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STORY OF JOHN BROWN Career of Man Who Tried to Fre? Southern SI ave; Is Recalled The school kids sing about "They Hung John Brown on a Sour Apple Tree." But how many know the details of the trial, conviction and hanging of John Brown in Charles Town? Sixty-three years ago the nation was rent with discussion over slavery.1 It had become the greatest issue since the Revolution. While Horace Gree-, ley wrote stirring editorials to free the slaves, John Brown took an even more violent course. He tried to free the slaves by force. It was a national issue. Gecrge D. Moore, a former prosecuting attorney in Charles Town, W.; Va., writing 'n a local piper, says in. P2rt: ''During the early funmv?r of 1859 a party of strangers arrived near Harper's ferry, then part of Virginia. With them \va: an old man of vener-; ablf appearance who called himself! Isaac Smith. They represented them-1 selves as prospecting for minerals,; and took long and frequent rambles; over various parts of the Blue Ridge. mountains near by. After a few J weeks they removed to what is known j as the Kennedy farm, aoout live m'iesi from Harpers Ferry, and established! headquarters. They were amiable! people and soon made a number of j fiends. In the meantime a largequantity of arms and ammunition, was smuggled in co them. . Excitement Prevailed ''Twenty men descended upon) Harper's Ferry on the night of Sunday,' October 16, 1859. They shot men in the streets and took possession of the town. Nobody seeme.i to: know what it wss all a!>out. Later; one of the attackers declared that! they had come to free the Virginia j slaves. They said they h:id ail the; means to accomplish this plan. "News of the attack on Harper's; Perry was flashed across the nation. > The Virginia militia came, and Gov-; ernor Wise of Virginia took personal j charge. After a three-day light the little army was captured. Its leader i "was recognized as John Brown. "Brown and h:s followers werej taken to Charles Town, where the! v grand jury was* in .session. Virginia ; and what is now know as West Vir-j ginia were then one state. ; "The old Vrginia law required five! days' lapse between the preliminary j examination and the submission of the case to the grind jury. - "A whole nation was wrought up; to the tensest pitch during those five days of suspense. It was rumored everywhere and particularly through the South, that John Brown's little army of twenty men was but th? forerunner of a mighty army from the! North to come down and free the' i slaves and that a powerful secret or-1 ganization was planning revolt by j riot and murder and the Brown gangj w?c to be released from jail. Rumors Traveled Fast "These rumors grew; they traveled fast. It was'argued that John Brown I would not have dared attempt such j a bold thing as the capture of Har-j pers Ferry unless he knew he had; ample backing. "On October 26 the preliminary hearing opened, with the courthouse heavily guarded by militia troofte. Everywhere the town was jammed with strangers. There was a little army of newspaper men. "Brown, it is believed, fully reiliz- j ed what was to come. The courthouse was across the street from the | jail. Brown was marched out from the front door of the jail, grim and determined. A double file of soldiers guarded him. He presented a re-| marjcable picture. "Whether he was legally right or not, he believed his cause just. He was six feet tall, stoop-shouldered, old, bareheaded and wore a long, shaggy grey beard. But his piercing old eyes showed no signs of fear. His condition is d^sribed as feeble, and bystanders gasped in silence as he moved slowly along, manacled. "The court room was jammed with five or six hundred people. Eight * justices of the peace conducted the preliminary hearing. They constituted the court of first resort; upon their say would depend whether John Brown, avowed Abolitionist, should be set free with his comrades or whether they should be held for the : grand jury. Great Lawyers Prosecuted "Charles Harding was the district attorney. Governor Wise of Virginia appointed Andrew Hunter as assistant prosecutor. Hunter was a great lawyer, a wonderful pleader and a man of imposing appeaarnce. "Prosecutor Harding demanded to j knew whether the prisoners were represented by counsel or whether they wished the court to assign counsel. "Then came one of the great dramatic episodes of legal history. "Old shaggy-haired John Brown, feeble and stooped, apparently ready | to tetter upon the floor, did not like | the tone in \vh:ch the question was asked. He might be old, he might be feeble, but he was a man withal. And the haggard oid man slowly and fee-' b?y arose from h;s chair. His steely eyes swept the breathless crowd with scorn as he exclaimed: 4' 'Virginians! I did not ask for , quarter at the time I was taken. (He was badly wounded). 1 do not ask for quarter now. I do not ask to have my life spared. If you iseek my blood you may have it at any mom-. em without the mockery of a trial. I have no counsel. we are to be . forced into a mere tfcrm of trial?a: trial for execution?you might spar* j yourselves that trouble. I am ready , for my fate. I ;>eg no insult, nothing ; bat that which conscience gives or cowardice drives you to practice. I j again ask to be excused from the' mockery of a trial!'' '"Then John Brown sat down. He.; in that short speech, not only address-! ed the court, but he flung a challenge; at the pride of old Virginia. Auditors Amazed "His auditors were thrilled and j amazed. They even respected ?h( j daring old man. "When the second day's court opened an attorney for Brown in- j formed the court that he had received a telegram from an Akron, Ohio, man ' i 1 -- J XT ~ ? ,1 i WilO aeciareu iriiii uieie was a guwi deal of insanity in Brown's family, i and he desired to investigate the J statement. "While the defense counsel was1 making ite plea, John Brown inter-j rupted him. The old man struggled j forward, his eyes blazing with wrath j and his voice shaking with emotion, i In unmistakable language he repudi- j ated his attorney's plea and denied : there was any insanity in his father's j family, though some of his mother's j oeople had been mentally afflicted, j He refused any such subterfuge of j defense in his.behalf. He wss out in the open, he had nothing to hide, nothing to excuse and no apologies to make. The court ruled that there was no testimony supporting this evidence,1 and the insanity end would be disregarded and the trial pivyteed. "Several witnesses described how the armed band came across the bridge at midnight and took possession of the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry. They .described in detail the stirring events of October 16, 17 and 18. The raiders took possession of one of the nearby plantations and made t*e slaves and plantation owners all pr.?oners 01 war. ine mgn~ express train was held up cn the bridge and the porter shot.. Men were shot down 'n the street, witnesses said, and the mayor killed. Militia companies were ha?tilyv summoned from Martinsburg, Shepherdstown and Charles Town. Fort Is Established "Finally the remnants of the Brown party barricaded themselves in the municipal fire engine house of Harpers Ferry. It was later known as John Brown's fort. " There they were surrounded by troops and escape shut off. Efforts to negotiate were futile. Flag of truce bearers from Brown's barricade were shot down or captured. On the night of the second day after he entered the town a company of U. S. Marines from Washington arrived. They were under command of Colonel Robert E. Lee, and Lieutenant J. E. B. Stuart, t who later became the two great generals of the Confederacy. "Brown refused to surrender and the next morning the tort was carried by storm. Brown and his surviving companions were captured. Brown was badly wounded in several j places. So were some of his comj panions. ''Among the town's citizens who were taken prisoner by Brown was Colenel Lewis W. Washington, grandnephew of George Washington. "The casualties of John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid were twelve kill!ed, two wounded, one escaped. Two of Brown's sons were killed. Of the ; attackers five were killed and nine ! wounded. "So-called damaging literature in| troduced as evidence at the Brown j trial were copies of the Constitution land ordinances drawn up by Brown | for the reconstruction of the constitution of the United States through j amendment and repeal. Letters from i Joshua R. Giddings, member of conI grcss from Oh;o and Abolitionist, were a part of the evidence. Arguments Begun <40n the sixth day of the trial argument was begun; the court delivered its charge; and the jury retired. Soon a verdict of guilty was returned. There was no demonstration in the court room. "The next day Brown was brought into court for sentence. He was asked if he had anything to say as to why sentence should not be imposed. His reply to the court was another landmark of this country's history. He said: " 'I have, may it please the court, a 1 few words to -ay. In the first place 1 dc-r.y everything but what I have alveady admitted?i.he design on my 1 part was to free the sLves. That ' was all I intended. Xow, if it is necessary that I forfeit my lif<*. for , the furtherance of the ends of justice ( and mingle my blood with the mil- i lions of slaves in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wick- j ed. cruel and unjust enactments, I j submit; let it be done! Let me say j one word further. 1 feel entirely sat- ^ iefied with the treatment I have re- j celved on my trial. Considering all j the circumstances it has been more j generous than I expected. Bui I feel ; no consciousness of guiit. Now I have done." Sentence Imposed "Then the court imposed the sentence, which was that he should be j taken to a place of execution on Da-; cember 2, 1859. and there be hanged : by the neck by the sheriff until dead. "Then on December 2 John Brown \ was taken five blocks away to a field j where a scaffold had been erected.; He was unperturbed and looked with j **4- >> w 4-1^/-. W n M C r\l /I 1 AVO iiiLrifist upun tut- man v ru.viicio about. He walked upon the gallows.; The black cap was adjusted and soon j he began the great adventure. "On December 16 four Brown fol-! lowers, named Cooke, Greene, Coppee ! and Copeland, were executed in Charles Town/' But what of Charles Town? It has j figured in history eince colonial days. It was the scene of hot fighting in early Indian warfare and in the Civ* i il war. It knew well the activities of General Stonewall Jackson of the ; Confederacy aVid "Phil" Sheridan of ! the United States army. The town was named in honor of Charles Wash ington. brother of George Washington. Many descendants erf the Wash- ( ington family still live there. Kibler-Baxter Miss Era Kibler of Newberry and j George Baxter of Elloree were mar-1 ried Wednesday at three o'clock at the residence of the bride'G parents, I by Dr. C. A. Freed. #Miss Kibler has j taught in the city schools for several years, resigning at the close of the : session. Mr. and Mrs. Baxter left immedi-! + nftar tVip curpmnr.u fnr thpir ; heme at Elloree. j James Fitz James Caldwell Chapter ; The meeting of the James Fitz I. James Caldwell chapter will be held j Thursday morning, June Sth, at j five o'clock at the home oi Miss Inez' Green. Attention is called to the: change of the hour of the meeting to five o'clock. Major. Caldwell is ex-1 pected to be with us on that occasion. Ida Mae Hayes, Secretary, j \ . * % A won pensioi degree< found i Cord tires, and at hut unusually Touring C U -0 Carol ir 4T9 Ad ickes-Moore Friends in Newberry have received invliv ions t*J a marriage 0:1 liie 1 -Ith instant at York, the announcement oi' which w:!! be read with interest, as follows: Mrs. Withers Adk-k.s requests the honor of your presence at the marriage of her daughter ? Jean Frances to Mr. William Sadler Moore on Thursday evening-, the (iiteentli of June at half after eight o'clock First Presbyterian Church York, South Carolina Dr. B. H. Maynard Pelzer, .June 2.?Dr. B. H. Maynard of Florence died this morning: at ^he age of 62 at the home of his daughter, Mrs. J. Ligon Simpson, here, with whom he had made his home since the death of his wif^ in December. He was twice married, ri.'?3 first wife being Miss Henrietta Matthews of Williston. Of this union four children survive: William May- ] nard, attorney of Baltimore, Md.; B. j H. Maynard, Jr., of Florence and ' Mesdames J. Ligon Simpson of Pel-; zer and G. W. Sadler, who is now Viof lrn nr? r>n tli.i niviifinnrv fields of Africa. One child by the I last union survives, Nannie, a daugh- j ter of 14. His second wife was Miss ! Bright Clary of Saluda. Funeral services will he held Sunday morning: at Pine Pleasant Baptist church in Saluda county, of which he was a member ror many years. BILLIONS OF ItOCUSTS Destroying Fields and Gardens Near Naples Naples, May 30.?Billions of locusts arc destroying fields and gar-J dens in the farming district six miles from the city. Within the past four days many acres of wheat, hops, clover and corn have been wiped out and it is estimated that the pests are ocinc-'i-irr 500 HHO elr> r>i o rra rlaiK* T o ct V4UiWUhV V4V* ? A J A-'MWV year a few locusts appeared and their egg.? are now producing a scourge of : insects which is covering the land in ; Swine places in masses a foot deep. The distracted population has implored the help of the government and measures are being taken to prevent the spread of the plague. The war stocks of asphyxiating gas and flame throwers have been hurried to the stricken locality. m While millions are starving along the Volga river in Russia, inhabitants of great areas of that country not remote from the Volga are malting and distilling their surplus grain and indulging in'drunkenness after a long period of abstinence, according to the Moscow Isvestiya. , \ ^ [ v ft derfully efficient sprir i gives the good Max riding comfort rarely in cars of its size and \ non-skid front and rear; disc steel wheels, demounta b; drum type lamps; Alemite lubrication; motor dri long springs; Prices F. O. B. Detroit, revenue to b /ar, ttoaaster, 3>?5:r, v^oupe, dijcv, oeaa; ia Auto Cor H~he Good ft FORD TURNS OUT f" SIX MILLIONTH MOTOR I Next One Comes Through 5 1-3 Seconds Later ! Ford motor number (1.000,000 was lifted from the assembly line in thef Highland Park Ford plant at 9:14 a.; m., May 18th. Just 5 l-o seconds! later number (5,000,001 was finished. The unusually heavy demand for: Ford cars and trucks at the present; time has necessitated the building of; 5-100 motors daily. These are shipped in carload lots to the various Ford! assembly plants throughout the United States. The first model "T" Ford motor was completed on October 1st, 1908;; number 1,000,000 left the assembly line Decembr 10th, 1915; and numbr 5.000,000 came through May 28th, 1021. Although the Ford Motor company turned out a number of different models prior to 1908, the present; numbering system begins with the first Model "T." VIOLA DANA AS A VAMPING DETECTIVE: To Appear in Novel Role i in "The.i Match Breaker"?Wrecker r r> or Romances Another of Viola Dana's delightful photodramas will be presented at the opera house Thursday, June 8, when "The Match Breaker," adapted from the story of Meta White, is shown. This Dallas M. Fitzgerald produc tion for Metro presents the vivacious star as a sort of a female Sherlock Holmes who finding she is only fitted to steal other girls' sweethearts} makes a professional occupation of it with the idea of rescuing susceptible males from the schemes of designing females. Among her first customers are a father and son and it is the exciting episodes connected with vamping the recalcitrants that gives the popular little star plenty of opportunity to show her peppy personality in her newest production. In the cast supporting Miss Dana are Jack Perrin, Edward Jobson, Julia Calhoun, Wedgevvood Nowell, Kale Tonerav, Lenore Lynard, Fred Kelsey and Arthur Milette, soiyie of; whmo have been seen in previous Dana productions. John Arnold, who has photographed Miss Dana's previous pictures han ? ? i ji ... * _ __ aiea ir.e camera lor 1 ne ;vxa^cii | Breaker." ' The continuity was writ- ten by Arthur J. Zellner, A. F. Mantz was art director. A -horse, 51 years old, is livnig at Catawissa, Pennsylvania. He is the property of a minister who has owned him for 35 year?3. The horse is be1 i /- TT M f] 4" /~v T-i /"i 4-l\ ^ rtl (5 A?>f TV* rt VI C+flM rtfl 1 1ICYCU LU UC tUC UlUvOt in CAlOtCIltW, "V""".~ Mil IMK * \ / / / lg suswe!l a if ever \ veight; ble at rim ven horn; e added: a, $1485 ? npany -I-- ? I Ki The Bugs and Before they Kill us Slug Shot Paris Green Arcana fa I oa niouiuiv juvu Stone cyphers Climax Flower, J 9 MMBKaaioanMaeMHHaB^iKi iaaSmgBESmWBI^^ ? Don't Spare in time of sickn< medicine must get well again, I depend upon ti the medicine the Bring your doci tion here, and yc what his order c up of the purest drugs, with cons and skill, yet ch; reasonably. Pro Mayes Dri Newberry, Member Newberry Chat II "ffurruiBs" 111 I III" *1 III I !! ! ' I ??????I ?w Vaiw flawLm ium uaiutit >E A u Bug Killer Spray etc. MnnnnHHJ * ,< ' , 1? * ; v r; I ' ; ' ? # the Spoon ;ss. Doses of be taken to >ut a lot will be quality of i spoon holds. :or's prescrip 11 , >u win get jusi alls for, made : and freshest iurnmate care arged for most mpt service. ug Store South Carolina I f nber of Commerce i