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- - t~ -6 --f VL,*U -E III..UM E VLES.. JTJE20 S4U e lumter Banner: M I I4lEVERY WEDNESDAY M0RNING, BY ,,..~IL IM. RANCIS. TER M 8: I.Two Dollars in advance, Two Dollars and Fifty-cents atthe expiration of six months, or ,ree Dollars at the end of the year.. No paper discontinued until all arrearages. are- paid, unless at the option of the Proprietor DIAdvOrtisements inserted at 75 cts. per square, (14 lines or less) fbr the first and -half that, sum for each subsequent insertion 0TThe number of insortions to be marked on all Advertisements or they will be publish ed until ordered to be discontinued, and charged accordingly. GX One Dollar per square for a single in sertion. . Quarterly and Monthly Advertise ments will be charged the same as a single Insertion, and semi-monthly the same as new ones. All Obituary Notices exceeding six lines, and Comiunications -recommendi ng Cand dates for public:i'6ices or trust-or puffing Exhibitions, will be charged as Advertise ments. 0TAll.letters by mail must be paid to in sure punctual attendance. 2gicuiltural. What does it Cost a Pound to Growe Cotton I Thisjs a question of vast importance f the UniteA States. Who can an swer it-? Not one in ten of those that iiake it their staple crop, I venture to say ; for cotton planters are as careless aiti this respect as though they were conducting a busiioss of cents and dimes, insteal of dollars and eagles. I therefore propose to give you an extract from my notes, which I have 'boen taking during my extensive agri cultural tour the past winter and %ping, not only to show the character of the information that I have been gathering, but in the hope that it may induce others to come ont and give more and better information, or point out any errors in 'my statements. .!he cost of making 331,136 pounds of cotton last year upon one of the best J antations of South-Carolina was 17,804,48, or a fraction over five cents and four mills a pound, including freight and commission, as well as in tetist upon a fair valuation of property. The cost, exclusive of freight and commission, and including interest, of -making 128,000 pounds upon the 'cane brake lands of Alabama,' last .ear, was $6,676,80, a fraction over live cents and two mills a pound. This is considered the richest cotton land in the world; and, although the crop was called a small one, it was probably about an average one. Tho Ifeld hands upon this plac' num bered seventy-five, counting all over twelve years old, which gives a fraction -W than.four and one-third bales to each. . Now this crop has to be hauled over about twenty-five miles of the worst road in the world, when wet, as they usually are at the time the crop is rea dy to go to market, and then down the difficult and dangerous navigation of the Tombigbee river. I am satisfied that these two 'rops give a better showing than three-?ourths of the cotton crops of the United States. My ow opinion is, that whenever cot onis below sixc cents it does not pay interest upon tho capital invested, ex eept perhaps in some few cases. Below I give a table of items of ex pense upon the first plantation mention ed-. This is owned by Col. J. N. Williams, of Society Iill, and lies upon wvhat is called the swamp lands of the Peedee river. These items are thecessary to show that I have not stat ed the expense too high: The capital consists of 4200 acres of land (2700 in cultiva tion) at $15 $68,000 00, 2,84 slaves at $850 each, average old and youing 89,900 00, 60 mules and mares, and 1 jack and 1 stud, aver erage $60 8,720 00, 200 head of cattle at $10 2,000 00, 600 " hogs, at $2 1,000 00, 28 carts and 6 wagons 620 00, 60 bull-tongue plows, S60 shaving doi., 25 turn ing do., 15 drill do., '15 harrows, at an av erage of $1 60 each 262 00, Other plantation tools esti mated worth 1,000 00, Cash expenses $161,402 00, Interest is only counted on the five first items, *$158,629, at 7 per et. 11,108 00, 8980 yards D~undeo bag ging, at 16 cents .rr6 yds to a bale) 6.36 80, 3184 lbs 'of rope, at 6 cents 191 04, Taxes on 254 slaves, at 76. cents 193 04, " land 70 00, Three overseers' wages 900 00, Medical attendan.ce $1 25 per head 817 50, Bill of yearly supply of . iron, average 100 00, Plows and other tools purchased, annual average 100 00, 200 pairs of shoes, $175; annual sup ply of hats, $100 . 275 00, Bill of cotton and wool en cloth 810 00, 100 cotton comforters, in'lidu of bed blank ets 125t 00, 100 oil-cloth capote's (New-York cost) 87 5% 20 small woolen blan kets for infants . 25 06, Calico dress and hand. kerchief for each woman and girl (ex tra of other clothing) 82 00, Christmas presents, giv en in lieu of 'negro , crop! 175 T0, 50 -sacks of salt 80 00, Annual average outlay for iron and wood work for carts and wagons 100 00, Lime and plaster bought last year 194 00, Annual average outlay for gin, belts, &c., 80 00, 400 gallons of ntolasscs 100 0% 3 kegs of tobacco, $60; 2 bils flour $10 70 00, 5.8 of a cent a pound on cotton for freight and commission 2,069 60, $17,894 48, The crop of cotton at 6 cents per pound will amount to $19,868 16, Col. Williams has also dredited this place with the additional items drawn frona it: 13500 lbs of bacon, takcn for home place and factory 675 00, Beef and butter for ditto and sales 500 00, 1100 bushelA or'corn and for ditto and sales 550 00, 80 cords of tafi bark for his tan yard 480 00, Charges to others for blacksmith work 100 00, Mutton and vool for home use and sales 125 00, $22,298 16, Profits over and above interest and expense upon this total are $4,408 68. Counting cottont only at 6 cents, profits are $1,973 68; counting it at 7 cents ($23,179 52) and profits are $5,285 04. It is proper to state that part of the crop was sold at 7 cents, and it may average that. Now, it must be borne in mind that this is one of the best plantations, as well in soil as thanagement, and that this was an extraordinary good crop. It must also be assumed that the land will continue to maintainits fertility and value, and that the same hands will keep the buildings in repair, as no al lowance is made in the expense account for such repairs, or there will be a loss under that head. Most of the corn and meal credited comes from a toll mill on the place. All the cloth and shoes are manufactur ed by Col. Williams, but upon a dis tinct place. [A similar statement is then made of the expenses and profits of the i~lan tation of Rtobert Montague Esq., of Marengo county, Ala. for which we have not space-after which Mr. R. goes on to say :]. This crop (28,000 pounds) at 6 cents . nett, will leave a balance of $1,004 20, which isjust about enough to pay the owner common wages as an overseer, which business ho attends to himself'. Nowv, while there nmay be a few bet tor places, there are thousands not near as good in all the cotton growing region. I could go on at considerable length to give ether items about cotton, as well as similar information about sugar, &c. but my time nor your space will not allow it. now. I would remark, however, that I am publishing a series of letters in the American Agriculturist, published in New-York for hioh I am theravelling coirespondent Iis possible also' that I may publish the observations of my tour in a iore extended and perma nent form, whenever :I get time' to wiite ou, all the notes that I have tak en. Any thing that I can do 'to add to the agicultural information of my coun try 'I nave a strongde~sire to do. I am, most rapddtfdlly,'&c. oI.ON RONBIRok. WASHINGTON, June 4th, 1849. Imigetang. Fraom Graham's Magasue for June. The Young Dragoon, STORY OF THE COWPENS. BY CHARLES J. PETEBSON. CHAPTER 1. Tho'o is a thing- there Is a thing. I fain would lave from thee; I fain would have that gay, gMd ring. Tua Slcracza LADy. The period of our revolutionary his tory immediately succeeding the defeat at Camden, is still remembered in the Carolinans with horror. The British, elated with their success, and regarding the South as now their own, proceeded in the work of oonfiesation nd. mesa cre with pitiless severity. In that ter rible crisis many a family was deprived of its head either by exile or by execu tion. Yet larger unmbers were shorn of their property-and redubod to com parative indigence. In a word, terror reigned paramount. But the common events of life still went on. The transactions of business, .the:struggle for wealth, the toils of the husbandman, births, deaths, marriage, cares, hopes, fears-all folloev~d each other down the deep current of exist ence, almost wholly unaffected by the storm of war which agitated the surface. It is an error to suppose that convul sions disturb the whole order of society. Men will still hate, though the entire nation be turned into a camp; will still, strive for the dross of earth; will still, if young and generous, risk their heart's happiness in love. It was towa'a the close of A winter evening that a youth of noble mein and handsome face stood at the foot of one of those long avenues of trees, which, in South Carolina, lead up from the road to the mansions of wealthier proprietors. For nearly half an hour he had been there, as if awaiting the ap proach of some one from the house: now looking anxiously up the avenue, now restlessly walking to and fro. During that interval but one person had passed along the highway, and the notice of this one the youth had skilfully avoided by concealing himself behind some dwarf trees within the platation-fence. This act, as well as his whole demeanor, proved that he was awaiting sorbo se cret intervie*-. At last, just when the dusk bogan to deepen into night, the flutter of a white dress was seen coming down the avenue. A minute more, and a beautiful girl of eighteen summers appeared on the scene. 'Albert,' said the new comer, as the youth, seizing her had, passionately kissed it 'I have not a second to stay. It was with difficulty I could leave the house unseen, and my absence has doubtless been noticed before this; what we have to say, therefore, must be said at once; why have you sough this inter view?' 'I have sought it, Ellen,' lhe replied, still.holding hiW hand, 'because, des pairing of gaining your consent, I have volunteered in Capt. Washington's cav alry corps, and to-morrow set forth. Perhaps you will never see me more. I could not leave the neighborhood with out seeing you once more, and bidding you an eternal farewell; and, as your father's orders had banished the, from the house, there was no method of giv ing you my adieux except by soliciting an miterview.' The tears had started to the eyes of his listener, but she turned away her head to conceal them; and for some time neither spoke. 'EllenI dear Ellen,' said the- young soldier, earnestly, 'will you not now, in this solemn moment, say you love me? I once hoped you did, but since your father has fobidden me the house, you have been less kind; and I fear that I have lost your heart-that you, too, have ceased to care for me, now that I am. beggared-' Hlis hearer suddenly turned her face full upon him, with a look of tearful re proach that cut short his words. 'Bless you, Ellen, for that look,' he said. 'Though my father's estate is confiscated, and ho and I beoth indigeant it is not a'that accoun that you have seemed so coldtb melately. : Say then, dearest, only say that I hvis been mis taken in thikin'g you at all altered.' .Another look equally. eloquet &i snered hith'; but sil his'hearer did not speak. - 'Oh! Ellen.' he continued, 'when. I am far away fighting my country's bat. ties, what bliss it.w.ould be to knoW. that you sometimes think of me; and ;that if I should fall, you would shed. a tear for me.I .aia listener, at these words, wept freely, and when her .agitation had somewhat Fassed, spoke. 'Albert, she said, 'you have con quered. Know then that I do love you.' At these words the impetuous young man clasped her in his v rms, but she, disengaged herself, .aying, 'But while my fhther opposes your suit, I can never be yours. The consciousness of his disapproval has made me affect a coldness to you which my heart belied, in the hope that ypu would think of some one more worthy of you-but but,' she hesitated, then quickly added, 'in a word if it will comfort you, when away, to know that I think of you, and pray for you, go forth happy-the mis ery is for us who stay behhid, and who are hourly anxious for the fate of the absent.' The tears fell fast as she spoke, and concluding she suffered. her head to be diaW 'to her lover's shoulder, while a deep and silence succeeded, as, these two young and alredhdy unhappy beings held each other in a first embrace. - It was only for a moment, however, that Ellen yielded herself to weakness. Raising her head and brnishing the tearb from her eyes, she said, while crimson blushes overspread her face. 'And now farewell-perhaps all this is wxrong-bt could not see you leave me in anger.' 'God bless you for those kind words,' said Albert. 'But, Ellen, before you go, one.more request. That mintature that hangs.around your neck-it is too muY io ask for it?' She hesitated; then as step were heard in the road, suddenly gave it to him. He drew a heavy signet-ring from his finger, and said, tendering it in exchange. 'Take this, and let nis b trud to each other--so help us God!' And with this parting adjuration, he sprang over the fence to conceal himself behind the brushwood, while Ellen, has tening up the avenue, was soon lost'to sight in the obscurity of the hour. The wind sighed mournfully through the pine woods as this betrothal was consummated and the dark, starless sky overhead look-ed down with ita *eird and melancholy face. CIIAPTRE II. Ifeard yo the din of battle btay, Lance to lance, and horse to hore.--GkAir. It is well known that after the defeat of Gates, Congress hastened to super seed that general, and appoint Greene to succeed him. At the period of the incidents narrated in the chapter, the now commander-in-chief had arrived in the South, and was organziing his for ees. His very first proceeding showed the resources of an intellect, which, in mil itary affairs, was second only to that of the 'father of his country.' Aware that the initiatory step towards redeem ing the South was to arouse the confi dence of its people, ho determined to divide his force. While thterefore, he moved with one portion down the Pee Dee, he despatched Morgan, with the remiainder, west of the Catawba, in or der to encourage the inhabitants in that qjuarter. Morgan's corps was accompa nied by Col. Washington's light dra goons, of which der hero had already become a conspicuous member. This division of the army, in the face of an active foe, would have been a capital error, but for the political advan tages it offered, and which overbalanced the military ones. Cornwallis, then in command of the royal army, determin od to frustrate the success of Green's plan, by outting off Morgan's detach ment, aud accordingly ordered Col. 1'arleton, with his rertowned -dtagoons, accompanied by a competent force of infantry, so give pursuit. It was on the 14th of January, 178B1, a day over to he remembered in the annals of our iountry, that the heroic Morgan learned the danger in which ho stood. He determined immediately to give battle. For this purpose he halted at a plaee called the Cowpens, and having drawn up his troops, await ed, though not without anxiety, tho ap peara n of te fe hA 4 uthnie y *h jakiessedcs at tiiistanit wheled rour gint ofA e-oodas A1i3n he o6nk~n tihohl ngeleA 4ltsys that ~6fdroeeold eiup W~hln werte lo ed 4ni id nothe'sifieat dIsobI0dr th -bdit lei erking 1 p gonalstas the a 4t s1weepig donoet 8 The man tumbl d dust. d Uikt ld eyd Vrs didobeyed, thah tha i ed which Tarleton tok ant make;good h'yescapn. jdo; Abert 'There was no other ay, nnsied our here, and he point'ed tthe dead dr goon, to have yourif6. sa*bj# S within: six inches of you *hg fitd pose,'.:anvewe'aW Miidtod $6 cornykehendidhe ent C a iilaruilv he owid'hiislife td the qilelsk6t -tliogh t ofmui'joag friend b t you are yourself hurt. Ab.he spokehe aw bod g froin the sl46vo of Albei ed ately afterward tho younsoidied ed.aid fell-senseledstttfgda'd Two pist li il'en dsl 4 from the ''Aey, "Washrigt6k rleW bd immedi iy after Albeh4ddi-ed Orn kminat on one bifiks'fouid tho arm of our heAio io6thad yerforated thedoat, inmeditel o the llct He is d&,id, iedAh ir' h 'tAb eocond ilhet has t ich~Td a t pait.~ Ho itoro. saarhe- garmin ~ h spoke, but ftared rtryof g6 le~ heiposed tha thef or thbe4 r ht ave pll iii e~esN ehic' ind muttere 'Hal I have hiea* .f thid .and no I will aee if-e4aiot br n friend a good turn Marry ncere ror hiein t or Iu& Nor marryfor nothingbatnitni When our hirog afterga~ong interYl of~unconsciouspessapend-b /~ found hi viel, hisu " ri s and elant furished a tirely strange to hikn. Heiufll &uid_ the curtains of hisb'e i red armgandlook . fn ge wnale servant sat watching hit 'What .massa wiet?'. she said; thow didr giet here?'. ieas' rCe tai Washington heref you hero mnassa, after'de gr t e D surgeon stated to dre yor rmand den folloi arter de troopstwh 74.lie do iedcoati, dey say, all to pieces SY! 'I know-thbs the army ha. pui sued its march to the Catawba. 'It hab, massa; and ydii ben t~ ilta 'The old negrO woman smiled ti.he showed all her teeth. 'You no kn6*, master?' 'I do niot. .You forgj me, Nassa Abert,4 believing his senas eI5f heor features, 5can it.o- You.es )iC deed she. And tielsj hoa house)--> - - Ho hadiatartedngiti bed sdW' now confronted by the Og e~ owne f the thansion hims1 w~' tored atara oppo ite door; io, stead of *earmng the angry air 'whi Albert~ had last seen upon b: kindly upon him. te 1 * I wasi passing along th oidrtI said, seating himselF pa thb~~~d E miliarly, and taking Ab 4 M-fL~ wounded, .aguesL,'au4 i~ir ~ ur voice, .lada for h6~ a ec 6y~ n wlast par Suo noticingourh da hsie. o. lthat a 'ton. Whatever I ma hi I now recall.d Insai Capt. Washington, whis friend, ya have laid uar *' oxsenG.dto44o~~di g y~ Theitacck of sTelIuton;faW 4 was impetuous, aidfo i .,1Wit Amdrc Milii "0 before Ltb ont,, it #l-* cover ora fewco inet belon toMorgan's command, and in tun:fr ced the British to ve ground . ie brave soldier of heling led byt tir colonel,. now-chariged ith the bayonet, whentheoite of the royal infantr became complete.,.', . Washington,' with s'/h idliy ad been wat im p Oh' neet participate in the, hgt; but ha ing been stationed as a partial reserve, ,theordier for him'to engage did ot forsome time arrive. His troops 'shared his enthusi asm. Composed chiefly of "younghiooii of family, and ndmited on thorough bred animals, they Vresented ''ffermi dable appearance; as they stood, awit ing the order to engage', the horsea champing at the bit and' tho riders nervously fin'oring their swords: thoy saw the onset of the British, Ahe light of the first line, and the partial panic that extended through the foot soldiers with horror; but still their leader re mained unmoved. Many had 'never been in battle before, abd.iuch beeivea the day ot;among theo.ias Albert. At last. the ,confusioi 'became so great around them that ti-oops so un disciliried, if loss brave, would.. have taken to ignominiois -night; for the de! feated militia were pouring down upet them from all sides, almost compelling them to break their ranks, or see:; the fugitivei perish under the hoofs of their horses. But now Washington seemed to rouse from his inaction. Ordering his men first to allow. theIfign milithi to gain their "rear, ho then dire'ted them; iis sharp,, quick toric shoving that 'the moment f'or cntion l ao to close up and prepare to cha~ge.. As he spoke, he 'Pointed withflig sword ahead. and our hero behd" th renowied regiment offTirleto'ii.qomjng down upon them at full llop' atnid'a cloud of dust, driving foi-e theiL mass of dismayed fugitives. The kien eye of Washington measured for ani instant-, the distance bo'6vin ihime d then said, - 'I want no fire arms used to-day, any lads. SLick to the cold steel. And now, for God and your 'couitry charge! Away went the troop, like a thunder bolt suddenly loosed' from a cloud, with every scabbard jingling, evety steed snorting with excitement, and the isolid earth. shaking under them. In fall career. they burst upon the'flank of the enemy, who, disordered by his puriuit, could make but a feeble resistance: Horse and rider went down before the impdtuous charge of the Americans, who for a whild fairly rode down their foes. But British valor soon proved too weak for the combined patriotism and courage of Washington's cavalry; and the royal troops, turning their bri dles, took to ignominious flight. 'On, on,' cried Washington' waving his sword for his men to follow; 'remem ber the cruelties of these myrmidons. Revenge for our slaughtered countiy. men!' At the word, his men, thus r-emind ed of the butchery of the Waxhaws and and of the other atrocities perpetrated under the eye of Tarleton, spurred their horses afresh, and dashed on in pur suit! A complete panic had new ta ken p~ossession of the royal cavalry, who hurried on at full gallop, each man thinking ontly of himself. Close 'on their heels followed the indignant Anmer. ieans, cutting down merellessly evei'f red-coat they overtook, until the' road was strewed with the dead': Foreot in this pursuit rode W~ashington, a pre cedence he owed, not only to his supe rior steed, but to his eagerness to over take an officer just ahead,' whom he judlged to be Ta'erleton himself from his effort to rally the fugitives. The tremendous pae at which 'Wash ington rode, at last carried him so far ahead of his men, that, at a bend in the highway ho found himisolf t6tally alone. At this moment, the British, looking back, poeeived his situa~tion, and im mediately turned pn him; his, prirnciple assailants being Tarleton and two' pow erful dragoons. Knowmng, however, that assistance must be close at hand, WVashington res olutely advanced to meet the' enemy determined to seize Tarletorn for his prisoner. But, before he could "rah - the colonel, the two dragootis dashed'at himn, the one on the right, arid the other 'on the left. " Ho saw only~ the 'first of 'them', however, and accordinl tn'ring on him, olov5' him down wvith a dangle blow of his sabre; then rushe4 pt Tle ton himsne