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f . ^ 1 IriaJivL ? THt PAGELAND JOURNAL 'W .J. - - ' ???????? .. Vol.7 NO. 51 0 PAGELAND, S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 5, 1917 $1.00 per year ? 1 < ? ? . : xt i r? - I " * ? ' miicncan navai rorcea v^onvoving Merchantmen Check Submarine Menace J Washington, Aug. 30.? Ameri can naval forces are convoying merchant ?raft across the Atlantic, it was disclosed officially today at the navy department, and examination of the records shows that tne loss of convoyed ships by submarines has averag ed less than one-half of one per cent. T*v ? ? * ueiaus 01 me convoy system are withheld. It was stated, how ever, that American war vessels are regularly escorting fleets of British, French or allied merchantmen across, the protection being supplemented when the danger zone is reached by the j destroyers and other patrol craft. , American naval officials be- | lieve that an effective system for j checking the submarine menace . is being built up gradually but certainly. Many devices and ' many methods enter into the task. Among other things depth bombs are proving effective Official reports indicate that American destroyers have accounted for several U boats with these weapons. No announce ment of such incidents will be made, however, unless absolute nrnnf nf thfl ic airoiloKln No U-boat has been captured bv the Americans. Reports from London that the subma rines are working now farther at sea than formerly were confirm ed by the navy department. It may be that new boats of greater size and better sea-keeping qualities lend to this extension of the zone of activities, but it is re , * garded as more probable that the increased and increasing vigilance of the anti submarine forces is mainly responsible. The effect of the increasing patrol, of the employment of , airplanes and of the addition of new devices to the anti submarine weapons, has been to force the U boats under water to a greater and greater degree. Their effectiveness is limited in proportion. Thev can operate only against ships that almost stumble upon them. And all the time thev are under water, they are consuming the stored power i of their storage batteries, decreasing their range of under water action and compelling them to come up at night and lie < idle on the surface while their oil engines are used to recharge the batteries. Thp Hpr-isinn of ilio no.nr partment to spend $350,000,000 on new destroyers and destroyer building facilities, approved yesterday by Presideni Wilson, is based on the effectiveness of the swift fighting machines as proven by Admiral Sims' forces. American experts have developed a depth bomb for use against submarines that is deadly at considerable range. The bomb, containing high explosives, is dropped from a destroyer over a spot where the pres ence of a submerged U-boat is indicated. It is timed to explode at a certain depth. If the ex plosion occurs below the U boat and within a reasonable distance the hull of the underwater craft cannot withstand the pressure but is crushed like an egg shell. I i Pat bought a pig in the fall paying $7.50 for it. During the winter he bought $10.50 worth of feed for it and in the spring j sold the pig for $17.50. A neighbor asked him how { much he got for it, and when Pat : told him he said: "Well, you didn't make much on it did vou?" . "No," said Pat, "but, you see. I I had the use of the pig all i winter."?Kx. < Deed Bed Kor Wheat "Make the seed bed fit for the 9eed. Do not 'intern* wheat v/orth $3 or $4 a bushel for seed i) urposps in a condition of soil tmpossible for germination." That precaution is urged by the United States Department of Agriculture on'all farmers who c ontemplate sowing the high p riced seed of a high priced food tltiis fall. To plant seed on poorV prepared land not only wastes tl le seed that does not germinate, tt le specialists point out, but it nctay mean the loss of an entire investment if a paying stand is not obtained. A seed bed for wheat must be fir m, moist, and well compacted beneath, with a mellow, finely divided upper 3 inches of soil, Ihe specialists advise. If wheat is grown in rotation with oats or after wheat, the stubble should be plowed to a depth of at least / incnes immediately alter harvesting ihe preceding crop of grain. The ground should be harrowed within a few hours after plowing, and cultivation with harrow, disk, drag, or roller should be given as necessary thereafter until planting time. These operations are necessary to kill weeds, to settle and make firm the subsoil, and to maintain 1 a soil mulch on the surface. The earlier the preparation of a seed 1 bed for wheat is started the bet- < ter the condition of the soil will be at planting time. Late plow 1 ing does not allow time for thorough preparation. I If a cultivated crop precedes wheat frequent cultivation given to this crop will preserve mois- 1 ture and Maintain a soil mulch. If level cultivation has been 1 practiced, a good seed bed easily can be prepared by disking and : harrowing after removing the crop. However, if weeds are 1 present, it may be advisable to plow shallow, the disk preceding and following the plow. Early plowing, followed by thorough tillage, aius in catching 1 the water which falls and in con- 1 serving this and the water already in ihe soil for use by'the wheat plants.' The firm seed 1 bed under the mulch thus made enables the young plants to make use of the subsoil waters which rise when there is a perfect union between the plowed soil and the subsoil. Sufficient moisture is thus assured tor the ] germaination of the seed and for | the early fall growth of the seed- i lings, a very important consideration. Plant food is also likplv 1 to be more abundant in the soil \ when such methods are emploved. If the importance of thorough . tillage were more generally recognized and proper methods of seed-bed preparation were ' more widely employed through- '( out the so called humid areas, , there would be less frequent i losses from drought and better wheat crops would result, the j department specialists declare, j in this area the mistake is often I made of thinking there will | always be moisture enough piesent for a maximum crop J growth, with the result that short J crops otten are obtained where i more attention to moisture con I servation would have assured | good yields. In the bureau of the census at i Washinington acts against the law are recorded under a few J general heads, such as murder, J burglary, etc. 8 An officer of the bureau tells J Df a woman clerk who was puz- 5 sled by an entry she encounter- \ ed in one of her slips. The ^ crime as set down was "Running t * blind tiger." After due re t flection the woman placed it h under the head of "Cruelty to { Animals." [ Second Great Campaign to Begin October 1 . 1 Washington. Aug. 31.?The Q opening of the next liberty loan 9 -campaign has bee set tentatively jj by the treasury department foi October 1. s Subscription books will close e November 1 unless the program e is altered. The amount, the in ? terest rate, die denominations ol J the bonds and other details will H be announced after Congresi disposes of the pending bone i' bill. o Indications are that the nexi j V u offering will approximate $3, ^ .000, 000,000. Whether it will bt d advertised by the government Expeditionary Force Not to j Be Rushed Into Action Paris, Sept. 1.?Major Genera Pershing, who has remained ii Paris clearing up the work at hi old headquarters and who is no going to field headquarters unti Sunday or Monday, declared tc day in connection with the plan for the coming winter that th American people must learn th meaning and value of patienc and not expect that the expedi tionary forces landed in Franc can be rushed immediately t the front line trenches. To put an inadequate, insul ficiently supplied force inti actual combat, he said, woul merely be making a mistake which the Germans unquestior ably have hoped and expecte the United States would make It is the determination rathe that when America does tak har place in the line, shoulder t shoulder with the other allie next year, she will be fully pre pared to go through the sumnre campaign and make the Gei mans feel the full weight of he military power. "Those of us who have full studied the situation and wh' know what is necessary to b done." said General Pershing t the Associated Press, "are anxi ous that the people at home shdi strive to realize the immensit of the task in which we are ec gaged and shall through patienc and confidence, help us to ac complish that task in the shortC? possible time. Everything ;i going well with lie hr?th o?": ? v?U nation and as an armv. We ar making giant strides day at* dav, but we are just started. "We came into the war will out an army. So now we mus boild an entire new organizatio and build it so big and so stron that we can take our place wit! our allies, who alreadv have ha three years time and experienct "I realize how very difficult i is for the people at home I visualize the war, to visualize th effort that lies behind the wai Our problems are greater tha any France or Great Britai have had to solve but we ar solving them and will continu to do so. "It is impossible to create vast fighting machine merely b, the wave of a wand. I wish tha it were possitde to do so and tha we might be fighting the Germai government this minute. W know that the only way to defea the German army is to hamme it and keep on hammering i That is what we expect to be dc ing with all our strength and en thusiasm during next year' campaign." Her (sighing)?Oh, I met sucl a lovely man today. Him?Where was that? Her?On the street 1 rnus lw./>n : ? iinvc uccii v.iii ijiu^ my unioreu; carelessly, for he humped hi eye into it. And 1 said, 'pardoi me,'*and he said, "don't mentioi it?I have another eye left." | Notice to Cc ft ^ The following Rule ^ the Cotton Mills, and ? forced to abide by then T Limit of six yards < 5 surplus will have to be r< Bales weighing less ^ ject to discount ci $5.00 S) Buyers will be forc< jh packed on leaky steam pi g ed. a ml a Mi 32BBBEEEBSEEEEEHE }<_ inrougti paid newspaper space ir is under consideration, but Sec e'Tetar> McAdoo said tonight the 0 jcost of such an undertaking ,a "\vouid exceed the appropriatior 1 now/Available for the purpose jj. He added that there could be nc r. action until more light had beer r Received as to the cost ot an ef V fective advertising campaigr J ^nd until Congress had decided what amount will be allowed e tor advertising for future issues ni Uj|der the war revenue bill, passed last April, $7,000,000 was ?iiade available for expenses ol y floating Sr>,000,000.0<>0 in bond: ^ end $2,OOO,0()0,0o0 in short time ? certificates of indebtedness. Ii 1* reported that about half al .j leady has been disbursed in con [g nected with the floatation of the 0 f2)000,0o0,000 liberty bonds first 0 offered and the certificates ol d i/iiebtedness put out in advance ^ftUeloan. t ' ID announcing the tentative it program .for the second cam n paign Mr. McAdoo appealed tc ? the liberty loan committee tc h perfect their organization and d prepare for the next campaign ? by getting in touch with the It various federal reserve banks, o . _ e Experience of South Carolinian t- / in Crossing Atlantic n * Camden, Sept. 1.?Lieut 11 Comdr. William Ancrum, whc e was called to join the American e fleet in British waters undei Admiral Sims several weeks ago, a did not reach his destination y without exciting adventures. 11 According to a letter received lt by his wife, which was written Q at sea, the armed merchant linei [t on which he sailed was attacked r on Sunday morning by a u-boat, i. and they had a running fight which lusted three-riunrter of nn 1 hour. The German boat shelled ? them from a distance of two miles. No shots struck the ships, u though some fell close by By putting on full steam and zigzagging the liner escaped. Two ;t British destroyers answered their ti S. O. S. call to come to the aid s ot the liner. All passengers had a on their life belts and the life n boats were made ready, but were not needed. >tton Sellers | i i W !S nave been issued by jS all local buyers will be gi ^ i of bagging to bale. Any W amoved before being sold. than 350 pounds are sub a bale. sd to refuse to buy cotton fS resses, or otherwise water- fa M JNGO BROS. $1 4.LLOY & CO. HJ IH. BLAKENEY : mS>B8Bm8>2S8S>8S>X 0 A Precious Fats Suppose you were to read such ( an advertisement as this in your 1 daily paper: For sale for cash on delivery, fat for frying, $4.05 a pound. Goose fat, $5.36 a pound. Duck ' fat, 1-4 pounds, 1.13. Salted 1 goose legs, 94 cents each. Larded goose breast, $2.08 per pound, f Fresh fowls, $1.01 per pound and ' up. Young country laying hens 5 $3.32 each. Well-fed snow-white ' Emden geese, $11.01 to $19.06 each. Horse flesh, 53 to 86 cents 1 a pound. These are exact quotations ; taken from advertisements in 1 German newspapers during last ' June Of course the advertise. ments are addressed more par \ ticularly,to the rich. Even horseJ flesh has become a luxury beyond reach of the common ' people. Evidently the scarcity t of fats has not been exaggerated in reports from other sources, j The pinch of war to a country P that is not self sufficient in its I agriculture can become an allpervading source of misery. Unique of all countries, the ' United States is self sufficient in J its agriculture. Our agriculture . will be our greatest bulwark, | whether the war ends soon or ' continues through more- horrorfilled years. And the best of all good things in a country self sufficient in its ' agriculture is a farm that is as P near as possible self-sufficient in its production. It ^may well be said that the possessor of such a arm can look the future in the face without a tremor. He has ( a well stocked cellar, storage houses and shelves laden with > . - - I tlie canned products of field and garden. To him there need never come the necessity of paying fabulous prices for common necessities. Every such farm is the greatest of object lessons these war torn times.?Country Gentleman. 1 Horrible Treatment is Given 1 Prisoners of War Washington, Aug. 30.?Starv | ed, beaten and subjected to many indignities, prisoners of j war in Germany are being com pell^d to work in trenches and . fields under the fire from the armies of their own countries. 1 T> a- . _ ? ^ ixeporis maae Dy Kussian sol diers who have been transmitted to the state department, say prisoners of all nationalities are ( being used on work just behind the lines and within range of the guns. A small portion of bread, some thin soup, and occasionally a bit of meat of horses shot in action, comprise their rations. The prisoners have been organized into units as carefullv as are soldiers.. Their work is done systematically under military supervision, with long hours and j no medical attention. When I the Russian soldiers left many of | the units had lost by disease | practically half of their number. No new clothing had been issued to them and in all sorts of weather thev are forced to work in vermin-laden rags. Military overseers, the Russians reported, I frequently had them tied to boards and beaten until they had reached the point of exhaustion. Included in the labor units were Germans as well as Russians, Rritish, Frdnch, Belgians and Poles. The Germans were those who had participated in food riots or those who were physically unfit for service in the ranks. These men were treated very.little differently from the presoners of war. | Price Of Wheat Fixed Al $2.20 As Compromise | Washington, Aug. 3<>?T1 i price of No. 1 northern spring wheat was fixed at $2.20 a bushel at Chicago for the 1917 crop to day by the wheat fair price coir mittec, headed by H. A. Garfieh', whose findings reached after three days' deliberation, wer?; submitted to and approved by President Wilson. The an nouncement was made from the White House. Labor representatives on the committee voteu first for Sl.Sd and the farmers for $ > ">n Aft^r long discussion the compromise at $2.20 was approved unanimously. The committee finally agreed late this afternoon after several days of voting. At one time today it looked as if it would be unable to come to a conclusion, but, just before six o'clock a compromise was reached and the last vote was unanimous. On the base of $2.20 at Chicago the food administration worked out tonight differentials for the various grades and classes and for the several terminals. The price fixed tonight is twenty cents higher than that named for the 1918 crop by Congress in the food control bill. The $2 price set by Congress was taken into consideration by the committee in considering a fair valuation for this year's crop. 1 Another Lincoln Story When Lincoln was still an insignificant country lawyer he had occasion to travel to a small town to take charge of a case. It was a drive of some 14 miles from the railroad station to the town inn where he was to pass I the night. Wet and chilled to the Done, he arrived at last, but to his dismay, found only a small fire built in the a rate, while standing about it so as to exclude the heat from the traveler, were the other lawyers interested in the case. At length one of the group turned to Lincoln. "Pretty cold, eh?" he asked. "Yes," replied Lincoln, "as cold as it is hot in hades." "Ever been to hades stranger?" asked another. "Yes," replied Lincoln, solemnly. This raised a faint smile .among the other lawyers. "What does it look like there?' they asked "Very much like this," said Lincoln, dryly. "All the lawyers nearest the fire." Only Dry Spot Detroit Free Press. Adolphus Buscii, the millionaire brewer, told apropos of prolliliilinn <1 ctnri. nt .. I j it .iivji j ,il u oi. i^uuis j banquet. I "Two drummers," he began, | "were taken dry in a prohibition j town. They starter! accordingly j to look for a drink. On a corner they saw a policeman and they decided to ask liis advice. "Officer," they said, "is it possible to get a drink in this town?" "The officer led the two drummers up to an imposing church. I5ii I surely,' lliey said in shocked tones, 'we aren't going tc get what we want here!' "'Gents said the officer, solemnly, 'do vou see that church?' "'Yes,' thev answered. "'Well, gents,' said the officer 'that's the only place in this State where you can't get it."