University of South Carolina Libraries
,>, ft'_ 4'4 I1 - 4' VOL XLIII. NO, 85- WBE3RLRY. 8. 0 IntIhAY, 00 tOBICR 12. LO'. TWIOE A WEEK. $1 50 A YEAR '4T ..00CBW 1.103 Farmers' Union Bureau of t Information. -Conducted by the - South Carolina Farmers' Educa- t tional and Co-Operation Union. SWCommunications intended for this departw:ent shonld be addre sod to J. C. Stribling, Pendleton, S. C. 11c. for Cotton is Now a Safe Propo sition. - Rotten cotton on the shaded part of the stalk and the seed sprouting in the open bolls above, is the complaint coming in from far and nearby States. Stand firm for 1le. and you will sure ly get it. Whose business is it about how much cotton you make? It matters little whether you have a large lot or a' small lot of cotton. If your bills are arranged this cotton is yours and you and you only have the God given right to name the price that will give you a reasonable profit for your work. When all the prices came in from all the South Carolina Farmers' Un ions the average up stood 12 1-&. for the South Carolina Unions. But when reports from all the States were aver aged up at the Texarkana meeting it stood for lc. and South Carolina had to -come down about a notch, but she is determined to lock the wheels at 1le. and drive down stakes behind every wheel at this notch. Farmers, are you content and will ing to continue the habit of growing f a crop of cotton for a profit and then stand by silently and as dumb and powerless as mule that pulls the wag on to town, and let 6ome speculator f say how much profit you are to get for your 3 ar's labor? If you are tir ed and fagged out on this line come out to your local Farmers' Union and bring in your neighbors with you. Let all go into the thing and pull to gether for good to all. If you have made the mistake this time and fixed things so that you have absolutely no control of your f cotton crop, do for the sake of your wifc and ebildr-u and for the rennt tion of your manhood, begin at once to drill in oats and continue this oat t planting until the fitst of November, then sow wheat until you are sure that you have plenty to fill the belly of all man -and beast at your hands; then next year at this time you will be'carrying a stiff backbone and feel ing ,like you owned your own cotton crop and could have a say about its value. Keep the Dollars at Home. No doubt ail)ut the fact that the t South has produc6d the cotton from ( which our New England States have i made themselvel rich, and that many I manufacturing districts in other coun- ( tries have grown rich by handling i and manufacturing our wealth pro ducing staple. Then we are sure -that < te time is at hand when every in habitant of our cotton States shouldi ralize that it is to each and every interest of our home country 'to conx- a trol our wealth producing staple in a way that will keep this wealth at a home, where it rightly belongs! Farmers, pull for better prices for your money grop; get your profits out of your own business and *"t this everlasting quibling about going into i the trading business. Pull for profi-i table prices for your own products and every business man in the South has now learned that it 'is to his in-t terest'to help you get profitable prices for your cotton.' Quit trying to pull down home enterprises and help these,t I' and in turn they can and will help you get better prices, because it is to -their interest to do it. This fellow is floundering around [i -but the cotton movement of the romancing on both sides of the facts in the cotton movement pf the Wiest but most any farmer can read be tween the lines of this article, taken"' from the Cotton Trade Journal, thatia growers in that territory are mpkim; ' things count ont~ on their side for .4,. ter prieed., This is good news for o* ganizd ofa me an shb Ent.rr alSoutsid efarm4I to Iom M inth, Union.. ention and causing more or less con ern among the trade. Momentary oncern is caused no more to one ele ient than another, however, for while lie exporter cannot'get cotton to for iard the spinner, the farmer is like rise incommoded in having the money or his crop withheld. What affects up reaches every one else all along he line. The crop is late in the South Atlan ic, several weeks late,-which is the eason it is not coming forward in lar er volume. The weather has beet infavorable, tardy development wai aused, labor ,is scarce for field work ud ginning seems to have acquired he same slowness that pervades the ndustry before the crop reaches the -ins. The crop is held by one of two hings whei late, tardy developneiit r witholding it from the market by ts owners. The famers ha% not yet begun a iolding movement. More independ nee is shown in marketing brokers n volume to break the price and cause lemand than ever before, however, vith distinctly less disposition to ush cotton to the ports or offer it hrough moralization among holders. 3xcept that class of growers who put hemselves in awkward positions as lebtors, little of the enforced selling f cotton is to be observed now, for lie better class of farmers fortify ufficiently to protect themselves gainst pressure that might, and in ormer years, was auplied with ef ect at this season of the year. The effect of the tardy movement i in favor of growers. It is a natural ause, though depriving them of ready unds for a while, yet places. the spin ter nearer the point of depleted tocks, and to that extent brings him loser to the time when lie must buy otton. The cotton movement will be facili ated, when it does start in larger vol nie, by the ample supply of cars 'hich have come to the cotton belt oreparatory for the cotton haul. in act, all transportation, land and rater, have for some time been in b!ri::h readine:; to handle the cot on crop. Such delays as come at imes when .the movement gets under ray should now be entirely eliminated s a result of the concentration of quipment. Curious Tombstones. Two curiously inscribed stones by he wayside have been noted by cor espondents of the Manchester Guard in. One is about a mile from the vil ige of Hope, in Flintshire, and reads: 'Here my God did spare my life. For he tenement was the strife-1777." )ne would think that the incident the tone commenorates must be well :nown in the neighborhood, but the orrespondent wai not successful i inding any one who could tell the tory. The other stone is by the side f a lonely road in the neighborhood *f Jenkin chapel, and bears the fol owing inscription : ''Here John Tur er was east away in a heavy snow torm in the night on or about the ecar 1735. The print of a woman's hoe was found by his side in the snow vere (sic) lhe lay dead." Oldest Ale House In England. The oldest licens;ed village ale house n England is claimed to be the Geo. nn, in North St. Philip. The license lates from 1307. Each story of the icturesque old .structure overhangs hat beneath. The front is broken by >ay windows, a porch and a flight of tone steps leading to a doorway in he wall. At the back are more quaint Loors and windows, and a turret built ~gainst the wall incloses an outside tair, while in the yard still remains art of the old gallery found in so nany hostelries of the middle ages. t. curious chimney surmounts each :able.--London Answers. The,Eget and the West. The numero1q kinds of west of ne effete east souly dis oursos are enough to bewilder a iladelphtia lawyer. It will assure :hat besileq ''the twiddle west," pbmTt e. t iP "mplpys continually *nd w~ith ovid rteasure, there are 1 eastoern won,1 1a .gestemu west, a orthern west and a 'soggno~ west 6 there laplny one east a4 bardly aigh t that to swear p FREE ALOOHOL ArTER OT 1. kopresentative HIll Tells About the ]arin Distileries, in Ger;nany The Waste of American Farms May be Turned Into Oash-Great Chance for the Investors. Washin.gton September 30th, to Now York Sun. Representativo E. J. Hill, of Con. necticut, is in Washington assisting the commissioner of internAl revenue to Ifornulate the rules under which the free alcohol law is to go into oper ation on October 1. Mr.' Hill went abroad with Commissioner Yerkcs and spent most of the summer in making a study of the application of the de naturized alcohol laws in the Euro. pean countries, where a consistent at tempt is being made to develop. the production of alcohol for industrial purposes. Germany was the country in which the most progress was found to' have been made, and Mr. Hill han many things to say of the interest ing things he found there. Mr. Hill was asked about the many small farm.distilleries to be found in Germany, some of which, according to government reports, do not make more than dozen or fifteen gallons of alcohol in a year. "Isn't it exceedingly expensive for the German government to keep track of 70,000 farm distilleries, many of them being so small that it cannot pay to send an inspector to them?' tie was asked. "Not at all,'' said Mr. Hill. "The German government has that matter down to a fine point and has no more trouble collecting the revenue from those small plants than our govern ment has in collecting,it from the big distilleries of Kentucky. You see, the stills have to be made in a certain way, which includes a tank that can be locked with a government lock and sealed with a government seal. The small farm distilleries do not operate all the year round. The distilling is kept for the winter months, when there is nothing else to do, just as the American farmer chops his wood or shells his corn in the winter after the crops are all in and he has the leisure to do something other thatt straight farm work. ''When the German farmer lab sorted out his refuse stuff, such as the small and decayed potatoes or reject. ed fruits, he drops a line to the gov ernment that on a certain date, thirty days hence, he wants to begin operat ing his still. They have to give thirty days' notice, acording to the German law, in order that the government of ficials may have all the time needed to do their part. Some time during the thfirty days an inspector comc along and looks the still over to see that it is clean and in good running order ,and especially that the tank i. empty. Then he locks and seals the tank, after which the still is ready for the farmer. Ho is at liberty to go ahead and distill until the tank is full. "When the farmer has finally conm pleted his distillation and wants to get the money for his alcohol lie noti fies the per-son who is to buy it from~ him, and as sooni as he knows the date it is to be removed, he notifies the government and an inspector comes and -removes the seal and measures the contents of the tank and collect: the revenue. If the farmer wants to donaturize it on the spot ho can do so in the presence of an inspector, when the amount of the tax will be return ed to him; But generally the farn, ers sollthrough the groat central sell ing agency of Germany, which do naturizes at a central point and in large quantities and collect the rebate from the government in considerable sums. Thus, you will observe, tihe govoe ument agents 'do not spend any appr'xiabhle time at any .one farm and om., - sector can cover' a lar'ge terrI tory. Meanwhile the central selling agency pays the farmer on the basIs of beverage alcohol. and re-bates to him for all whIelb is dena;urized. It Is a pei?net acting system and is not ox orbitamntly expensive for the govern ment. - "T o re, of course, many farm. era wIe do ,et feel, that they h ye einQ gh of am.id e0hol orojftfpay thein to maintain a still. These join with .others in a co-operative distillery and I that I imagine will be what many far inwor in this country will do. It will work much as does the old cider mill r in the country here now. The farmers I will haul their alcohol producing crops i to the still, and will get their return < on what is produced, either in alcohol or money, as may seem best to meet i their desires and necessities. "But of one thing I am more and more convinced the more I look into it, and that is that with the waste t which has been going on on the Amer- 1 ican farm ever since there has becn i an American farm, and with the abundance of our farm resources, we can make alcohol cheaper than any German farmer can. In fact, I am; willing to predict that withtin a few years we will he leading the world in this industry, not only in the produc tion of alechol, but in the invention of appliances for its use. The Ger man housewife has her flatiron kept constantly hot by mueans of alcohol and 'does not lose any steps tra-veling to and from the stove; but you look out for the American inventor wheii he once gets his hands oin alcohol and see if he does not turn out something that will do away with the flatiron entirely. If the German can run waterworks and engines and can light railway stations with alcohol, I shall not be surprised to see Americans run railroad trains and light cities with the same material. Its possib,ilities are certainly without limit, and I be lieve we are equal to their develop. ment.'' Denatured Alcohol Law. Washington, Oct. 7.-Mr. Yerke%, connissioner of internal reveiue, With the approval of the secretary of the Treasury, to-day issued Ilie De partmnental regulations controlling the making of denatured alcohol, its handling and its uses. These regulations follow and ren der efective a. law enacted by the Congress at its last session, and w1hich provides for the withdrawal froin hond, tax free, of donest.c a!"ohol when it is rendered unfit for bever age or liquid medicinal uses by the admixture of suitable denaturin,: mut terials, and for the use of the de natured article in the arts apd in dustries. and fir uel, light aid power. The law ;ee-mes eff,,ctive Jan. ;, 1907. This legislation is in harmony wit:i similar enactments adopted by ncai Iy all foreign countries. Oreat Brit ain, in 1855, legislated on this sub ject along the same lines of our owu1 law and France, Germany, Austria and virtually all the continental pow ers now furnish their subjects al J,oi free of tax for the uses above . I ed. In discussing the new regilatIonM to-day Mr. Yerkes said: Saves Household Expenses. ''The prime subject to be attnjie<d by5 this type of legislation is to fur nish, for purely domestie uses and also for what might be called indus trial domestic purposes50, heat light and power, cheap1 alcohol, with thme hop :4~thtereby there will be a redutiof. xes inl these depart ''This denatured alcohol will 1)0 a competitor with' illuminating oils, gasoline and coal. '"It will also furnish to manufao turers who use alcohol in the pro ducts of. their factories, alcohol free of the heavy internal revenue tax no0w levied on same. This tax amounts to about two dellars per wvine gallon on alcohol at I80 degress proof. "It is believed great benefit will be0 derived by the peole from this legislation, and this certainly was in the mind of Congress, for few public measures received such hearty and unanimous support as did this.. -~ Safeguards Against Fraud. "In preparing the regulaitions it was essential. to adopt rules that would prohibt as far as possible per p)etration of any and all fraudsa pgain1st the revenuies of the govern ment by the reclamation and repuri- I ficatlon of do'-- ,. alcohol thr',ugh re-distillation or other~ pr'ocesses, through the remnoval of the denatured ingredientB added -and restoration of , tha slanha1 to s nrirginal oondition<' "To secure these ends it will b icessary to use articles for donatui ng purposes that render the denati ql product unfit for drinking pui 0oses, and also use such ingredients a re the most difficult to separat 1omn pure alcohol by chemical or ot I, processes. ''In determining upon the denatui ng agents to be used the cost of tih ame is of great moment, for' to rer ler this new legislation of practic tse and benefit, it is necessary fc he (lenatured product to pass int he hands of the consumer at as lo t price tis can be secured.'' ZTTER AS TO SOHOOL BOOKI tate Superintendent of Educatic Martin Issues JInstructions About Exchanges. State Superintendent of Educatic Uiartin has issued a circular letter < nstruction to county suporintenden )f education, calling attention to so, ions of the text book contract. TI etter is as follows: My Dear Sir: Allow me to en your attention to sections 5 and 10 < he text, book contract. The publishei igree to take all text books of ai wries, or of any edition, in the hanl )f pupils inl exchange. The only I triction is that the book must ha >eln in use during the year 1906, anl >f course it must be of like grade au lpol the same subject as the one f( vhieh it is given in part paymen his means, of course, that bool xvhieh are in use in the city sheoo nay be exchanged. The retail an %xchange prices printed in our bull< in of 16 pages are official. A careful reading of the contra Ind other matter in the bulletin wi mnable you to answer almost any que 'ion which may artise. I hope that you will exercise supe ision over the subdepositories, ai -ee that they understand the coi ;ract. Sincerely yours, 0. B. Martin, State Supt. Education. Mexico City, Oct. 9.-Recent floo< in the southern part of the state i Talisco and in the state of Colin have resulted in great destruction i [)roperty and loss of life. The numb lf fatalisties from drowning aloi the line of the Manzanillo extensi< Df the Mexican Central railroad 123. Thousands of tons of earth ar roek descended ill great landslid ftnm the mountains. Tihe new st<( railway bridge below Tuxpan w dl"stroyed and a steam shovel weig ing 26 tons was borne by the torre: for a considerable distance. In 01 p)laec the water rose 60 feet. Many- i,uses weye destroyed 1 I ' the towns of Tuxpan at Zapotillie. Twenty-five lives we lost during the recent floods in tl Santiago river, 15 wereC dIrowned I the capsizing (of a boat while crossim the riyer. They were workmen engai ed oni the canal being constructed ft t he power planlt. All were native ti has been sonme time since (lie Od-. tremnd(o1s floods on LI i.5 coast. Happiness. It's merec a hab)it. Some people have it by nlature. The rest of us have to cultivate I It 's hard work, b)ut it can be don It means forgetting injuries at hlurts and neglects. It means refusing to permit yot mind to dwell on anythling that caus< worry and sorrow. It means resolutely swinging yoi houghts to brighter thing. It means to put aside the- past ar ive in today, with no fret about t, 'orrow. It means to believe in ultimal ~ood, and trust all things to wvoi ;owardl this end. It means forgetting yourself ar naking others happy. It's just a habit I it can be cult rated ; and there 's no other habit veil worth while. Miss Jarnier-''Papa says I musni iee you ar.y more.'' Young Spoonall-''Well we muan lisobey papa. I'll turn the lig't a Ii le low"' still.' '-Chicago Tri ne, HELP SCARCE IN COTTON MILLS Increase In Wages Has Not Increased - Supply of Labor. e Providence, R. L, October 8.-Cot ton mill agents in Rhode Island com plain of a scarcity of help in some de partments, and assert that in this e respect the increases in wages grant t- ed early last suimmer did not have I the beneficial result hoped for. The r increase has not thus far drawn )ack o a sufficient number of those who left v the mills when wages were lower, and wlenl there was dissatisfaction among the workmen for other reasons. . In some of the mills at the present time more looms are stopped than has n been the case heretofore in the history of the industry in this state. In one large mill there are said to be 600 looms idle, where a few years ago the n number of applicants for work ex if coeded the demand. A fifth of the AA looms in another large mill are said to be stopped for operatives. This 0 scarcity of labor has brought about keen competition among uvill officials, I in offering inducements to families of if workers to become permanent help. '1 y LATHROP APPOINTED Is TO SUCCEED. MELTON. C Washington, Oct. 10.-The depart 3 ment of justice today announced the d appointment of Abinil Lathrop of Orangeburg as assistant district at t- toriney for South Carolina, vice La%V son 1). Melton, resigned. s Zach McGhee. Charleston, Oct. 10.-United States District. Attorney Cochran announced A today the appointment of Mr. Abiall i Lathrop of Orangeburg as one of his a8sistants to succeed Mr. L. D. Mel ton of Columbia, who recently resign - ed. Mr. Lathrop served as district d attorney during the administration of a Presidents Harrison and McKinley and the appointment gives satisfac tion. FOURTEENTH AMEWDMENT HINDERS RACE PROBLEM. Is____ LaGrange, Ga., Oct. 10.-At. the ltG6orgia " Home Coming " execies rhere today Gov-elect Hoke Smith de livered an address on the race ques tion in the South. in which he said that the Fourteeiti aimlendment to the constitiutionI hinders tle must in telligeit mode of han1dling the sub 'Our national governieit,", Mr. Sinmith said, has always leIislated for S1he Indians, placinlg around them re Sstrictrlions entirely different from those applied to whjite men. It for the lbIt1tenth amnildinenlt to tho Id constitution we should follow the e same plan in Georgia witi reference e to the negroes. The white man must ,y acceptii funll resp)onsibhilit y anid c'ont rot of thlie situation. This is the white 111man's coun11try andII it is the white ~.man 's burden. The noegro should he s. encouraged to help. Kindlly but firm .e 13' the Inarge majori ty of negroes must h e suiperv'isedl and( direedI by the white manm. Th'le fact should be0 kept in mind that a very large number of negroes are i rresponsible and when ,left in idlenem., arc pronIe tq crime. We must exhaust all legal means to t. save negroes from idleness." e.. Gov. Smith advised stricter vagran: Ld cy laws, and arrest of loafing, wan de ring negr.oes as p)robab)le criminals. u. He also said the system of negro edu as cation should b)e changed. Kr The Fourteenth Amendment. The fourteenth amendment pro vides: " 'All persons born or nauralized in the United States, andl subject to the e jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of k the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law wvhich shall abridge the p)rivileges or I ne Sjof citizens of the UTtni d States; not "'Ib-all any State a1k no~y person of life, liberty, or pr.pr. wi thout due p)rocess e0 .v n'r ' , any po~ t01 WA ,-in its jurAdiction the equal tprtection of thme law.' Any man who knows 1-s place .s never out of plaen any place.