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To ilge People of Delaware, Maryland, Yaginia,NorthCarolina, South-Car. olira, Geo Florida, Alabama, Aississippi, ossee, Kentucky, usiana, Texa. Missouri, and Ar .ellp izens.--In obedience to the 'i1? f those we represent, we S letf togethr to confer with rboncerning y'our relation th lc g+ psal Government and the. non slave-holding States of the Union, soh tie subject of the institution of Slave. ry. We deem it proper to lay bofore ypu as briefly as the subject will per. miti the result of our deliberations and councils. In order that your condition may be understood, and the conclusions at p.%Jaich we have arrived be justly appre. iated, it is necessary briefly to refer to a few past transactions. It is now sixteen years since the in. stitution of Slavery in the South began to be agitated in Congress and assailed by our sister States. Up to that time, the people of the Northern States sebm lo have respected the rights reserved to the Southern States by the Constitution, and to have acted under the conviction, that the subject of Slavery being be. yond the legislation of Congress, all -agitation with respect to it on the part -of Congress, was equally forbidden by the Constitution. But at this time, a portion of the people of the North, be. gan to assail, in Congress, the institu. tion ofSlaverv, and to accomplish their object of dragging it into the vortex of congressional agitation, they claimed the right of petitioning Congress upon all subjects whatsoever. As a petition is only the first step in legislation, it was clear that a right to petition a legis lative body, must be limited by its powV. era of legislation. No one can have a right to ask of another to dho that wvhich She has no moral or legal right to do. 4 Nor can any tribunal have the power 'to receive and consider any matter be. yond its jurisdiction. The claim thaere-. foeto present petitions to Congress on -the subject of Slavery, was considered iby the Southern Representatives gen. .erally, as an attempt indirectly, to us. sume jurisdliction over the subiject itsel f, iin all parts of the Union. Tfhe object, wvithout disguise, was the overthrow of slavery in the States; but our assailants framed the petitions presented, chiefly against Slavery in the District of Co. 'lumbia- .and our Te'rritories, and against what -they call the internal Slave trade-that is, the transmission .of slaves from one Southern State to another. Conscious of the fatal torn. dency of the agitation of Slavery in Congress, to destroy the peace and(1 stability of the Union, an effort wvas .madle, supported by a large portion of ,the Northern Representatives, to sup. -press it by a rule ini the I louse of Rep. -resentatives, which provided, that nil -petitions on the subject of Slavery, -shouldl be neither considered, printed -dd referred. Thlis rule was assailed by the peoplo of the~ Northern States, as violatmng that clause of the Constitution which prohibits Congress from pamesing ' aws to prevent the people from ponice. ably assembling and petitioning for a r-edres~s of grievances. In December, 18.l1, this rule fell befo~re the ablnost uind ii niounvice cFthle North; andl thus' thi' hI e niite powel~~'r of introdu hcing and omsiidenn il'hIle subjct of' Slavery in (- gress was asserted. In. thle imeanv tme. thime orso, of thin Northiern, peo plc altmhl odcariv. that thn noiration of Slavery in Congress was only one a) of the means they relied on to overthrow: di this institution throughout the Union A Newspapers were set up amongst them 'F 'and lecturers tver#1iired to go abroar bi to excite them against Slavery in the cc Southern States, Organizations were y< formed to carry off slaves from the. Y South, and to protect them by violence yt f'rom reca je. Although the Consti. is tution r that fugitive slaves, like oT fugitives f justice, should be render. al ad up by the States to which they may y have fled, the legislatures of almost cc every Northern State, faithless to this Ic treaty stipulation between ,the States, it passed laws designed and calculated di entirely to defeat this provision of the tle Constitution, without which the Union in wild have never existed, and by these to laws virtually nullified the act of 1794, qi passed by Congress to aid its enforce. of ment. Not content with the agitation pi of Slavery in political circles, the S Northern people forced it also into the tih religious associations extending over y< the Uniou, and produced a separation ti of the Methodist and Babtist churches. si -The result of all these various methods in ofassailirg Slaveryr in the Southern at States, was, that it became the grand th topic of interest and discussion in Con. S gress and out of Congress, and one of w the most important elements of politics at in the Union. 'T'hus an institution, ai belonging to the Southern States ex- Ih elusively, was wrested from their ex- ht elusive control; and instead of that U protection which is the great object of si all governments, and which the Con. h< stitution of the United States guaran.. t tees to all the States and' their institu. cc Lions, the Northern States, and Con. ti gress under 'their control, combined h< together, to assail and destroy Slavery b, in the South. The Southern States fo did nothing to vindicate their rights and st arrest this course of things. The sn Mexican war broke out; and instead of Y that patriotic co-operation of all sections of the Union, which would have takers ni place in the betfer days of the Repub- T] lie, to bring it to a just and honorable pi conclusion, in-the very first appropria.. al tior. bill to carry it on, the North en. so 'envoid to thrust in the subject of w Niaviy. Throughout the war, they sn kept up tihe agitation; thus clearly Ii manifesting their determination that o1 the Genecul Government in none of its si operations, internal or external, shall be in exempted from the introduction of this c dangerous subject. The war closed li with honor; and an immense territory el was added to the United States. Their ti previous threats were real1ed: and the ti non-slaveholding States immediately in claimed the right to exclude the people b< of the Southern States from all the th territory acquired, and to appropriate it of to themselves. If this pretension arose fr from a mere lust of power, it would be ot hard to bear the superiority and maste. st ry it implies. It would degrade the d Southern States from being the equals N of the Northern States, to a position of te colonial inferiority. But when your in exclusion is not from a mere lust of li power, but is only a further step in the in progress of things, aiming at the aboli. at tion of Slavery in the States, by the hi extension and niltiplication of non- U slaveholding States in the Union, the w pretension is seen to be as alarming as ai it is insulting. The Southern States, s% in their Legislatures set forth with th great unanimity the rights in our ten- se ritories belonging to them inl common on with the Northern States, and~ declared w thiei r determiinration to mainltain thiemi; tc andl finding ini the Northen States nio ah dhisp)ositionl to abate thiir demnninds, the in Coinven tion ini whlich we are assnemb l ed, pi has been broughrt together totarke coun-. p. sel as to the course tihe Southern States n: should pursue, for the mainimtenatnce of oi thecirn rights, liberty and honor. ei Such is a burief. but imnperfect state. gi mecnt of past transactions: at~d they pl force upon us the question, in what ti< condition (1o they place the Southern Io States? And first, what is their conidi- Io tion in Congress? The time was when di your Representatives in Congre'ss, C, were neither ofiired, nor would they rr endlure, reproach in your behalf. llut C for many years past, they have heard ti you ini Congress habitually reviled by of tire most approhrnious epithbets on ac- st count ofthe itistitutioni of Slavery. 1f sI their spirits are vet unibroken, thev fe must be chilled by a sense of' hnumiian rc tion at tire insults tire daily receive as fr yor representatiives. Yrou are ar. m: rirignied as crinmirnls. Slavery is drag. geod into every dehnite, arid Congre~ss si has becomie little else, thn ai g rand ini. in st rumwent ini thro hands of arbol itionists to i degrade and( ruin the South. Instead ui of peace and protection, aggression and at insult oni the South chaiiracterize its til proceedings and councils. And whiat cr is your conditioni in) respect to your wV sister States ? Where is that reipect h ianrd comity, wich (dute from all riotions ., toward each other) is more especiarlly th due fromr States bound together in a tv con fodleracy, and( which was once (is. oi played ini alh thei r intercournse ; instead pc of respect and( sympaultirhy-denunciation pa mind hostiilityv, on accounit of you r inst i - a; tUtion of slavery, have for years past ii iaracterizcd the communications ad 'essed to you by the Northern States. nd what is your condition in the Union? he non-slaveholding States stand tomn ned not only to wrest from you your immon property, but to place upon )ur front, the brand of-inforiority.-. ou are not to extend, on account of )ur institutions, but they are to increase td multiply, that thquin andhamo of every, may by their phUanthropio ency, be extinguished 4from amongst >u. But the worst feature of your ndition is, that it is progressive. As w and humiliating as it now may be, is destined, if agt arrested, to "a lower ep." Every irect is a cause; and p spirit of fan 'islam brooks no delay the progress it creates. If you were yield every thing the gorth now re. aires-abolish slavery. in the District Columbia-submit to be legislated rates for conveying slaves from one ate to another, let trial by jury and a writ of Habeas Corpus, wrest from >u in the Northern States every fugi. O slave, give up your territories to I vcll Northern arrogance and predom.1 ance, would things stop there ? These e all means aiming at one great end e abolition of slavery in the States. urrendering one of these means you ill but inflame the power by which tother will be exacted--and when all -e conquered, will the evil be arrested? i fifty years, twenty new non.slavo. >lding Str.tes may be added to the nion, whilst some which are now aveholding, may become "not.slave >lding States. There then, will 'he no red as now, openly to put aside te 1 nstitution to reach their object. It ey will deign to do it, the nonslave. )lding States will.then have the po'yer r two thirds in Congress and three urths of the States, to amend the con. itution, and then have its express notion to consummate their policy. our condidion is progressive. If from the past transactions we have arrated, we learn our condition i'n the nion-they teach us also that our past tlicy- of non.action.and submission tb rgressign cannot bringagpp p ,lety. When the doors of congress ere thrown open to agitation on the I bject of slavery, if the Southern States id moved with energy to avert a state ihings unconstitutional itself, and rely tending to bring the slavehold. g and non-slaveholding States into !ision -although late, it might not tve been too late to stop subsequent acroachments upon our rights. But e Southern States were passive: and cir forbearance has had the effect of spiring the Northern people with the lief either that we value a union with em more than we value the institution slavery or that we dare not move )i a conscious inability to protect arselves. You have ungenerously nod still whilst your supporters and fenders of the Constitution in the orthern States, in their efforts to pro. ct you from the agitations of slavery Congress, have been politically anni. lated or have turned your foes. You ive tamely acquiesced-until, to hate ,d persecute the South,.has become a i;hi passport to honor and power in the nion. You have unwisely stood still, hilst year after year the volume of iti-slaavcry policy and sympathy has allen into unanimity throughout all n .non-slaveholding States, and the etions of the Union now face each her ini stern collision. You have aited until the Constitution of the Urii. di States is in danger of being virtually olished-or what is worse, of becom g what the majority in Congress think oper to) muak e it. T1hat great prici e on which our systemi of free govern. ent rests-of' so dividing ihec powvers 'Governrment-that to a common Giov. nainent, ont t hoso powers should lbe -anted, which must aff'ect all the peo. e composinig it, equally ini their opera. m--whilst all powers over all interests or sectional, should be reserved to eal or sectionial governments ; is in mnger of beaig uprooted from their >nst itution. Local and sectional inte sts absorb the ilme andl business of' ngress, and thius, a sectional despo. m~i, totally i rresponisiblae to thne hpeople thae South--constituted of' the Repro. niatives in Congress from the non. avuehaoldinig Stiates-ignorant of' our clings, condition and inst ituitionis igns at WVashaingtoni. Tlhes~e are' the uits of your pas forbearance atid subl. I55s0on. If' we look into the nature of things, ich results will riot seem to be either sw or strange. There is but one con. tion, in whaieh one people can be saf'e iler the dominion of anothetr people ; id that is whien their interests are en. -ely identical. Thelin, the domianit, unnot opipress their subjiect people, ithiout oppressing thiemiselves. Thie entity of' interest betwveeni them, is the curity for right government. hut as is identity cati scarcely cver exist he, een ay two people, history hears bait eC testimoniy as to the fiate of a satbject aople. TIhey have always been conm. dIed to muinister to the prosperity arnd rgtandizemnent of' their masters. If' ia has always been~h tac cae nd..~n ordinary diiereupe, of interests andi-fel. ings which exist between-States,'gow much more certainly must thl4oxe rience of history be realiseddetween the people of the Northern and south. ern States, Here is a difference ofeli mato and productions throughout a territory stretching alone the whole belt )f the temperate mono, affecthig thiapur. suity and chpracters oQhe-peoplo eha. biting it But the great cilflrenoe the one great ditTerence---he grealest which Ran exist am'6ng a pMple is the institution'of slavery. This alone sets apart the Southern Statesas a peculiar people-with independentees to thteir internal policy, is the condiion of their existence. They must rtto< them. selves, or perish. Every colony in the world where African slaery existed with one exception, has been destroyed; and if this has been the case tnder the >ld ;and effete governments of Europe, will it not prevail under the dordinion of he restless people of th-e Northern 3tatcs! They do not practically re. :ogniso the interiority of the African to the Caucasian races. They do not re. ilize, because the circumstances of ;heir condition do not compel them to realize, the impossibility of an amalga. Lion between the races. Exempt from the institution of slavery it is not sur. prising that their sympathies should be sgainst us whilst the dogma on which they profess to build their system of free government--thc absolute -rule of the utjority-leaves no barrier to .their pow. 3r in the affairs of the Gederal Govern. rient, and leads them to its consolida. ion. Religion too false or rcpl-fi rds heir enthusiasm against ai institution, wvhich many of ita-orofessors believe to be inconsistent with its principles and precepts. To expect forbearance from, such a people, under such circum stances,'to"ards the ins titution of slave. ry, is maniftltty, vain. If they have beep false to the compact -made with us in the constitution. and have allowed passion and prejudice to master reason, they have only exemplhi d that frailty n fallibility of our."a~uro m b men ,a U , evr produces wrong. The institution of slavery having once entered the popuhr mind of the non-slavcholding States, for action and control, the rest is inevitable. If unrestrained by us, they will go on until A frican slavery will be swept from the broad and fcrtile South. The iecure of things therefore, incdependecnt of experience. teaches us that c. re can be no safety in submission. To submit to evils, however great, whilst they are endurable, is the dispo. sition of every people-especially of an agricultural people, living apart, and having no association in their pursuits. BJut the responsibility of preserving a free government rests with all its mem bers, whatever may be their pursuits, and not alone with those who have the power or the will to destroy it. A minority, by submission, may as much betray ihe constitution, as a ma jority by aggression. The constitution does not protect a majorit y ; for they have all the powters of the government in their hands and cat. protect themselves. The lien. itations of a constitution are designed to protect the minority--those who have no power, against those who have it. Ilence, the great motive and duty of sell-perotectione is pieculiar to a mfiorit y, indlepenidenit of that faith to thte consti tutin wheich they owve in common withe the majority. Thcey muhest protect th ent. selves an cd protect thIe contst it ution ; antd if theyv faeil ine this double duty, thevs aire at least as culpable aes those when, ini aggressineg up~on theic righets, overthrcow lee conest ituet i. A md the pullic opeite ion of the worbel is inc con forem ity w vith these views. T1hie oppressor is hated beet the untresistincly v op pressed is des. ;eisced. More respect follow~s the tyranett thene the slave whoic submeeits to heis'pow'. er. "'he Sotherni States, there fore, elthiough ai meinority, are tcort exempt fr'ome the responcsitbil ity of' preserv'ing the constuctme, ccndc, im piresertving ' ito prot(ect themceselves. In w'heat way shall they preserve the conistituitont anid pr'otect t hemeese'lves 7 As a gencercal trtle, it is unedoubut-iv true, theatt whlen, ini a gove rneniet ill1 oulrs a cocnsti ttuo is viol ated hvy a maejority, wh'lo a lotne cane v i'lete it ice mart teers of legi'laetiont, it canncoe t lhe re . stored to its ietegrity thi rough sthe ordli nary*~ eceanis of the governenct ;for ihese mcean cs, bein g simtler the cotetrol or lie maicjority, are tnt a vila ble to thle nmitnrity. It is for theis reaisothat fr'e riuet election s of oucr rulers take pclace mc outr systemi of free gove rnmtenet, icc Lordser thaet the people, by thceir direcet cinte rvenction, tmay 'hane othIe maioeri ty. llut this resour ce cancnot aviail its ice thte violations of the cohitit ution,. which nmow press antd hcarra~s's the South. hly chiangineg thci r ropeenitativets, how cani the people of the South affect thce mea jrority icn Conegress acnd recstore the coce stitution? Thteir representatives are tru'e ; and heave (lone all thate menc cant rio, to preserve the counstituction fromt the aeggressionscofthte mairjority. itemoving them, and putting other representaitives in Congrnes t ould lev n ec i: restoring the constitution. It has bee broken by the representatives of the people of the Northern States, who sus tain them In their violations of the con stitution. It is ta!ear that the ballo box of the South is powerless for it protection. And the same causes which induced the violations of the constitutioi by the Northerti majority, prevents it restoration to its integrity. Through out the Northern States, there has beer no indication of any change in thei policy. On the contrary, the majorit; against the South is greater in th present Congress than in the last, fol lowing the usual course of every suc cessive election for years past. No have we seen in the action of the States with few exceptions, any proof of returning sense of jjustice to us, or o reverence for the constitution. Severn of them, lest false inferences might h drawn as to their position have takei care lately to reiterate in the mos ofTensive forms their former declara tions against our rights ; and when great Senator, representing one of then) anxions fbr the perpetuation of the Union, has ventured to advocate some thing of justice to the South, he ha heen rebuked by the Legislature ofth State he represents, and virtually de nounced for his fidelity to the constitu tion. This resource, then, under th ordinary operations of the constitutior is of no avail. And how is it with th present Congress, the only other sourc of redress in the usual administratin of the constitution 7 For six months has been in session, and during thi whole period of time slavery has bee the absorbing topic of discussion an agitation. Yet nothing has been don to heal the discontents which so justlt exist in the South, or restore a hleedin constitution. All we have received ha been bitter denuncia'ions of our institu tions by many members of Congress and threats to boerco us into submis sion. Although nothing has been don< a report has been made by a conmnitte of thirteen members, which is no' Pending in that bodf ; and as the men havo been presse ance, we deem it proper to lay befor you a brief consideration of the matt< it contains. This report embraces four !listinc measures : 1st, The admission of Ca ifornia as a State, with the excluiion < slavery in her constitution. 2d, Terri tonal governments to be erected ovt the Territories of Utah and New Mex co, with nearly one half of Texas to . added to the latter. std, The prohib tion of the slave trade in the District < Columbia ; and 4th, Provisions for tI for the re-capture of fugitive slaves i the non-slaveholding States. To ti dtrstand whether these measures a consistent with our rights and worthy c our acceptance, each of them must b considered separately. The South is exclided by the bill fre the whole of that part of Caifoirnia lying r the Pacific, including one hunidred and tiil thousamd square miles 4f territory: and this is done by the legislatioin of (Congres the mode in whieh it is done is of no irI portance. Caliirnia belongs to the U'n tedt State,, and all action b the ind:' i;lia in that territory, whether ram the Unit< States, or iromi the rest of the world, a propri:ting the soil to thcinselves or erec ing a gavermanent over it, is of no vah dit 'They can not const a itt a peoplde in no p per .-ense of the term ; but are c-itizens the Si ates or coutnt ries from whiicht th( hiav~e ic'ine, anid to whichta h ow still oui their atltegianice. Wh len thterefore, C o igrcss attcin pis toc carry cini and( c-onfirum11t aicts of thesme mividuva .ls, erecting Cah-itit aila into ac Staito anid cxc ludingt siaei thecrt.iroma, it is thie -antie thinag as it Co gress had originatl pvj.im s.d a taw~ to th etl;e-t, without the i:itervet ion of thuei itdividtua-ls. 'Thte exc-lusiont of slave. tromn Cat I rn ia is done14 hiv thin act of* (Co gress, amnd by no other autiauirityv. TIi cons~t t iut in of Caihfoturnia becoimes the an oft Conigress; andt the4V Wilmot provoi contini, us the Wihnot P'roviso pauedh ai enftorced by the legistationi of Conigress. I tore the ', is thbit excl usioni froam this te ritory byv tie act of (Congress, which ahnioa every Sut hern State ini the11111 U ion ~hth claredt shet would t not submit to, plainly ar piract icatlly entcorcedt by this bitt. A fre peolte canniot he satisti'ad with thle rnid mn which-l thtiy are depiriwedc of tt.c ir right., a sovereigni State wilt isidam to) enquiirei whtcnl maer shte is st rippjedl of her- pirope.i ly, :at decgradled ront an0 cimahiy with h' sister States. It is enouigh, t hat thIe coi rage is dtone. 'The mode is of lt!tle coni~s, qce.lit Tlheire i-, the refore init the niio cit extenin g th ib i~Ot pirois 00ve~r thi: territoiry of Cahiforania presenatedt biy thie lt niottinig ton miitigate tthe iilignationifl c11li Souithern States, o r toi batle t heir iletierm ation to redress 11h3 wvro ng, ift in thetedt. Theiv aret exc-luded from the whole territ< my of Cafoirniai, a territory ex\tensis eiluiongh to t4)co(litain) foulm Iblge Staites. If the constitiui tiopriiiopose by Cablm~i li a cotiitalr1i uilot hitilg atboutt slavery. w'imm the' North atltow hier tcooetter tmhe Uniln ! Sucht were the territorial biths proposed ti (Cat lornia at tie last Congress, buit sthe rr jor-tedt thiem, baecacuse the Soutth was mi cjxctlut fromi this territory, inl exprem terms. T'he iinhabitantls of thiis territors have been left without any civil goveri ment, solely because t he 830uth woultd mn consient to tie tegislatedu out of themai wit tier inst ituition ;li anct now tha-t this Ohje< is accoumiplishieid by the ictnStitution p1 treser ted hiy Cathirnin. these encr-atres these advocates of law and order--are ea ger to admit her, without right or prece dent, into the Union. We are aware of the inconvenicucies the inhabitants of Cal ifornia may have suffered for want of a civil government established by Congress ; and therefore, are prepared to yield much on account of the circumstances in which they have been placed, The next measure is in perfect kecpig. with this first feature of "the report." It takes from Texas, territory sufficient for two large States, and adds them to New Mexico. What the bill contains with respect to slavery will be of little conse quence; for it is designed that next winter New-Mexico thus constituted, shall follow the same etample of California, and be ad r mitted as a State with a Constitution ex cluding slavery from its limits-for with out such exclusion she cannot hcpe to be admitted by the non-slaveholdmg States into the Union. The effect will be that territory, over which slavery now exists, equal to two States, will be wrested front the South, and will begiven up to the non t slaveholding States. The pretext is, that there is some doubt as to the boundaries of Texas. Texas by her laws, when she was admitted into the Union, had but one boundary towards the West, and that boundary was the Rio Grande. Congress in the resolutions admitting her into the Union recognized this boundary, by laying down a limitation between the slavehold - ing and non-slaveholding States-(being the Missouri Compromise line of :36dg. :0uin. parallel of North latitude)--through that part of her territory, her right to which is now questioned Her boundary of the Rio Grande to its source alone gave her this country; and was thus recognized and ratified by the resolutions of annexation. To vindicate this boundary for Texar, as a s member of the Union, the Mexican war i took place; and in the treaty of Gauda l loupe lidalgo, it was finally vindicated and settled, by a clause in the treaty, designa. ting the [tio Grande as the boundary be. tween Mexico and the United States. T'hus by the laws of Texas, by the legisla tion of Congress, and by the solemn treaty of the United Staies, the Rio Grande is the Western bounla.ty of Texas. Yet the pre tension is set up, that her territory does not extend to within three hundred miles of the Missouri Compromise line, where Congress in receiving her into the Union deterrniied that her territory should be di vided between the 'sla eholding and non t slaveholding States. Texas is the ogy 3 8tate intile.;Union, which I ht the, ls e guarantee of Ute Governrent of the~ Uli r ted States in every possible form to her boundaries. Yet this is the Government which disputes them; and under the pro text that they are very doubtful proposes - to take front her nearly one-half of her 1 territory. It is by virtue of such preten - sions. that by the hill two Srates are to be r taken from the Southern and given to the Northern States; and thus wrong is aggra vated by compelling us to pay for it, through the Treasury of the United States. ' It is undoubtedly proper, that Texas should be quieted as to her boundaries e hut she should be quieted by a law of it Congress, plainly acknowledging them. If, after her boundaries are settled, the Gen e er;sl Governmnent, to carry out the purpo ,f ses of the Constitution, or good faith to fultil all tie obligations, the annexation of Texas to the Unon reiluires, should think proper to lurcltse any territory from Tex n as, the arrangement mnay be unobjectiona it ble. But any arrangement concerning her y territories, which leaves a shade of doubt it as to the right of the people of the South , to enter any portion of the Territory, which t- according to the terms of annexation are a- now free to them, neither Texas nor the is General (ioveruiicnt heve any right to d imake. The terms of annexatio, conatitute > the eo:npact of Union between Texas and t- time other States of the confederacy-and this compact secures irrevocably to the -people of the slaveholdinog States the right '1 of enitermng with their piroperty all her ter Vritory ly ing Sonuth of 3tidg. :l0miin. North e oft thatlie, they are excluded. The bill -in then Seniate mtakes no pirovisioni for car eC rying out, these termis of the enmpact, but r- le:a is ini doubt the right of the Southern y propie, thirouighotit all the territory pro -. po ined to lie purchased; whn st many who Ssupport thme bill declare th t ini e$yect it ex e einmies emnt irely the people of thle Southbern y~ States from all thme territory purchased. a The least evil therefore the bill can bring c to the people of the Southern States on -t entering it, will be contention, harrassmlent, it an l111itigat ion, di lnt you will have a very inadequate con - ceptioni of the iimplortanmce of the territory -taken from Texas by the bill, if you con t fine yotur vie ws to Te'xas. If you will look at the map of the Umted States, you will perceive that the territory proposed to lie 0 surrendered bay Texas lies throiughoiut i:s C whole extent along the WVestorn frontier 'of the Indian territory. This is now a erlaehl aing country : and must be consid slavehouldinig States, and how will the In. dIani be able to inunintaimi thme instil uttion of Uslavery ! If the agenucy of Cogress is hot Siued, to abolish uhrectly slavery ini the In coan territory, thti.,en ca bie easily agg ioolished by thle very maeans now in op~ -erat ion aga imuit slave ry in Sotthero States. which the Imhan wall heave hot little power to reis.1The ell'eet will be, thiat the In 0 dlian territory, large eonugh for two nmore States, will be c'ontirolled biy the non-slave hohng States. IlThus by these two points l in thec report, tIke South will lose tour - large States in Caldornia--twvo in Tea i and two in the indian territory. Nor is - his rall. TIhe inon-slaveholding States swil nili he rought to thme \Vesterni boundary of s Missouri and Arkansas, alonig their whole ', extent, and wvill bouind Texas on her - whole Northern and WVesterni frontier.~ t Thuas the $onthern States will he hemmedi hi in by thin non-slaiveholding Statens or, their twhole Wecstern border-a policy which - Ithey have declared essential-ino the and of -. nalishing .laery iw the $oau...er Stte. What can compensate the Sooth efr' tdW a enormous wrong and polistiet Ye w; But this is not the end:'of fobr%% i sione by this report. We m#st tiot' olI9' yield to the interests, but the pejudi the Northern people. 8lerethels the -District of (olumbla when' ". -' accepted the cession of the tetritopg dt' - posing it from the State of Marfland. No one can suppose that Maryland, slav holding State now, could'havo:designed *b give Congress any power over-the 4natid tion of slavery in this territory. in a ly of wtong to the people of theDif to emancipiare their elavor, it:oulf II ah tolerable evil to havm a Di tri t'tWt i them, where emancipation prevalleby he authority of - Congress. Congfesit Ufib bill reported as a part of the so-culled Cdma promise, now begins the work of'eattiuend patiot by declaring that it n?'selog is brought into the Distict for sale, he. 'ali he "liberated and free." ifasta~tls ll} ated because he is brought i ehid k tric, is not difficult. The power two cipate the slaves in the District of-Colum bia is thus claimed and esercised by Con. gress. Many of the ablest men of th South have denied that Congress posses. ses any such power, whilst all agreed, un' til lately, that for Congress to interfere with this institution, whilst slavery. exi ta4 'a Maryland and Virginin, would be a breach of faith towards thoee-States,a an outrage upon the whole South:r, i'o long will that facility which yields to the prejudice against the buying and eoleingot elaves he able to resist the greater preju dice which exists against the holdtngnf slaves at all in the District ofColumtbia S' For all these sacrifices to the, intardta and prejudices of the people of the Ncjg1. the South is tendered the last tneaau the Compromise-the fugitive slave they propose to amend it. To under the extent of the concessions the South re ceives on this point, we mustlgl to tIe. rights the Constitution confere ,. The frainers of the Donstat*ier perfectly awate that the General:Govern. nent could have but little power trsocure to them their - fugitive slaves in the-not. slaveholding States. The wholeititernal police of a State, and by this chiefly -muld slaves be re-captured. - The Constituti + therefore, not relying on the letgit Congress alone, requires that a ,.fu .:o \ slave, escaping ,into- a: non.slaveho didt State, hall be " livered upon clairm of the party" to whom he belongs. ' . Fugitive slaves are puton the ti fvgiwo criminals, nd atebe n State autheries4 onot en ti titution, a to It a r.e and recovery of fu laves: Congr . can do but little to-e ethema ?'-The bill providing for the co-operation of the fea' officers of the United States Governseit, in a State, is practically quite insuficiosit to accomplish its aim. What can they do in such a State as Pennsylvania, to recover fugitive slaves ! Yet if Congress des all that it can do, by legislation, to enforae the Constitution, it only does its duty to the South. There can be no concession or fa vor to the South, in giving her only what she has a right to have under the Constiju tion-unless, indeed the Constitution for her has no existence. The bill then, is, in the first place, gulte adequate to restore to us our fugitive' slaves, and in the second place, gies;the 'outh nothing but what'ele entitled'to. It this was all, there would be nothin.in the bill for which we should concede any thing to the Forth. But it is not all Under the pretext of bestowing on. us a benefit, it perpetrates a usurpation on the reversed rights of the States. It provides that a slave may arraign his maters by tho authority of laws made hy Congress, be fore the courts of the States and o? tire United States, to try his right - tolhis free. dom. l (Congress can lg.slate. a all bet, twecut the master and stave in: a 2Statat, - , where can its power be stayedi It an abolish slavery in the States. Thyss a pow. er is assumedl in that bill, which .virtinly extends the jurisidiction of Congress 6ver slavery in the States. And this isa berte tit to the South I Under the guise of. r b~enefit, the bill is useless as a remedy-and worse thant useless in its usurpation. - -aichi are the various meaasures which Meo -s~titut': this compromise. . We do not believe that those in the South whlo at an early day ex sedl wvilleigness to support it, had woljofsid. ered its import or even comtempit sup porting it, without, material amonuadtente. We fully appreciate ,and duly'honor thn motives of those who-would' restoro4ain quihity to the country, nor shalt \ve imrpugn in any form those who have assisted to frame or who have yielded a support .tot be mneasures. Why the .notehod States do not support these w~f*~w are unable to unoatn a haughty facaticismi,.in d isdains accomnplishing its objootalb inr rec tions If these measuner, howevc,e'e really a compromtise in which -the .it. had equal gains with the North,-it wona. be of doubtful expediency for theo Enth b propose it. Three timea fn Congi 4ted mog this controversy, the South hasp ed the Missouri tempriaethiae~ el~9 -been three times rejected by 4iti'tth. Twice slhe has propiosed pteqlrohite by which she consented to leave 4 to the courts of the United States to 'dele'rin her rights. Instead of rfeirhing stegpfy. their reengnitn by Congress, fifteen so~. ereign States have consented to be. ried into- the courts of the coutr and there to submit theirsivereign rgt n~ territotty belonging to there, to to arbitramient. Their "huirillittinrtdJ'v w in the respect n' confldeidero the N~it and the proposition was tWice rejaierd one other CerQfaWio, not becaWE -tI co.oxtensive withlonk ghts, biLte a it has been twvice ,ataciT5nog have gonie beforo u.s M tho Nortt . the !Aliasouri Co~mponii Pac,~jil Oconn, ihe South en *(Coniinuu~ n J&da 9~