad, ufr th :e a i a wingless n hmgs; : cin xn ; w Ssoon mn the of the aIfrihted thrng. whieh :-etuered1wik ly and *panie-stricken in all direcon. theirt:ir-a fine1 bt :~ bc - 34sru don cn their m T h *~ ,hi in his death a . in t. ly. ei of IIis be:au : a re.o d. fo- . We ran as htrd :: :: o i :l; were soon surrounduin i 5t Neithr an:.: mvi, for thc buck ii b : startig eve- . b:U an d :: -:ustiaalone gave1i v :: !. ekl: n te0 .: spread out nf his :itim . " in m b: .s delicate ] .a - th pm-ess of 1 1u i e : us with a 1 hn.Of ft~ 6n:- fiocity that be- t : as his kepers rushed I fi r by th hindt l . T rone 1:m g1rowled Iiercelyi1 ad. tigh ning his eiu:ch, looke so ex tre:nely dangerus thi I wa s far from t envvlng those wa wre in such close t proximity to in. ltu) they know their tr:nie. "ith a lonig. sharp knife they cut the deers throat anti caused the I wvarm blood to spout in torrents into the face of the half-wild benst, whose whole frame now seemecd to thrill with ecstasy. f One of thie oiperators. in the meanwhile, caught a quantity of t-e crimson life f stream in a wVoden e:\l. and forced the steaming h:kd under the very nose of the excited leopard. who, cuitting his j hold, at one. begatn to lap with avidity. 1 While engaged in this process the leather t 1100d was swiftly chpd over his eves, and the collar. vith two chains attach- C ed, was adjusted re' ..,I his neck. While this was going on a third man had cut ofr one ot ti:- bucks hind legs. and this, the "lion's .sare," was hieldi close to thce bloody' chalie,. wich was no0 sooner empl1tied thacn thce brute seied the mleat thus prov'ided with a vice-like grip). 1 Eaceh chain was~ no0w grraseed by at diffierent man. who. by keeping apart so. that the tether remu:uned taut, kept the leopard between them ini such a wayt that neith~er was win~il reatch of his elaws or teeth. Then the third individual, whco had ever read his hold of the sank-bone1 of the. leg of venlisoni, gently dre~w the cheetahi to the little cart that had now been brought close up. As t soon as the beasbt felt himnself against < the edge of his ow n failciar chariot he sprang lightly upon it and proceded to 1 demolish his sneeulent morceatu at his case. I now inspectd the carcass of the deer, withm a view to ascrtaining, if ossible, hcow the cheetahc hatd been able SO inlstantanlleouly to s.tike dlown stuch a powerful annl 'i'Innneduihately on1 get ting up withl it. I at once observed a1 single long. deep gas5h in the flank,i whlich was e'vientiv eausletd by tihe de-: cisive blow. But I couldi not imagmne with what weapon the leopard had been < able to inflict this very strange-lookingi svound, for the cheetah has a foot like a < dog and his claws are not retractile. < Turning then to the beast as it sat on: the cart I insplect ed it closely and saw1 that tihe dew-claw, which in the (log ap pears stuch a tuseless appendage, is repre- 1 snted in this brute by a terrible-looking4 talon exactil; suited to the infliction of suca a gah Gates o. Hanppiness. All men and women shiould rt'Joice to remain patrt child all throtugh life, how ever long its course may run. The gamnes, the dance, thce anecdlote, the as sembly of friend-, the feast, are as much a puart of hmnuanity as its natural power to'latughi or to perivei' the points of wvit. Ansemcent is (one of the forms of hut mcan hlappinecss. This happiness, like old Thebes, has a htindred gates for its cmillng and g ong -thle gate of tears. for m~ani weepis when hte is happy, amid1 muieiil or Inl revisiting? his miother's1 homne, thet gate of pensivenless, for lie is happiy when he reads "Gray's Elegy" or walks in the rustling autum leaves the gate of admiration, for mnan is hap ory amid the beauty of nat'are and of -t: the gate of frienidship, when heart idhs its comitpanion heart: the gate of hope, for man is happy when the comn inf day areiredl with these angel igures' ofepectation. Of the~se hutndred gates of happ4iness amus1lement makes oe-phumlietd by the liuilder of hutmanl life. It mlust open before us and we may~t all pass icn andt out as. long as tihe heart shlall remain unbroken lbv death or grief. -Rc c. D)ai eU'ing. Gen. Butler conlttiue to appiear in the United States supreme court, Iis residence is in Lowell, but he maintains: 1aw amCo in Bostonl and Washino-ton. "As Ye Sow so Shall Ye Reap." To rarry or not to marry. is a ques Ion narv all must :nsw'r. To one side - t is an unfair posit ion. for they iist ic; 'oo from those who ask or -o vit::.::mI the ineettaimv of future ioramities a%,rS t) reat as to greatly ii unce the :nswer, and so often do C if-r events prove the mistrke thus c liule, one cannot help wishing each wrson was stampel with the address of heir partners for life: this much settled' )me factor of iistal:e would be removed, tid whatever failt-findingr there must w could not he aimed at either. As I Uch a state of things cannot be. we 3 mist make the best oimatters swe find e iemi. No doubt there is trouble on f ,oth sides, but it certainly is not iore han half on the side of the woman. he present rules of society are 1ost avorable to both intentional and uin11 emional decepCtion: neither party*v can niow mulch of the :ome life of the other C imtil the irrvevocable step is taken. c Coig peopl! are allowed to mingle to- c :et her. forming associations from ]i )ulse: taught to believe love will go vhcre sent, and that love is blind, and 11 such nonsense, instead of knowing or a c(rtaintv that reason should judge lI1 things, and that matrimony means C nore than unlimited freedom, with omie one to constantly anticipate one's ishes. Girls have learned that however enible t1tey may be. unless they can m. on 'tvle : md look hewitching. ten 1 h1 ances to one instead of ibeing honored l or it, they will be snubbed and left to 3 anguish on the parntal bush until the s rosts of fall have come: if young lien cannot allord to marry it is t:eir wn fault, for they have pt a premium n dress and accomplishments in wo- E nen, and its not their fault all woiuen t re not extravagant and sellish, which t hanks to innate good sense is not the ase. Were men not so near stone lind on this point they would have less rouble in linding sens'ible wives, for in verv town there is at least a score of C ust a.s good, economical, sensible girls, C s the good mother, men are so fond of f iuoting. She probably does not excel j a roller skating; I doubt if she knows tow to dance, but she can and does iel> mother, plays for home amusement, nT:n enjoys readi'ng of the more substan- i _l kind, but let me tell you young nan if you are going to find her you v vill need more of a recommendation e han a gold-headed cane, a love of a ustache and a rhine stone pin can ive. or you will very likely fail to win er for a wife. It is more than proba dI, she can take care of herself and will eed to see she is gaining a hclpmicet :efore she consents to give up her liber- e y and her name. But young men will t tot geVt their eves open until mothers ake the matter in hand and train their ioys from the cradle up to be Men Fit or Husbands. It is a lamentable fact c at mothers seldom think of having h his object in view. It seems to be the 11 eneral opinion, that some woman will t 10 able to live with the man, who, as a oy, possessed such a violent temper it ras almost impossible to live with him, rho was coaxed, petted and spoiled a om the cradle up, until by some fairy a rocess he is to outgrow all these little C ailings and develop into a Man Fit For o Husband, just as easily as nature c ives the downy upper lip when man- f ood's estate is reached. The facts will r ear me out in saying this is not always e case-'as ye sow, so shall ye reap" I -the ungovernied boy will make a more r less tyrannical husband.-Amclia A. i Vhitficdd, in Good Housekceeping. r t sfrcts of Competition in Rates of Tratnsportation. The effect of free competition in trade S s to bring the greatest competition to lear on thiose things in which there is he greatest trade. Trhus, there is the u mallest margin of profit over the cost a if produtction on the necessaries of life, s le next smallest on the common Comn orts, and the largest on the luxuries. This effect is not caused by any design in the part of traders nor from any t >eneicent legislation on the part of t. >oliticianis. It results from the opera- a ion of natural laws of trade. The u >perations of the same letws produce the amie efl-eet on the rates of transporta in. We find, as a rule, the lowest ates on coal, wood, petroleum, iron, tmber, etc.; the next lowest on flour, I ~rain, proviston, etc.; we then have 3 oots andl shoes, cotton and woolen f ~oods, clothing, etc.; anid then a vary- r ng list of niore costly or perishable ar icles and luxuries which are consumedr n decreasing quantities. All the natur l forces of competition which tend to C educe the rates of transportation co-op. t rate in producing this discrimination g n things which are moved in the larg- r st quantities, and which are, of course, i onsumed in the largest amounts. The imf of the railroad manager is to secure rafflc. To do this he must make lower ates on cheap commodities, with those C lngs which comprise the necessaries - f life. It results in distributing the c iharges for transportation where they c tre most easily borne. Not only do le necessaries have the lowest rates md the luxuries the highest, but the ne essaries consumed in tle largest quan- C ities have lower rates than those can- 1 umed in smaller quantities. We con- i ume more fuel than bread, and more t ood than clothing, while the rates a ransportation follow the opposite order. I This discrimination, though in favor >f the necessaries and common comforts 1 f life, is none the less a discrimination. f t actually results in favoring classes. I [hose who consume but the necessaries, d he day-laborers, are the most benefited; t he artisans who consume, in addition a o the necessaries, many of the comforts, he next; and so on as higher wages , rovide more of the comforts, and these e nerge into the luxuries.- Gerrit L.Lans- t ng, in Popular Sciencc Monthly for f !'druary. Thle Indian wvife of "Warm Spring Fonny," a white man, who since his -hildhood hias lived with the Indians, I lied near Albany, Ore., recently, of img fever. Th'le 'husband, whose real uune is unkniown, was well krnown in I he early days of Oregon as an Indiant icout, and' also served in the United states airmy duringr the civil war. He vas captured when a child by the In lans and with them has even lost his >wnl name. He has lived for many yearsC vith his Indian wife in a little cabin ac.- the Chanaoola River. Ensilage for Stock. REMEDY FoR HArD TDIE--LET OUR FAI MERS PONDER THE SUGGESTIONS CON T.INED IEREIN. We wish to urge most carefully up n our farmer friends the importance If putting up ensilage every year, vith which to feed their stock. Ex >erience has proved it to be the best nd cheapest food that can be fed to attle, and every farmer ought to use t. The silos are buildings, formerly >its, in which the green food (called nsilage) is kept. In order that our irmers may know how to make their ilos we copy the following letter ritten to the Richmond Dz-spaleh by Ir. C. W. Garrett, of Halifax county, sorth Carolina. He relates his own xperience and his letter ought to be arefully read, and every farmer ught to build one or more silos. Tie :llowing is Mr. Garrett's letter: EmriELn, HALIFAX COUNTY, N. C., December 3, 1S85. MY DEAR S:-I am just in receipt f your favor of the 27th ultimo, in uiring about my experience with en ilage. I gladly comply: I have been cutting up ensilage nd my experience causes me to value more and more highly as I learn ow to take care of it more cheaply. Vhen I built my first silos, in the ummer of 1880, the idea was that nly those built of cement or brick, a the ground, would answer-the pur iose, and costing at least $5 per ton : build. Now they are built upon be top of the ground, entirely of rood and earth, and at a cost of 75 ents to $1 per ton. These keep the usilage as well as those constructed f cement or brick, and much more onvenient, and involve less labor to aed from. I have two wood silos, uilt in 1881, above ground, and olding 180 tons, both costing not ore than $125, which are now in .od order and full of ensilage, aud ae been filled every year since they ,ere built. The contents, without xception, have been fed in good con ition. The silos I built in 1880, (of ement below ground), held 125 tons, nd cost me about $3 per ton. These so have been filled every year since -sometimes twice a year-and the nsilage was not any better preserved ban in those built of wood. Since I egan to make ensilage, in the fall of 880, I haye fed iny horses, mules and ows almost exclusively on it, and ae yet to see any bad results from ;; on the contrary, I have been able : keep them in much better condi on than before I commenced its use. a the year 1879 I had nine mules nd horses, and about as many cattle, nd besides the long forage I could onveniently make on my farm, I paid ut over $700 for hay, bought by the ar-load in Richmond. I am now eding fifteen head of horses and iules and thirty head of cattle, and ay out nothing for hay, and my -rm is no larger than it was then. he extra manure I now produce ays me fully, I am persuaded, for be cost of the ensilage. I use corn nd cow-pea vines exclusively for en ilage -the former I use is cheaper; be latter makes the best ensilage. For the past three years I have .sed corn constantly for this pu'rpose, fter it was sufficiently matured to ustain no injury, when the blades ere ripe enough for fodder. I pull be corn, then cut the stalk down to be ground-blades on--haul and cut bem in three-quarter inch lengths, ud pack in the silo; then weight as sual. This makes a very desirable od; the stock all like it, and I have ever seen any bad effects from it. )uring the three years named I have 'ut up 100 per year from this source, I exp'erience is that land producing ye banels of corn to the acre will ake five tons of ensilage, or a ton to be barrel I regard the ensilage as iore valuable than the corn, and the ost of putting it into the silo is less ban seventy-five cents per ton. I row no corn exclusively for ensilage; 1st of it made in the United States Sfrom corn grown exprc.oly for the urpose. I am of the opinion that at be time I cut it it is as valuable for nsilage as at any period of its growth -hence a great saving in making a rop of corn and ensilage-I see thait thers ore Kdopting this plan to ad antas. E1V great plant for ensilage is the rdiary field or cowv-pea. Of this I ut up about 200 tons yearly, and it greatly preferred by my stock to bat made of corn. This pea crop I -ow chiefly after wheat and oats. I treak the land as soon as the wheat Staken oft, then plant in drills three 3et apart, eight to twelve peas in a ill, using the Eureka corn planter, ropping every twenty inches; side bem up once or twice, if need be and -rass is troublesome; plant from the :5th of June to the 10th of July,which ives ample time for the maturity of be plant for ensilage, producing from ye to ten tons per acre, at a cost not xceeding $1.50 per ton, worth 25 per ent. more in feed value than corn at ny stage of its growth. With this >ant properly utilized with the sys em of ensilage, the South can feed .nd raise sheep, cattle, mnles and orses as cheaply as any portion of he United States, except the very far Vest. This fact will be demonstrated ome day. I have often seen publish d a statement that corn stalks or any >tber suitable material made good en ilage without chopping up fine with cuter For fear of loss I have been afraid to try it. A neighbor wh, built a silo three years ago had hi silo, machinery and cutter burnt u] last winter. The silo was rebuilt las summer and filled with corn stalks pea, vines, uncut. This ensilage is a good as any I have ever seen-sweet er than mine, which was cut fine, an< is little more trouble to take from th silo than that cut fine. I shall pu tp a large portion of mine next yea without cutting. This fact renders i possible for every farmer who make a one-horse crop to put up ensilag( as the great bar of their doing so wa the outlay of money for cutter, ma chinery, &c. This may all be obviate< now. The only outlay required is th building of a silo, at a cost of not ove $1 per ton, and which any one can dc of mechanical *capacity, without th hell) of a skilled mechanic. Kncwia its great value, I earnestly hope th Southern people will adopt this sys tem. It is an outrage that, havin such advantages, we should be so de pendent. That our friends may not go wron, in the construction of the abov ground silo I will. here give a de scription of it in detail: These silc were built in 1881, and have been fill ed four times, the ensilage being well preserved. First, I dug a trencl for foundation sills 43 feet long, 1 wide and 8 inches deep. Into thes Iput the sills, of white oak, all hearl 10 inches square, framing a sill of th same size across. the middle. Thi makes the foundation for two silo. inside measure 20 feet long by 12 fee wide. I put studs of heart oak inti these sills, ten feet long, two by si: inches, two feet apart, intending th silos to be 10 feet deep, then wit] one-inch plank boarded up each sidE studs being 10 feet highfill the space between the studs and inner and out er walls of plank with sand (saw-dus will answer as well), thus making a' air-tight wall, which is all that is nec essary, however it may be done. Th 6 feet of studding above the walls o body of the silo is necessary for thl purpose of filling, tramping, weight ing, &c. I have one door to eac] silo at the outer end, made by havin, the two middle studs 3 feet apart. T< these hang two doors IS inches wide 5 feet long to the inner edge of stud, the doors to open outward. Thei close the doors and nail on boards to outer edge of studs, and fill betweei doors and boards with earth, and yoi have the same wall as the other part of the silo. When you wish to ope the doors rip off the boards in front when the earth falls and the door open outward, exposing the ensilag Of course, the studs are framed int< plates above, which should be don in a substantial manner, as the pres sure from weighting the silo is quit severe. My roofs extend 3 feet be vond the sides and ends, to preven rain from being blown in on the en silage. After filling the silo I firs cover the ensilage with inch-plank placing of them down lengthwise then cover these with pine or whea straw to prevent earth or sand fror getting in; then cover with earth 1 inches deep and you may rest ussure that your ensilage is safe. I prefe common earth for weighting, for tw. reasons-first, it is more easily han died; and second it excludes the ai better than anything else. Whe2 feeding the ensilage first take out the front doors from bottom to top about two feet; then on each side until the end is taken out; then pu in good substantial props to hold the planks and keep the weight fron bending them down, which repeal propping every 3 feet as the ensilag. is taken out, until the whole is ex hausted. Care should be taken tha this propping be well done, otherwis the planks above may give way an endanger the safety of the feeders. It has been well said that "ou: people must learn to grow everythint for man and beast before they car claim to be self-sustaining ;" and more they must learn to make it withou running in debt. No general pros perity can prevail until we can mnaki what we consume before we consume it. Easy credits will destroy an: people; it demoralizes the thrifty an4 makes paupers of the unthrifty. Very truly yours, G. W. GAinrrr. To Mr. Jons Onni, Secretary, &c. Richmond, Va. An Alleged Compromise. The Senate commnittee on finance haa voted to report faivorably upon th< nominations of a number of interna revenue collectors whose predecessori were suspended, and is likely to rc port all the nominations before it in: few days. A mutual iinderstanding between the commnittee and the secre tary of the treasury has been reachet covering all suspensions from an< nomiationis to offices which have n< fixed tenure. The nature of the ar rangemenit is not made public, but considerable number of letters havy recently been sent by tihe secretary t< tle conimittee in response to an equa number of inquiries, and the corre spondence is still in progress. Thi arrangemenlt covers all nomination before the committee. -Tihe feeling in Europe is a trifi more optimistic on the Balkan matter The Berlin financiers lead the senti ment by booming the new Servia1 loan at rising prices.. There is a re crudescence of the rumor that Lor. Rosebery intends trading Cyprus fo Crete with the Porte and to prssen rete to Greece. > Wonders of the Sky. 3 A VISIT TO THE NAVAL OBSERVATORY AT t WASrNrGTON - wHAT GEN. JOHNSToNE , JONES SAW THERE-SATURN, HIS RINGS S AND SATELLiTEs; THE NEBULE IN ORIoN; - THE PLEMDES A H.NDFUL oF DIAMoNDs; THE MOON A GREAT SNOW-FIELD. Gen. Johnstone Jones, son of Col. t C. Jones, of York County, recently visited the Naval Observatory at t Washington, and upon his return s home wrote his father an interesting letter descriptive of what he saw s there. We have been permitted to make the following extracts from the letter; r Remembering your suggestion as r to looking at Saturn through the great telescope, I procured a letter of intro duction to Commodore Belknap from his son-in-law Dr. Westray Battle, who resides here, and called at the Naval Observatory. The Commodore received me kindly, and invited me to look through the telescope the first fair night. The night of February 9th was tolerably fair, and I visited the Observatory, and in company with the Commodore and his wife called upon Professor Hall, who has charge of the great instrument. I saw Sat urn, his rings and satellites; the nebule in Orion; Sirius; the Moon; the Pleiades, and the star Aldebaran. Of all these eight Saturn was the grandest and most beautiful; but the nebule in Orion the most sublime and impressive. Saturn appeared a perfectly round, smooth ball, with well defined edges, as yellow as gold, and without scin tillation. The sphere was encircled by two bright, flat rings of the same color as the planet, separated by a dark line, supposed to be empty space - between them. All along the interior t edge of the inside ring was a cloudy or vaporous appearance. The rings - had clear-cut edges and seemed to be solid bodies. In the black space sur rounding these luminoas bodies shone r the eight satellites-each a brilliant star-a diamond point of clear, steady, silvery-white light-at unequal dis tances from the rings. It appeared to be about the size of the full moon. The wonder of the spectacle is great ly increased when we reflect that it is 790 millions of miles distant from the earth, or 880 millions from the sun, and that it is more than fifty times as large as the earth. Compared to this ringed-wonder of the skies our planet is small, commonplace and insignifi cant. The Pleiades under the power of s the telescope spread out into about thirty beautiful stars. They seemed a handful of diamonds strewn on the sky, without order or system. Sirius, the largest of the fxed stars, if not the neai est, was brilliant beyond t description. It scintillated violently, - blindingly, flashing out a reddish, t yellowish light. The Moon seemed a great snow . field, with the crater, the mountains, ' and the shadows of the mountains all plainly visible. These shadows, made by the distant sun, filled me with a feeling of indescribable awe. I had always thought the moon appeared dark under the telescope, but the only darke spots about it are the shadows rof the mountains on the plains and valleys. The most sublime spectacle is the nebule in Orion. It is a faint, whitish cloud, shaped like a ploughshare. In the centre are four brilliant stars called the Trapezium-Aiunked by two stars that appear to be in the cloud veiled, as it were. Whether they are in this nebulous matter, or - on the other side of it, seen though it as through a veil, is an unsolved and most puzzling question. Off below the point, which juts out into the black, empty space, appear. two beautiful stars,with no nebulous matter around ,.them. This field of cloud must be many millions of miles in extent, and the stars each a great sun, the centre of some mighty solar system,perhiaps. -At this immense distance Saturn would not be seen at all, even with the greatest telescope; our own sun would appear but a small point of light-size of a star as it appears to the naked eye. This nebuke and the Trapezium cannot be seen with the naked eye. When I meet you again I will tell you more of these wonders of the sky. The subject is one all %amliar to my vocabulary. 3William J. Florence, the actor, was once anxious to enter thc diplomatic 1 service, and was cordially indorsed by men of both political parties for the Turkish mission. President Arthur, to whom the application was made, was gresiy, imipressed with the strength of the petition, but just about that time the attention of Mr. Florence was attracted I to a new play, and be concluded not to >go abroad for some years, A New York shoeblack attracts trade by distributing cards that tell how nice l he shines shoes in tihe following simpe Bstoeselanguage: "Pedal tegu Sof 5 cents. Antiquated tegminents (pedal or surpedal) cxpurgated judic iously and resuscitated with expedition for nominal compensation. Of the in numerable foretastes of heaven enjoyed by every patron I would simply state: -From thie eventuation of the operation even -to its ultimate successful com pletion the patron reclines superincumb ent on cushions which a Sybarite miight envy, in a superlatively luxurious atti tud in wvhich the horizontal and, per