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President Wils Presenting T Declares League of Natioi Merely An Instrument; | Only Hope i President Wilson presenting the peace treaty and the league of nations to the senate Thursday spoke as follows: "Gentlemen of the Senate: The treaty of peace with Germany was signed at Versailles on the 28th of June. I avail myself of the earliest opportunity to lay the treaty before * ?? ?j 4.^ you ior ratmcauuii cinu tu mivnu you with regard to the work of the conference by which that treaty was formulated. "The treaty constitutes nothing less than a world settlement. It would not be possible for me either to summarize or to construe its manifold provisions in an address which must of necessity be something less than a treatise/ My services and all the information I possess will be at. your disposal and at the disposal of your committee on foreign relations at any time, either informaHy or in j session, as you prefer; and I hope j that you will not hesitate to make | use of them. I shall at this time, pri- j or to your own study of the document, attempt only a general characterization of its scope and purpose. "In one sense, no douot, tnere is \ no need that I should report to you j what was attempted and done at Paris. You have been daily cognizant of what was going on there?of the problem with which the peace conference had to deal and of the difficulty of laying down straight lines of settlement anywhere on a field on which the old lines of international j relationship and the new alike follow- j ed so intricate a pattern and were, i for the most part, cut so deep by historical circumstances which dominated action where it would have been best to ignore or reverse them. The cross currents of politics and of interest must have been evident to you. It would be presuming in me to attempt to explain the questions which arose or the many diverse ele ments that entered into them. I shall attempt something less ambitious than that and more clearly suggested by my duty to report to the congress the part it seemed necessary for my colleagues and me to play as th?' representatives of the government of the United States. "That part was dictated by the role America had played in the war and by the expectations that had i "been created in the minds of the peo- j pies with whom we had associated ourselves in that great struggle. j ^ i. r V>n i/irrerem rwuu|. "The United States entered the war upon a different footing from every other nation except our associates on this side of the sea. We entered it, not because our material interests were directly threatened or because any special treaty obligations to which we were parties had been violated, but only because we saw the supremacy, and even the validity of right everywhere put in jeopardy and free government likely to be everywhere imperiled by the intolerable aggression of a power which respected neither right nor . obligation and whose very system of government flouted the rights of the citizens as against the autocratic authority of their governors. And in the settlements of the peace we Jhave sought no special reparation for ourselves, but only the restoration of right and the assurance of liberty everywhere that the effects of the settlement were to be felt. We entered the war as the disinterested champions of right and we interested ourselves in the terms of peace in no other capacity. "The hopes of the nations allied against the central powers were at a very low ebb when our soldiers began to pour across the sea. There was *?vprvwhere amoncrst them, ex cept in their stoutest spirits, somber fore-boding of disaster. The war ended in November, eight months ago, but you have only to recall what was feared in midsummer last, four short months before the armistice, to realize what it was that our timely aid accomplished alike for their morale and their physical safety. That first, never-to-be-forgotten action at Chateau Thierry had already taken place. Our redoubtable soldiers and Viori oirenHv rlosed the eran 1IXC4X lli^O liUU MA* VV.VJ 0 A ^ ' ' the energy had Succeeded in opening for their advance upon Paris?had already turned the tide of battle back towards the frontiers of France and begun the rout that was to save Europe and the world. Thereafter, the Germans were to be always forced back, back, were never to thrust successfully forward again. And yst, there was no confident hope. Anxi'ous men and women, leading spirits on's Address :c reaty to Senate,j ? . i1 Id A I UtKCUi 4 ^ to Adjust Old Wrongs; , ror Mankind. < 1 l jOf France, attended the celebration i j of the fourth of July last year in 1 Paris out of generous courtesy?with ! j no heart for festivity, little zest for i hope. But they came away with j c something new at their hearts; they | i jhave themselves told us so. The mere j j sight of our men?of their vigor, of ^ the confidence that showed itself in 1 'every movement of their stalwart fig- i r\-r\A AtTAxiT + nr>'n r\-f tllDi'r SIVIHO1. + I uica anu cv bum ux vh^.a w. ...n t ing march, in their steady compre-;t 'hending eyes and easy discipline; in j :he indomitable air that added spirit 1 to everything they did?made every-jt one that saw them that memorable i jday, realize that something had hap-j pened that was much more than a f imere incident in the fighting, some-.t j things very different from the mere i !arrival of fresh troops. A great moral t force had flung itself into the strug-! > gle. The fine physical force of those jt spirited men spoke of something s more than bodily vigor. They car-; \ jried the great ideals of a free peo- :? pie at their hearts and with that vis- j \ ion were unconquerable. Their very c presence brought reassurance; their \ fighting made victory certain. c | Went as Crusaders. 1 i "They were recognized as crus- ."v aders, and as their thousands swelled i to millions their strength was seen to t mean salvation. And they were fit i men to carry such a hope and make, I good their assurance it forecast.; \ Finer men never went into battle and v their officers were worthy of them, i This is not the occasion upon, which p to utter an eulogy of the armies t America sent to France, but perhaps, j since I am speaking of their mission, j I may speak also of the pride I shared t with every American, who saw or, ^ dealt with them there. They were' c the sort of men America would wish s to be represented by, the sort of men c every American would wish to claim v as fellow countrymen and comrades t in a great cause. They were terrible 1< in battle, and gentle and helpful out v of it, remembering the mothers and a the sisters, the wives and the little.i: - ? mv _e n children at nome. mey were xree j men under arms, not forgetting their t ideals of duty in the midst of tasks jV of violence. I am proud to have had i: the privilege of being associated with t them and of calling myself their lead- j? er. a "But I speak now of what theyjs meant to the men by whose sides they jc fought and to the people with whom (1 they mingled with such utter simplic-;1 ity, as friends who asked only to be |3 of service. They were for all the 1 visible embodiment of America, j * What they did made America and all I that she stood for a living reality in * the thoughts mot only of the people of France, but also of tens of mil- * lions of men and women throughout^ all the toiling nations of a world * standing everywhere in peril of its 1 freedom and of the loss of every- 1 thing it held dear, in deadly fear that 1{ its bonds were never to be loosed, its! ; hopes forever to be mocked and dis- j appointed. i< "And the comparison of what they j] stood for was upon us who represent-; ed America at the peace table. It J was our duty to see it that every decision we took part in contributed, J so far as we were able to influence I i j it, to quiet the fears and realize the1 hopes of the peoples who had been j living in that shadow, the nations; that had come by our assistance to j their freedom. It was our duty to;* do everything that it was within ourij power to do to make the triumph of freedom and of right a lasting tri. . . I < umph in the assurance of which men' might everywhere live without fear..' Might and Right Confused. "Old entanglements of every kind , stood in the way?promises which . governments had made to one anoth-, (er in the days when might and right were confused and the power of the victor was without restraint. "Engagements which contemplated any dispositions of territory, any ex- 1 tensions of sovereignty that might seem to be to the interest of those who had power to insist upon them, ' #Xl A. had been entered into wnnoui ( thought of what the peoples concerned might wish or profit by; and these !could not always be honorably brushjed aside. It was not easy to graft ithe new order of ideas on the old jand some of the fruits of the grafting may, I fear, for a time be bitter. iBut with very few except ons the ;men who sat with us at the peace ta-; ;bie desired as sincerely as we did to!, get away from the bad influences, j Ithe illegitimate purposes, the demor-; alizing ambitions, the international i ! j 'counsels and expedients out of which ! the sinister designs of Germany had! sprung as a natural growth. "It had been our privilege to formilte the principles which were accepted as the basis of the peace, but j ;hey had been accepted, not because | ;ve had come in to hasten and assure j :he victory and insisted upon them, j >ut because they were readily accedid to as the principles to which hon>rable and enlightened minds everyvViPrp VinH hppn hrpd TVipv snntrp thp i onscience of the world, as well as he conscience of America and I was lappy to pay my tribute of respect md gratitude to the able, forwardooking men with whom it was my jrivilege to cooperate for their unfailing spirit of cooperation, their ;onstant effort to accomodate the nterests they represented to the i >rinciples we were all agreed upon. I rhe difficulties, which were many j ay in the circumstances, not often j n the men. Almost without excep-! ;ion the men who led had caught the . rue and full vision of the problem of j jeace as an indivisible whole, a prob-j em, not of mere adjustments of in-;' erest, but of justice and right act-! on. j "The atmosphere in which the con-? 'erence worked seemed created, not; I >y the ambitions of strong govern- j I nents, but by the hopes and aspira-1 ions of small nations and of peoples j litherto under bondage to the power i hat victory had shattered and de-1 itroyed. Two great empires had | >een forced into political bankruptcy, j tnd we were the receivers. Our task vas not only to make peace with the i i i i _ central empires ana remeay ine; vrongs their armies had done. The! entral empires had lived in open vio- I ation of many of the rights for, vhich the ivar had been fought, dom- j nating alien peoples over whom they lad no natural right to rule, enforc- j ng, not obedience, but veritable [ )ondage, ^exploiting those who were j veak for the benefit of those who i rere masters and overlords only by j orce of arms. There could be no j leace until the whole order of cen-! ral Europe was set right. New Nations Created. "That meant that new nations were o be created?Poland, Czecho-Slova- j :ia, Hungary itself. No part of an- J ient Poland1 had eyer in any true j ense become a part of Germany or s if Austria or of Russia. Bohemia j ras alien in every thought and hope o the monarchy of which she had so ong been an artificial part; and the measy partenership between Austria ;nd Hungary had been one rather of nterest than of kinship or sympathy. ^he Slavs whom Austria had chosen o force into her empire on the south irere kept to their obedience by noth- , ng but fear. Their hearts were with heir kinsmen in the Balkans. These eere all arrangemnts Of power, not irrangements of natural union or asociation. It was the imperative task >f those who would make peace and riake it intelligently to establish a j lew ordr r which would rest upon the j ree choice of peoples, rather than ipon the arbitrary authority of lapsburgs or Hohenzollerns. "More than that, great populations >ound by sympathy and actual kin to Rumania were also linked against ;heir will to the conglomerate Aus- . ;ro-Hungarian monarchy or to other ilien sovereigns, and it was part of ;he task of peace to make a new Runanian as well as a new Slavic state clustering about Serbia. "And no natural frontiers could be found to these new fields of adjustment and redemption. It was necessary to look constantly forward to our related tasks. The German LOlOIlieS WCXC tU UC uiapvocu vi. had not been governed; they had been exploited merely, without thought of the interest or even the ordinary human rights of their inhabitants. "The Turkish empire, moreover, had fallen apart, as the Austro-Hungarian had. It had never had any real unity. It had been together onty by pitiless, inhuman force. Its peoples cried aloud for release, for sue cor from unspeakable distress, for ill that the new day of hope seemed at last to bring within its dawn. "Peoples hitherto in utter darkness tvere to be led out into the same light and given at least a helpful hand. Undeveloped peoples and people ready for recognition but not yet ready to assume the full responsibilities of statehood were to be given adequate guarantees of friendly protection. euidance and assistance. Great Opportunity Comes. "And out of the execution of these Ejreat enterprises of liberty sprang opportunities to attempt what statesmen had never found the way becoming?July 24th?Coming ELMO LINCOLN and GRACE CUNARD in Universal's latest serial "ELMO, THE MIGHTY" ARCADE THEATRE Tuesday, July 22 j Hall Caine's Greatest Story ! "THE MANX-MAN" ARCADE THEATRE l! I r^ .. ) The Comm Of Newb< Condensed Statement of Coi Inn? 31 VMUV V ' Reso Loans and Investments $! Liberty Loan Bonds Overdrafts, secured and i Cash on hand and in Bai Liab Capital Stock - - Surplus and Profits Dividends unpaid - 1 A A I?1? U1V1UCUU 111/. TT uuc ifUly Bills Payable - - - Deposits ----* OFFl JNO. M. KINARD, J. Y. McFALL, - - * ? . J President. vice rres. ana v.asn The Comm "The Bank that alwc IS 9 Condensed C j . c The National 15; Newberry, S From report to the Con oi_ ??? r lit: ik. r knowing VAmuiuuu ai uic V RESOURCES l J I . Loans ana idtcsuicod ? f i,u^u,uiu.iu Liberty Bonds ami Treaswy Certificates of Indebtedness . . . 207,210.00 United States Bonds .... 100,000.00 * Cash and doe from Banks and United States Treasury. . . 126,697.79 $1,454,426.27 THE NATIONAL BAN) B. C. MATTHEWS, T. K. JOU President. State, |County an Fe/lam ^??fii IIM.IWI ?n??*^? ? ' 1 - * - - - ' - ' ^ ^ ercial Bank erry, S. C. nditaon at close of bnsutess ), 1919. , urces 307,873.80 154,226.13 $1,062,099.93 insecured 18,111.92 iks, - - 148,010.24 $1,228,222.09 ilities - - - - $ 50,000.00 - - - . 100.470.26 HI a AA - UiO.UV 1 - - - 3,000.00 - - - 170,000.00 - - - - 904,135.83 ' $1,228,222.09 rCERS IA R. H. WRIGHT, FLOYD BRADLEY jfl r. First Ass't. Cash'r. Assistant Cashier tercial Bank I lys Treats you Right" > ffl I 144 i Statement j )F _f M....L cum ui ncwuciiy outh Carolina nptroller of the Currency !lose of Business June 30, 1919 LIABILITIES ' \ Capital Stock $ 100,000.06 Surplus and Undivided Profits . . 28,294.1# CircolatioB 96,800.00 , Deposits 770,08333 Dividends unpaid 5,052.00 Bilk Payable (secured by liberty A iQ?nnnoA IMIUUd J *v?,vvv.irw [V Bills Payable and Rediscouts . 262,196.84 l > $1,454,42627 I [ OF NEWBERRY, i C. 1NSTONE, W. W. CROMER Cashier. Assistant Cashier. | td City Depository ? r* f I Keserve system