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Senator Tillm Clemson C Washington, D. C.. June 18. Mr. Editor: In August, 1883, I at tended a joint meeting of the South Carolina Agricultural Society and State Grange at Bennettsville, S. C., in Marlboro county. as a delegate from the Edgefield agricultural socie ty. The depressed condition of agri culture in South Carolina at the time, with the well nigh bankrupt condition of a large majority of the farmers., including myself. had caused me to think very deeply on the stubject of farming as it was then conducted in our State. I had begun the active practice and study of agriculture in 1869 and had made money up to 1881, but the lands which I was cultivating were hillv and easily washed. and it be came very evident to me that our whole 1-heme of agriculture was wrong. The lack of rotation and the constant plowing of the soil. leaving it bare to the winter rains, could only result in final and complete im poverishment on hilly lands, with re sulting pauperism to the land own ers. Knowing that I had devoted my best thought and energy to agricul ture as a pursuit. I realized there was a lack of proper training in my own education, whieh had been cut short 'v the war, and while I was far bet ter advanced than many college grad uates I was woefully ignorant in many essentials relating to stock raising and the cultivation of the soil as a means of a liveliho6d. I arrived at the conclusion that we needed in South Carolina a different system to that in vogue .and above all the young men and women of the State should he trained industrially, keeping the fact in view that the head alo-ne could not supply the body. but that the hands and eves as well as the in tellect must be trained together for the best results. I believed the false system of farming which our people had been following must be changed if there was to be any improvement in the financial condition of the agri eututiral masses. I offered resolutions in the meeting advocating the estab lishment of a department of the South Carolina University for this purpose. I made a speech in support -of the resolution whieh attracted. -widespread attention at the time andI which met the enthusiastic approval of a great majority of the farmers present. Marlboro at that time, as it, is now was in the very forefront of -progressive agriculture in the State. The resomutions were voted down by the delegates and I returned home very angry and much disgusted. Having faile.d to obtain the sup port of the then leading farmers of the State who were at the head of the 0-range. the State agricultural de partment, an.d the State agricultural society, I set . to work to map out a scheme for consummating the pur-i poses I had been advocating, to wit: :the establishment of. a technical and industrial school in South Carolina, and began the discussion of the ques tion in the columns of the News and Courier itn a series of letter advocat ing a separate agricultural and me - chanical college. Fuller investigation and study had taught me that the joining of an agrrieul tural annex to an -older literary university had proven~I 2 failure in almost every case where tried in the United States. The Mich igau Agricultural college at Lansing, and the Mississippi Agriculutral col lege at Starkeville were so fgr in ad * ance of any of the other hybrid in stitutions, that I appealed with .all the power I possessed for the found ing of a similar institution in South Carolina. My letters in the News and Cour ier, written in November and Decem ber, 1883, received the endorsement of many hundreds of men from all ov er the State whom I had never seen, who wrote me to encourage me; and ~the result was calling a farmers con vention to assemble in Columbia to take into consideration the whole question of the management of the ag rieultural department and the better ment of the farming interests. This convention met in April, 1886. and was attended by over two hundred -delegates. A State organization was fornmed of which Capt. G. W. Shell of Laurens was made president and I wvas elected chairman of the execu tive committee. - The agitation for a separate agri cultural college thus took form and .the demands for it grew in volume. The people of South Carolina were always eager politicians and it is -al :most impossible to start any move ment for any purpose now, into which politics will not enter sooner or la ter. So far as I was individually con cerned there was no politics in this orzanization, but realizin that the 1e i..lat ure alo( ne( co)uld ac nd 11 ltha n~cu accomplish nothiag except an Reviews ollege History; an with the co-operation and assistance it, of the State governme-t, the move- to ment naturally drifted into politics. pa At the same time there xas a strong te, current of feeling looking towards re form in political cotnditicns, which were unhealthy because of great dis satisfaction among the pEople, who believed that there was a ''ring'' in the State, in complete control of our . politics and disposed to ignore' the s common people or masses, and to di- to reet and control affairs from head- 19 quarters in Chiarleston and Colum- th( bia. The News and Courier. at that PI time under the brilliant editorship of th F. W. Da:wson. was the leading news- nit paper in the State and in a way the se most potent factor in our public af- bic fa.irs. This condition therefore result- sal ed in a disorganized movement, by g0 the farmers, to control the democratic tat State convention which was to meet in July, 1886, for the nomination of I State officers. Gov. Thompson had resigned to accept a place in the treasury under 'Mr. Cleveland, and Lieutenant Governor J. C. Sheppard had succeeded to the governor's of fice, and was naturally a candidate to succeed himself as nominee of the democratic convention. He was op- boi posed by Hon. John P. Richardson, who had been slated for the place by the political clique which we had all come to consider as the "ring." 4 bet ;The p.romiinence into which I had ma a sprung, by accident rather than de sign, caused those of my friends in various parts of the State who were supporting my demand for technical and industrial education, to expect me to take a leading part in the strug gle for the governor's office. I was entirely green and wholly lacking in experience as a manager of political forces, but I lent what support I could command to my former school fellow and friend. J. C. Sheppard, a citizen of my own county of field. He in a way was as closely allied with what was called the ring as Richardson, and was so consider ed; but Richardson opposed the agri- fol cultural college while Sheppard prom-pr ised to support 'the idea, and this to gether with his own popularity gave thi him a very strong vote, but notm enough to prevent Riehardson's sue ess, and he was nominated by the convention. The "ring'' thus trium plied. 'Ag The legislature which was elected was also antagonistic to the separate college idea, but t'he current of feel ing was so st.rong that the politicians who were in control of our State af- SC fairs, felt compelled to do something; with the result that the State univer sity wats broadened to embrace an ag riultural and mechanical course, the va very thing which I had advocated at C Bennettsville, -and wihich had been sty disdainfully .rejected by the influ- 00 ences which controlled the Bennetts- le ville meeting. I The original lan d script fund de-th signed for agricultumil and mechani-th al education under act of congress i' of 1862 had already ben donated, one- dit half to the South Carolina Universityea and the other -half~to the Claflin Uni- to versity, and the Hatch fund of fifteen a thousand dollars donated for experi- tio mental purposes by the United States was also given to that college. An fre offi.e-r of the United States navy. Lieutenant J. R. Edwards, was detail- t ed to establish and teach the mechan- dre ial course. His departm.ent was in stalled in the large brick building' southwest of the South Carolina col' lege campus known -as science hall. I will say in pass;ing that Mr. Ed wards was a very worthy and compe tent man and as far as could be done made a fine star-t in teaching the me chanic arts, but there were none or few indication of any change in the curriulum or development of the ag riultural side in the univetis.'.v Lands were pu.rchased for experiment south Gf the city and two ota r <. periment stations we:e established. one at Spartanburg and one at Dar-r lington. The farmers advocated a searate college, with an experiment station at it. suipported by the twen ty-five cents tag tax on fertilizers. The establishment of three separate experiment stations, and the ag'ricul taral annex to the university gave the opponents of the agricultural college great satisfaction, as they believed they had completely hoodwinked the people and successfully side-tracked t Ithose of us, who advocated the separ- c ate school.m My advocacy of a separate agricul- cli tural and mechanical college which m should be devoted exclusively to tech nical and industrial training. combin- S ed, with such a curriculum of Eng li)h, mathematics and the applied Isciences, as would give the student a long start towarZl makingr a livin2, as soon as he Qraduated. had taken adee p hold(1P1 on the mind of the far m m...is ofth State and also attracted .6~Co 6.~ ~~ oCD o0 --D Announcement! This being our twenty-fifth year of uninterrupted success, we wish it to be our "Banner Year." Our thousands of satisfied cus tomers, and fair dealing, is bringing us new customers daily. If you are contemplating the pur chase of a Piano or Organ, write us at once for catalogs, and for our special proposition. Malone's Music House, COLUMBIA, S. C. TIME TO T EUN UP! Get Into Your Summer Togs. If you haven't any except those of last summer you will find here the kind you'll find nece.sary to keep the tone of your personal ap pearance up to that of the best dressed men hereabouts. Thin Suits, Featherlike in Weight, Like Iron in Wear, Underwear, Shirts, Hosiery, Neckwear, etc. Look us over before buying. Ewart=Perry Co. NEWBERRY UNION STATION !rrival and Departure of Passenger Trains-Effective 12.01 A. M. Sunday May 30, 1909. Rouithern Railway: No. 15 for Greenville .. .8.57a.m No. 18 for Columbia .. . .1.40 p.m. o. 11 for Greenville .. ..2.43 p.m. No. 16 for Columbia .... .8.47 p.m. C., N. & L.E. No. 22 for Columbia .. . .8.47 a.m. No. 52 for Greenville .. 12.56 p.m No. os for Columbia .. ..3.20 p.m 'No. 21 for Laurens, .. . .7.25 p.m *Does not run on Sundt.y This time table shows : he times a' which trains may be expt'cted to de art from this station, but their de parture is not guaranteed and the time shown is subject to elange with ut notice. G. L. Rcbinson. Station Ma.ster. HARLESTON & WESTERN CAR-, OLINA BY. Schedule in effect May 31, 1908. Ev. Newberry(C'N & L) 12:36 p.m Ar. Laurens 2:02 p.m. v. Laurens (C & W C) 2:35 p.m .r. Greenville 4:00 p.m. Lv. Laurens 2:32 p.m Ar. Spartanburg 4:05 p.m. Lv. Spartanburg (So. Ry.) 5:00 p.m. Ar. Hjendersonville 7':45 p.m. Ar. Asheville 8:50 p.m. Lv. Laurens (C & W C) 2:32 p.m. r. Greenwood 3:32 p.m. Ar. McCormick 4:33 p.m Ar. Augusta 6:15 p.m. Tri-Weekly Parlar Car line be tween Augusta and Asheville. Trains os. 1 and 2, leave Augusta Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, leave Asheville M~ondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. Note: The above arrivals and de. nartures, as well a.s connectionls witi 'Sher companies, are ziveni as no m.at,-.. a ai not 2enaranteed. TRESPASS NOTICE. trespcss ulon tie Ia"ls ot I:,e 1l. riinedl. l 1cated in Township 11. bY terin'- upon it, earrying., i)ft aekberries, pine straw. or ything else, or cultivating or by allowign their stock trespass upon it. Any one so tres ssing will be prosecuted to the ex it of the law. Monroe Leitzsey. 6-22-4t. NOTICE or SALE. D. W. LeRoy having made an as nment for the benefit of his cedi -s to Henry 0. Long on May 31, )9, notice is hereby given that on 26th day of June, 1909, at the late tee of business of 0 .W. LeRoy in town of Newberry, S. C., begin ig at eleven o 'clock a. m., we will 1 at public outcry, to the highest [der, unless disposed of at private e before that time. the following )ds -and chattels, of the assigned es e of 0. W. LeRoy, to wit: Four sider planer. iron vice. rip saw wood top. No. 16 turning late and tools. emory stands. moulding machine. grind stone. . 20 horse power Atlas engine. . 40 horse power James Biggs Co. ler. . cut off saw. ;2 feet shafting, more or less, with pulleys, belts, etc. UI buildings, brick, shingles, lum doors, sash and other building erial. one horse wagon. tenor machine. L shaper. morticing machine. L iron vice. rip saw. L grind stone. L Fay and Egfian planer. L motaor dry kiln, cape 10,000 feet L gig saw. L iron safe. L heavy two horse wagon. L drill press. )3e horse. 'erms of sale: Cash. r. Wistar Daxenport can be d on the ground where this perty is until June 26, 1909, and ltake pleasure in selling every ng herein advertised except the ehinery. Henry 0. Long, Assignee of 0. W. LeRoy. Geo. B. Cromer, ent for Creditors of 0. W. LeRoy. Winthrop College HOLARSHIP anid ENTRANCE EXAMINATION. rhe examination for the award of eant Seholarships in Winthrop llege and for the admission of new dents will be 'held at tahe County art House, on Friday, July 2, at , m. Applicants must not be s than 15 years of age. When iolarships are vacant after July 2 v will be awarded to those ma.k the highest average at Uhis exam tion, provided they meet, the con ions governing the award. Appli Lt.s for Seholarships should write President Jo'hnson before the ex-, ination for Scholarship examina ~ blanks. scholarships are worth .$100 and e tuition. The next session will m September 13, 1909. For fur r information and catalogue, ad ss Pres. D). B. Johnson, Rock Hill, or 'Fly" Time YOU'LL FIND OUR iLo Negligee Shirts ARE BIRDS. ey have that deep pointed yoke at means strength, that generous .t which means comfort and are ade with extreme care from ex isive metropolitan patterns which aans long and satisfactory service. sen Oulr Straw Hats Yet?' 81.00 to $2.50. wartPerryvCo BLO VtV SS! Do not fail to see my stock of Glass Pitchet,s, Tumblers, Tea Glasses, Saucers, Vases and Bowls. PRICES REASONABLE. Maes' Book Store, Moore's Modem Methods of Bookkeeping Quickest, Simplest, Most Economical A good Equipment to start with : Two 5x 8Binders TTLCS 1,000 Record Sheets (choice of TTLCS forty different forms) "76 2 Volume Cabinet (for holding books) $f-_ 40 Alphabetical Indexes We will be glad to show you how Moore's Modern Metho,ds are used. Teleph:one f.r a Cataloguze ELL3KT A -muL CO. Telephone 1 .00( L.At DW LL ST. 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