University of South Carolina Libraries
TilE MITER INNER. 1. S. RICI TA RDSON, .i R. a. trons. JOHN R. LOGAN, r WEDNESDAY, APRIL26, 1851. [ Persons wishiinr to see us upon business connected with the Paper or Law, can find ns at any hour during the day, except from four to live in the afternoon, at our office, just back of Sot.oio s' New Store. All business connected with the paper must be transacted with WI.LLA Lewis, .outx S. Rircattunnox, jr., or It. C. LoGAN. Mr. It. C. boJ.AX, the Foreman of Banner Oflice, is our only nuthorised Agent to receive mHoney and give receipts for the same, and may always be found at the Banner Olice. All letters addressed to the Banner must be pre-p-aid to insure attention. Notice. The Vigitant Society of Sunitervillc, will take notice that iand No. 6, will turn out fromt Mlunday the 1st *of Mtav. for the twni term.* L.-1'. .LORIING, Pres't. J. 11. DING1E, See'ty. May 1st 1854. COTTON MARKET. CIIAtLKsTO\, A.ItIL 24. There was a good dtnnd to day and transactions generally at former prices, except the strictly nidulling and good niiddlings fir which prices ruled iore in favor of holders than at our last weekly notice. Mic inzie's Vaud41ev~ille Troupe. We stepped into the Town Iall, on Monday evening, during the performance of this Troupe. 'T'here was not a very large crowd assembled, but those who were present seeted t o be enjoying them selves very much. Miss KATE McGaIE Gon performed well in her favorite dances, and very manifestly to the great e' elight of all present. This Troupe exhibits some thing new for Sumterville, and very differ ent from any thing attempted here before. To those who like such amusements, we doubt not, Mr. McKENZIE will afford am.. ple interest. They wdll perform in the Town IHall to. night. Tickets to be had at the Hotels and at the door. Dreadful Shipwreck. Our exchanges conmain the account of a dreadful shipwreck, which occurred on Absecon Beach, during the storm on the 16th Inst. The unfortunate ship was the Powhatan, bound for Nei' York from Havre and ladened with some 400 emi. grants all of whom were lost. Ex-President Fillmore. We see from the Charleston Courier that this gentleman, with his friend -Air. ICENNEDY, has been enjoying the hospitali ties of the city of Saana an:3 al expected to visit Charleston, where he will doubtless be received in a style comn. miensurate w~tihi the high reputation for hospitality and liberality which the"~Queen city of the South "las so long enjoyed and so well deserved. We dotbt nut that Charleston will do abundant justico in honoring the mian who so faithfully per formed his duties when~ occupying the highest and most responsible position to which an American cant aspire. The Euruopeana Wsar. By the arrival of the steamship Jlerann from Eturope, all doubt in regard to the war is att rest, by the publication of the declaration of' hos. tilities by France and Etngland uagainst Russia. This is no startling fact, but one, that has beein aticipnted and only postponed fronm the dread, with which the enlightened wvorld niow regards fields of -blood and carnage. What miay be the result of such a war no human foresight can devine, and what part~ the United States may have eventually to bear therein is wrapt in the impcnetrable mists of tile future, still there is no reason ont our purt to dread tihe worst, that might happen; our involvement, wich is extremnely itmprobable ; France and England know too wecll the prosperous condi tion of this coutntry, .to hesitate in~ yielding us our rights as neutrals, and from Rutssia there is ntothing to be ap prehenided.' From the seat of war there 'is no further news, but a collision between the Russian and n1 llied fleets is looked for. Prussia and Atustria have not declared their position anid will probably retmain undecided, until forced, by the contending parties into the fighyt. The rise of the republican party in Europe is evidently appre. hiended bty those, wvho have catuse to dread such a movement and hence peCrhaps the present lukewarmness of Austria and dread of sending abroad troops wvhich she may require for her own protection. Ef Coin is selling at sixty cents per bushel in Chatannoga, Tennessee. 'The supply onI.hand is said to be large. Dacon is selling at five cents per potnd, the hog. around, in middle Ten nesssea, g@" In th~e cot~rt of. sessions at Lasurcns, lastdeek, KICNMAN, tried for Negro Stealing, was found guilty andi sentencedl to be hung. Negro Trial. The trial of the other negroes im plicated in the murder of Mr. CRAIG has just come off: The trial occupied three. days, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday last. Nine of the negroes belonged to Mr. Gao. MoC. WITHEn sp'oos, and two were the property of )r. r'lou;w.r.. The trial took place at Landford befIre Mfagistrate Connoll. Four of Mr. VITuEnspooN's negroes were found gni'ty, and sentenced to be hung on th - first F. iday in June next. Ve understa-id Mr WITIIERSPoON will appeal for a new trial. Praie irhere praiseln Due. A writer in the Intelligencer of the 21st inst., n flourishing paper published at Pe tersburg, Va., makes some very compli. mentary and fair remarks about Snnter. ville and the "lJarllco House." We have frequently spoken of the style in which things are conducted at the " Harl. lee lonse" by its attentive and gentle. manly lost ' WrI.I:.a.9: S. MITCELL, of whoe well furnished and richly laden ta ble we have had frequent evidences afford. ed us, and we are glad to see that the pub lie are beginning to appreciate his efforts to please. ~Thus spea'ks the Inlclligencer: "In our recent visit to Charleston we had to pass through the village of Sumterville, in Sumter I)strict, boilt going and return. ing. It is one. of the stopping places on the Wiltnington and Manchester Railroad, about 141 miles from Wilmington, and ahout the same distance from Charleston. The passengers, according to the present mail arrangement, take breakfast there going South and dinner coming North. We were so much pleased with our enter. taintat :.t, and with the general appear ance of, this village that we determined to give it a brief notice upon our return. It is a remarkably neat and quite a pretty lo. cality, containng about 1500 inhabitants, and evidontly progressing. The avenues of green trees (mostly the water oak, as it is called there, but known as the willow oak in this region,) with which it is adorn. ed, are beautiful. There are three or four Churches, several stores. a very handsome Court Hlouse, and an excellent Hotel, The lanrlIee House," kept by Mr. Vil. flam S. Mitchell, whose table and atten tions are such as to entitle him to the most favorable consideration of all who stop with hitn. We particlarly commend him and his establishment to the travelling public. The country -around Sntte, ville has an improving aspect, and we understood from ;cle. to iour inquiries is fertile and pro ductive. The Wilmington and Manches ter Railroad is rapidly enhancing its value, and it will in the course of a few years be one of the finest and most thriving re giotis in South Carolina. ITEMS. A rumor has reached New Orleans that fifty America ns had been arrested at San Blas for landing without the proper pass ports, and that they would be shot. The skeleton of the Mastodon, dug up at Newburgh, N. Y., a few years ago, is in the possession of Dr. Warren, of Boston, who has erected a lire proof building for its preservation, 'at an expense of about ten thonaand dollars. It is twelve feet high, and weighs twenty-two thious and pounds.' Washington correspondents state it to be the intention of our government to OCCupy the Mesilla valley, in consequence of the rejection of the Gudaden treaty. Our exchan. ges contain accounts of a snow storm in Greenville, Spartanbunrg anid Anderson Districts on Saturdu y 15th and Monday 17th inst. POWVDEn.-A well known French gtun. smnith Devisme, has invented a new kind of powder, which explodes when dry or moist, costs less, anuY'is mnade more rapidly than the oi dinary powder. Correspondence of the Banner. PHIILAnEI.PJIlA, April 10, 1854. A Plea f'or the "Know Nothings." Massas EnTons: li a former arti ele on this object, wve showved in a very brief and cursory manner, the purpose for which the "Know Noth ings" had been formed and the princi. pies by which its founders and supj porters were actuated in projectin g and sus' ting such an organization. It is our pturpose in this commnunica tion 'show the, progress made by this organization during the year end ing Dee. SIst, 1853. P'revious tothat yearthorrsod as follo-.s: N.Members, 1 1,000. " Newspapers, - 2 A m:'t in Treasury, *30,000. Tracts published, 13. In 1853 a considerable advance. ment was made by thenm in every way~ as the following statistics will show. No. members joined, 30,000. "Regular " 41,000. " Newspapers publish'd 6. Ainmount iln Treasury $75,000. The order is nowv most. numerous in Newv York City, Boston, Blaltimiore and Philadelphia. It is also scattered exteni vely over Massachusetts and New York State. The " Know Nothings" hold their meeings in secret and no one except the initiated knowv the hour and place of meeting. The utmost secrecy is ob. served in all their proceedings. And as regardsa election the same secrecy is observed.E- Very often the names of their candidates are never published or rsiadea .publio .excepb. on the day of election when they proceed to the polls quietly and vote for their candi date. In this way men are elevated to office without any of the "outsiders" knowing or dreaming that they would be voted for, much less elected. It is true that many have opposed the " Know Nothings " on account of their being " secret societies ;" but it is only by practising secrecy that they can be secure from fraud or imposi tion. We neglected to mention in the proper place, that there was a large and flourishing society of this order in Washington City. It was only organ iz:'d in January of this year, and now numbers over 400 members. We are aware, Messrs. Editors, that the views we may have set forth in re gard to this subject may not be ao. ceptable to many-perhaps to a large majority of the Southern people. But let the opponents of that noble order be present in Few York City cn " Election day "-stand by the ballot box and see hordes of foreigners led up in bodies, drunk and bribed-see many of then committing perjury knowing that for fifty cents their sins can be forgiven by man. Lot them, we repeat, see decent, naturalised Pro testant citizens, and intelligent, honest natives bullied and driven back by hired bullies, and he will no longer oppose any society of men who would fain remove such a dangerous disease from the body politic. VERITUS. From an Occasional Correspondent. AUGUSTA, GA., April 32, 1854. .Afessrs. Editors: Heartily tired of the monotony of village life, and anx ous to breathe an atmosphet e more congenial to the taste of youthful hope, I stepped into the cars at Orangeburgh Depot on Thursday last and turned my eyes westward. I soon met up with some of my acquaintances with whom I entered into conversation, and the fire horse landed me on the Branch ville platform in less time, perhaps, than it takes to tell it. There I took the Hamburg train, on which I also found several very agreeable acquain. tances. Among them were Mr. C. W. of my own District, whom I always like to meet on any occasion. Mr. O. A. C. of Columbia, quite an enterpris ing young man, who delighted me with a development of Bank facts and prin. ciples and Rail Road statistics; and last but not least, a young married la dy, Mirs. E. F. fohrmer ly of my Die I ict, but nGw relsiig inC thel1 Si Geo'gia--for one of Georgia's hand. some youths stole her heart and in, duced her to leave her native soil. always admired her as one fair in looks and possessed of a noble and generous heart. Jmmsnr won a prize of great value in winning her affections; let him preserve it in its beauty and ex cellence, and rich must be the reward, You can easily perceive that these in, cidents of travel rendered my journey pleasant. Well, I landed in Augusta ab~out four o'clock, p. in., and took up lodg ings of sojoun at the Planter's Hotel, Proprietor, Mr. Simpson. By.the-by, Messrs, Editors, should any strange in faituation lead you to this place, you cannot do better than give Mr. S. 41 call. You will certainly be highly pleased with this house, every thing about it is managed in the proper way. At this season Augusta is undoubt edly a handsome city. Some of her streets cannot be surpassed in beauty and con venmience. F'rom appearances she is gradually improving and if she keeps her eye to certain projected Rail 14ads, she is destined to take a high apid permnment stand among the inland cities of the South. In her in corporation is one street, Green, which can challenge comparison with any of her sisters. It is full wide and beauti fully adorned with four row~s of trees which are now in foilage. She can boast of mfany fine buildings, private and public, but I cannot' particularize. On the .ighuth of May next a Rail Road Convention is to be held here, and no doubt there wvill be an immense assemblage of people at that time. It is .of course anticipated with~ a great variety of sussations, hopes, pleasures, enjoyments, and benefits. Many a heart will leap with joy as hand grasps hand, and old associations are renewed, kind words are uttered and reciproca ted, late promises are fulfilled, and happier days are predicted in the fa vorable signs of the times. When the Convention is dissolved, some may leave with empty pockets, some rich in gain, some with bricks in their hats. Yes, some~ may leave with hearts over flowing with joy, some bright in the hope of future bliss, and alas, some with saddened hearts and tortured brains, some the viotitns.ofE grief and sorrow. But let none complain, but trust in the wise diapnnatina of Him who holdeth the Universe in the palm of his hand. More anon. CALTON. r' v -.. _..0 0 .-....... For the Banner. Gov. Miasraisag & the Vigilant Society of Clarendosa. MEssas EDITORS : It was with pain and regret I read in your paper of the 12th inst., a report and resolutions from the Vigilant aeciety of Clarendon denunciatory of Gov. MANN ING for the too free use of the pardoning power. Three things strike me very forcibly in the action of the society, viz: 1st. The evident effort of the writer of the preamble and resolutions which so far from being confined to the history and vindicntion of the society, (which by the by has not been attacked) shows in its face, that the grand object of the writer is to manufacture a public sonti. ment against the Governor. 2d. The absence of the facts and representations made to Gov. Manning, inducing him to exercise the prerogative of mercy, with which the constitution and the labs of the land clothe him. (There are two sides to all questions, as yet we have heard but one.) 3d. The most important fact still, that this so ciety is self constituted, irresponsible and (and though composed as we know it is, of the most respectable citizens) has no higher rights, than any individual citizen-nay, not so much, (the individual citizen is known in law, but this society is not) whilst on the other hand Gov. Manning represents in his person as the chief Executive of South Carolina, one of the three regu. larly organized branches of the State Government, with cci ain prescribed duties to purform under that Govern ment. Is he the man -ntlamen. as you have well said in your Editorial, to put at defiance the law, or to per form the duties of his office and posi tion under it? We have indeed come to a pretty pass in South Carolina, it these self constituted irresponsible bodies or societies, are to overrule and overawe the action of the organized departments of the Government. Why sirs, cannot those very gentle men proclaim to your judicial tribunals if these tribunals fail to carry out their views and opinions, that they have " abused the power conferred upon them," and that consequently " they have forfeited the confidence of this society." Again Messrs Editors : Cannot these gentlemen with the same propriety call a meeting if their associ ation and denounce the law making power, the General Assembly of the Stu, heoter ~ranze anch of tl.e Govern ment, with the same propriety ( for not carrying out to the letter their view of matters) as they can and have done in the case of Gov. Manning ? Th'le truth is, M~essrs Editors, in my opinion these Gentlemen have acted hastily and under the influence of feel ings, of which they themselves are not coneious ? Their high respecta bility alone gives consequence to their action, and in the heat and furvor of their feelings they have overlooked, in adopting and publishing to the world these denunciatory resolutions against Gov. Manning, that they arc setting one of the most dangerous precedents known in the bhatoy of all Govern. ments, viz: An effort to bring one of the organized departments of Govern. ment under the lash of self constituted and irresponsible judges ; or in other wvords subject to the chimer of county crossroad gatherings. I repeat that those gentlemen must have been for getful of the dangerous example they are setting. But Messrs Editors, what are the facts in this case ? What has been Gov. Manning's action in the premises? Without knowing the facts, I under. stand that they are substantially these, viz : At Fall Term 1853, two persons were convicted for trading with slaves and were sentenced perhaps for six mont4 imprisonment. The friends of the parties called on Gov. Manning a few weeks ago, petitioning him to remit a few weeks of their imprison ment. Th'le condition of their famiilies, thc long imprisonment al ready endured and the planting season passing away without seed in the ground, but par ticularly the delicate and distressing situation of the wife of one of the pris. oners, all combined to induce him, to take off afew weeks of imprisonment after months of incarceration within the walls of the Jail, had been sub mitted to. I say sirs, that I under., stand these are substantially the facts of the case ! Has this been an act or acts worthy to be denounced in such strong language ? Suppose QGy, Manning has erred ; has he not erred on the side of mercy ? Ia he not sue tained by the principles of all law, both human and divine ? Messrs Editors, I will not com-. mhent further on this, I think unneces sary and unfortunate movement of the V'igilant 8owinty o, nC' PlndoA. know most of the men composing it. They are my friends, and if I have uttered one sentence that grates harsh. ly upon their ears, I assure them that it is unintentional. I am sure that I have written no offensive one. My sole object is to do Gov. Manning jus. tice and to point out to them how open they are to assault and re-crimi nation if one was so disposed as to make it. It will indeed be a dark day for the weal of the commonwealth of South Carolina when irresponsible bodies of men can assemble and by their action controll public sentiment without rhyme or reason. BLACESTONE. P. S.-I understand the Watckman published the report and resolutions of the society, though I have not seen it in that paper. If so will the Editors do the justice to copy this. B. The War. From the seat of war on the Danube there is no official intelligence of great importance; we must, however, soon hear of fighting in that quarter. The allied fleets are in the Black Sea, and Sit Charles Napier is advancing in the Baltic. The Russians are said to have abandoned the the island of Aland, and he can occupy it without difficulty. In England the opinion is being adopted that the war must be a long and hard one. They are looking carefully into their state of preparation to arry it on. Sir Charles Napier has issued the fol. lowing address to the fleet: " Lats: War is declared ! We are to meet a bold and numerous enemy ! Should they offer us battle you know how to dis pose of them ! Should they remain in port we must try to get at them! "Success depends upon the quickness and precision of your fire ! Ladd : Shar pen your cutlasses and the day is your own !" A pri-ate dispatch says that the allied fleets have entered the Black Sea. to effect a movement in conjunction with Omer Pas'-.. And another contains an account of a battle between the Russians and Turks, on the 22nd and 23rd ultimo. The Rue. mians attempting to force the passage of the Danube, and the Turks opposing them. The following is an extract from the letter: The passage was five or six times fruit. lessly attempted on the 22d. The at. tempts were renewed on the following day with as little success, until between 12 and 1, when a part of the Turks, for some unknown reason, began to retire, "slowly and in perfect order," from the entrenchments (probably to oppose the landing of the main corps from Galatch.) Ba degsees the Turks disappeared entirely fromt the bank of the river, of which be tween 4 and> 7 in the evening, the Rue. sians were in full possession. The latter certainly did not calculate on forcing a passage of the river at Matachin with the lo s of no-more than 400 men, half of whom- were-drowned, but such appears to have been the case. The passage about Tulsha, between that fortress and lsakt chs was,. however, a far more serious affair.. General Ushakoff had either to silence three batteries or to take them at the point of the bayonet. In the afternoon it became necessary to have recourae to cold steel. and a hattalion advunace to~ e attack. Within less than half an hour one half of the men had fallen, and a second battalion was brought up, but it fared as badly as its predecessor, A third. battal ion, however. succeeded in gaining a firm footing on the right. bank. Whale this sanguinary conflict was going on in the itmmediate neighborhood of th e batteries, other Russian troops, both infan try and cavalry, had crossed the river and advanced on the flank of the Turks. The M ussulImana, although fea rin ly over. mnatched, lought desperately for their guns twvo batteries of wvhich, with the exception if one gun, they managed to carry off The third battery was defended by three companies. which were completely our. rounded by the Russians wvho after a struggle of half an hour succeeded in se curing all the guns, though not until one half of the Turks had been killed and the other half taken prisoners. Private letters state the loss of the Ru.. sians in the engagement to have been 1,500 men. On the 24th the battle was renewed with increased fury both at Tult sha and Matohin, but when the post left :t was not knowvn with wvhat result. On the 23d the Russians auffered a severe de feat at that fatal spot, Olteniza. Their loss wvas far greater than was the case last autum, The number of killed and wounded is said to have beeh tar above 2,000 men, but this estimate 'is probably greatly exaggerated. At ali events, the defeat was so complete that it has some. what diminished thc moral effect produced by the victory at Matahin. On the follow. ing day (the 25th of March) the same correspondent wrote, "Gen. Ushakofi' has been driven back with: groat loss into Llessarab~ia, but the Rnasians are totally silent on the subject." Disastr~ous FA re. At between one and two o'clock this morning a fire was discovered in the third story of the extensive Drug and Chemical establishment of Messrs. P. M. Cohen & Co., situated in Hayno and extending through to marketstreet. Notwithstanding the energetic efforts of our indefatigable Fire Companies, who were quickly on the spot, the flames soon wrapped the adjacent stores in a blaze, and at 5 o'cloek--the hour we were compelled to send our paper to press--the establishment of Messrs. P. M. Cohen & Co., Z. G. Waldron & Co., F. D. Fanning & Co., Gilllilands, & Howell & Co., and Hav iland, Harrall & Co., had been destroy ed. The establishment of' Messrs. T. M. Horsey & Co., on the East, and Messrs. Courtenny, Tennant & Co., on the WVest of the buildings destroyed, were on fire as we indited the above. - Charleston Courier. in the addition to the above we eon dense from the Courier, of the 19th, the following items: The establishment of T. M. H-orsey & Co., Courtney, Tennant & Co., Hly att, MoBurney & Co., were destroyed, and much damage was done to sever al other large establishment eontiga. ous. The Charleston. Mantel had: as narrow esecape. The amount of nronner ~ con...s o'ir lands, and the owners do not wish to sell them-and as to the wealthy planter, it is not likely that an acces. lion of them could be had upon any terms, even if they would te nd to re moval of existing evils. The only way that occurs to the writer, is to offer inducements to mechanics of every description, ard let them form a class of themselves, with privileges liberally granted to them. We nave the means of tempting them, for the wealth of the South can pay them well, and the wants of the South will furnish them with employment. There is a way to bring them on, and that too with a very small sacrifice on the part of the planters-and if in truth there exists a necessity for it, the sacrifice will be made-if that can be called a sacri fice which brings the means of perfect security for all that we have. These remarks are made upon the assumption that an increase of the white population is necessary. Those who think so, may acknowledge the propriety of what has been said ; to those who think otherwise, we would submit for consideration, whether a nation having enemies can safely trust to their moral sense for justice,-or would they not act more wisely, to keep themselves, at all times, in a situ ation to demand and enforce it,-and is there any better way of preserving Southern institutions than by swelling the rauks of those who would be in. terested in maintaining them ? It seems to the writer that this whole subject is well worthy of profound consideration at our hands, and that it would be well, not only for Mr. A.. but others who are competent to the task, to give the State the benefit ofr their reflections upon it. D. NOE. White,. Slaver.. 1790......... 140.178.....107,09; 1800..........196.255......146,15. 1810..........214,196......196,365. 1820.........'237,440......258,475 1830..........257,863......315,401 1840..........259,084......327,088 1850.........274,563......384,984 Showing an excess of the Slave pop ulation of 110,421-and an increase, per cent. from 1840 to 1850 of 17 7L per cent., and of only 5 97 per cent.. of the Whites. In Virginia, the in crease per cent of the Whites for the same time was 20-77-Slaves 5-21 ; the whole White poulation 894,800 Slaves 492,528; excess of whiter, 422, 272. In North Carolina, the excess of population is 264,480. In Georgia, the excess of White populalion is 139; 890. In Alabama, the excess of. White population is 83,670. In Mississippi, and Louisiana, the excess is-on the side of tne Slaves. A new P. U. has been established in Spartanburg Distriot to-be called. Mount Zion Post Office, Will am .; Wingo appointed Post Master.. Holloway's Ointment and Pills haie af.. fected an Astonishing. Cure of an Abscess that die Fazculty pronounced Incurable. Rottert Parlett, mariner, of Wolsoken, near vs zsecacn, wasn afiicted with a dreadful abscess in the arm. lie had been two. years in a Hospital abroad,.and for a con siderable time in one at home, without re ceiving the least benefit,.and at last was given up by. the faculty, who prononeed him to be incuramble; but afier using Hlol loway's Ocntmeut anad P'ills for a sh~orti time the wound wvas completely healed,. and his health permannentiy restored.. This can be attested by Mr. Abraham Catlin,. and other respectable inhabitants of the pari.ih of Wolsoken. New and Wonderfiur MACHINE. WILLIAM STODDARD, PATENTEE' H E ubscr.ber hai ing purchased . te Rghtfor the Staie of South Car. china in the only Machine now invented,. for RIFTING' and SH AVING SHIINs. GLE8; BA RREL. IhEADING, .&c.,- is prepared to sell the Right o~ the Districts, or; single Machines,.-at. prices sufficiently low to make it an inducement- for pur chiasers. The 'Machine being simple-in-its- con structiona, and is not liable to get? out of order, is capable of spliting and Shaving. 'Two Thousand Shingles per hour,-bet ter than made by 'hand. It is poi-table,. and can be worked by hand, horse or steam power. TIen to fifteen days work o f a Machine will make enough Shingles to pay the piie asked for a sing le one. Large inducemients are offered to per-,,, , sons wishing to purchase the right of sev eral Districts. One of the Machines can be seen in operation in thte City of Au gumstay~at Wmi. H-. Goodrich's Planing Mill,. and one also may be seen in a abort time, at Mr. J. Witt's Machine Shop, at Edge.. field C. H1. T HOS. G. LAMAR. Hamburg, April 26, 1854 28 tf. Post Office Stamps. To Postmasters, T H IE Advertiser, Postmaster at P'leasant AGrove, Alleghany county, Maryland, is the first person in the United States, who conceived and undertook extensively to publish the idea of furnishing all the Post Offices in the country wlah cheap, Stamps. All Stamps made by him are wvarrantedj equal or superior to any other that can be procured for the same prie,. and whenever any are sent out in any manner defective or unsatisf actory, dupli-. cates will be forwarded on notice without extra charge. All who order a set of stamps with a full set of changes for dates,. only 82, (for thirty pieces,) shall bie kept in Stamps, adlibitum. Full set with. change. St. WVhen Stamps are nsetly made,, with, turned handles and screws,. sanme style at. the regular Post (~ic Stamp,. durable,. efficient.. warranted,. one to two- dpilars, only t and special authority to send by mail free. Address,. Poswma'tsr,. flleasant Grove,. 4 Aiheghany (County, Maryland. . . ?.-r" Any editoc publbahing. the above. with this notice. three- timne,.Anud mup a copy of thiepaper,. shall receiv oreda for ten dollars in wondlettesjor aten do~l. liar pes,.orrif-preferu'd..a wvsadken. er~s~goan engrated' news haea bdoL Seabotne-vlahm wint he- hLuaude is estimated at from $400.000 to 500,. 000 ; mostly covered by insurance. From more accurate estimate of los. es by the fire in Hayne-street-, than could be made before, it appears they will not exceed $250,000-buildings about $100,000, and merchandise $150,000. EsCAPE OF PRIsONEIIS-A DARING LEAP.--TwO fellows, named Henry Hoffman and Henry Thornton, con. victed at Troy of an attempt to mur. der an officer, made their escape on Wednesday last, while on their way to the Auburn State Prison. They jumped from a railway train when it was within ten miles of their destina tion, and going at the rate of thirty miles an hour. The officer left Troy with them on that day. They were properly shackled and handcuffed, and no fears were entertained that, thus fettered, they would even attempt to escape. Soon after leaving Syracuse, one of them feigned sickness, declaring to the officer that he was about vomiting, and wishing to got-on the platform. The officer not mistrusting him, nor even imagining that it was a mere pretence to get beyond his reach, took them on the platform, they being chained to gether, where they stood, he on one side of the car and the brakeman on the opposite side of the adjoining car. They .remained but a short time, when the sick man said he felt better, and soon after, as the train was going at the rate of thirty miles an hour, they both sprang from the cars and rolled over several times on the ground. The brakeman, on seeing it, sprang for the bell-hope, but from some un known cause, either from it being de tached from the bell, or fastened on the roof of a car, it would not give the word of command to the engineer to stop, and it was not until officer Phil. lips had ran through the train and reached the locomotive that the cars were brought to a stand-still. This was not effected until the train had raf half a mile beyond the jumping off spot. Officer Phillips and others im mediately retraced their steps, and in a short time wore on the spot where the prisoners landed, but they were non est. After a fruitless search of several hours, and not being able to gain any traces of them, he returned to Albany.-. Y. Sun. Encouragesuent .to White Labor. We find the following communica tion in the Charlhston Standard of the 19th inst., and deeming the subject worthy of thought and attention, give it a place in owl columns. The home truths presented should attract the notice of our capitalists, who may have been pursuing a suicidal policy : " Among the many ma' ters of in terest brought before the Convention, there was none that so completely pointed out what the-mechanics of the Sout-h.require, as the resolution intro duced by Mr-. L. M. Ayer, of Barn. well. M r. L, M. A.yor, of South Carolina, offered the following, resohution, and upon his motion, it was referred to Cormmitte on Resolutions, v'z.: Resolved. That dense population being essential to the development of the natural resources of every country, it be rterred to the general committee to prepare business, to inquire and re port on the propriety and expedienev of this Convention memorializing th'e States hero represented, in favor of the passage of general law exempting from. taxation, for a considerable term of years, the property of actual, bonia fide naturalized citizen settlers, as a means of promoting. and. encouraging immigration to-the South. The sterling good sense of the mover, had shown- him, in a. proper light, how utterly useless-all attempts to advance our permanent prosperity was, so long ab our white population was constantly dimninishing, whilstg he elave property was increasing? "A. reference to the statement beloq, taken from the sensus of 1850, rill show how the matter now stands, and the statesman wh dvjidds for the future, will lay hisians wTith reference to the removal of the'evil. It may be blink ed for the moment, but it is calculated to demand attention from our children, if not from ourselves, and we only regret that Mr. A., did not make some suggestion calculated to en lighten the public mnindgipon the subject. For reasons that are pretty general ly understoog,4this 'State, for many years past,, has had scarcely any ac cession to itsghbite population, by im migration.Y Persons in power have not thought it wise to invite any ac cessions; and so, whilst the supply from abroad has been stopped, various causes have combined to carry offilarge numbers of the native population. The very highest prices that wealthy land-owners have been enabled to pay for the small possessions of their neigh bors, has resulted in carrying into the hands of a few, nearly all the valuable lands of the State, and they have been bought as permanent investments; for were they disposed to sell, none but the rich, can buy at present prices-so that the planter of small' means, who would settle hero, finds himself kept away by causes not likely to be remnov ed. In the meantime, the former own ers of these little spots of land have heard of ch esp lands in the West-; have left the homes of their childhood, to seek equality and Independence in'other countries-and thus, from causes gain ing strength every day, the white popu. lation Is diminishing, whilst the black Is ineressing. Mr. A. thinks that some means should be devised, to pre serve an equilibrium, and we think so too. Buit, how can this be done? NetDt by tempting small planters from Oth. Btate. for these are not abla to bue