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qucntly approach ii. Thc?c U uvaaiiy u thick cane brake near the river on nil the low ground*. ?-Tho timber in the low grounds princi pally consists of largo oaks, hickory, poplar and ash, with some cypress ntul sycamore, anil a great variety of vines, principally the summer ami winter grape and tho mu> cadino. 'l'hcre are also among the undergrowth several ovcr greens, amongst which arc the holly and mock olive. Mont of the blullit or high InniU near tho river afford a ridh, grejish *oil, and arc covered with oak, hickory and at>h, with scattered pines. The flr?t live twik noticed on tho river was 45 mile* from tho (Jin Port, in tho low ground*, on t!n* left hunk of tho river. Most of tho rock met with near tho river in of a light, bluish co Inr and tine soft texture, entirely free of grit. It forms the base of the blufl's or steep banks, and lies in horizontal strata, of from one foot to three feet in thickness, and has in many places the appearance of a stone wall using from be neath the water. Some of the binds, however, has a ferruginous appearance ? and lower down the river thorc are large bodies of litone coal, as well as excel lent blue whet stones, and materials for grind Htot.cs anil mill-stones. The river, about a mile below the (Jin Port, is from 48 to60 vards wide. Twenty miles from the same place ft is from CO t? TO} at 45 mi!.'* it is from 70 to 80 j at 49, from 80 to90t at 50 miles, 100 vards; and 70 ?surds at 115 miles, where a boltf river comes in from the east, which is 45 or 50 yards wide.-? Avit'ier still larger comes in ftom tho other tide, I.; miles Farther down. tiiMicral tiaines did not continuo his survey i.f the river lower than the mouth of Okenoxaby, ii?? the r'.a.ainiic part of the river had previous 1\ liecn ?? di 'on land, by Sila? Dinsmoor, li) ij. II-: ioiitiiiii"d. however, to pursue his jmirncv It.' water to l'oit Stoddeit, and found the navv.uWon wry ^uud, and the current ge nerally geiil!e. A-v to t!:<? >et il?*:iirnt * on tl-.it river, they <? existed a elet able number of years, below Vinteebogue.- The lower part of the rnunlrv k<<l Iwen pievioii.slv settled by the Pieuch. I lie Hriti-h and Spamaid.s ; hut settle ment- of people from the I'nited States, did not < oniou-iiie till ilic latter part of the revolu- j tiotia; v w ar. f The. increase of population for a long period j ?tf time was very slow : and at the ratification! i-l the Choctaw treatv in IfttjH, it U probable! then* were not more than two thousand souls in the wlndo of t'.e. Mississippi Tenitorv, east ??f' l'rarl river.? ! i the present time "?t i., supposed that there ate between -5 ami 50 thousand.? The plantations, however, are. for the most partcoutt ? "he rivei.* and large creeks, on account of s ueral sterility of the uplands : : o that the country from the Mobile to the I'as-, ? .v.'oula waters, a distance of -15 mileand from x!ie l'ascago ila waters to Pearl Kivcr, a dis tance of 75 miles, may be ie;;ar?led as a wilder l'os. Put alter advancing cutisiderabl v up the Tomhigby and other rivet then: aie occasion-j id Hpots of excellent up I od. l.imes)one first makes its appearance on the <m>Ioiii side of the Tombigby, a few mile, above M'lntosh's HI nil', by t does "not njjiiear on lh<? wc^tern^ifjij^ till The staple ai tide of the country is cotton.? Little, however, lui? been raised of late years ; but it is calculated that the cotton raited this rear on the Tombi<xhv, Chickasaw ha v, and Ala bama, and whuh will go down the Mobile liver, ?will amount to tun thousand bales. No reason able doubt can bo cntci tailicd, that the sugar < ane might be profitably cultivated, as high up ;.t least as the forks of tho Tombigby and Ala bama. The lumber trade must bccume a great object. Pin'1 forests, covered with timber of a i..o/* majestic growth, approaching in some pla ces the very banks of the rivers) cypress swamps, affording trees ef the greatest magni tude ; hilh; ornamented with red cedar, and oak k v. o'hIh, furnishing materials for staves and shin gles. must e.\cito*thu attention of commercial ?:ntei prize, and creatc an immediate intercourse between the waters of the Mobile and the ports of the Atlantic. Hitherto the trade of the country hns been on a mere temporary estab lishment. fturthcucd with a heavy freight to ?w-Oiloans, the planters hnve hail a serious deduction from their prices, and in fact, been loaded with a heavy tax Uj enable them to send their produce farther fro >?? intirktl ! ! The im portance of tfie trade of this country will in < roa<e with the increase of population, and cap itals will lie invested in ir by men, who only yesterday heard of the existence of such a coun try. ' % ilut llic preceding view of the situation of i1ih country and nature of it* i i\rrn, not only J**ad to an anticipation of a speedy trade with the Atlantic utatca?with tin* West-Indies, ?m1 ??ven with Ktirope ; hut il art'urdv every reason to believe that tin* Toinbigbv, at no distint day? nuiHt become the channel of n great enmmerei ul intercourse with western America. ? It seem* to l?e a very short time indeed, sinco tho pro duce of that country began to float down the Mi<-*iWippij and it was then a inattor of great <l'iidit among the best informed men of Keutiic* k> , whether returns could ever bo mado from the fiulph of Mexico, with any advantage, ex cept by mean# of the Mobile and Torrdngby ri vpih. ft was about the year '0.? and '1)7, that the navigation of tho Mobih became an object of great expectation to audi inen as the late attorney general, Mr. nrerkcnrirfgo, and other men of foresight ntid penetration, whose patri otic mind* were often (midied in forming anxious < .ilculations, on the sources qf their country** future prosperity. The invention ?.f steam boat* ha'< rendered ?lie navigation of the Tombigby le/ts interesting to the people of th#? Ohio country than it was at that pciiod > but it continue* still to be of vast impoilanco to a large proportion of the Tennes? vim! country t and when steam boat* shall navi j.ate the Mobile wutura fiom Mobile Point to T.iinerij?to~?it is not improlmble that tho people ol the Ohio country, will regard this route as a rioie eligible one for the introduction of foreign couimoditic*, thatithutof the Mississippi. Mo* bile Point is considerably more accessible by fo reign vessels than Ncw-Orlcan* ; and tho'dis tunceof Mobile Point from tho mouth of the Tennessee l iver by the Tombigby and Tcnnes tec id Komcwhat less than that from New-Or leans to the name place, by tiiu Mississippi :? tho current of the Tombigby is vastly gontler than that of the Mississippi, anil the current ef tho Tennessee U in your favor. Ah to the peo plo of tlio Tombigby and Alabama country, whoso west country produce reaches them thro' the wonderfully circuitous route by New-Or leans ; it is of immediate and pressing interest that the navigation of one or both of their on n rivers should imj retorted to. It will probabl y reduce the price of their flour, at the rate of at least thirty |>er centum : and as the prospect of a market Kir cotton, will cuuse a ^rcat proportion ef that labor to lie devutcd h? its cultuic, which has heretoforo been cjpeti ded in the cultivation of corn? die use of flour for bread w ill in tiiue become prevalent in the country. Indian corn w ill become more fcarcc than it'has been. Tho people must have bread ?they will cuntcnt themselves with flour, and they will be able to purchase it. Cotton bag ?(iny, cordage, whiskey, iron, and other article* supplied by the western country, must also Uml their way to the Toiublgby settlements, by the channel of its own waters. Nothing lias ever been attempted for improv ing the navigation of tlio Tombigby river, or connecting it with tho Tennessee, if* wo except the oponing of a road by order of the war de* partment: but whenever there shall be converg ed a truly enlightened and patriotic state legia latui c, in which the |>opulation of the Mobile country shall have its legitimate weight?it surely must become one of the first objects of their attention, to devise uml executo plans for commercial intercourse between that country and the w astern states, and for rendering iU i ivcrs one of the great high ways of western [ commerce. , ' I Such is the immense importance of improve incut* having so great an end in view?tiiat it i* an object of the lirst magnitude, that iwdivli stun of the Mississippi Territory should take plait. which wotthl constitute* two political communities on (he waters of the Mobile. If a line be run "across the" territory from east to we*:t, agreeable to a suggestion made in con* j gres?s } the strength of the country will be divi ded : a spirit of opposition, or oi' indifference from other quarters, will be more operative :? i plans for the improvement of our navigation ! which would rctpiiie the united energy of all I concerned in them?would bo adopted with dif ficult v, and would remain ineftbetual till they had the sanction of two distinct and indepen dent legislature*. [ The other primmed line of division by means , of the Tombigby or Pascagoula, would bo pro ductive ofconsequences e(|ually injurious. Na ture has already, by the intervention of Jarge extensive bodies of poor land, thrown tho pop ulation of the Mississippi territory into too ma ny remote ami unconnected settlements. To create new diviiions by artificial political at ;r,v,Titv. 'ri,Sterne, tin* Alabama, the Tombigby, the Pascagoula, and its tributary streams, the ('hickusawhay and ICstaphache, are the same. Those settle ments Isate always been, in a great degree, uni ted. Their trade pas?es, fur the most part, through the same chaiim-l. They are neigh bors. They will away? l.armoiii/.e in general arrangements lor promoting the trade and pros perity of the country. To sever them assun iter, would he to ruin them. It would lie, to( destroy at one blow, the importance of the Mo*l bile country. No division of the territory*, in deed, can be made in the present state of (Kings, with any advantage.' i Formerly, iioil.mbf, when tlicprepotiilrr.inic if population was so great on tlte Mississippi ns to extinguish all reasonable hope, dial the scat of government in n territorial district of 300 miles wide, would ever' be removed from one extremity of it \ formerly a division by IVnrl (liver, appeared desirable lo the interests of the people cast of that river, They seemed to stand iu the situation of a province of a pro vince. Hut now that n large acquisition of country Ium been made of the Crock nation, and the,population of tho different parts of the ter ritory u pretty well balanced, we liavo everv reason to believe, that on the establishment of A ?toto government, e?jual justice will be ren dered to every section of the country. Hc-sidc*, tho evils of too extensive a territory arc fcit more under a territorial form of government, than they need to be under a state trovei umcnt. In n territory much necessarily depends on the knowledge and judgment of tho chief execu tive. If his power has too wide a range ; lie must be destitute of tho knowledge necessary ill its exercise. Hut when a state constitution is framed?its provision* may Ik adapted to the actual situation and extent of the country.? Our new stall*, no doubt, will lie immensely ex tonsive i but let it lie I'Mucniheicd that intrc than one half of the land within its limit* in owned by the Indian tribe*, and that the re maining half, contain" vich a wonderfully dis-, proportionate quantity of worthless land, tiiat centuries may elapse before tSie population * ill bo very considerable. Situated m we now nrej ??the question of division ought to tie laid asleep. Wo have not, and shall not have for a tang' time, more than population enough for a very I moderate state : and the present prospect o{ an equal diffusion of that population to its <H)Ter ent extremities, furnisher almost mi assnKtice that principles of equality and reciprocity will control the measures of the new government. In tho progress of human events, it may no doubt become expedient to the general interests of the nation that two or more states should he formed out of the Mississippi Htate : but as we know not the circumstances which may require such nti arrangement | no arrangement which wo can adopt can bo made to meet those cir cumstance. The question of division, there fore rauat rest with posterity. ? They will have before their eves the circumstances which cre ate the iiecciuiity. They will be best'able to judge of tho measures which those circumstan ces shall dictate. Whether any division will gvor bo neceworv, and if necessary, what ought to bo tho pvlnci plcs on which it shall bo made, must depend on events which aro contingent* and which tho pre scut age cannot take into it* calculation*, nor render the basin of it* arrangement, unless it could look into the womb of futuritv??Halcyon. L1TKUARY.' UKNKUAI. HKVIKW O? !IYItOM*H HOKMB. We aro not so little conversant with tlx* human character* and especially with the habit* of authors, as to trust to their promise* of sileuco*? We know that in general when a disputant say* ho will not say one word more, he mean* that he in fully determined to liavo the last word, and wo du not give a poet credit for greater modora tioti. In our criticisms, therefore,' on lord Myron's Corsair, in (he dedication of which lie annunced his intention to forbear trespassing, as he .nodestly c:;prc?*C* himself, upon the public patience for some time, though we thanked him in the name of common sense, to?d poetry, and sound morality /or the promised forbearance, wo woro not *uch simpletons a* to cxpcct that, as long ns there was loft remaining In story a vagabond ruflian, and a hlackoycl maid to be celebrated j as long as any men, women, or children could be found to endurO the repetition of the Kamo -gaudy confusion, and distorted sentiment in broken verse, that tho same com binations of blood - and debauchery, the poet would eeaso to take advantage of the infatuation. We did hope, however, that lord ttyron had determined to izj do.wn his pen for a Reason, in order to lafjMp a little ihoro of that abundance which tho greater scene moral exis'tct)fy?- uo always spreading befo the contemplative mind ) and to learn, by better acquaintance with the higher fonns of poetry, what' are it* noblest ends, and what is Iho authentic btamp of its value. When the little poem that succeeded to the Corsair made its appearance with all the old characteristics about it, an like to the former production* as a one pound bank-note is to another one pound bank-note, and with as little difference in value, we were still not in despair ; because we con sidered that his lordship's muse had been too long under the influence of her Turkish habits, at once to renounce the harem, and that some fruit of her former connexions was yet to lie got rid of before the ancient ties could be completely dissolved. Hut alas! aftere allowing the full time for the consequence of former had habits to pass away, we aro mortified to find this self-same iiinr of lord Ilyron attain a delin quent, and performing her vows'of chastity and seclusion by bringing twins into the world ; tho Siege of Corinth, mid l'arisina! hopeful pair! Imppy mixture of Turkish and Italian breed! possessing that genuine chst of physiogno my which iu one expression combines valour and apostacy, slaughter and sentiment, felony and feeling, profanoness and tend* ?" .sss, incestuous loye and iuo'*:..n ? I no (nu pnuma n lnrh ?re now prcscntcil to the public under the sanction of lord Hvnm'H re putation exhibit all the faults which have charac trrised his lordship's preceding cftuMons, with out the admixture of any of their merits, for me rits undoubtedly some of them have displayed, especially that poem which appcai'9 to have been sacrificed to new friendships with aome of those who were the objects of its spirited and just sa tire i wo mean the address to the44 Knglisb Hords ami Scotch Reviewers." To the " Cliilde Ha rold" we have also tendered our humble tribute of applause: but from that poem (in which, tho* thej'O was little to elevato, there was much to delight) the poet has tumbled down through sev eral successive stages of deteriority, with an in credible 41 vivacite de pcsantcur," to the lowest profundity of the bathos ; at the very bottom of which ho now lies together with his wretched l'arisina. To the same limbo of inanity we would gladly consign all those unholy images of ?daughter, sensuality, incest and infidelity, which have taken such poetical possession of ford I)v ron's brain. Tlie hero of lord ?y ron's pocir.p, \v!?.? in a!-1 ways a man tli.it has defrauded the gallows, i whether he he a (iiaonr. .1 CiiiMiir, or r Kcn<un-I do, 'm ?carctlv diversified by the different de grees of inirpiity bj \\i>:<h l.e i? c!inr.utv,ri*"d. What 'a js said by Martin diftbrtl ill-naturedly I enough to Drydc'n, might, with ? cJ.ango of the nanr.'s, lie properly addicted to lord ISyron:?] " I am strangely mistaken, if I huve not neon thi?* i very Almaiisor of yours in some disguise about i thiH town, mid passing under another name. IV, ytlu'C, toll me true, was not t!ii* HulVcap once the Indian emperor, and at another time did he not call liimsuf Masimin r" 6.<\ It might with greater propriety Imj enquired flf lord IIv ron, whether all liis heroes weir not one and the samy rn'He with an alio* only to distiugiii?h him, and whether the Venetian renegado at the niege of Corinth has an y I hi t<? give him a din. tinct personality, utiles* it be his bare arm in battle, and his ?pinliiii'.;t fpiivering, shivering, departure out of life : lor the poet turn represent ? ed him as making his exit in a sort of pirouette. Sallies of frantic depravity ; combinations of confused magnificence t half-told and half-smo thered motives to revengu t half-seiiMi.il and half-sentimental passion; dark or dark blue iceiiery: a horrific, group of dogs, and carl ion, and jackalls, and wolves, and Tartars* and Tur* cotiuins' heads and bones; to which may be add ed ull that the very Hignifk'ant line prcii'.ed to the work by way oi motto announcei, 41 lions, trtitn|?cii, liliiodcrhuiACs, drums, and thunder"? these, and more of a similar kind, are *?ningled in the first of the poems, now before us, in mo ludicrous an assemblage, as to make us doubt whether it was not the design of this voting no hleman to laugh at the simplicity of his admir* ers, and to trv how much of this stuff the stupid infatuation of the public would endure. The vehicle of tliis tasteless accumulation is a and lawless versification, whiftti ne'em* to pose to itself something of Ivric irregularis the simple neglect uf metrical consouancu methodical structure. < To enter into u detailed criticism upon v? work would, we feel, be mightily ridicul especially oh we are by mi means sure that poet is not trying a ludicrous experiment i the tolerance of lash'unable favoritism: for: all wo cannot without a Struggle surrender impression i<i lit\or of the author'4 gei which, with somo intermixture of di.<?U*t, Childo Harold created in our mind)!. \Vu i own that while we dwelt with great and glo? satisfaction pi) the many passages of p.u sentiment and imagery witli which the poem alluded to abounds, we regarded the char? of the C'litlde luuWelf with great suspicion i we coMainly did not flee in It iflte emoryo of delusive compound of a man, who, by an u tuial imxturo of heroism and crime, brut and scutimciit, wait afterwards to warp the | <;iple? of the young into an admiration, and bans imitation, of a very pernicious model. what increased our suspicion that there Home danger to public sentiment lurking in new poetical character, which would i.i > other forms further develope iV? malignity, the very obtrusive manner in which it was I forward in a picturesque poem, whose ol was to describo in rich and vivid colors th teresting scenps of .Turkish Greece, with t mixed sentiment# *of admiration and re which the awful traces of pristine uplendo the bosom of that fair region were calculate produce, Through these munificent seem poem has dragged along a re lining, repii ulasiJiymouH sensualist, sulky at any turu broifj^it new beauties to hi* eye, and in midst pf external glory and grandeur, lie about himself and lii's disappointment*, haunted by the ghost* of his departed pleav Hut although we were sorry that lord It had picked up this fellow, to set him in heart of ancient Greece* instead of leaving to do his duty on the Thames } yet, as lie so unmeaning a part in the scene, we ca say that he prevented us from enjoying the Hunt stau-/.as with which the poem of Childu raid is interspersed; but when we tiiul strutting in his cap and feather, the hero of ry subsequent poem from the bame hand, must confess that we totally lose our temper feel the most pleasing part of the perform to be that in which the grim-featured senti talibt sm renders his existence to one of i guns or blunderbusses which lord Byron en rates in the verv well-chosen motto of his sunt poem, us the instruments which he lu ways at hand to bting about his bloody c trophes. As the Cliilde possessed nothing of the p melancholy, nothing of that incising mi which sometimes belongs to n rich imogiu combined with a soft and tender dispositioi neither has the Giaour, or the C'orseir, or .S or Alp, any of tho-e properties which vi them to the true nml nutui.d sympathies ol reader; none of thorn delight* wIimU, " phiii'like, hiiowuil their hacks above the ele. tiiey li?%i| in ?? '1'liMV ?i*? a very i??now-n ed gentry, without noy sct^iuiems that < them oufof the selfish circle of animal pliM but covering all their brutal habits with tin pi'itory quality of desperute devotion to pretty ,y>oi?W. NVu cuuuot, however, sn much for Alp, (no hero of the poem now it hands, who liaving sulTercd some outrageoi di/oitv or some state persecution at Venici native city, enters a renegado into the se of the Moslems, and undertakes the sie; Corinth, of which lie anticipates the total truction, and where he knows the object o1 love, together with her aged father, must ce?surily be liable to perish in the general na^e, in order tube revenged upon his country. And even when, on the night b. tho siege, the ghost of the gentle lady vi her lover in his sail vigil under tike waif* ol city,and threatened him with the los* ofhe ami herself, lie remained true to I.i* turln. his Turkish creed, thus giving an oblique ference to the paradise of Man-mist atul t!. i lestial liouris. It muftt be owned, howover, in oe?Mii"??;" poem, flint it in meiitorioudy shurt, ami hlhc *tory doc* not require that painful ii!v j gutioii, mill, oh terrible thought . .1 corni 1 . ?al, to understand it* plot ami rat.v>< iipi- . .is we haw f#rmcrl\, ia our icin'u ol tin* w:iir, observed ihe uncertain ami my* out end i?f thai hero** e*i?tenrat hi.? lui? Iiiia amply provided lu-ti'i.it the recurrem Mich tlouMi ill hi* reader'* (??ill.I by ?hnorin ' rciu^uilo (load, ami thou hi ??winj; him up ! ^nn-pow der. We have here tliercfme a 1 plete certificate ol' hi* hero's dtatii; at! : mi,;ht Imped t-i.it after sutli a duublv disposition ?11 <>ur old out* nv, we who'tld have had to encouutur him ajrain: hut 11I 1 doc.- appear u^.iii, and in beheaded in no < poem in the mnn1 vol'inut. After f e di?ci j whic h hu had 11ml riro^I)|the tiego of Co .however, he certainly tW* mil appear i same bin* teeing ami ontra'ie'iu* ilia rat t j which lie had belbru preaenled himself, j ?II* f .co !>.???? *r ri of t1nm<l?v'??<! culrenc.liM, siiil I Sii tit li s ( tiled t li?ck " In n uOld, he i r.i'irc moderate and decern contnil< hinm'W witlikimplv defiling hi<t t.?i lied, for \\hiv:It he pearenbly submit* to a j. ? execution. And thu* the Child'?, whom w ? identified through all hi* fvlonion* brou?ht to bit appropriate end, and poetJ< tit e is satisfied. lint ir? are not v* well nati?(lcdi and \\< tell our readers why :??becauno uc have ami (liu^hter* : but thi* it but a partial ri ll't 114 add?bei nuKo Hritannia Iuh hui? daughter#, and in the duration of their (1 teriatic virtue and mndeaty we behold tin pledge of the continuanco of o?r liaitpitie* great nemt. Wo do n/it nay that foul I means to interrupt UH? hftppmew or grev