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Five Minute Chats on Our Presidents . By JAMES MORGAN w * ' (Copyright. 1920, by Jamc3 Mors an.) THE FIRST DARK HORSE Q I 1795?Nov. 2, James Knox Polk born in Mecklenburg County, N. C. 1823-5?Member Tennessee leg. islaiure. 1825-39?Member of congress. 1Q90 /11?Cnu?mnr of Tennessee. i W?/-T I MV * Wi w - ? ? 1844?Nominated for president by the Democrats and elected. 1845?March 4, inaugurated eleventh president, aged forty, nine. 1846?July 17, Oregon questionsettled. 1846?7?The Mexican war. 1848?Greatest territorial con. quest in American history. 1849?June 15, death of Polk, aged fifty-three. ' ? JAMES KNOX POLK was the fir dark horse to win the president! . race, and his figure remains amoi the pale shadows in the procession presidents across the pages of hi sior When he was yet a boy the fa mi of James K. Polk moved from Nor Carolina to Tennessee, where he \v; too frail for frontier farming and w, pat' to work behind the counter of 'Crossroads store. After a time in th excellent preparatory school of lifo i returned to his native state to ent on/1 Via rrrnflnntpfl frnTTS t] vviirgc, uuu University of North Carolina. Becoming a country lawyer, he \v; sent to the Tennessee legislature; mu ricd Sarah Childress, daughter of weU-to-do man of business, and we: to congress for 14 years, in the* coil*' of which he became first the .Jacksc leader of the house and finally speakc Next he took his seat as governor < - Tennessee for a term. After havii been twice defeated in his effort obtain a second election to the ?ov norship, those defeats were imraec i" s iff } j , - f - " ' 1. V * X ' James K. Polk. ; v " ' ately crowned with the Democrat f Domination for president. It was in the first year of the tel graph, and when the name of Ch was ticked off as the nominee or ti Whig" convention at Baltimore tho wiseacres of Washington who still r garded Morse as an impostor said th the trick was easy, since anyone cou have guessed who- the Whig nomin 0 Would be. Three weeks after war when the inventor at the capit ?? spelled out the name of Polk as tl ; Democratic nominee the doubtii Thomases were convinced that ho w a fraud. They scoffed at such an a surdity and were not persuaded of tl truth until the arrival of a train fro Baltimore. : The obscurity of "Jim" Polk, whi< that smug, unsmiling, uninspired litt man of respectable abilities had pr served on the eminence of tho spea er's chair, was deepened by the shi Ing fame of Van Buren, whom ho hi displaced at the convention, and ^ . - Clay, against whom he was match | before the people. Those two state men had taken it for granted th they were to be the champions or the respective parties. History sv.spoc that they concocted in a friendly vis two letters which appeared su^picioi . ly close together a fid which were si piciously alike in discouraging the a nexation of Texas at risk of war wi Mexico. Van Bnren stood by his guns aga'n annexation, going down in the De:r cratic convention under the dispier Tire of the sdtithern slaveholders ai the alarm of northern doughfaces. 01 faltered in the campaign. Quibblir qualifying and tak;<pg a back trac he went down at the election und the indignation of the abolitionis who polled enough votes for th( third ticket to cause his defeat. Polk lost Tennessee at the polls, a is the only man, with the sole exc( tion of Wilson in 1916, who has bo elected without his own state. F several days the national election w in doubt, with ^he result hanging a complete count in New York, last it was found that Polk had e: ried the state by 5.000?thanks to t Liberty pariv, which had drawn aw more thar. that number of votes fr< "the '.stat compromiser." Henry C3 had compromise^ his last chance i the presidency. I umm n- .j . vr :.-: i "j'tjtwj.t.rg.1 *jm w pkij ^ 4czs rrr:? rr,|J -.. " ??^^ t'. Five Minute Char:s on Our Presidents I V. I? -Vv T By JAMES MORGAN (Copyriclit. 1HC0. by James Mnrs\n.) OLD ROUGH AND READY 1 :? C" * ?z~--0 I* H 17PJ Wnuo?v?rtan Ou 7^chf}PV la Taylor born i;i Orange county, Vo.. 1785?Removed to Kentucky. 1808?Lieutenant in the regular army. 1312?Fighting Indians in indiana. 1832?In the Black Hawk war in | Illinois. 1836-7?In the Seminole war in Florida. 1340-5?In command of the department of the southwest. 1846?May 0, opening engagement with Mexico at Palo Alto. May 9, Battle cf Resaca de la Palma. September 24, capture of j Monterey. 1847?February 22, 23, 24, Cattle st of Buena Vista. al 1848?Nominated for president *5 by the Whigs. 1349?March 5, inaugurated y. twelfth president, aged y sixty-four. th 1850?July 9, died in the White a* house, aged sixty-five. us a ?o ;it 7 ACHARY TAYLOR was the first Jlj army innn to be president, the er second being General Grant. A dozen 10 .presidents, from Washington to Roose ?*Alf Vin/1 cnAn tror C rsi-r-t r>L\ i.nf nnlv ; V V;i l) 11UU OCCil >V Ul CVi "? iV w 9 uut vmj m; 1S citizen soldiers. r.: At twenty-three he entered the army a as a lieutenant, and he remained in it nt 40 years, until he. was inaugurated president. Yet he had seen only a littie fighting with the Indians before his campaign in Mexico, where he comof manded perhaps not many more than i<r 6,000- men and fought half a dozen onto gagements, ranging from the opening .r- skirmish at Palo Alto to the battle o? li- Buenc, Vista. In this last, his little i i "i p?????????????? *1 II jmmmmm Zachary Taylor. I ic ' array of raw troops was outnumbered . j four to one. But he spurned Santa e- Anna's demand for his surrender, ami. iy "with a little more grape" from Captic ; tain Bragg's battery, he defeated the so Mexicans. ! e- j The commanders in the two Mexican at; campaigns, Zachary Taylor and WinId field Scott, were as unlike as their ee v. popular nicknames would indicate? d, "Old Rough and Ready" and "Old Fu%* at and Feathers." "Old Rough and ho Ready" remained throughout his army ng service a simple American soldier, a as capable officer in peace and a resourceb-' ful one in war. he Obedient always to the civil author-1 m , ity, he retained a truly American (lis-: 1 like of-military ceremonial and man-J ch ners. *e' He was as plain in his private life e~ and. with a wife as unaffected as him-! self. This devoted companion made he/! n" home with him in military stockade ^ and tents, sending her children asj ?* they came along back to the care of, 0(1 relatives, but refusing to be parted >s" from her husband, at 1 Like every man who has heard the seductive suggestion of his name for J the presidency, Taylor was not lens j ^ in yielding to it. lievising his own; * poor opinion of his qualitications in j n_ the light of their higher appraisal by > others, he came to regard himself as! the people's candidate and he an-j nmineed that he would run as such! ist * t(V even if no party should nominate fcim. | ls.1 The party preference of the old sol-1 ncj dier was in doubt, with no other clue j to it except his brother's illuminating; remark that Zachary liked Henry Clay j ?]C) and American-made clothes. The :Cr Whigs nominated him without knowing i ts, where he stood on any question and! ?ir they made no platform l'or him to: stand on. It was a merry game with j n(] the great problems that confronted the j >p. cation. on After they had nominated Taylor,; 'or the Whigs became fearful for a time! as that the joke was on them. While on they waited and no word came from j At their nominee at Baton Rouge, they ir- took alarm lest he would noi; accept h< the honor from their party. But he a? had not received their letter of notifi- j >rc cation. For they had neglected to prea? pay t'jo postage on it, and "Old Jtougii foi and Heady" warefusing to receivo ! ? all uiii'.iid mail. j Five Minute Chats on Our Presidents j . Ey JAMES MORGAN (Copyright, 132-"), l>v JntTifs Morgan.) > t A SECOND-HAND PRESIDENT j O. - -^==^=r^====zzO I tj JJ 1800?Jan. 7, MilianJ Fillmore, j bom in Cayuga county, New York. , j | 1S2S-31?Member of New York assembly. 1833-35, 1837-43 Member of congress. 1848?Electcd vice president. 1850?July 9, sworn in as thirteenth president, aged fifty. Sent Commodore Perry to Japan. 1852?Defeated for nomination. 1856?Nominated for president by Knownothings and Whigs, and defeated. 1874?March 8, died at Buffalo, aged seventy-four. O . -0 Millard fillmore, the second vice president to be promoted by death, was the most commonplace president even in a K.'enty-year period when the presidency remained at lowwater mark. Tall and with magisterial front, but cold and hollow, he looked the part which ho played?the dummy of northern trimmers in politics and of southern traffickers in slaves. A fable of the day hit off the truth. The new president must have a carriage, and "Old Edward" Moran, a "White House attendant in many administrations, took him to see a handsome outfit, whose owner was leaving Washington and would sell it at a bargain. ; "This is all very well, Edward," Fillmore mused, according to the pop-. ular yarn; "but how would it do for the president of the United States' to ride around in a second-hand carriage?" ] "But, sure," argued "Old Edward," "Your Ixellency is only a second-hand prisident!" In Jillmore we have another froni l 1 ??1 I Millard Fillmore. tier president. Ff>r western New York was an outpost when ho was f>orn there of Now England parents. After receiving about the same kind of, schooling as our other log-cabin presi- : dents, lie was bound out to learn the trade of wool carder. The one enduring act of the Fill- [ more administration was taken when ; it sent Commodore Perry to Knock at j the long-closed gate of Japan, and, ! with the gift of a toy railroad and a ' toy telegraph, to tempt the Japanese : to come out of their hermit seclusion.! The rest is politics. As American men struggled to r;*^? j front th'i bottom in the more primitive j days of the country, their women of-1 ten failed to keep up with thorn. l?.v j the time half of Fillmore's p rede cos-. sors gained the presidency, tlu-ir! wives were either dead, worn out or : lagging behind. Mrs. Fillmore, finding herself with- j out strength or ambition to reign with i her husband, her place was taken by | a daughter. This girl of eighteen, i Miss Mary Abigail, was enough of a , new woman to have insisted <m tilting , herself by a course in a normal school j to earn an independent living. Being : obligated to teach a certain length of j time after graduating, she went on j teaching school oven after her father : became vice president. She kept at it j until her mother summoned her to1 preside over the White House, wtere she promptly induced congress to in-, stall a library, the mansion having j been until then a bookless desert. ! A month after the end of her bus-; band's term Mrs. Fillmore was dead. ! Xext Miss Mary died of cholera, and thrn, after a tcur of Europe, the I pathetic loneliness of a retired president was relieved by a marriage with ; a wealthy widow. Fillmore had tried to avert this retirement by an unsuccessful effort to be nominated to succeed himself.; Four years afterward he attempted j to break the retirement and return! to the presidency. Although he had both the Knownothing and Whig nominations hr* ran third in the election. He llvod on in his Buffalo heme until; the very .year when another Buffalo-! niai;, 'Jrover Cleveland, started for! the White House by way of the! shrievalty of Erie county. 7. ,JZ. - i . ' ft , Five Minute Chats j on Our Presidents By JAMES MORGAN k* 1 ? 14? (Copyright, 191'0, by James llorsan.) FRANKLIN PIERCE Q ? =0 18Q4?November 23, Franklin Pierce born 'at Hillsboro. N. H. 1829-33?Member of New Hampshire legislature. '1833-37?Member of congress. 1837-42?United States senator. 1847-43?Brigadier general in the Mcxican war. 1852?June, nominated by the Democrats. 1853?March 4, inaugurated fourteenth president, aged sixty-four. 1854?Tjfie Missouri compromise repealed. 1856?Pierce defeated for renomination. 1869?October 8, died, aged sixty-four. G. ? Q Franklin pierce was the second dark horse and the third New En^lander to enter the White Iiouso. lie was chosen not as a representative of New England, hut rather as an a sent of the south, and New Hampshire debated half a century hefore it grudgingly set up in the yard of the capital at Concord a statue of her only president. A member of the legislature at twenty-nine, while his father was governor, and twice a member of'congress, he was a senator of the United States at thirty-three. Resigning when his term had yet a year to run. he afterward refused a second election to the senate and refused the governorship The Mexican war tempted Pierce from his retirement and. as a brigadier general, he served with Scott in the advance on the city of Mexico. Returning to his family and a first-class law practice at Concord, General Pierce, at forty-three, had no thought fimf nnv further tmblie distinction awaited him. Pierce was elected in a more sweep Franklin Pierce. I ins victory than any other president l>.wl l??wl cin/.'x AT/^nrAn TTi\ h<i(1 thr? ll?tM , a i \> Aitivi mv ??<<?<. dale and the opportunity to* he president of the whole Union. With all j his good qualities of head and heart, j he was not broad enough to be more than the servant of a section, "of those who placed me here," as he ex-' pressed it. *; The new president's appointment of Jefferson Davis t<? be secretary of war identified his administration at the out-'; set with the aggressive faction in the south. Under its counsels Pierce not i only surrendered to the ambitions of; the slave power for expansion over j the north and west, but. also for its expansion into foreign lands. Slavery was, in its last' throes ev-' erywhere. Great Britain had abolished ; it in her West Indian islands, Mexico j had abolished it next door to our own slave states. Even Spain was tend- j ing toward the freeing of the slaves in Cuba when the American ministers to ! Great Britain, France and Spain met; in Belgium and issued the "Ostend j manifesto.'* That shameful document i proclaimed the threat that if the Span- | ish government should refuse to sell j us Cuba we would take the island by j force. At the same time congress at home was repealing me jusmiuh ouninu- , mise and wiping out the dead line j against slavery, which ha<i been drawn j a quarter of a century before. This threw open Kansas to a wild scramble ! between settlers who wished the new territory to be free and those who wished it to be slave. Then and there (he Civil war began. : "Border ruffians," as the north called the settlers, who rushed in from Mis- I souri and other slave states, and set-! tiers no less rough in their lighting wiio poured in from the free states, j quickly turned that primeval into ' "Bleeding Kansas." Rival territorial ' governments were set up by the two : factions, and Pierce threw the weight of the federal power on the side of ; those who were desperately striving to create another slave state. The whole country was drawn into ; the struggle, and the Republican party sprang Into life. At the election in the ; middle of his term, Pierce .saw the Democratic representation in the house cut down one-half and the opposition ; sweep In with a I)i? majority. SPECIAL ELECTION IN POMARIA | 5CHCOL DiS'ii;iC'l i\G. 2(>. ' 1 State ui Suti.ii Carjlina, County ul: Newberry. Whereas, one-th^l 01 the resilient! freeholders and v. i.ke proportion oL" | the resident electors o? tne age of ^1 in the 1'omaria school district No. j JH, the county of Newberry, stale t of South Carolina, have tiled a peti-! tion with the county board of cduca-1 tior. of Newberry county, South Car-; cl'ira, petitioning ar.d requesting th:it an election be held in the said school district 011 the question of levying aj special tax oi two <z> nuns ens taxable property within the said 1 school district. Now, therefore, we the undersigned, composing the county board of,' education for Newberry county, state ! of South Carolina, do hereby order j [ the board of trustees of the Pomaria | school district No. 20 to hold an! election on the said question of levy-. ing a special tax of two (2) mills to * be collected on the property located 1 within the said school district, which ' 1 said election shall be held at the Po- ? maria school house, in the said 1 school district No. 2G on Saturday, ? the 11th nay of September, 11)20, at j which said election the polls rhall be opened at 7 a. m. and closed at 4 p. m. The members of the board of trus-1 * I A r-, Ua/vI A t erf pIi q ! 1 1 ^ lui/s ui t:iu daiu iAiiui/i 1110ii iv t oii'tix j act as managers of the said election. [ Only such electors as reside in the i ^ said school district and return real i or personal property for taxation, and ' who exhibit their tax and registration certificate?, shall be allowed, to vote. Electors favoring the levy of",such tax shall cast a ballot containing the !" word 4,Yes"' written or printed there-;! on, and each elector opposed to such | levy shall erst a ballot containing the i word "Mo'' written or printed there- j( on. j /"<: .1? i 1 i 1? 1 v vi:\ uII u/icer uui J;.;U M' UO ; ( this, ii:o 211 h day of August, 1920. ; j C. M. Wilson, I: 0. B. Cannon, j ^ J. B. Harman, I > Ccunly Board of Education, New-; ( berry County. j, i j Subscribe to The Herald and News,;? ?2.00 a year. * t ! t AN ELECTION TO REDUCE THE j < TOWN LIMITS OF LITTLE j I MOUNTAIN. Whereas, a majority of the free-1 holders residing within the incorpor-' ate limits of the town of Little*') Mountain. S. C.\ having petitioned the intendant and wardens to order an election to reduce the present limits of said town to its original or first area, viz: Commencing in the center of the C. N. & L. rai'read at the C. N. & l?. depot, at Little Mountain, S. C., and running one-half nvle north. e?.st. south and west, so as to embrace an area of or.c-half mile square. / rri r ii.? i iitreiurt) vve, uiu luttn cvun-n wi | r^oid town acting upon said petition, an election is hereby ordered to be held at Little Mountain. S. C., on the 4th day of September, 1020. ji SPECULATION *' One of America's DREW CARNF.G I by SAVING IT; r I falls. | THRIFT ihefoi ? l ! Make 1920 your ! START SYSTA& This Bank will ai< CUR1TIES in whi I Newb< b. c. matthfws. President. State, , Conn Membei i 1 m Votine: plr.ee to be at R. P. Huff-; nan's store from 8 a. m. t'll 1 p. m.! R. P. Huffman, P I). Bolnnri, c; E. C. Shealy, si Managers. ; JCarh voter will be required to pre-' e.'il b is registration certificate T" ,:i>: receipt. . Uy order of town council. W. A. ('ou.ils. E. A. Wheeler, Intendanr. Clerk. 8-24-3t. r fi M. M. BUFORD ill Oi is still selling lots in the < Middle Georcia Oil & Gas Company c< at Sardersviile, Georgia )RILLING OPERATIONS NOW ON j? BIG MONEY IN OIL i Why hesitate when the conditions ; L ire so favorable, when every lot pur- j .c< :hased at $35 each carries with it tl he right of participating in al! jrofjts and leasee of the company. Wy headquarters are at Wm. John- J 0 on &. Son's store. If more conven-! sj ent drop me a card and I will call () .0 see you. j jy Persons who have purchased lots jj vould do well to increase their hold- Q. ngs. Liberty bonds taken in pay-j nenfr of lots at market price. j We are cn the last lap in selling ^ ;tock. Read D. L. Boozer's letter ;n the Middle Georgia Oil and Gas|jj. :ompany. 5; M. M. BUhUKU U. ! a' NOTICE OF FINAL SETTLEMENT | t; I n l Notice is hereby given that the un-1 ^ lersigned will make final settlement! s< ;f the estate of John C. Wicker, de-j P eased, in the Probate Court for; Vv s'ew-berry county on Monday, August! FJ )0th, IDliO, at 11 o'clock a. m., and J j* vill immediately thereafter make ap- J ' plication to the said court for final! ? lischarge as such executor. All per-! ;ons indebted to the said estate will ' ^ nakc immediate payment. All per-1 j sons holding claims against said es- j ;ate will file the same, properly at-1 .ested, for payment on or before'iaid ! j.j late, or said claims will be forever I / ;arred. II. L. PARR, Qualified Executor. I Gasoline Engine Drag Do work of 6 to 10 men. steps saw without stopping c 2 to 12 h. p. end for catalog ALL EQUIPPED WITH COLUMBIA Si S23 ?Wat Gervais Street " 1 11 1' 1 I - ?HT-TTT" T 'IT. PI??????? e Vain/ WILL ft Is Proved, 4* greatest masters ot HE, made his First T1 lot by looking for sp \ undation of practical! BEST YEAR in mat 1ATIC SAVING! i you in selecting th< ich to place your fun erry, South Car T. K. JOHNSTONE, Cashier. ty ' and City * Federal Reserve 5 ; TEACHERS WANTED. For the Silverstreet school. 0*i.? nnc'pa! and two assistants. Appiiiations may be hied with the under-/ ^nod on or before the first of June, D20. C. L. Leitzsey, Clerk of the Board. PFCIA1. ELECTION IN MOLLOHON SCHOOL DISTRICT, NO. 53. Whereas, one-third of the resident echolders and a like proportion of ic resident electors of the age of . venty-one years in the Mollohon y hoo). district No. 53, the county of f Newberry, state of South Carona, have filed a petition with the ;?unty board of education of Newf:rry county, South Carolina, peti- 1 or.irg and requesting that an elecop. be held in said school district on ie quection of levying a special ... IA 1 ""ill" *!ia tsvaklo Ul iU Ui \ t / IIII1IJ V>li lilb ^hocl property within the said school ^ istrict. Now, therefore, we the underfed composing the county board / f education for Nev/berry county, ;ate of South Carolina, do hereby rder the board of trustees of the [ollohon school district, No. 53, to old aii election on the said question f levying a special tax of four (4) tills to be collected on the ' proprty located within the said school istrict, which said election shall be eld at the Hollchon school house i the said school district, Mo. 53, on aturday, the 2Sth day of August, i !)20, at which said election the polls lal! be opened at 7 a. m. and closed t 4 p. m. The members of the board of rustees of said school district shall ct as managers of said election. inly such electors as reside in said ?hool district and return real or ' ersonal property for taxation, and ho exhibit their tax receipts and L'iristration certificates as required i general elections, shall be allowed * 5 vote. Electors favoring the levy 4 f such tax shall cast a ballot con- \ lining the word "Yes" written or rinted thereon, and each elector oposed to such levy shall cast a bal>t. containing the word "No" writ2n or printed thereon. Given under our hands and seals lis, the 11th day of August, 1920. C. M. Wilson, 0. B. Cannon, J. B. Harman, County Board of Education. Saws and Saw Rigs Lever controlled clutch \ ;ngine. Gasoline engines ( ue. BOSCH MAGNETO j UPPLY CO. . ; Columbia, S. C. .. C ;UESS What , * G R the Value \ business, ANt ' housand Dollars eculative wind y ALL fortunes. / iers of finance. 2 SAFEST SE { ds. ( m ww m Newberry olina W. W. CROMER Assistant Cashier. 1 i 1 i Depository ystem f \ ' . i