The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, January 11, 1916, Page TWO, Image 2
GOV. MANNING'S MESSAGE
TO GENERAL ASSEMBLY
(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1.)
j
security established so that our atten-1
tion can be directed to tnose cun- j
structive measures which have been i
made necessary by changed and new i
conditions which have to be met and
solved if we are to advance in the
great race of numan achievement.
The number of deputies now provided
by law will not be sufficient to
enable sheriffs, magistrates and other
local authorities to prevent the illicit
sale of liquor. You must realize that
it will require i ?easing effort and
wigilance to prevent violations of this
law. There is need of new machinery
if this law is to be effective. I ask
that you will make adequate provision J
for the pay of special deputies whenever
and wherever needed to enforce
fnis law. The law must be respected
and obeyed; the law must be supreme.
I again pledge my best efforts to the
administration and enforcement of
law.
Superintendent of Education.
T nr\-nn rvi ar, r? tA T-dlTr crtPfMJll PfmSldeT*
JL V4 IV TV-rw?X ,
ation the report of the superintendent
of education. The work of this department
is most gratifying. It shows increased
enrollment, increased average
attendance, longer eerms. better equipment,
more and better school houses
and increase in the number of school
districts which are making special
levy. These facts indicate clearly a
greater interest in education by our
people t'nan ever before. This has
been brought about by a splendid co-{
operation of those charged with the
administration of the public school
system ? superintendents, teachers,
patrons and taxpayers. A continuance
of such co-operation will soon put our
public school system in a position to
remove from us ignorance and illiteracy,
and augurs well for the future
of our citizens in education and efficiency.
The policy of building up the
weakest units of school administration
fby increased state aid, s'nould natural *?
ly follow from the increase in local
support.
I commend to your earnest consider'
* - - ? ?* -3 ^ ^# ? V ^ /v oil
ation tne recommeiiuauuus uj mc superintendent
of education, for changes
in the high school law. The statistics
in his report are interesting, and
should be instructive.
Hie importance of the work in the
common schools can be realized when
we consider the fact that the -vast majority
of our boys and girls receive
only such education as can be obtained
in the common schools, and only a
small minority of them obtain the advantages
of college education. So that
if we are to obtain and educate the
large body of our rural population,
that training and education must De
given in the common schools. Hence,
I urge upon you the necessity for providing
for the work and efficiency of
the common schools, and this work is
of paramount importance. School1
buildings, efficient teachers and a min-1
imum term of seven months must he
kept before you as objects earnestly
to be realized. Education is the basis
of our progress, and the common
schools is the foundation from which
+ m nct rico fn
CLIl tru ULai CXA Auuub A Aku\s vw
manage the affairs of our state and
nation. We must ma>e secure tnis
foundation.
Compulsory Attendance.
I must call to your attention the fact
that the compulsory attendance law,
wisely adopted by you at the last session
of the legislature, has already
proven its wisdom; and though this
law is imperfect and deficient in many
respects, I can not advise important
amendments to it at the present time.
While -eagerly and earnestly anxious to
see every white boy and white girl in
South Carolina educated and trained
so as to make useful and efficient citizens,
we must deal with, this question
in a practical way, and we must not by
law require attendance where the law
I can not be obeyed by reason of deficiency
in equipment and facilities. The
iw extension of this principle has been as
rapid as its advocates anticipated.
In certain localities where facilities
were inadequate, the patrons have proceeded
at once to provide money by !
bond issue for additional school build-1
ings. There is every reason to feel
that this spirit will be manifested by
the citizens of other localities, and that
we may look for a steady extension of
the principle of compulsory attendance.
Child Labor.
I desire to again urge upon you the
necessity for raising the age limit of
1 children working in factories, mines
and texti7e establishments. The adoption
of a comnulsorv attendance law
Ibp the legislature, last winter, was, in
my judgment, a great step forward in
education. Experience has shown that
a large number of schorl districts
'have placed th ^mpelves una r :: operation
of this law. and a larger n- :n"ber
of school districts wi". in : '! : ' ?
ability, place themselves under its operatic]
within the nexr few months.
IJhxp?nence r.as snown. nowc\or. ;;;
school districts in which reside chil
dren working in the mills, have not
placed themselves under the compulsory
attendance law, by reason of the
fact that the minimum age limit of the
child labor law is twelve years, while
under the compulsory attendance law,
the maximum is fourteen years, so that
I the child labor law age limit of twelve
years acts as a deterrent influence in
1 Ai^rtfo i?*'nir?h I
ipreveuLiiig uisuaio m nuivu
this part of our population live, from
taking advantage of the opportunities
offered under the compulsory attendance
law. I. therefore, strongly urge
the passage of a bill which is now on :
the house calendar, Xo. 223. and that
this bill shall be made to take effect!
on or before August 1, 1916, so that t'ne 1
1 children who would be affected by it. |
will be enabled to attend school at the
opening of the school sessions in the
fall of 1916. These children have ai
God-given right to an education.
Supervisor, Mill Schools.
j At t'ne last session of the legislature;
you made provision for supervisor in :
mill schools, as a part of the educa- j
tional system of the state. The aim, in :
the mill schools, is to place them on a 1
parity with the work in the high
schools, rural graded schools and ot'ner
schools. If this is accomplished it will j
mean an increased self-reliance and >
l
responsibility on the part of the pat-1
. 1
rons of these schools. This work is i
important to many of our citizens, who j
are bone of our bone and flesh of our
flesh, and who are entitled to the same
consideration by the state that belongs!
to every other citizen.
I commend the report of the supervisor
of mill schools to your attention.1
and am confident that the efficiency in
this work will be more and more apMrpni
ss time eoes on. We can not;
afford to stop this work.
Teachers.
It is all-important that the public1
schools should be given adequate support
and sufficient appropriation to
meet the urgent demands that confront
us, and which are increasing yearly.
In this connection I wish to emphasize
two important matters. Permit)
me to urge upon you the necessity for
greater efficiency of those teachers,
who do not nave the opportunity of
having snAoial training in teaching.
The more efficient the teacher, the!
;
more effective the work of the pupils.'
I would urges therefore, a special pro- I
vision for a one-year course for train-j
ing teachers in a limited number of the j
high sc'nools of the state.
I call your attention also to the importance
of certification of teachers by :
a state board. iThe bill now on the|
calendar, known as the Nicholson bill,!
should, in my opinion, become a law
of the state.
Institutions -of Higher Learning'.
? - - - ,
Tiie institutions 01 nigner it^rums:
in South Carolina have grown steadily
in popular approval and usefulness to
the state. The number of students is
; larger than at any time in our history
and the work of these institutions
i grows better with, each succeeding
year. A careful study of their reports
and recommendations will prove both
interesting and instructive. In order
that you may better know of their work
and needs, I respectfully request that
you give these reports your careful
and thoughtful consideration.
Agriculture in (Common Schools.
From a personal inspection, the ex.
| periment of teaching agriculture in
i the rural schools in Darlington county
| has so impressed me wit'n its desiraj
bility and practicability that I do not
hesitate to commend this matter *o
your favorable consideration, and 1
advise that provision be made so as
to make this character of work possible
in other counties. This work
in Darlington is now being done by
the extension division of Clemson college,
in connection with the consolidated
schools in Darlington. The
teaching of agriculture in these schools
is practical, as well as scientific. It is
the training that will enable our boys
to makp a Drofitable living on the farm,
to interest them in farm work and rural
life, and makes the calling of agriculture
attractive in profits that will
enable farmers to secure the comforts
and luxuries in rural life that will
compare favorably with incomes and
comforts in urban life. In order to j
make this work possible, the question
of consolidation of schools will be imperative,
and, in my judgment, no wiser
expenditure of public money for educational
purposes can be made than to
provide salaries for trained and effi
cient teachers in agriculture in rural
schools. It must be remembered that
if training for future life is to be given
to a large number of our rural population,
it must be given in the common
schools. In my judgment, thp importance
of this subject can not be overstated
or exagg raled. and I earnestly
commend it to your attention.
Poll V/ei'v;!.
The foregoing on agric -f rural c''ucall:
u I:; ti e cor. mo:- . ' ' !- emp'iaf
; y t'rn! id icii of t1'
boll weevil. Xo way of ng or
destroying this pest has been discov
erea. i no 001.1 "vu is- me uovtu
of our chief money crop. Tt is now
m:1 < rf }' o South Carolina
line. Its appearance in our fields in a
short time seems to be beyond question.
When the boll weevil reaches
us. it will produce financial and agricultural
di.sa.-t^r, unless we prepare
for it by diversification of crops, by
proper seed selection of early varieties,
by raising food crops, by raising
cattle and stock. To change a large
part of our acreage from cotton to
I other crops will require education in
farming which will give better methods
j than now obtain. The boll weevil will
be upon us shortly; we must prepare
for it. The disaster which will accompany
the boll weevil's advent
among us will apply to farmers first,
but also to all classes and conditions
of our people, for agriculture is, and
will be throughout our lifetime, the
foundation stone of our material wealth
j and prosperity.
State Warehouse System.,
1 invite your attention to the consideration
of the state warehouse system.
The inauguration of this system has
marked a radical departure in democratic
government. It has given emphasis
to the protection of property
rights. By the warehousing of agricultural
products and providing a plan
whereby they may be gradually marketed,
it aims to protect the owner of
these products against conditions
which deprive him of legitimate profit
and which endanger the continuance of
agricultural pursuit on a basis that
.- ives adquate returns for labor, and
makes agricultural life profitable and
attractive. It is an.attempt on the
part of the state to help the citizen to
help himself. (This is in accord with
justice and humanity, and c-naraeieris'ic
of t'ne progressive spirit of this
age.
It is inevitable, however, that a system
that aims at revolutionizing the
marketing of our great money crop,
should not be perfected in its initial I
stage. Operation of this system has
demonstrated that it can be of great
and valuable service. It should be our
I
aim to perfect the system to operate
it on sound business principles, to pro- j
*? ?+ niroin T\/-v e Ol Vll ri ohllCPB H Tl fT t <"V I
ItUt It CL^CLHl UVOU1WAV - w
throw around it every possible safeguard.
Make the state warehouse re-!
ceipt a collateral that will be recognized
as safe, so that it will be sough:
after as collateral to loans in any of
the money centers and money markets
of this country.
The liability of the state should be
clearly defined. It is not necessary for j
me to suggest specific amendments 10
the act. It is well to bear in mind that
cur chief source of borrowed money is
to be had through the.federal reserve
bank. The requirements of that institution
should be met, both because they
are sound and resonable, and because
these requirements and these
safeguards will the sooner attract attention
in money markets, to these receipts
as collateral, and thus will be
sought after by investors. Tnis will
i eventually lead to the lowest obtainable
rates of interest. I refer you to
the question of ownership and management?the
manager of the warehouse
-r.oHIq rnppintc .shrnil-f? a
1DOU1UL& JLiVgUliU ViV/
disinterested party and not the owner
of the cotton stored, on which it is
proposed to issue negotiable receipts.
Accurate and reliable grading and
weighing by licensed graders and
weighers is of great importance. It
may be that these matters might best
! be regulated by rules and regulations
of the commissioner ana tue board of
commissioners, to which I will refer
you later, or by legislative enactment.
I regard it as essential that this system
shall not be dependent upon the
personality of any one man. The uncertainly
of death mawe this all the
important. The act sholud be amended
I to as to provide for appointment by the
governor, by and with the advice and
- ' - ^ . - * - V ?
consent or tne senate 01 a uu<uu wl
three commissioners, with the state
.commissioner as ^x-officio chairman,
whose terms should be for six years,
except the first appointees, whose
terms should be for two, four and six
years, respectively, so that a majority
of the board could not be displaced
during any particular administration,
except for neglect of duty, or malfeas|
ance in office. The commissioner,
i with the approval of the board, should
be authorized to make sales; but no
sale should be permitted by him or
them, individually or as agent, without
the grading and weighing by licensed
graders and weighers.
" - "? "? *? 11.-1 IU
! It is generally Denevea mut lucie
ha^ been, and continues to be, serious
loss to the producers from inaccurate
and under-grading. It may be advisable
for the state to adopt the standard
grading of t'ne United States governmest.
The state commissioner has succeeded
in securing lew rates of insurance,
which is an important item in the
charges of storing and carrying cotI
tor; anrl he should be given full credit
for the activity and effective work he
has dnoe to secure this reduction,
thereby making the warehousing of
? -
<:c. U: n :: -s c > JJCSSlve ami mure pruuiab!o.
About GO.OsO bales of cotton are
pt?-.v store;! in stale warehouses. The
commissioner has not boon obliged to
rse all of the appropriation made by
ho last legislature; and with the in
I Get <
. 10HG BURNING PIPE AMn
? Unde
f ^.ioarette tobacco t
' I I
I I I
1 .
1 1
i m
by R.\
-.
: .x:',i'Svv.
I
creasing amount of cotton stored, it
may be that this department can be
operated on a yearly decreasing
amount of money. I refer you to the
- 1 - ? - * ^ ?- -* V> A>*
re port, ot me eouimissiuiici iui luiurei
information on this subject. I have
gone over this entire matter with the
I
state commissioner, and he, from his
experience and observation, is entirely j
in accord with these recommendations.
Uniform Warehouse Keceipts.
Uniformity in state legislation governing
commercial and financial trains- !
actions, is desirable and important.
This is true of laws governing storage.
I
The Southern States should have uni-!
" t - ~ An pin of nf a crri/ >n 1 _ :
I Or III lciws uii w ai cuuuoiujj v/i
tural products; and an important step
towards t'nis would be taken by the
adoption of the uniform warehouse receipt
act, and I urged upon you its
adoption.
Land Registration.
I again advise that you enact a land
registration law based on what is commonly
known as the Torrens system.
This is a necessary prerequisite to a
system of rural credits. *A land registration
act will simplify the matter of
l.tnd titles reduce the expense of examination
ei same and furnish a simple
ar.d inexpensive plan that will
cheapen the cost of borrowing money
jj) real estate, thus making more practicable,
at small expense, the use of
? i _ a. 1 ?
iana as c-jjiaierai iui hmud.
A Torrens system deed gives tne
owner the secure feeling that the state
warrants his title and thus puts an
end forever to any doubt or fear of
litigation.
The time has arrived for definite action
on this matter, and I strongly
urge upon you the necessity for its
enactment at this session.
Rural Credits.
Forty-three per cent of our white
farmers are tenants. If we are to
build up our rural district, increase
the production of the soil, maKe easy
t'ne improvement of our rural schools,
churches, roads and all rural community
life, we must have a greater
proportion of our people as owners of
their homes and farms. No one factor
can contribute to this accomplishment
and this blessing more than a practicable,
workable system of rural credits,
so that homes and farms can be
t
bought on long-time payments and at
low rates of interest. This would furnish
our w'nite tenants the plan by1
which the money which is now paid 1
as rent for farms could be applied to j
I payments on farms bought. Every im-:
I ..4- ~ y.^ nrnrl nr>
; I' rU'V t IIH li L, t'l ) cU i U u iiucv; vuuu
tion is increased, would be for the
; benefit of the purchaser. After some
'years of effort, and industry, the annual
] ayments, little more than the
j
rent tne> now pay, would give them a
' fee .cim;::-\ unencumbered title to their
, home and farm.
I have pr; pared a plan to provide for
lorg-timc mortgage loans, repayment
of which is provided for on the amortization
plan; but inasmuch as a measure
of this kind has been introduced in
Prince Albert
such friendly
it just makes a man sorry he
and cigarette smoke long, long ;
quick as the goodness of Prin
i life! The patented process fix
md parch!
on the right-smoke-track soor
rstand yourself how much y<
the national icy .
It stands to reason, doesn't it,
nat
Watch your step! pre
It's easy to change the shape ha^
and color of unsalable brands
to imitate the Prince Albert oc*l
tidy red tin, but it is impossible ?
to imitate the flavor of Prince
Albert tobacco ! The
patented process ,
protects thai! i-OD
tha
it's
congress, with the strong probability
of its adoption, it may be unnecessary!
for the state, at this time, to act on i
I
this question until the experiment has
been tried out by the federal government.
But as a statement has been published
by the comptroller of the currency,
alleging that excessive rates of interest
have been charged by certain j
banks, and in view, further, of the
widely advertised statement alleging
exorbitant rates of interest being
charged for advances to farmers, I
deem it of great importance - that the
state should provide a plan for shortterm
credits for farmers, under which
money can be borrowed by farmers at
low rates of interest. I have drafted
a plan by which this purpose can be
ftn ,r? this nlan Will. I
'nope, receive that attention which
will perfect it go as to make it available
for our farmers. I shall submit
this plan to you in a later message.
This matter I deem of great importance,
for if the statements that have
been made as to these exorbitant rates
of interest charged to farmers are true,
then one cause for the failure of unprofitable
farming will have been discovered,
and it is our duty to endeavor,
to remove the cause of this complaint. |
It is manifest that no business can '
succeed that has to be operated under
such adverse conditions.
Good Roads.
It is apparent to every observer that
the roads in South Carolina are better
now than they were a few years ago. j
It is apparent, fiowever, to every ouserver
that we have not yet arrived at
that point when a system of building
and maintaining our public highways
has been satisfactory in results and
economical in operation. The fact is
many thousands of dollars are annually
wasted in ill-judged construction,
and almost negligible maintenance.
When we consider the importance of
cheap transportation in our rural districts
and that transportation is an
expensive item in our lives, it is time
for us to bend attention seriously to
the matter of road improvement. The
time has come when we should act,
and not deal in generalities on this
subject. We all admit the necessity
for good roads, and the economic ques- <
tion involved in them.
A number of plans "have been suggested
to bring about a system of
roadways throughout the length and
breadth of the State, with construction
that will be permanent and the cost
of maintenance light, and I commend
this subject to your earnest consideration..
We unquestionably need these i
highways. They must Do constructed 111
we ar to l:co]} pace with the prog- '
re?s of our sister states.
I direct your attention to the plan
offered by Mr. Reid Whitford of Charleston
as a basis of a plan for your
consideration. It mav be that a state i
registration tax on motor vehicles?
our supreme court in a recent decision
has declared that this can be dnoe
v-c* in
it
didn't get wind of this 1|
ago. Ha counts it lost l|
cs Albert gets firm set i|
:es that?and cuts out ^
1 as you know how!
)u'll like ||j
i urnr!
iWLfl IT^
smoke
that if men all over the f||
ion, all over the world,
fer P. Ac that it must II
/e all the qualities to |||
isfy your fondest desires? &
in, get us right on Prince l|
>ert! We tell you this |||
acco will prove better
.n you can figure out, 1|
so chummy and fra- K
mt and inviting all the j||
n . SsSi
le. v^an i cosi you mure m
hi 5c or 10c to get your |||
irings!
Cay Prince Albert everywhere n??|
tobacco is sold? in toppy red ^sss|
bags, 5c; tidy red tint, 10c;
handsome pound and half-pound ^
tin humidors?and?in that classy Ssafcj
crystal - glass pound humidor ,
with, sponge-moistener top that
keeps the tobacco in such great ||s|s
trim!
R. J. REYNOLDS
THRAffft fHMPANY H
Winston-Salem, N. C. ^
Cut Your Store Bill
Down One Half
Tens of thousands of farmers as well as
town and city folks cut down their store
bills one-half last year and saved money
in spite of generally short crops and reduced
wages.
Absolutely millions of dollars were
l?rp/1 HPH"PT*
?avcu clllli ^uuuuljo laiuiuva u'v? ~
than ever before in the face of the cotton
crisis and general business depression.
How were these burdensome store bills
cut down? By the real money-saving
power of good home gardens, rightly
planted and kept planted and tended
trough the season.
Hastings 1916 Seed Catalogue tells how
cut store bills down; tells about gardert
and farm seeds of kinds and a quality
that cannot be bought from your merchant
or druggist. It's full of garden and
farm information. It's free if you ask
for it. Write for it now. Ii G. HASTINGS
CO., Atlanta, Ga.?(Advt.)
constitutionally?can be so devised
to accomplish this great object, and I
commend it to your consideration.
Board of Conciliation.
Labor conditions in the state, particularly
in Greenville and Anderson
counties, have been acute during the
past year. The situation there shows
that we should provide some legal
machinery to investigate strikes, and
mediate 'between employers and employes,
I recommend the creation of a "board
of Conciliation, which will iiave power
to investigate strikes and to mediate
in their settlement; in connection
therewith., to have power to summon
and examine witnesses, to compel them
* *- J? ^4
to testify, to require uie prouucuvu.
books of record and papers, if necessary,
but, above all, to have as its
duty the settlement of industrial disputes;
and to make a report of their
work-to the governor, and through him
to the general assembly.
I deem it important that this board
be removed as far as possible from
partisanship and from political influence;
and I suggest that such a board
should consist ?f three members, to be
<->r,n/\ir> + o/i armimllv frvr a. t.Arm of one
Jfc/V/XAA cv^v*. j w
year, one to be appointed by the supreme
court, one by the governor and
one by the commissioner of agriculture,
commerce and industries; that
these members shouM be paid a per
diem for the time employed. In the
interest of justice and harmony I urge
the creation of this board.
State Federation of labor.
The State Federation of Labor desires
the enactment of a law creating
a bureau' of labor. I approve of progressive
legislation in behalf of labor,
and with the operation of a board of
conciliation during 1916, and tlie enforcement
of the laws which we now
have on our statute hooks protecting
(Continued on Page Three.)