University of South Carolina Libraries
"Africa For Africc New Slogan Ft ! Mr. A. B. Williams Retells the Story j Story of the Liberian Expedition j Which Sailed From Charleston 43 Years A^o. s"' ' Them are a srreat many people in j Charleston and in bther parts of i South Carolina who will read with ! interest the following article by Mr. A. B. Williams, which appeared j in th^ New York 'Times of last Sunday. Mr. Williams is best i known in this state through his edi- j torship of the Greenville News in the ; '80's and '90's, when he made that j newspaper talked of far and wide, j In 1877 at the time of the voyage of j f which he writes he was a reporter on , The News and Courier and made the j trip to Liberia for this newspaper, his articles, after being published in The News and Courier, being collected and bound. Copies of the book, however, are exceedingly scarce. New York?and the country gen- j erally to a certain extent?has been ! reading lately about the ambitious! schemes of one Marcus Garvey. Gar-, vey, said to be a native ot jamacis j and variously described as head of a! large laundry-in Hariem, as president; of the Black Star sfeamship line, and as president general of the Universal1 Negro Improvement association, has Is been the central figure in large mass meetings of negroes in this city, and has been proclaiming a grandiose j program" for the race's future. In Madison Square Garden, on Au- j gust 2, according to the papers next i morning, "20,000 negroes yelled for 1 ... an Africa free from the Strait of ; Gibraltar to -the Gape of Good Hope, j ' 4 an immense negro republic of ne-! groes, officered by negroes, for the ' negro." Enthasiastic followers gathered] Garvey -afterward and addressed him i ' . ... ! as 4<your majesty." At tnese gainer-, lags a band of 40 pieces and ai choir of many \ !ces, male and fe-! male, furnish music, and red, black | and green banners of the Southern j African republic are displayed. Inci-! dentally (though this is declared not j to be at all the pfurpose of the asssm-! blies) shares o^ the Black Star steam-! ship line are Offered for sale and j sometimes purchased. ^ Garvey expressly denies that he is I v "preaching a wholesale exodus of the black race to Africa." "|?or me to do j that/' he is quoted as saying, "would j . be crazy. People don't care to give ! up their six and seven room apart-! ments in Harlem to sleep in a ham- [ mock in Africa." -As. he modestly ex-1 plained .it, what was proposed was j 4*to send some pioneers over there,1 professional and Jaboring men, to establish some kind of concerted plans ,, ~ ? _rll AuQ;n ; . wnereoy we win evcanwmjf vuw*.? t v independence of the 40.0,000,000 . ^ blacks of the world.". * -j Whatever the present scope of his! plans, Garvey, with his slogan of j "Africa for Africans," and word pic- j tares of a continent of negroes ruled j sv by negroes, is not quite original. An i ?$ undertaking along the same lines he j, indicates, startled the South 42 years j ago. Perhaps it was doomed to fail-' tire by the conditions Prince Deniyi! of Nigeria outlined recently in The i Times, but the disaster resulted from j rtum sins and blunders, and the ; following account of it is written j from personal knowledge: When the last of the reconstruc- j tion governments and negro power . had been overthrown in the South- j era states, by the election of 1876, a j number of negroes organized a move- j . ment for wholesale emigration of j ?fcheir race to the black republic of i Liberia, on the west coast of Africa. ; .The idea spread fast in South and j .North_ Carolina, Georgia and Ala-; bama. The "Liberian Exodus asso- j ciation" was created as a stock com- j pany. Special appeal was made to j the religious tendencies of the people.1 The negroes were to go out of Amer- j v ica* as the children of Israel went out j of Egypt. Africa was their promised j .land, flowing with milk and honey, j which they were to possess, Chris ' > tianize, redeem and govern, civilizing and utilizing the natives, instead of fighting and destroying them as the Israelites did with the inhabitants of Canaan. Many preachers seized the suggestion with racial enthusiasm and exjiounded it with apostolic zeal. With sweat pouring over their faces they let loose their imaginations and exhausted their vocabularies before cor^regations in! ? 1 A -l.' -L_._ i_ cnurcnes ana at camp meeimgs. Unknown thousands of shares of stock were sold, par $25, each share good for passage to Liberia. A great fleet was to be bought, owned, i manned and managed by negroes for the benefit of their owxi race, here and in Africa. Race resentments, political hopes, cupidity, indolence, religious spirit were enlisted. The ships were to carry emigrants and bring back African products in cease: less streams until the white people < i ins" Not A or The Negro Race were left to themselves to do their, own work or perish. Of course fig-! ures demonstrating vast and certain | profits were rolled out by the yard. The primal emotions and crude ambitions of simple hearers were stirred by every device of persuasion and oratory and all the tricks of voice and gesture. The plan began to take definite shape in the latter part of 1877. A "ship" with which to start the exodus was bought and paid for. To the inland negro there was no difference among things that would float and carry him, and the journey across the sea to the land of equality, rest, happiness and wealth : seemed but a few days of -pleasure' and novelty. The purchase was an old clipper built bark constructed for the fruit trade between the Azores and Boston, 412 tons. To; most of the stockholders this was a tonnage almost inconceivable and tlie announcement that the association actually was in possession caused, wild rejoicing and triumph. As no ( negroes capable of navigating were available, it was necessary to accept' a white man for the captain, and the two mates also had to be white, but; assurance was given that this defect would be remedied. All others of the! fcrew were negroes or Filipinos?"Mi-1 nilamen" as the deep water people j called them then. When" it became known that the 1 exodus ship was actually in Charles- j ton harbor and supposed to be ready i to sail, a frenzy of fervor and faith ; was aroused. Probably 5,000 ne- i groes of all ages?the number never! was accurately obtained?swarmed to Charleston to take passage on .a | vessel permitted by law to carry 20G.; Later it became known that many of the intending passengers had been j induced to take stock, or extra stock,: by private assurances that they should be included in the first voy-; age. There was intense and piteous. confusion. Families who bad sold, their little farms or few possessions: for anything they could get, follow-, ing the example of the chosen people by departing in haste, camped on. docks and wharves. j There they sat in silent groups day \ after day, looking at their ship which ; was to bear them to the almost! heavenly home, of which they had; been told. Many of them prayed con- j tinually that the lot might fall on them to be on the passenger list, fot it was understood by that time that; all could not go immediately. If they : had been white, people, rioting and attempts to lynch would have been j inevitable. As it was the illustration % of docility and credulity was remark- ; able. The few murmurs and pleas for, sDpeial consideration, for one cause or another, were meek enough. I^ven ! these were silenced when the laad-1 ers and some of the preachers--who ; probably believed all they were told i to say?went among the forlorn mul- j titude with many promises. More ships were to be bought. The | Almighty was to assure a marvel- j ously quick trip and ail would be j ready for another contingent in six weeks. Meanwhile, those to be left behind were to find work as they! could and wait patiently. The prom-1 ises were accepted, the exhortations' obeyed. Easter day of 1877 the bark's an-j chor was lifted and she started out, | every dock, wharf and point of view j black with negroes, cheering fran- j " - ? ? ...i ! ticany ana roiimg out aciuss mc: water in a wonderful volume of | sound Gospel and Easter hymns. Be-! fore the bar was crossed, however, J the government officials were com pelled to a distressing duty. Probably a thousand persons were aboard, j all with tickets and stock certifi-1 cates, some with notes and due bills j showing that after having subscribed j freely to stock they had lent the association all their small hoards of cash. Hundreds were selected, al- j most at random, put into rowboatsi and sent ashore. Most of them were! laughing good naturedly at their own ill luck hoping to do better next time, and evidently convinced that an attempt to overcrowd a passenger ship to twice her proper, capacity on a month's vovasre was an excellent practical joke. Care was taken to' avoid separation of families. Nobody ever knew accurately how many were left aboard. Men and women stowed away everywhere and their friends joyfully helped them hide and clamored and crowded to make a census impossible. The nearest count made the souls, including children, after the vessel was at sea, around 450, something over^ double the proper number. Provisions and * ater ran short, of course. No doctor had been provided and the supply of medicine consisted of what regulations require the captain to have in his * * mi. _ i z r cliest lor tne crew, ine enterprise i being of a semi-religious character, j home' demonstrai MISS BESSIE CA1V On Sentembei' 11 was the first ; < scoring day ior me ouia-r comes.. ' 4 Only four pounds were submitted for ; scoring. Those average a good j < sample of the butter Nev/berry conn-! i ! * ty can produce. So home demonstra- i ( tion and canning ciub members work 1 with me and lets put Newberry coun-; J ty* first among the counties of South ' Carolina in production of more and j '< better milk and butter. This contest; 1 is being carried on in other counties j t of the state and is proving success-, ' ful. In one county 59 pounds were 1 * submitted for scoring on one daj*. j t It isn't too late to enter the con- i test and compete for the highest \I prizes. Send in your butter; if you j '< have customers in town it will be do * Jivered to them after the scoring.1 Or it will be cold at a fair price or ] returned as desired. c Our next scoring dav will be Sep-.! i I teniber 25 at ladies' rest room in: the old court house from 2:30 to : 1 3:30. All contestants send in butter j ! so as to reach me before or at that j i time. Ail contestants and the public . are invited to see the scoring done. ; ] There are onlv a few regulations. J f I mnm ' " i.rr:T-?re=-?- '.XT2S2CSlff TK2,5?.*->. - v* liquors of all kinds were prohibited, i Tlie bail:, was fast for a sniior, but f winds were capricious. She was be- t calmed under the equator 20 d;tys' i out. Tiie passengers began to die. iirsi i one a day, then two, then three.!: Twenty-one of them were fciven i UUl ittlS iil t-ClJ .1. j l Ship fever developed and there was j < a pint of water in 24 hours for each ;1 person and a scanty dole of rice and;1 beans. On a faint nightly breeze the i -I bark was worked slowly into British j' port of Sierra Leone. The colonial j I authorities took charge efficiently. 1 Fresh food, medical supplies and at-: tention and new objects of interestj stopped the deaths. Before that,! s men, women and children had simply : t crawled into bunks and died, without' < noise or complaint, apparently not 1 even interested in life or death. De-;j1 parture from Sierra Leone under i sail was forbidden. The medical men s declared that another ten days at: t sea would probably mean the death r. of all hands. Then it \va:> discovered ! < that the more than 400 passengers, j among them could not scrape to- ( gether. the $600 needed for a tow to i Monrovia, the Liberian capital. They 11 had been drained dry. The tow was c arranged nevertheless. Unfortunate-! ly, the Liberians had gathered from ? the occasional English newspapers 1 they saw the impression that a colony i of rich and philanthropic American * negroes was on the way to tneir; c country. When the bark was dropped :} by the towing steamer in the road- j i stead at Monrovia all the native po- ; iiteness of the negro was needed to j ( veil the mutual disappointment, a When the arrived immigrants looked i at the heavy tropical foliage border- c ing the coast they sang together, in e a kind of ecstasy, "Land ahead! 1-~ 11 fruits are waving o'er its fields of . c endless green." When they went j ashore they noted, with consterna- ( tion and astonishment, natural to i non-nlo hrnncrhf. lin With Stl'ict ttO- { o ? -S tions of decorum, scores of their fu- [ j ture fellow citizens stark naked, male ; \ and female, calmly disporting them-! t selves in the water. They found a ! t shabby, scattered town, its ap- i t proaches overgrown with wild ver- j c bena six feet high, its stone ware-j houses, built long before by Ameri- j i can' philanthropists, desolate, aban- j i doned and crumbling. j t Every man, woman an world lias " Liver Trout Many of them Die fro realize it. No use in t' are learning better. 1 f -1 j_ j_t. .i. T\.. rr iounu out inau ur. 1 and Blood Syrup will Troubles''.' Will keep t and the Blood rich and r to try this old doctor's before "Liver Trouble" ly work on you?like i Get it from your drug s ^Son v Livei ii iu.^a/^3xcrji.?j.v. mijl^ \jumm\rrr~. uirw i ? J ?0N DEPARTMENT < . i iPBELL, Editor. \ jr.c is we advocate the usage of the ' ): it*k shape molti.-: (if it is impossible 'or you to secure a brick shape mold end your butter in the round ones). Saturday after the scoring of the cutter a pound was delivered to -a ustomer that remarked, "This is a, ie\v wav she has molding her butter." i before it had been delivered in the j 'country roil." For more attractive j ppearar.ce than the crock or "country roll,'' is more convenient and I ;asiiv handled and can be inserted' I ;;to a carton which not only pro-; ects the butter but adds great-y to he appearance of the pac-kage. If you are not desirous about comjeting for a prize send your butter ;o help bring the county a good :tandard. i The judges on September 11 were Miss Elizabeth P. Forney, state sperialist in dairying, and Mrs. J. M. iV orkrnan. The contestants that submitted jutter were M?-s. Cr A. Matthews, VIrs. D. B. Scare, Mr:-. II. B. Lindsay tnd Mrs. Jake Soa?e. I " Points in scoring butter: :?I-vor 45, texture 2.:j, color 15, snlt 10, total 1 CO ?rrz.vja rs-c an-ar.u: I The Liberiuns r.?; their side met. In- J teaci of .he expected finely (!; oloni:-,i.s witii yockels filled '.villi r-oiicy, :i ;-vo\v\l of tutterci: ions, poverty stricken and huv.^ry! happy? hopeful and eager. The r?imi<vrai;ts included a couple of >olit;cians, a pair of missionaries, ;\vo or three skilled mechanics*, the1 est small farmers and Held hands J"'- ' _ till" ptA.iii !? iVJtl! mill: mure uian cuc^y it was to the credit of the involun-. ;ary hosts that thoy accepted the un)leasarit surprise with good grace and rjmor and offered really kindly and losnitable welcome. T ' I The Americans found the nearest survival of the old Southern pianta;ion life and customs then on the jarth?including, in one instance, at cast?in a family with a historic Virginia name, the rosewood case of regulation dueling pistols on the keif eve:* the Waver!ey novels, in ;he room described as "the library." ; ['hey were to learn later that some ; >f thr-> most successful residents had ; )rospered by slave labor, hiring from; hiefs in the interio? yivr a few an-' . ' s raal barrels of hom^Briade rum, ali j he help they might i&ed for making i -ops. ~The bark got back to Charleston | omehow. She was sold under the; jonds put on her for^provisions, tow md wages, and neve* made another royage except as a .coaster," always . hanging crews. WljiLe she lay in j larbor awaiting sale the first mate,' i Massachusetts Yankee of practical! md inquisite mind, j?ent below one j lay, kicked a hole through her hull vith the heel of his boot and then} vent aft and resigned. He said he 1 lidn't understand how her mammas j ?ver had stood up. She had been j )cr.t to sea in ' that condition, jrammed with passengers. About a third of the immigrants lied in six months of acclimatization, | fever and recklcss use of strange \ ;ropical fruits. ' A few were re- \ sorted to have slipped away into "the ; )ush" and joined tip wild tribes j here. A few more gradually made! heir way#ack to America, chiefly by; he help of old friends and employ- j :rs. ? | Tim nfhprs remained in Liberia and j m unhappily small proportion by hrift and diligence prospered, while. he others vast dragged along. The | ip, g I d child in tlie |j| ; )le" some times. 2 m it and never ^ his. And folks \':f; TU An r< c\ -vs A r, V O TTA ZSi I .U.UUk5CU.lU.O liavo backer's Liver S|| relieve "Liver Wl \ he Bowels open 12 ed. You ought n gets in its dead- B j t did on "Bill." JB ne Sort of 1 Trouble!" Liberian Exodus association disap-; t pcarcd, none knew whe-n nor how. i \ There was no accounting nor expla- i < nation of where all the money col- ' jj lected went and nobodv ever knew I rI who got it. What books there were " made a fine show of system and dili- c tfence and strict methods, but the few ; v tentative efforts to learn something v from them were dropped promptly, i Nobody had money or time to put ex- ; perls on them or to initiate investiga- ~ tions of prosecutions. The enterprise ; simply scattered and vanished with- j out trace. ! ? I I Knocker?He's always framing any | certificates or diplomas he gets. o Bocker?Well, he claims they are ' ? the finest things in the world for hid- !!! h ing dirty spots on tne wall paper. 4 | Tcfpid Ii?er I * 0$ * S'O 55 pa gg Black-Draught "has no equal gy IK3 for headache, sour stomach, tor- gc* |j? pid liver and feverish colds .." ?f] s PO declares Mrs. Annio Whitmore, tiS of Gate City, Va. "It is easy to cfe ? take and does not gripe, as a ?? bp lot cf medicines co,;> she adds. * r>-p "It is good to take in a hoi tea c? t g$ for colds, or can be taken in a ?? 2 50 dry powder. I can't say enough Q3 2 il for Biack-Drri^:;i and il:2 sick- S 0 6* nsss ij cived as." j IS . ' _ II 0 c^a ?n pa Via M e C? f j ?i ^ y 41 ^ ^ * Pi spif i|Mif??!s : o .ig has been found a valuable liver t medicine,in thousands of homes, ?p gg "I do not use any other liver gjj ? g& medicine," says Airs. Alary 0. ca j' Bp Brown, c! Suropa, Aliss. "It is v splendid for sour stomach, a ?fj s bad taste in the mouth or torpid gg i , go liver. I keep it all the time, use ?a !. ^ it with the children and feel it g?| eg has saved us many dollars in g3 . SS doctor bills and many days in |g Insist on the genuine?Thed- S? el E.82 OOOOOOgQOOOQOOCCOOOOOQQOCS, , i CITY SCHOOLS BEGIN WEEK! MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, AT : 9 O'CLOCK. New students, except first grade,; will please report at the superin-j < ' THE NATION Ne From report Showing condition at RESOURCES ? Loans and Invp^tmpnts SI.5 Liberty Bonds and W. S. S 2 U. S. Bonds........ li Cash and due from Banks a n d U. S.Treasury l: 1 I | $1,9! Boa?I???n a?aae?iwaMB?aemmm < nL.'Ttrnf I To Our i-'riends: Our officers and i ... ciation ci your v sible the progre; A cordial invitat: their banking ho I., ' i I. Newb< tt. L, HATTHKWb, President. i State, Counl Member K ? endent's office at the hij;h school 'hursday niorni::ar, September 9th. 'enditiorcd students will report at heir respective schools Friday mornr.f/, September 10, at 10 o'clock, 'hczc conditions must be removed y examination before promotion ard is {riven. All students must be successfully accinated. This is a state law and ill be enforced. 0. I>. Cannon, Superintendent. (OTICE CF STOCKHOLDERS MPP'TIKP. rVF N'RWRF.iJiJY A1 - ~*LIANCE WAREHOUSE COMPANY. Bcj order of the board of directors f the Newberry Alliance Warehouse ompany, a meeting of stockholders 5 hereby called to meet in the town all at Prosperity, S. C., on October , 1920, at 11 o clock a. m., for the.* urpese of considering a resolution o dissolve and liquidate said cornany and to authorize a sale of its lot nd warehouse in or near the town f Prosperity, Newberry county, louth Carolina. John N. Feagle, J. L. Keitt, ' President. Sec. and Treas. i T rr TXT DniUADIA JL.X_?.V^ 1 lu; 1 111 X v/i>im\in SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 2o. Itate of South Carolina, County of Newberry. Whereas, one-th^l of the resident reeholders and r. i:k3 proportion of he resident electors of the age of II in the Pomaria school district No. If), the county of Newberry, state f South Caroline, have filed a pet;:on with the ccunCy board of educaion of Xcwber-y county, South Carlh;a, petitioning ami requesting that n ivc h?-i(i in tho said school on Iho question of levyin.tr a neeial tax oc two (?.) mills .a/n thrj axable property within the said eh col district. Now, therefore, we the undersignd, composing the couniy board of ducation for Newberry county, state f South Carolina. do hereby order !i'> board of trustees of the Pomaria chool district No. 2o to hold an lection on the said question of levyns_* a special tax of two (2) mills to ie collected on the property located :ithin the said school district, which aid election shall be held at the PoGasoline Engine Dra Do work of G to 10 me stops saw without stopping L to 12 h. p. end for catal ALL EQUIPPED WIT COLUMBIA 823 Wect-Gervais Street 1844 . Condensed Statement of SL BANK OF :wberry, South Carolin to the Comptroller of 1 the close of business ^ T L Capital Si rrr 001 nA Qnvnolnc cn 0 i i \J L4.X J. UU U/J divided 16,463.13 Circulatio 00,000.00 Deposits . Dividends paid ... Bills I 23,105.76 (secure L i b Bonds) j Rediscour r\r7 9QA ?CV JiyOUKJ.OV \ ! >wrhf w.??ii mamm -m iumcm e?mmom ohm mam mm organization unite jn e> aiued friendship which ss which, as an instituti ion is extended your fi me. NwnMHMMMiondnTfe>Mn n?uu?MMna I ./ iai DanK 01 5rry, South Ca T. K. JOHNSTONE, Cashier. ty and City Federal Reserve ' maria school house, in the said 1 school district Xo. 2G on Saturday, the 11th day of September, 1920, at I which said election the polls shall be opened at 7 a. m. and closed at 4 p. m. The members of the board of trusj tees of the said school district shall . act as managers of the said election. Only such electors as reside in the ; said school district and return real ur personal properly for taxation, and I who exhibit their tax and registration certificates, shall be allowed to vote. Electors fairing the levy of such tax | shall cast a ballot containing the word "les written or priisitfu mere! en, and each elector opposed to such i levy shall cast a ballot containing the i word written or printed thereon. Given under cur hands and seals 1 this, the 24th day of August, 1920. C. M. Wilson, 0. B. Cannon, J. B. Ilarman, | County Board of Education, Newi berry County. TEACHERS WANTED. For the Silverstreet school. One principal and two assistants. Applij cations may be filed with the under; signed on or before the first of June, :920. C. L. Leitzsey, Clerk of the Board. ! M. M. BUFORD is still selling lots in the Middle Georcia Oil & Gas Company at San-iersville, Georgia DRILLING OPERATIONS NOW ON ' EIG MONEY IN OIL Wn7 hesitate when the conditions are so favorable, when every lot pur chased at $35 each carries with it the right of participating in all promts and leases of the company. IVly headquarters are at \Vm. Johnson & Son's store. If more convenient drop me a card and I will call to see you. ;.j . Persons who have purchased lots would do weii to increase their hold1 i ings. Liberty bonds taken in payment of lets at market price. J We are cn the last lap in selling stock. Read Dr L. Boozer's letter V ori^the Middle Georgia Oil and Gas 1' company. i M. M. BUFORD \ * Ti g Saws and Saw Rigs n. Lever controlled clutch ? engine. Gasoline engines ogue. H BOSCH MAGNETO SUPPLY CO. Columbia, S. C. ??????? / ' . NEWBERRY X a ;he Currency September 8, 1920 IABILITIES Lock 100,000.00 id Un Profits 56,170.64 n 97,600.00 1,250,520.32 Un 120.34 'ayable d by irty 131,000.00 its 311,979.29 $4,997,390.59 [pressing their apprehas helped make poslon, we have enjoyed, riends to make this Newberry irolina W.W.CROMER Assistant Cashier. Depository System