University of South Carolina Libraries
HENRY WATTERSON AS HE IS. Ono Who Knows Him Well Writes Intimately About Him. The following intimate picture of Uojiry Watterson was prepared by one wflio knows well that prince of editors and patriots: When, many years ago, Honry Watterson, then an unwilling member of congress from Konuteky, stated, in replying to a speech of "Pig Iron" Kelly, of Pennsylvania, tihat at no distant day from the ono on which ho was speaking, iron would bo produced in tho Southern States at a cost not -exceeding $8 par ton, ho was laughed at by his practical opponent, and Ins statement was pooh-poohed as that of a theorist and dreamer. And yet all the world now knows that shortly thereafter Mir. Walterson's prediction was mora than literally .fulfilled, and Mint Birmingham, unrestrained, is now able to dictate the price of that great commodity. Mr. Watterson know that ho was stating tho truth. He was, as Palrick Ilonry advised tho youug lawyers always to ho, sure of liis evidence. Il? was personally aware of tire fact that vast veins of workable iron ore?cooking coal and 'suitable limestone?constiluting all of the (necessary ingredients for the manufacture of iron, existed in immediate, unparalleled proximity in certain localities of the South. lie philosophically understood tho character of the people of this section and the changes which wore rapidly taking place as the result of the civil war between the States?loading U3 to become, in part, at least, manufacturers of the raw material at our doors, lie reasoned that wo were true Americans, and that, favored as wo 'wore, we would not, could not, fail to avail ourselves of such advantages, and that the unprecedented would certainly occur. Mr. Kelly made I ho same mistake about Mr. Wallorson that many others make, lie is a theorist?another name for thinker and perhaps lie is a dreamer. but ho is something more than both. Those who believe that they know him fairly well think him a brilliant editorial writer and a forceful, eloquent speaker with an intimate knowledge of National politics, loving his follow man, especially Kentuckians, jovially partaking with lliem of daily portions of a .hovera.uo. a product of Kenutcky, which gives Cue' Slate celebrity. This estimate is partly true, but appreciative friends of his calibre who have for years vnjoyed his intimate friendship know that such a characterization falls far short and is, in pari, wholly untrue. Mr. \V<alterson is a theorist be-! cause the greater part of his life has been devoted to a study and high appreciation of the writings of the sagos and thinkers of tho world? men who have outlined, in ono way and another, plans for the amelioration of our ills and the general betterment of mankind. Endowed with groat naturu'l aibiility, reinforced by .> energetic study and thought, ho has / ibeen able, to firmly lay hold of the *'ts salient, practical features of good in 1 those and to perceive and discard the > impracticable and untrue. If he is a \ dreamer, as many of our greatest t mien haw been, it is beoanso he has * always bolieved that the good proposed by these writers and thinkers eould be achieved in time, by an uplifting to a full realization of tlrair value and the ]x>ssibility of bringing about their fulfillment. His act ice life began at the seat of government at tho opening of tho givat struggle between the States of the Union. The end of the intervening forty-seven years finds him just as active, in the fullest possession of undimined mental and physical vigor ?in fact, with a mind greatly enriched by hard study and experiences more important and varied, perhaps, than those of any puibtlic man who can bo named, for it is not otlice but principles which interest and concern us, Itcfore, his active career began lie had thoroughly mastered a philosophic knowledge of his country's history and fully appreciated the trend of affairs, lie knew personally the leaders of thought, understood clearly the contending views, took an active part in the great struggle these brought on, and has since maintained a most intimate connection with public affairs, having acquaintance of a close, personal nature with friends and opponents who influenced thought and action. On many notable occasions he has himself been in the front, more often, however, the truest friend and adviser of others who wore fight ing for I he adoption or maintenance of principles for which v * he contended. No has steadily and powerfully contended for the personal liberty of the citizen, for the enactment of that legislation which would secure this i: \ and give to all the rightful returns for their labor. Ilo has always, with equal ardor, insisted upon strict obedience to enacted laws as the only safe mean's for the preservation of liberty and good government, lie has time ami again on platforms in every State in the union eloquently and convincingly demonstrated Uio true superiority of morals over wealth and before the same largo audiences has held up for the emulation of all citizens the lives and careers of those who had best served their country. Me has never failed in his graver utterances to be most punctilious in stating l'a'cts, and those who attacked the correctness of these, historical or otherwise, evemtually admitted themselves mistaken or were fairly convicted of being themselves in error. This arose, in part, from the extraordinary opportunities he has enjoys ed of getting at the real faefs, but more especially from a fixed belief with him that truth is the only impregnable basis on which to stand. Whatever the subject, his arguments, based on truth, have always been characterized by earnestness and ability, followed by conviction to unprejudiced minds. lie could not, of course, be the man lie is without a strong sense of humor and a wide range of imagination, and without doubt be lias often skilfully employed these faculties in waging some of the wars in -which lie lias at times engaged, but it is a serious mistake to give undue weight to these or the effect of their use in forming an estimate of his character, lie has, throughout his career, been 1 singularly free from sordid motives I or desire for personal aggrandize- i incut, beyond, of course, the pardonable desire to have the principles he advocated triumph. 11 is frequent re- | I'usal of high office and his rigid adherence to his belief in the right at the imminent risk of overwhelming j personal loss effectually negatives all charges to th.? contrary and forces a magnanimous belief in his sincerity. * ( Mr. Walterson entertains the pro- , foundest respect for religion, but he | also lias an intimate knowledge of Jhe j weakness id' human nature, lie him- | self clings to and earnestly strives to | instil into the ntiuds and hearts of all ^ who come under his influence a be lief in and steady adherence to the main principles?virtue and truth and all that their possession implies, lie does not regard himself, nor I j should he be regarded by liberal i 1 minds, as out of line if he happens to differ with acknowledged devout ; ones as to the most practical and ] feasible means of bringing all into 1 : desired conformity. TPe. tdlinks life : has its charms, and that a broadspirited. cheerful life is by no moans inconsistent with one of uprightness and strictest honor in all dealings, lie will, indeed, be a discoverer who lays bare any evidence of crookedness in his personal or public life. True, he may. on fit occasion, take wine, but that he has the habit of drinking the stronger beverage of bis Stale, as newspaper paragraphers are given to alleging, bis robuest health and present romwrkoble vigor of mind and very unusual bodily activity distinctly disprove. No one who beholds him can, for a moment, give credence, to any contrary statement. Tt is impossible for an appreciative person to spend an Jiour with him without feeling a distinct gain in intellectual pleasure or serious profit of some kind. His life so far covers the most interesting period of the nation's history. He has, as stated, known personally nearly every public character, particularly those who have impressed themselves on their times. TTis acquaintances and frie.nds have not been confined to statesmen, politicians and editors. There has. in fact, been no author of distinction, no scientist of prominence, no artist of merit, no actor of note, no musician of genius on our country's stage within the period named with whom he has not conversed on congenial subjects of moment and interest. With many of these he has maintained friendly, with others intimate, relations. TTe gave in the friendly exchange as much as 'no received. Conversation on such topics between those able to give, as well as receive, information and instruction, when reported in the actual words used, possesses to a reader so much more of interest than the ordinary writing that a biography in this form is of all reading the most entertaining. For this, among other reasons, we are accustomed to praise Hoswell's life of Johnson as the model. We are all prone to somewhat exaggerate the virtues of those of past aire*. sometimes to the detriment of j those of eminent merit among us. Kacli age should appreciate what it ' lias and preserve it in some form for those of the succeeding. With this | * feeling I have often regretted that some Bos well could not have been by on these occasions and recorded for ns in a true and lively way what was said. The period covered, the manifold matters of extreme mterest discussed by masters in the art, the accurate views expressed, would have given us not only a readaible book, but a very entertaining "brief" chronicle of our times. WILD HORSES. By Thousands They are Overrunning Government Forests Of Nevada And Other States. Now York Tribune. Wild horses (by the thousands are overrunning the government National Forests of Nevada and neighboring States, and the authorities in Washington are heweiged with petitions from stockmen and farmers begging them to put a stop (o the nuisance. A recent dispatch from Reno conveyed the intelligence Hint there are fifteen thousand of the untamed beasts upon the Tioynbe. Toquiua and Monitor I "rest reserves in Tjaudnr count v alone, and that orders have been re-1 reived by the forest rangers to begin > a systematic war of extermination upon them. This dispatch, although (twisted as in J arts, does not exaggerate the number of horses now suppos- , ed to be roaming at large in the districts mentioned. As a matter of probable truth there are a good many more than fifteen thousand wild horses in Nevada and I lie neighboring States, and every herd is a pest to I he owners of vegetation and domeslie stock. The part of (he tfeuo telegram which is not (rue is that relating to I he orders sent from Washington. I Wither (he forest rangers nor anv ' "(her employees of (he government j have been (old (o destiny (he horses, I ;uid unless they do receive such or-J ilers (hey will confine (heir energies I<) fencing crops from the trespassing mimals or rounding I hem up when hey appear and threaten damage loj1 h>' range. Indeed, if half the stories ! >rouglif to (he capital are true, all j he rangers in Uncle Sam's -servicer von Id have little chance of destroying the big herds that ;ire roaming j1 >ver (he Western States. Within (he last few years llievh iave increased to such an extent (hat ' n many localities (hey are classed as;' 'varmints," with wolves, wildcats! "id grizzlies, and every man's rifle | is turned against them. No fence is strong enough to stop these horses, II nd when (hey appear in force thev have been known to knock down and i kill cows and calves. After each visitation I roin a herd (he ranchman is I likely (o mourn the loss ol' his domes- I tie horses, and it requires only a few ' days' association with their new companions for the best broken animals to become as wild as (heir noma.lic comrades. A study ol I he wild horse problem brings lo light many interesting facts about the animals. The legislature of Nevada, it seems, passed a law many years ago specifically allowing hunters to shoot wild horses and to sell their hides for what (hey could gel in the open market. The law opened the way to a new and unusual industry, a-nd many men foun.l the killing of wild horses very profitable. Besides the work was exciting and gave the business the added zeal of sport. As time went, on and (he business of killing these "outlaws" (as the wild horses were often termed) on the langes assumed greater and greater proportions, stockmen found that Unprofessional bunders were, in manv cases, abusing their rights and were killing branded and shod horses. This put an end to t.Jve business, for on complaint of the stockmen (he Nevada legislature promptly repealed the 1 law. It is estimated that 15,000 animals were killed during (lie time that the law was i,n force. I his figure gave (he basis for last week's story. The report, however, had good basis of fact, for (he wild horse question 'has grown to be as serious in the last few \ ears as it was w hen the Nevada legislature was forced to enact the old law. The United Slides forest, service has not given orders for the killing of a single horse because it has no right to do so. The forest, officers of the Nevada national forests realize bow had conditions are, and will do anything to assist the stockmen to put down live nuisance. Any one who finally discovers an effective method to settle this problem will have done a great service for flu stockmen of every S(ale west of the Missouri River. As an old and experienced stockman, now in (he cmploy of 1 nele Sam, said of Ibis wild horse problem: "Theoretically if seems a very simple mailer to handle, but practically it is quite the re verso." On the ranges of many of th?* national forests ilia supervisors have been at their wits' ends for several years trying to devise a method to meet tho difficulty. Apparently an entirely satisfactory method" can not he found because of the inadequate estray laws now enforced in the different States. Under tire circumstances, the following .plan has been recommended to meet the conditions in the national forests: "If the presence of the horses is seriously damaging t<he national forest range and public sentiment favors such action, the supervisor may, lupon petition of a majority of the permittees of a grazing district, allow the horses to he gathered and disposed" of according to tdie State or territorial laws. In such cases the forest service will, upon recommendation from the supervisor, co-operate in the const met lorn of corrals or fences for the purpose of capturing the horses. ".Forest officers may drive unpermitted horses from the national forests jit any time, hut if the owners of the horses are known ami ownership acknowledged the owner should he allowed to adjust I he mailer hy paying the grazing fee. If he refuses to apply for a permit, then a trespass charge should he brought against him and the case conducted according to instruct ions. "I nhrainded horses may he handled according to the Stale est ray laws, but lores! officers can not he allowed to gather snob horses for the purpose ol using or selling them, nor cati they be allowed to collect any remuneration from any person for corralling unclaimed horses. The policy of tire forest service will he, therefore, to co-operate with the stockmen of Ihc State or territorial authorities when they lake the initiative in disposing ol wild horses in the national forests, bin the present laws and regulations do not admit of independent action by the forest service. I'lie wild horse problem is only one ol the many which stockmen have to contend with which the government is trying in one way or another to ;ol\e on lire ranges of Ihc national forests. Predatory animals, such as ivolves. coyotes, mountain lions and1 rtildcates, do thouands of dollars' kvorth of damage to slock each year in all parts of the country. On some ranges forest ollicers have to contend with rustlers, who sometimes succeed in stealing tlie great part of Ihc stock which the predatory animals do not kill. Poisonous plants are another nuisance which give the stockmen considerable troubl,-* in many parts of lire eounlrv. ("nele Sam lias always shown a dispositiun in co-<iperale with the stockmen in combating Ihcsp nuisances; in fact, lie is doing better than merely meeting the stockmen half way in flin work. On many of Ihc national forest ranges for flic last year rangers and guards have been assigned" to the work of hunting and trapping, wit-h the sole aim of killing off the animals that prey upon stock. The work has met with marked succc-ss, and hundreds of wolves and coyotes have succumbed to the bullets and the posion of the hunters. Each animal killed means a decided saving to the sheep industry, for it is estimated that one wolf averages about $1,000 damage <?ach year. Forest officers are co-operating with the sfoc.k associations to stop the stealing of livestock and run the. rustlers out of the country. The war on poisonous plants has been carried on for more than a year by the forest service, in co-operation with the bureau of plant industry, and, while the investigations have just been begun. if is already seen that their growth can be checked in many States. ' ' , If it is possible to check the wild horse nuisance as easily as the other : troubles which have bothered the stock interests, both the stockmen and lores! ollicers will find the western ranges rid of another serious drawback which helps to retard progress in the business. SECRET MISSIVES. Ovid, in his "Art of hove," leaches young women to deceive their guardians by writing their love letters with new milk and to make the writing appear by rubbing coal dust over th?s paper. Any thick and viscous fluid, such as the glutinous awT colorless juices ol plants, aided by any colored .powder, will answer the purpose equally well. A quill pen should bv used. The most common method is to pen an epistle in ordinary ink. interlined with I he inv/isible words, which doubtless has given rise to the expression, "reading between the lines'' MENT I ft OF NEWBERRY, S. C. I aniincr at the close of bus- S 9th, 1908. ICES $335,541 29 I 9,713 06 9 3,116 93 52,708 19 401,079 47 I $ 50,000 00 I paid) 48,958 32 I 1,247 00 ' 1,236 24 -f $ 1,202 71 .... 298,435 20-299,637 91 ? $401,079 47 I] O. B. MAYER, Vice-Pres. ;1 L, Cashier. ^ Our Savings Department. hoes, Clothing, everyup-to-date Dry Goods i lew and up-to-times. ison's goods, all direct ^ anager Lonnie Black, ?] city with a well ex- P)j nd getting the vest in ]4 i us, men, women and ^ Store open the 1 9th k&Son, j Prosperity, S. C. y, s. c. o receive your money, Bank, a Convenient lg Bank, we want you d satisfy yourself and | Dount with us. 9 si Time Deposits. i M. L. Spearman, Cashier. W. B. Wallace, Ass't Cashier, ier, Atty. aper it turned blue, and tire letters liowed in violet lines. The explanaiont :.j that note paper contains tarch, which under pressure becomes hydrajnid?" and turns blue in the >dine fumes. It is best to write on hard surface, say a pane of glass. * ulphuric acid gas will make the rriling disappear again and it can bo evived a second time. One of tire simplest secrct writings, owever, to which Professor Gross of ? 'ermany calls attention as being us(1 in prisons, is the following: Take a sheet of common writing paer, moisten it well with clear water nd lay it on a hard, smooth surace, snob as glass, tin, stone, etc. Af!*r removing carefully all air bubbles rom the sheet place upon it another 1 v.v sheet of equal size and write upn it your communication with a harp pointed pencil or a simple piece f pointed hard wood. Then destroy lie dry paper upon which the writing ' as been done and allow the wet pa er to dry by exposing it to the air, ut not to the heat of fire or the lame of a lamp. When dry not a race of the writing wdl! be visible. j hit on moistening the sheet again rith clear water and holding it gainst the light the writing can be cad in a clear transparency. It disppears again after drying in the air nd may be reproduced by moisten- J ig, a great number of times. Should lie sheets be too much heated, how- ' ver, tli<-? writing will disappear, nevr to reappear again.?Chicago Heord-3Terald. V STATE! OF THE COMMERCIAL BAN] Under call of State Bank Exi iness March RESOUF Loans and discounts Overdrafts Furniture and Fixtures Cash LIABILD Capital Stock Undivided profits (less expenses Dividends (unpaid) Cashier's Checks Deposits, Banks Deposits, Individual JNO. M. KINARD, Pres. J. Y. McFALl 4 per cent. Interest Paid in Dry Goods, Notions, S] thing that belongs to an store* Every article r No old stock, no last sea from New York. Our m spent two weeks in thai perienced man buying a market. All come to see children, we can fit all. for the first. etc. Next to Bank. WBWWnrill I ?? II II I WWMB??pmbc?? Newberr In looking for a Bankt v ou want to find a Safe Bank, an Accommodatir to consider this Bank an come in and open an ac< We Pay Interest oi J. D. Davenport. President. Edw. R. Hipp, V. President. G. B. Cronr in order to discover the true meaning I p i>f fi communication. letters written si with a solution of gold, silver, copper, t: lin or mercury dissolved in aqua for- si (is, or simpler still, of iron or lead in " vinegar, with water added until the i< liquor does not stain the white paper, a will remain invisible for two or three fi months if kept in the dark, but on u exposure for some hours to the open r air will gradually acquire color or will do so instantly on being held be- h fore the fire. Each of these solutions G Lrives its own .peculiar color to the c writing?gold a deep violet, silver slate, and lead and copper brown. ip There is a vast number of other a solutions that become visible on ex- f posure to heat or when having a t< heated iron /passed over them. The ex- f plana!ion is that the matter is read- d ily burned to a sort of charcoal. Sim- o plest among these are lemon juice s and milk, but the one that produces o the best results is made by dissolving |] a scruple of sal ammoniac in two b ounces of water. p Several years ago l'rofcssor Bray- 1> lants of the University of Ixmvian f discovered a method in which no ink ti at all was required to convey a socrot message, lie laid several sheets y of note paper on each other and a wrote on the uppermost with a pen- r cilt then selected one of tire under a, sheets on which no marks of writing a were visible. On exposing this sheet ii !i> the vapor of iodine for a few f minutes il turned yellowish, and the e writing appeared of a violet Drown e color. On further moistening the c