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, Governor To L On Hosp 1 SPEAKS IN PERSON ! BEFORE JOINT ASSEMBLY i 31 ANTING EXPLAINS POLICY AT ASYLUiiL > x- Discusses Question of Williams' Salary. Increase >ot So Large as flight * Be Exuected. - Governor Manning's address to the general assembly, reviewing the condition of the insane asylum, delivered on Friday, follows: Gentlemen of the General Assembly. B In my annual -message I stated that > I would transmit to you a special message dealing with the State Hospital I for the Insane. You have courteously invited me to deliver this message in H person. Permit me to thank you for I this privilege. At the outset, I wish to state clearly that in referring to the conditions wfcich I found there when a became governor, it must not be regarded as a personal criticism, but rather a statement of facts and conditions' as j 1 found them. I would be disengenuous if I did not make a full statement to you of this whole situation, and its needs. Former Conditions Intolerable. From personal observation I found, lflAt vpflr th a nhvsical condition of this I institution to be intolefable, if we are to Consider the treatment of these unfortunates as a solemn duty and as an act of humaneness and charity. The treatment of those patients was custodial, rather than that of -giving skilled treatment to improve their condition of mind, as well as of body. This condition was fully revealed to you fin an exhaustive report made by Dr. Herring, last year, through me to * you. I feel that it is necessary to repeat here what was stated in that document^ You, in a "body, at my invita\ tion, visited that ifcs'itution then, and the condition as shown by that report, and by what you foun-d there, convinced you of the necessity for reorganization of the institution, and a change in the treatment of the inmates. I am sure that you recall vividly the picture of what you saw then, v Yesterday I invited you to visit again this institution so Chat you could see for yourselves, in a measure at least, i what has been done, and is being done Hk usder the acts which you so wisely rv<Leca^ ot fho la-C+ KAJisinn fvf the leff (Kfla-ture. The improvements in the physical property are being carried on in a thorough and efficient manner, and Vben this work is completed I feel that # it win be an enduring monument to jour wisdom and humaneness in providing for the comfort and the improved treatment of these unfortunate citizens of our ^tate. Last year you saw the wre,t?hed condition, the discomforts and dirt in the ice!Is in which these people were con% fined. I saw, and you saw, how t'xie meals served were cold and unpalat - - - I 5 X able. You saw in tne woman s a-epariment, which was then the best departi men in that institution, the silent witnesses?that straps that were around the walls, that were used to restrain violent patients. , Mechanical Restraint Gentlemen, the temptation to me is to go on and enumerate tiie different {things that were revolting, but I have promised you not to do so. But I can not refrain from saying that in that -women's ward and as the ward that was tfeen in the i>est condition, you will irec&ll that in that ward for violent patients, there were 92 of those violent subjects, tfhey were confined in cells. We found that the first proiection was absolutely inadequate and inoperative; we found tie fire ihose could not be attached to the hydrant, because they dW not fit; and it simply is appalling k think what a terrible disaster would liave occurred had fire broken out. If fct3kat fire had occurred dn the night time, wit'n two nurses only, in charge I of the 92 patients, doe^ not require wry description from the to tell you -wiitat would have happened. I want to say to you "that under the <&anged treatment that .restraint for violent subjects is no longer resorted to; Jxut instead the kinder and more elective treatment by soothing meth ode; wiiere they are put in baths, and treated in simple ways, we find as tfie I result those patients shovred improvement both in mind and in body;Gentlemen, these changed that have been inaugurated there-are a result of your wisdom in enacting Jaws, "which made the. change possible; and I earnestly recommend the continuance of this work as necessary, it vre I. *? <**&cnarge our obligation; to tae&e unfortunate citizens, wfio Sxave tise MAefortone ia be afflicted in this way. Changes in Penoaael* Tbe acts which you passed looking U> the reorganization of this inetitu ,iawmakers rital For Insane I tion, and a change in the treatment' n.c i-ino mr.rtp it necessary. I ! in my judgment, to make important changes in t'ne personnel of the management of that institution. I wish to say here th^. I was confronted with serious trouble. You will remember, gentlemen, that this act' was pas-sed and signed on the last j night of your session; therefore, when the acts were before me in their rs+r- ,./mi no/1 orH/vnrnAH <r.nnA CIILliCtJ', ? UU llci\A aujvuiuvu v?.av? ? ^ . to your homes. It was not practicable for me to call you back here to make provision called for, for what you had done in part. Now, I want to say there is no special act of the legislature which fixes the salary of the superintendent except that in the appropriation bill : there is provision of $3,000 for the; salary of the superintendent, and of course thac fixed it. Therefore. I uni dertook to find a man who, by his qual- ' ifioations, and by his character and at-! tainment, and his efficiency, would be! able to put into effect the changes j .contemplated by you in the. acts that; ! you passed. < i 1 I made an honest effort to find a < j man for that salary?for $3,000. I j, | tried to find him for that salary, even | , taking into account the perquisites j which went with that salary. The perquisites which went .with it were as ~ "M ^ . ^"1-, ^ minsrintcn^unt Vl Q tVl?> ! j iVl ll> v\ ^ . 111C Ub v**w 1 use of a house, he was furnished lights, i water, fuel, he was furnished vegeta- j: , ' bles, he was furnished suc'n servants as I he needed, from the institution; he was j furnished a carriage and pair of horses, j and a driver, and he was furnished an 1 automobile; in addition to that, he had 11 the privilege of buying his supplies at j 1 the reduced rates that were secured in ' the purchases ot goods for the^institution. / A conservative estimate of the -value of these perquisites places it easily between $1,300 and $1,400 and the $3,000 I ffir T n H it llTI HAS j 7>d 1CI1 J iuv^u ax/a . - w _ x I sible to find a man, a physician, who j had, in addition to his professional knowledge, those traits and . qualifications of administrative and executive ability which, in my judgment, would qualify him to carry out efficiently the work of reorganization, change in the treatment of patients, and generalJ management of that large institution,! for the salary provided. Procuring- a Superintendent? What was I to do under these circumstances, when I thought of those 1,800 patients in that institution, suffering, as they were, from lack of | treatment which advanced and pro gressive skill and knowledge i-n that line of training gives? I felt that unless I got a man as superintendent who had those qualifications, the acts ! which you 'nad passed would be void and of no effect, so far as those patients were concerned. That was the situation that confronted me. What was I to do? We knew these patients would continue to lack those comforts and cares which an enlightened, advanced and progressive knowledge administers. There were no other funds I available for it. I could not c'nange j his salary?there was' no fund for it, no Drovision to pay it, and the ques tion then came up, at the same time, to me, was I to let those patients continue to suffer for the lack of that necessary skill in this institution; or should I make a personal contribution in order to relieve their suffering and improve their treatment? I determined, gentlemen, that I could I not endure t'ne thought of the continuance of the condition and ,lhe environment of those patients. Therefore, the only thing that I saw that I could do was to go to the bank and see whaA I coul-d do about tbat money tnat was needed. I was well aware of the fact that t'ne salary of an official of the state could not be increased during his term of office. Therefore, when I went to the bank and found it would take $2,375 in order to secure the services of a man who, . in my judgment, would fill the position, the money was offered to me at the rate of 3 per cent, so that I determined that I would make that contribution to this institution, giving my personal notes for $2,375, at >3 per cent interest, so as to pay tiie additional amount which was necessary in order to secure Mm. FTlhen I determined to fix the term + v. ^ onfdn/1ci.rit trw tiin fr/vm Mav \J 1 ULLT7 OUp^/4 iii vvr i um a* v? y 1, 1915, to February 15, 1916, at which time this honorable body would be in session, and I would then put the question fairly and squarely up to you, whether you would make t'nis provision for a competent and efficient superintendent, or whether you would be willing to let the institution lapse back into the -condition and treatment which prevailed there previous to his incumbency. ^ % 3 Now, gentlemen, I feel that I have been Justified in making that contri- ' bution. I want to say to you' that theP? is no act of my official life that has given me more gratification. Wften 1 have seen the improved conditions in that institution, the improved treatment, and ihe results of that treatment in those patients, I feel that I havo been justified in this contribution. I nave done it cheerfully! I have done it gladly. I do not ask to be reim bursed for this personal contribution j that I made to the alleviation of the j sufftring of these unfortunate fellow j citizens of ours. The consciousness of having done my duty fully repays me. Of course you realize that that condition can not continue. 1 could not go oh through this next year, making provision for the salary of a statcj. anH that resDonsibility Willi now rest on you. I want to say to you that the benefits of that work are shown in results which you find by an investigation of that institution. I want to say further, gentlemen, that the cost of maintenance of that} institution for the year 1914 was $316,443.59; The cost of maintenance of the institution in 1915 was $301,S68.42-, saving in operating expenses, $14,575.17. "rn? - ~~ f >11.^11 (r'nf /irar f T\nm thp fl.T)- ! J. II fc? aXIiUUHL UlUUgUL uiv? li V ?i_ propria tion of last year was $17,885. J Savins: in Expenses. Now, I want to caM your attention | Co the fact that saving in operating! expenses has not been at the expense j of the comforts of those patients. The i ' * average daily number in that institu- j tion through the year 1915 has been 117 patients more than in the year previous?than in 1914. With the in creased average attendance of 117 pa- j tients, the cost in maintenance has j been reduced $14,575.17. The per capita expense in 1914 was $176.18, and in 1915, $170.92. I want to call your attention further to the fact chat besides this increase in average of patients they had added for the care of those patients 10 physicians, v.hose time is given entirely to the care of those patients, whereas before three regular physicians, giving all their time, were employed, and three for a part of their j time. * " ^ A ~ 4 a lr r>I Une or ine nrsi nemo ?>ia&t" up in the character of savings by Dr. Williams, after his inauguration into that office, was in tbe matter of the laundry. In 1914 the monthly pay roll in the laundry was $702; in 1915 it was reduced to $227 a month, making a saving for the year of $5,700. That work, instead of being done by paid negro women, was done by the, negro women who were in the institution, ' not by compulsion, nor by force, but simply by persuasion, and being glad to get the opportunity of having occupation rather than in sitting around in idleness all the time. When Dr. Williams investigated further he found that there were 15 ' " V ^ colored women scruuuers, v\ iiv tVA/n i \ care of the white women's ward at $10 each. per month, and six men scrubbers, who took care of the men's ward, at $16 each per month. These were discharged and patients in the institu, tion were glad to do that work. The saving in this item was $2,952 for the year. In the farm the cost of operating for 1915 was $9,127.49;- the cost of operating trie farm in 1915 was $4,682.66, making a saving in the operating expenses of the farm of $3,444.83. The saving in these items" gentlemen, amounted $13,296.83. Saying in Whiskey. There was another item, the exact figures of which I did not remember to take from the report of the previous year; but I want to say that whiskey, prior to Dr. Williams being placed in charge, was bought at that institution by the barrel. I want to say to you now that the consumption of whiskey in that institution is less than a quart per month. Permit me :o call your attention to j certain phases of this work which are simply obtained by personal interviews, personal contact and from my personal visits to this institution. When' the plan was adopted of giving occupation and diversion to these pa-i * " 1 A- At. I tients it was found mat pauems wi?ic who were simply indifferent, who lay there supinely, wiho had no occupation or diversion, when they were approached and asked if they did not feel like doing some work, showed an eagerness to accept it. ? ? * * * Occupational Treatment "I want to say that in the institution, following out the plan of giving occupation and diversion to the patients, they have now a printing plant where some of the inmates daily work; they now have a laundry where in mates do most of the worn; iney na-ve kitchens where #the work is largely done by the inmates. The inmates police the grounds, they have a broom factory and a mattress factory; they do knitting; they have a sewing room, making clothes for many of the inmates; they have printers, and' they are using many of the inmates on the farm, and in addition to that, gentlemen, there is established' a department tfeere of basket mating and fancy wort. * Six weeks before the "State fair was i held, they employed Mis? Austin in J that department. Miss -Austin came to!, look over the field. After seeing the I patients, she wondered if she could do! anything for them. They were lying i in thc-ir beds; she could not induce | them to gt t up fcr several weeks. She 1 i finally interested them in fancy work : and basket making. They greatly im- [ proved, and finally she interested 50 j of those women, who had been more i dead than alive and not interested in! ? anything, and they were eag. r in tne j morning when the hour cam*?, at which ! time they could begin their work. Gen- j tlemen, as a result of this, three of those inmates have been absolutely restored to sound mind and have left tne institution and have gone back to their | ;orars. Xow, I want to say this, that the number of patients who are now employed and gken occupation amounts to 809; that was the figure given in i the report a few days ago. Tj. It ^ 1- ^ J ^ n may wen now oe asH-eu. anct juu have seen what the physical improvements have been, how that has been carried on. You have seen there in the wards that have not yet been touched their conditions, those of you who have visited them, and I do earn- j estly urge that every member of this kgis-lature who has not been there will take personal interest in the work and feel that it is part of his interest and see ;hc benefits you are conferring on : these people. A Word as to f inance. Now I wish to say that since the report of the board of regents was made up?it was done about the 20th of December, at the request of the comp- ; tuoller general?they have found that they carried over this balance that I have alluded to?$17,885. iT.he request for appropriations by the board of regents was based on their information i and the figures before them on the 20th of December. Having been in conversation with some of the regents, I learn from them that inasmuch as tbey have found that they have carried over $17,885, they will cut out the item of $20,000 which tbey have asked for this year for the , matter of equipment. I, therefore, make this recommendation that you will pro- i vide for the maintenance of the institution the $325,000 asked for, which in-' eludes the salary of the superintendent and all o-ther expenses of mainte-1 nance; also provide for the $150,000 re-: quested for the purpose of continuing the improvements. Just a word here in reference to t'neir 1 asking for $325,000 where they used only $301,000 last year. Last year this work waft all new to them, and t'ney,; knowing that their expenditures could, not exceed the appropriation, necessarily held down every -item. They could not do certair things they felt necessary, because of this fear of exceeding the appropriation. You can realize that the eight months in which n-nd a cnnorin fort/tent fhftVP UKJCLL u. <XAAU l*UV> O u w w** v? v ?? . w been in charge have been active months indeed. They have had to go slowly, having nad to make these improvements step by step, and there are many things that they have kept down, .but those of you who have been to -the institution and have seen what is to be done there realize the necessity of furnis'ning the money necessary to carry on this work. As I stated to you, I feel that thej Tx ? ~ c ~ w? ? ? ? r\f + Vl T.O 1 Tl _ results Oi llic uiauagcwcui, \jl i.'-'ij **stitution have justified me in the -appointment of Dr. Williams. I desire to say in respect to Dr. Williams being paid $500 a month, that he does not ha-ve a single perquisite that went with that office; he does not have the use of the hou^e; he does not have the water, lights, fuel, vegetables, servants, horses, carriage and even an automobile. He lives in his own house, and he does not get one cent in perquisites or anything else from that institution, except the $250 a montn pro-' vided in the appropriation bill, and the money which I paid out of my cwn pocket, so I want you to bear this in | J Vhrt rn.riarinton H-Art f VlPTP^O UiiiiU UiOl. I.UC ? , fore received $3,000 and $1,300 or I 11,400 in these perquisites, conserva-1 tively estimated, whereas Dr. Williams j gets $500 a month and not a single j perquisite goes with it. Regents' Fine Work. I want to say just a word on another matter. I feel it is but due to the board of regents, who have given their time, energy and thought to the work of this j institution, to say of them that I do I x T 1A rn o T7^ i LI UL UtJlICYt? LJJL<XL X vv/uiu u.tt ? v wv*vww? a board who had more average talent along the several lines of their training, and that that knowledge was only to be equaled by their efficiency and ability which thos men have brought to that institution. j I have endeavored to give you a plain statement of facts connected with this institution. In doing this I have discharged my responsibility. The responsibility now rests on you to carry on efficiently and ably this great work. Economic in this institution will not consist in cutting off expenditures, but rather in seeing that the maftey is wisely spent, getting a dollar's worth < for every dollar spent, in giving better treatment to these patientRemember that they come from every 4 % I FVvr ! 50 Shares SecurityLoan pany Stock 16 Shares Mollohon Iv Preferred Stock 6 Shares Oakland Corni 4 Shares Mollohon Com / It is better to have it ai need it and not have it. Don't you want some F I A I !/ i a* A AGE / I ?*-* . *?r. * ' * bil1 *nd SSHr Red S (liy"horseawdBhie Sijjsgjpl It's something the horses anc appetite?starts the saliva 1 Far superior to an all grain mules a treat, and at the same Wm Our RED SfflRT (first grade) 1 r contains Corn, Oats, Ground Alf $5^ ar.d pure cane molasses, and anal 4x< Protein 10%; Fat 3%; Fibr I PeMONT HORSE & MULE MOLASSES <\\ 12%; Carbohydrates 55%. ^SWAMPf OX HORSE & MULE MOLASSES FEE I PERFECTION HORSE & MULE FEED <P?' Protein 12% ; Fat 3%; Fibre 12%; Carboh; i grain and ground Alfalfa MeaL ^ I RED SHIRT J x First Grade: A balance*1, ration contain ^ keeps them in good condition. Increases tl jfc at a reduced Cfcrt of feeding. Contains g IjF. Ground Alfalfa, Pure Cane Molasses and ^ Fibre 12%; Carbohydrates 60%. | PIEDMONT DAIRY FEED SgftSSSi | RID SHIRT HOG FEED We manufacture also RED SHIRT Scratc! M "SEVEN EGGS AWEECHEH MASH ? Rice, Cottonseed Meal, Cow Peas, Me Protein 18%; Fat 4%i Fibre 12%; < As shown on the bag* in our ad. nearl? products, even to the bags and twir Mm for Oats, Corn, Wheat, Alfalfa Wi also carry a full i ?yP^ ~ M ? Our feeds as sho* ?3/ / V on scientific princ 37 V M \\ greatest nourishx as IrZ^. u cost. Let us si || II / cut your ieea e JL ?chSLE< county and every seetfcn of the state, and t'iiere are few of us who are now representing the people of the state who have not friends and relatives in , this iDStitution. Is there any work i that can appeal to our human hearts j to a greater degree than tie care of these unfortunates? These inmates are in the institution by no will or act, of theirs, but are there by reason of j an affliction brought about by causes ' beyond human control. / It is our solemn duty and obligation to give these people the very best treatment and skill that can be found.; It is our bounden duty to make this { institution not only better than it has been in the past, but the best in the land. I do not urge this work in orthof it frinv hp nut down to the credit of the Manning administration, but arther that it can be put down as the result of your painstaking, kindly and humane thought for the welfare of these people. You can do nothing that will make a more enduring monument to your wisdom and to your foresight, to yoor -human* kindness az&f cfi&fftyi t -ahti laavft fhto rriAMer in TOW' hands, "wfth the confident assurance that, -with the full understanding of Sale and Investment Comp lanufacturing Company J -non Stock imon Stock - ^ ? t I nd not -need it than to ire Insurance? 4 ' V ' 1 iurton. NT. J ?l! Ml0ml =jl biagsgwl est thin* |Mi S8s ' i feeding %* <S T ^ " ^ m ? ES. It cot* . i J^rjaaanMPSootfTli^ baiM? up the rtoek. S , iHIRT molassesfet^b i 1 mules* like?gives them an #||&i "unning and aids digestion. igszgjp feed. Give your horses ana \ time save money. florse and Mule Molasses Feed \V#?| a!fa, made appetizing with salt ^^1 yzes as follows: sag I e 12%; Carbohydrate* 57% ( crrn Second Grade ? Analyzes: Prv wsvl ' tein 9.%%; Fat 2ft%; Fibrt |*| ft (3rd Grade) This analyzes: Protein 9%: SI - Fat 2%; Fibre 12%; Carbohydrates 55%*^I (fixed) We manufacture also a dry mixed (no 5? es) Horse and Mule Feed, which analyzes: |B rdrates 57%. This la composed of straight $1 DAIRY FEEt)' J * inz Molasses. Cattle are very, fond of it ?. >| ie flow and enriches the quality of the milk j| roand Corn, C. S. Meal, Wheat Middling; ;| Salt. Analyzes: Protein 15%; Fat 3%; |I Analyzes: Protein 12%: Fat 2%%: Fibre SB rates 55%. - * " J $1 )f Digestive lanKage, Urwuiu \>v? ?v ?.? fattening. Keeps the hogs in good condition. jfyt h Feed and BED'SHIBT Bab? Chick Fttd. jmhrnomposed of Ground, Corn, Ground ats. Ground Wheat, Barley, Maize, .vojll at Meal and Linseed Meal. Analysis: ~=3| Carbohydrates 40%. ^=^1 r all of oar feed is made from Carolina ie. We are, therefore, in the market Hay and any other kind of Hayitoek of GBAIN, HAT 5TBAW. m above are mixed 1 iples to famish the s aent at the lowest yb lown yoa how to // \? >ills down. Writ* fj j| ; rices, etc. g || ft Carter Co. \ 3TON, S. .he conditions of this institution ami of iis imperative needs, you will discharge that obligation in such a way that it will be a credit to you, representing the people of South Carolina; that it will be a credit to the State of South Carolina, and will sh,ow to the world that we are Christians Jiving in a Christian land, and recognizing the highest purpose to discharge our duties, both to God and to our suffering fellowmen. Attention Pensioners, I will be in the. auditor's office each Saturday in January to. prepare peaiCi HI anlrc Wiri/ywa whose husbands were on the pension roll do not hare to prove the service of their husbands, but have to sign the application and get the auditor's certificate as to property owned. Do not wait until the last day. W. G. Peterson, Pension CJommissionor. 1W Ottttr Tilt Mm Kit ftfftci Tto Hm* Because of itstoiilc abd laxative effect. UIATIVB BROMO QUININE is better than ordinary ~ nemnsiieil saf SSSiS^rR lo^ :or thr^iimature W. C?CVBf 25c. jf