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vegetable ; ami (lie manner*, tho iiutiuch, the uroiterties, whether noxious or useful, of (he an imal kingdoms, can give to ever/ subsUncc, which it possesses, or can obtuiu, every appro priate use ; can procure for them their ultimate value j can convcrt them, at will* into instru ment* of pleasure, of lichen, of grandeur or of power. No people have ever yet attained this high point oV nntional improvement, none, |*rhaps, wilf ever attain it} but exactly in proportion to the progress of iu improvements, compared to its extent and local situatiun? will he the rela tive station, which ea.h country will occupy in the scales of nations. Ilow important then noes it become to give to the pursuits of science eve ry encouragement which they require and can receive. That wo endeavor to stimulate the rising generation, by example, by commendu tion, by the prisj'ect of literury reputation, to lubors nud inquiries, which may ndJ still more to national than to individual benefit. He who makes an important discovery in art or science, frequently adds to tho wealth and reputation of his country, lie who elevates her literary cha racter becomes* its benefactor. It in not ca?y to determine how far each sci ence contributes to the general mass, or '?. esti mate its relative value. Forming one rnJiant circle they mutually support, they mutually en lighten each other. The proud fabric of tumlem tricnce is composed of materials extracted from every quarry, and has been constructed by the labors of hundreds and of thousands co-operat ing iu one common design. Every ascertained fact, every new discovery in any department, adds to the general mass of knowledge, and en large* the circle of human observation and im provement. No inquiry should be abandoned as abstruse and uninteresting, none rejected as obscure or insignificant. No tribute sliould be withheld as ton humble or unimportant. Tho mighty streams that gladden the earth, and dif fuse wealth and enjoyment along their extended borders, are formed l?y the union of small and unnoticed springs. It is not the magnitude of the fountain head, hut the number of tributary streams that determine their size. and their im portance. Some branches of knowledge, from the sublimity of their views, from the certainty of their result-, or from their extensive applica-j tion to all the occupations of lil?>, may have the j higher claims to our notice } hut those uhich on-j !y serve to imlish or to decorate, merit also at tention. Ave should no more wish to deface the Corinthian capital of science, than to sap its deep foundations. 1 o you, gentlemen, who have formed this as sociation, it will he superfluous to extend these reflections. You have borne your testimony to the importance of its views ; it will remain with vou, by exertion, to give reality to expectation. V e arc component parts ol a nation rising into importance and power. We find ourselves sur rounded by rivals,jealous of their lights, pow erful in their resources, strong in arms, yet per haps depending less on the simple operation of physical force, than on the combined influence of commerce, arts and science. To contend with theso nations successfully, we must be, in all things, their equals. ? Wc must give know ledge to enthusiasm, means to ente?pri/.e, ami skill to courage. We find our naval and mili tary reputation rising with the dangers and dif ficulties that surround us j the energy of free dom will ultimately surmount the errors of ne gligence or fully ! but our literary character is tttiU unknown,' or unacknowledged. Amidst the convulsions of the civilized world, wc have beheld nations contending as strenuously iu let ters, as in arms ; extending to their citizens the Laurel and the Hay with equal enthusiasm.? Shall we feel no impulse of national emulation r Shall we not profit by their grrat examples r Khali we not witness, iu the splendid career of Mcieuce, their successes, and their triumphs, and make no effort <o give to our country, on the page of literary history, a %* habitation and a name.'' In the distribution of talents to na tioi:s and individuals, nature has been lilieral ulidjust. If she elevates but few to pre-emi Jient greatness, she condemns but few to incvi table obscurity 5 to most she gives the power and the opportunity of being useful 1 hut while she gives us talents, she leaves their employ ment to our own discretion. Let ine hope, gentlemen, that this society, small and hemble as may have been its origiii, may yet render soino service to our country 1 that it may awaken a spirit of philosophic in quiry j that it may recal some of our youths from idle and unworthy pursnitH, to the labors and pleasures of literature, that it may give to science some popularity. The small seed scat tered iu the wilderness may become a tree, un der whose branches the birds of the air bhall find food and shelter. The nameless rivulet may emerge to splendor and to usefulness't but to obtain our objects, or justify our views, it will lie necessary that we advance in our career with n zeal that shall not lie extinguished by occa sional failures, ami a perseverance uuconquered by temporary disappointments. MH1HCAL IIVDUOI'IIOIIIA, OH CANINK MADNKBS. Art over jr? means which afford* a prospect ci flier of mitigating or preventing tlie Hyoiploinn of thin terrible disenKc in entitled to our consi* deration and respect, wo communicate the fol lowing information, for the benefit of suffering humunitn in hoprt that by tliem; means the -knowledge may be inoro generally diffused. Dr. Mosely, an English physician of unbonnd eil'learning and great respectability, hai* pub Tished u work upon thin subject, which in a few } fears ban "one through six editions. The means to employs as a preventive, we are informed, has proved infallible in hundreds of instances in which he has used them \ and even some cas es whero the symptoms of hydrophobia had al* ready ap|*are<l, have been cured by the same treatment. In the first plane he cauterises the bitten part ?lceply anil extensively wili* lapis infurnslii, then applies a poultice to abate tho infiammr tion and promote suppuration. 2dly, ho cilii bits mercury to the extent of eft'octing the gumi usinc calomel internally, and in urgent case employs mercurial friction*. For relieving tli spasm he gives the ammoniatcd tincture of va lerian anu campho. Such in a nummary of tlio treatment, fror which, he informs us," that for upwards of 3< Tears, and in many hundred ca*cx, lie ha* neve had one failure." lie condemn* the practice <1 excision and amputation of tho bitten part, anno only unnecessary, but prejudicial & barbarous 'l his information is the more valuable, as tii work referred to iH very scarce in this country Dr. Mosely has had the politeness to forwari two copics' to the editor* of the Medical Uepq sitoiy, ?Urs. Mitchill and I'ascali*,) which, thro their friendship, we havo had an opportunity 0 perusing. INTP.KE8TIXO CASK OF SICKNK.S8. ] Miss ? f about six yvarn old, 1 found vf ry ill in the evening?she labored under a f>oi feet degree of idiotism ; she alternately mutte ed, groaned and laughed. livery limb and ? partaof her body were in ince**ant motion t hI wo dd pull or snatch at lite bed clothes, her 0* clothes, or any tiling else that came in hor waf she seemed to know no person, and if rhc tu< notice ot any, it appeareii to be accidental j to would attempt to climb the walls of the hoiv? approach the fire as if she would go into i' if permitted) she would go against any oltjeclor person, and fall over him, as if she were bli?l} she was perfectly listless, nud, therefore, unn'a sun improvidi ,mi\it; she would neither eanmr drink, und she imagined pins bturk in herhaid* and thnt she saw many things that were iu*pte< sent, as snakes, &c. In fact I thought every object ap|>earcd to her in a disguised and in a terrifying form. m tier pulse was little disordered, but her skit] was dry, and the pupils of her eyes were con* | derably abated. .< All the information that the family could giv me was, that4i she appeared well when she at the table to dine} but, while eating, she came very sick, puked, her face became " ted, white and red, that she soon grow Vi and out of her senses." 'I'he family demanded of me, in a fow m after my anivnl, what I thought was the matt with her r 1 candidly replied, 1 believed sh hud eaten some poisonous uerries. All the fuinilv, both white and black, assure inc 1 was mistaken, and that the child had uoj had any chance to eat any thing of the kind, aiu one person present, who partially practises me dicine, mentioned four complaints, with one o! which both he and tho family thought she most bo affected. 1 persisted in my opinion, and the ease watt confided to mo. 1 freely administered Ipecac, and Tartar Bmrtic. She was resolutely <?|?|>os cd to take medicine; hut I succeeded to give ho much as to vomit repeatedly. No poisonous berries came up. I therefore inferred they must he too far advanced in the common |Wttsago to be evaruated by puking; hence I gav? purgative medicines, and directed clysters to ?!??.??? <>l>or??iuu.i. K??uuuttona succeeded, lint no berries. She seemed to grow better, but tin; a membnent was transitory. More purgative me dicine was given, and at lout twenty-five ber ries of the Jamestowr (Datinu Stramonum) were discharged in one passage. These satisfied the family I was right in respect to tlie nature of the Complaint. More medicine wa* given* and nin ny more of the berries were evacuated?the child appeared hourly to mend, though with some appearances of occasional relapse*. She got perfectly well in a few day*. Perhaps the preceding statement contain!* in formation that may be useful. The substance of it was penned down by the side of the pa tient ; it is therefore more worthy of attention. It is now abstracted from a work called Medical Philosophy, once announced to the public, tho' not yet quite ready for the press.?Ewjuirer. OF RUDDKNIMBATII. When any one in cut off by sudden death, premature interment ought always carefully t?? be avoided, and no one under such circumstances ought to be interred until incipient putrefaction taken place : to the living \ keeping the Imily a day or two longer than iihouI can bo of Ii111? - or no additional inconvenience, and it may be the mean* of prolonging many a valuable life. In. specting a body within a very few bourn alt'-r death also deserves to be severely condemned. Examples arc not wanting in Kii|?land,whcrc the body ha* been opened so hastily after sudden death, that the internal parU have felt warm to the hand : at an instance of thin kind I was unfortunately a spectator. In Heotland there i? a custom if not a law, lot bidding the opening of thebmly within twenty four hour* after the death, and it is much to be regretted that the Maine pre caution id not taken in this country. Fainting, when it arises from an immoderntc !o*? of blood, will present uh with every symptom of death, but putridity, and in such a cane the appcaranco of death nan been no great, and the loss of sensation continued ho long, that the | patient ha* entirely been given over, even by d* medical attendant* j but after allowing the liody to remain at rest for a cosidernble interval of time, it ha* again revived, and thn patient eventually recovered. If, under these circum stances, the body be too hastily given over to the rough treatment of those whose melancholy office it into attend the dead, the feeble spark of life will certainly be extinguished. In several case* of hysteria the patient hn# frequently been supposed dead, ami afterwards recovered ? there is a horrid instance of this kin<i related by Lam-isms. A woman, seized with a violent lit of hysteria, was supposed to have died, and her fi lends desired her medi* cal attendant to open the body | as soon as the surgeon made an incision, she shrunk from the knife with a dreadful shriek, which hnd such an effect on thobye^tandem, that the operator was forced to 0/ for hit lift* I i.ijt once attended a cftso of thU nature, where i- |*rc wan every nppearanco of tlcatli \ tlie body i,lit cold, and mux oven rigid ; but, upon being (?lit into bed, mid proper meaiM applied, the ontieni in the am run of a few hour* recov ered. I li.avn Keen an account of atUuunital, noine .vhere on the Continent, ill winch it ih Mated, hut when a body \*u* deposited in the dead room, the handle of a boll tli.it would ring on tlx* diglitent motion, hah fastened in the liaml ol ft.o leceaHed, and tliut in one instance it had given ^thu aignal of returning lift-. * J MISCKLI, VN Y. Ttio subject which uncage* notice nt prcHcut is tho conuuctof Algiers. It in now mix centu rii'H since little mver nmcnt* liuvc been estab lit?he<l uii the nurthern shore* of Africa ( ami for linlf that time have been incesnnnt practisers of piracy upon tho commerce of Kurope. Of ten have propositions been made to put an end to them ; but no caucus have yet combined to pijduce a common consent in so generous a de ?i^n. Much ?n? expected from tlie ambition of Charles II. but eventually nothing wan done. Ki ?om Tripoli, great depredations were made on] the Knglish trade, ho tliat a fleet wan sent in l6r.l,to demand satisfaction. .Sir John Nar borough blockaded up the port, and sent all Iiin boats into the. harbor, under tho command of the afterwards* justly celebrated Sir John Cloudesl y Hhovel, ami burnt all their vessel*. The Tripo litans, uitdef the alarm, made an instant peace. Hut when a negotiation ensued for the losses tho Knglish sustained, they refused any uc'>n???v ledgmeot. A cannonading of Tri|?oli ensued, but without success { and the event made the Tripolitans more insolent. Whatever could be destroyed by the English wan destroyed, but the people were not more yielding. The )kl}i-iti?h licet withdrew to Malta, and, returning suddenly, so far intinddated the Tripolituiin an to get peace upon their own terms. Hut soon after, some of the vessel* of Tripoli canio back from their piratical expeditions, expressed their dissatisfaction, deposed the lley, and began to lake every Kn gli>h vessel tliey met. Tho Kng jlish a^ain ap|ieured and made a furious attack jbn Tripoli. Tliu peace was renewed, and tlie ^persons who had violated the treaty were deli vered op to vengeance. In a few years after wards the same admiral was sent pg.iio*t Al giers, who had violated Knglish property. Hy force a peace warn obtained, but for a short time only. Another expedition was necessary, and three years li.nl nut elapsed hut ore it hccauie 111 dispensable. The Knglish hail coiiceivwl tlmt bv other means thev might over-awe the Itarha ry states. They determined to fortify on IJm coast. The immctbP works of Tangier* were the result of i hi a policy. The difficulty ol the etecution did indeed rctanl. hut coultl not pie. irnt thin work. ami the expeuM* wan intalrula. lie. It was lininheil. and ??< a monument a>1 national energy. Hut the nation wan hooii op. posed to a work from wl.lt h it seemed to deiive no serious benefit, anil 1ai.iI l)art*ooutb w?? notitjiu iiuiimllHh il.c wiiikt. iiiiiI tlwVwne of the ibility of Charles II. for maritime alVairs was insufficient to gain public favor to thin vast ui.? .lertuking. In the same manner have the M;i? ? >ary states conducted in the past centn>\.? Powerful fleets threatened destruction, anil pro mised an end to their depredation*. Hut (he ?xpeditions. great as lliev neemeil in some few ?vent* have lol't nothing favorable to them in the general sentiment of Kurope. The work is just an it has been for three centurics. The |H>aco they make whenever their policy seems to require it, and they disregard it at the fin?t opportunity to violate it. They have ho often renewed their peace and violated it, tlmt it is the system of their nfTiirs, and no nation has any presumption bat from its power. The late lets of the Algerines Hp?in the result of the most desjwrat^ resolution ? hut a* lliey have no .Inaction in tlteir measures, their violation of pprperty and life mi'^ht an readily follow the first burst of passion ?it tl?r* most deliberate pur -, poses of revenge. The account* from Sardinia ippcar to have every circumstance of pr<ibuhili?| ty re*|iecting the fate of the Kuropeans in Ilona.l which i* within one of the governments of AI -1 giers. Ah the life of the lley may he offered 1 upon every change of measures, it in not to he supposed that Knroneans ran calculate upon any knowledge they nave of the country. It i? the force they can command, ami that only, tip. on which they can depend. And that nation which run display the greatest naval skill, the most enterprise, and the most pi\?e\ering cour age, will roiuiiiaml the best and tic* longest peace. It can he easily understood, that wlmt ovui obedience such a people might profess (h any power, it must be doubtful what obedience they would nay. It is because the court ol Constantinople leave* them iiimh to themselves that they seem to hold an allegiance to that power. Nothing is real and any attempt to as. <ert authority would produce as ready resistance to the Turkish as to anv other gntcmutent.? |Tha success of the influence of the I'. State must end where it begun. In the most po*i?i\c !demands, ami the full power to enforce them, ||>earewill be .sure through fear; but the first |circumstance which relates fear will create war. I The history of their treaties at the teutnle pe i rim I we have noticed, is coofirmcd bv the hi?to I ry ever .since. While tin v fear its thev will lo af, peace with us. Hut even the pence will be |attended with every wish for war, without anv calculation what tli^ |>eace or war in.iv cost I them. We are not to Hiip|H)se this chitriM tei of the llnrlmy powers is common to all tlieir -ob jects. or hehl by any in an e<jual debtee. Thev liave the same manners at home h* tiiey have a j broad. A.? we observed, Tunis secure* its trea sures by its acknowlodgments to the cities o| t Algiers and t'ouslailtiiieple. A constant jeal lotMV exists, and the countries which are subject i to the cities, have all the iuteickt which the con , tending interests can give tlicm, and in their di [vwions '.hey are more surely at the will of their proud master*. Wo discover from Kr that the treaty lately made between that try and Altjie.rn l?a? been a Mubject of im| v?*n in parliament, and public assurance ?fen given of koiiio lliiniw which arc d< mil to be in it. 1 tn real character i* v known. In Kurupo tins events of the ium1 nut bci'ii agreeable to exprrtution tlaian power* still find themselves expos ?:il uncommon irnolelicc murks tVis aite o tical adventure*. Tho various projects 1 le.nr.e iiiunt ultimately depend upuii tin* < ionci of tl?? maritime stress,lb of Great* ?wemurtt ? lierefore expect, while llntis! merer i-? invaded, ami Jtritinh -.uhjectn an ncrt v tlcHtmved, moro serious designs tu r the llarbary Ht.itco, than f:on all other put together.?AW.r /frgiftcr. TIIK PAINTKR DAVID. Thin celebrated artist, notuithsfnmli account of his execution, published in t)|. p?|>crrt, appear* to bo still alive. The Mi of Jon? 21st iw?yHf that In-1 ha* been nxih also disappointed ill inn view*. He wi: tie employed by the kim: of I'rtiMia n* in* of arts, hut hi* request had been refuse Home accuiint of this extinordinary chn \vIk? Iiiih U*(urcm! an much upon th?' politic* a? ill tlio tiier.-roof art*, may ho interesti Hive our render* the following particu hint, from the pen of Sir John Can*.?-V " During my *tay in l\irin, 1 visited 0 lory of David. Thin eeluhruted artist has eil a fortune of upward* uf two hundred and pound*, awl i* |termiited by hi* great and friend, Bonaparte, to occupy tho wing of the old paluco, from which over man uf trcniu* and science, who watt ontl reside there, lias been removed to other in order to make ruo.n lor tin* reception grand nutional lihrary, which the first cot tend* to have deposited there. Hit assor :ue vcrv magnificent, and ftirtiinhed i taste, which In; has. bv the inlhicmtc of hi ami hi* elegance of design, so widely a' c.esnfully difliised. \\ ItiUt I \?as seated mourn I cmild not help fancying myself .< purary ol the most tasteful tiiu?ot tirecc nicH and robus were caielennly but Kr:n thrown over the ;ili<chairs, which we rounded by elegant ?taloen, ami ancieit1 rii-s no dinponi'd an to perfect the chinnic. ?iuti. 1 luiiml hut id in hi* j;aiput; the hack i-?m?itl on a (Minting. Hi: v.ore ty robe and an old hat. Kit eve* are da |?euelialiii;r, ami Ih-uui with the luitru ol'i 111* collection of panitin;n ami statue*, ai ny ?it !?is own -tutue*, afforded a perlet ijuet. He was then occumud in drawim; portrait of l)una|>Mrt(!. The presence ol coveicd the gratification with jrloom. me. i;i toe bosom of" that art, which ia wii her divine associates to soften tin* snuls o I beheld tin* remor?eles* judge of his sov< lh<-destroyer of liis brethren in art, and < (lni .last and confidential friend of Kobe* David** political lilr is too well Known. I the late scenes of horror lie wan asked by iiiiuintance, Itow many head* hud lulh-n the ?catV<>l?l that duy t to which lie is haul to have replied, " only one liutidied and ty ! Tin* i.rnds of twenty thousand nmn tail liefo,e the threat work of |j)iiluso(>hy accomplished." " It is related of him, that during; flip of the Mount.nit, he carried his port folio front of the scaffold tu catch the hint en of expiring nature from the victim* of lii> lutionary rage. ?? lie directed and presided at the up funeral solemnities of Lepellcticr, who v ba?suiat? il at I'at is, in which hi* taste a trniHic knowledge ??l* the ceremonies of t cient* on similar occasion*, were eminent played. " i'he great abilities of thin man alone ci iiim to survive the revolution, which, stra relate, linn, throughout its ravages, presv veneration Ibr science, and in general pro her distinguished follower*, Ilnnnptute | possesses great taste, *> that instinct supci | st'tdv, Hmer tnan reasoning. and more j than reflection,' entertains the greatest | ration for the genius of David. aitd alnnv suits him in the arrangement of his pai | and statues. All the costume* of govcn I have been designed by the artist. u David is not without bin adherent*. 1 many pupils, the moiih of res ectable, ami ol them noble families, residing in dii parts of Kurope. They arc paid to be mu tacheii to him. and have formed themselve a military cnrp?, for the purpose of occasii i'oiiijj honor to him, and were latelv at the ol revenging an insult, which hnd Ih'< !i o to his peison, in a manner whirl), if pevnet would have required the interest ol their n to have saved tiiein from Hie scaffold. | '? lint neither the |> rations prolp'tion <?l | tnlar In vol*, nor the splendor of urn 'called |ti?-s ran restore their polluted i affection* and endearment* of sm inl mien ? ! flumauitv ha* drawn a ?:;Me circle ronni: j lie lead* the lift* of a ? ?rmcribed e\ife in t' t rv centre o* the i:ave*t cty in Kurope. I I iflooniv ihftile of iiiiv'owcn ?erlu-i-m. Ihm hi* uti'jladileneil hours, in t'ie hopes of I In* guilt with his irlory. and of |.'r?i m ? , posterity. h\ the energies of his ii.j'i?H? i liiil*, -ome atonement for the l.jv ac ami i ; that political hurt i? ane, of which h<* dne<t< ? ?11 v ami befriended the i'esol.?tioiis a'; | i % t otempurarv object that ualure had etid? ? <nd virtue consecrated/* Mt 'sir A IMiibnionher of London, h.i* d *rover? 1 importa t ?!efect in the prevailing theoiy ol | iiioiiv, ft? ui the evifctenre >>f v?l irh no om hitherto b en ?b'e to remove nuomroiis in !fi'(tioti* from keved mu*ical instrument*, v ? have been long a reproach lo t;.; *Jen Harmonies, ami which lender ?? im|w?*ibl ' a good voire t.# accompany t'lem in *1 ?w m ? such as wined ^ettfilly i*. Vhi? gcntU