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electi"; light system is covering "whole- country with a new variety of never seen before. An Indiana doctor has successfully SM removed a patient's rib. Though the oldest one on record, the operation is |?S extremely rare. hJS In 100 years England has aided her merchant ships to the amount of $275, Wife1. 000,000, and her private shipyards to the emount of $100,000,000. e? hind' buttons used on the coats worn in America cost, according to the gfl Detroit Free Prei\ $2,230,000 a year, and are of no earthlv account. I The citizens of Barber County, Kan., have petitioned Congress tc send a copy of the Congressional Record to each school district in the State. . It appears that there are only three States in the Union producing sugar? from the cane in Louisiana,from sorghum ^ in Kansas, and from the beet in Cali? fornia. f The Chicago Anarchists arc growing in I numbers and organization, and,the New L York Graphic intimates, they may hold the balance of power at the city election B The- development of the Kvupp gun ||H has Jboen 0110 of astonishing rapidity. frV In thirty years that firm has delivered 29,000 guns divided up among thirty|wP four different Governments. The Secretary of War has directed that when deserters are restored to the 1 |^r army, expenses for apprehension and re8|| turn shall bo limited to .$10 por month ||j until it has all been canceled. r Whoever thinks of Louisiana as a (umber State? asks the Xew Vork Mail ' vnd Express And yet last year she pro- ! duccd 450,000,000 feet of lumber, an in- ' crease of 800 por cent, since 1850. 1 . - ? ( A law has recently been enacted in the 1 German Empire prohibiting thcvu6eof 1 tin alloy in the manufacture of cooking, eating and drinking utensils that con- f tain more than ten per cent, of lead. ' , . I, , ,, | , y At "Pittsburg, Pcnn., a woman has 1 asked the agent of the Anti-Cruelty Socioty to help her got redress in the courts from a man who ha3 exorcised ' mosmoric induonco over her for the past nine years, and which, sho alleges, is * gradually killing her. The tax-payors of Europo may well \ wonder, obsorros tho Dotroit Free Press, whether Kings nod Emporors are worth ' having at tho price. Americans with a 1 little array of 80.000 men oan hardly real- * { Ired that thoro aro 13,000,000 trained 1 k eoldlerg under arms or on "tho reserve 1 ya?Ti? < TT. ? t ^P^^^JSing citizens of Wt^ ~ ^ ington have determined . to found a $ " National park in the Rock Creek \ al cy, ( one of the most picturesque^ loct>Utfcsjn_ ^ the environs .oL^h?rrm;YpgT^ be " asked by Congress vrhile the land can bo j had at a reasonable price. , ' ' f Says the Boston Olobei" ''Wo learn j from tho St. Albans (Vt.) Messenger that j that the town fathers aro thinking of ^ changing the name of the poor house to ^ invalids' retreat,' because the name , poor house' 19 oUcnsive to its inmates. ^ This is the Georgoitcs might call ^ progress aud poverty." ^ Indians in the United States last year . cultivated 227,205 acres of 'and and raised 724,058 bushels of wheat, 034,072 bushels of corn, 512,137 bushels of oats and barley, 524,010 bushels of vegetables, and 101,823 tons of hay. They also owned 238,334. horses and mules, 111,407 head of cattle, 40,471 swine and 4,117,278 sheep. The American Colonization Society was organized seventy-three years ago. During its existence it has sent over 10,000 colored people to Africi. At the celebration of its anniversary tho other * night, in Washington, Dr. Luther in. dorsed Victor Hugo's prediction that "Africa is to be tho continent of the twentieth century." Tho man who claims to be tho most celebrated horse thief in the world is now under arrest at Lorensbcrg, Kan. \ His name is Washington Waterman, and L; he is seventy-eight years of age. He acf V knowledges the theft of Km horses in r 1 ~ 1 Kansas alone, and the authorities of the State are willing to admit that he has made oS with live times that many. The loss to the Canadian lumbering industry this winter, through the almost k total absence o?&i6w in the woods, will be enormous'^Jp is impossible to get ft I nil i fHr tlin woods where the choppers are at work, and large nurnbcrs of men and teams are daily returning home. The result will be most disastrous to next summer's work in the mills. It is estimated that the cut o 1 logs this season that can bo got out of tho bush will fall short forty per cent, of last year's cut. The production of obtain the United States shows a great increase. In the Y hit eight* years tho average c rop has m been 549,000,000 bushels, against au I average of 314,000,000 for the ten years 1 preceding. This increase, asserts the ^ Now York Ols:rrcr, is owing to the reft ^ymirement^itH^o increased number of >'nrgna and as fields more In 18S8 over a million and a half (1,523,057) tons of steel rails were made in this country, or about one-third less than the 2,280,197 tons produced in 1897. Last year about GO,Ot'O tons were imported, as against 137,000 in 1887. From the present outlook for railroad construction the consumption of steel rails in 1889 will be seriously reduced, as well as the importations. The study of the science of physical culture is receiving more public attention than ever before in this country.Harvard University has spent $110,000 for the advancement of it; Amherst, $65,000; Cornell, $40,000; Princeton, $88,000; Johns Hopkins, $10,000; Yale, sjnce iouu, .>is,uuu, ana vassar proposes to spend $'20,000. The preparatory schools and athletic associations are also spending large amounts for the same purpose. The New York Graj)hic mentions the fact that the Pacific coast is moving for the purchase by this Government of Lower California, which it is said the Mexican Government will sell for $20,000,000. The large lands in Lower California are nearly all owned by the citizens of the United States. Senator Hearst, of California, owns millions of acres there. But it is nearly all a mountainous region. The peninsula is 750 miles in length ar.d from 50 to 120 miles in wTdTS7aBd-by far the greater portion is barren and desolate. The only excuse for its nurchase is that the mountains I arc full of gold and silver deposits of great richness. The grave question of shipping live stock is one, states the New York Sun, which is agitating the minds of our Western cattle growers. It has been repeatedly demonstrated that no matter how they are transported they are subjected to the extremes of hot and cold weather, and through the medium of insufficient water and feed are rendered in numerous case3 unfit for food on arrival it destination. While the cattle growjrs still adhere to the idea of killing as near as possibe to where the cattle are aised, they are still obliged to ship Ea3t and are therefore directing their ittention to the lines which use power j arakc3 and close couplers on cattle cars, which they regard as the best and easiest riding for all purposes. Tho foreign population of Chicago at ;his time, according to the Chicago Globe, is less than thirty per cent, of the ;otal population. The proportion of the "oreign population of Chicago is actually j ess than that of most of the large West- ! ti>n /iSiiAn r\?/vV\nKlfr Inofl thon tli n f Ap Kew York city. It is less than that of |t. Louis, than that of Kansas City, than ;hat (probably) of Cincinnati, and a ?reat deal less than that of Milwaukee , ind raaDy smaller cities of the Northwest. An erroneous notion concerning | j he foreign population of Chicago which j ^parts_jaL-iKo- ' cv& an(f> dangerous Ll factor. TheCtdk "of the foreign ; ection of this population is composedj ? ,f* industrious, hn<d-working, orderly 1 ^^___CT?*?irng*Jieople. Has a photographer any right to sell ihotographs of one of his customers without the consent of the customer? rbat is an interesting question which i,?on flonirlftd for the first time I?3 j??, -? ,n England by the High Court of Jus- : ; ;ico. Mrs. Pollard sat for her photo- I i raph at the gallery of the Photographic , ' Company. Subsequently she learned | ' that the company had prepared copies i for Christnias cards and were offering i them for salo. She thereupon applied I 1 for an injunction to restrain this liberty. The company contended that the ncg- , ative was their property and that thoy ] i bad a right to print copies from it j for sate. Mr. Justice North decides that' a photographer has no such right j unless he is expressly or by clear implication authorized to do so by the sitter. | He accordingly granted the injunction, i m The mania for the construction of ship j canals seems to be spreading, or rather reviving. 1'ussia is the latest to enter j the arena of designs of this character. II | seems that as far back as the time 0/ Peter the Great a plan was suggested foi j connecting the Baltic and "White Seas ! by a canal. The project has bcon kept alive all these years and recently experienced engineers have, been sent out tc survey the country and report on the difficulties and the cost of construction, but they have already finished their work and handed in their report. They assert that the difficulties are practically nil and the project quite feasible, and they estimate the cost of the canal, which will be 210 llussian versts (120 miles) long,at nnn |w ?n Ut/U, UUV. XllClO io ?*yj opposition to the carrying out of the scheme and the prospect is that the enterprise will soon be commenced. Hiirlicst Signal Station in the World The United States signal service station at Pike's Peak is the highest signal station in the world, and is also the highest inhabited portion of tho globe. It. was opened in the month of September, 1S73~. That it was a wise provision of tho Government in establishing a signal station at this point Is no longer questioned, tho facts having nlrcady demonstrated its practicability, and the present success promises that Pike's Peak signal station is yet to stand at the head of all astronomical and meteorological stations in the world. This point is wonderfully favored by nature for the study of astronomy and meteorology. The rarity of the atmos pherc brings out a remarkable brilliancy and e'earness to the stars and all the heavenly bodies. The nights are almost always cloudless, and cloudy days are tho exception. Nine-tenths of tho storms are below the Peak. The reason why the dove of peace still hovers over Europe, Ethelred, is because she can't find flpy place sufficiently clear of bayonefcU^^ve her a footra^j^^jXj^^^^^^^^Education AlaW Bkjing in the puUfl VALENTINE VERSES. CUPID TRIUMPHANT. ' 'Take heed! Take heed! I come with speed, For I've joet new-strung my bow; My quiver is full; if the shaft I pull, Some afrow may hit, you know. "Oh, pull away!" did tho maiden say; "For who'd be the coward to mind A bow that is strung by a coward so young, Who in both of his eyes is blind?" The bow he drew, and the shaft it flew, And the maiden was heard to cry, "Oh! take this dart from my wounded heart, Dear Cupid, or else I die!" He said, as he smiled, "I am but a child A nrl 1A kriTVA *>A An An J aiiu uuuiu uavo li\J pu w ci uu uuu. With both of my eyes where the dart now lies, And you know, dearest maid, f am blind," ?Airs. J. Shepherd. a husband to hts wife. 'Twas not tho moonlight and the rose, The days of June in old lang syne; That brought me suppliant to your feet, Praying to be your Valentine. Those soberer days the blossoms blow As fragrant as in old lang syne, And still in spirit and in truth I pray to be your Valentine. ?Mr}. T. W. Dewing. love's resume. The Sun, tho Rose, the Lily, the Dove? I loved them all in my early love, I love them no longer, but her alone? The Pure, the Tender, the Only, the One; For she herself, my Queen of Love, Is Rose, aud Lily, and Sun, and Dove! ?Heine. eros.. The sense of the world is short? Long and various tho reportTo love and be beloved; Men and gods have not* outlearned it; And, how oft soe'er they've turned it, 'Tis not to bo improved. ?Emerson. CRANDMAHMA'3 valentine, Two little birdies after one flvl "Wonder if maybe they mean you and I? Will-Boy and Jim? Two little b'udders, that you can see; And if one of 'em's you and the other is me, "Wonder who's him? Butterflies is such ex-culiar things I Nothing at all but jnst two little wings. Guess they muslfbo Quick winkie tbinkiesl Wonder if this Isn't a think, or a dear flying kiss, F'om g'annie to we? S'pose we can catch it? And then if we do Is one half for I and the other for you? ' Or?s'pose we just look? A fly doesn't want to be tored into two, And a kiss is as good, when you know, it has flew, As if it was took. ?Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney. THE WHOLE WIDE WORLD. Not from the whole wide world I chooSe thee, Sweetheart, light of the land and the seal The wide, wide world could not inclose thee, For thou art the whole wide world to me. ?Richard Oilder. TRICMPH OF CHARIS. See the chariot at hand here of Love, Wherein my lady ridethl Each that draws is a swan, or a dove, And, enamored, do wish, so they might but enjoy such a sight, rhat they still wero to fun by her sido through swords, through seas, whither sho would ride. ?Ben Johnson. HER CERTIFICATE. BY EMMA A. OPrER. The monthly teachers' examination, of Black County was about to begin. Milly sat in a corner of the big room, biting her pencil and gar.ing at the motley assemblage of teachers and trembling aspirants for iirst csrtlticates? in antique shawls and hats in vogue five years ago, and dresses Milly had not known that anybody over wore. Milly was an aspirant for a first certificate, but sho was not trembling. Sho Bat erect and bright-eyed and charm'ngly Btylish in an obviously city-made suit and a wicked little cap to match. It was clear to the most Casual observer that Milly was not indigenous to Black County. -She was a bright oasis in tho desert of Black County styles. The young man in tho next seat appeared to think so. He looked at her with quite frank approval. Milly could not help knowing it. Fhc looked down at her snug gloves and nulled a petal from the yellow asters sue wore, and finally dropped her pencil. lie picked nn nritVi onvimia hnQtr* "Thank you I" she said. He looked at her still, but rather bashfully. "What a lot of them!" she said, taking pity upon him. "ifes. What do you think of them?" he responded. She noticed that his light hair curled thickly, and that ho liadu tine chin. "I?I?don't vou think they're rather frumpy?" sho said, seriously. Ho laughed oxplosiroly, bringing his hand down on his kneo. "The word was raado for them!" he declared. "You sto I'm not of Black County, though I intend teaching hero, and I don't feel traitorouj. They arc funny." Ho looked at her with puzzled incredulity "Are you going to teach?' he murmured. "I beg your pardou, but " "Oh, no, don't," cried Milly. Was he too tail? No, indeed I And his nose was liko Napoleon's. "I'll tell yoi about it. I like to tell people; it's s< funny. Yes, I'm going to teach if can pass the examinntijns. You see, l'vi been staying this sumnier at my Uncli Ridglev's, out on a farm. Well, th teacher in that district was taken sicl the other day, and what did my Unci Ridgley do but hire me for the fall tcrr ?me! He's one of the school directors you see. Ho Fnld it would do me gooi to 'spunk up' and do it. lie's alwny I deplored my not being able to make pie crust and weed onions, and he wort home himself and got permission 1c me. I know I'll en 'oy it?it'll be such new experience?but I'm full of awfi qualms. I've never tnught, and I don know how. And my certificate?I'm i fear and trembling. I'vo been at boarc ing-school nnd all that, but I'm dread fully rusty in the common branches." She finished breathlessly and laugl ing, and he laughed too. "As for me," ho said, in pleased r turn of her confidence, "it's merely means to an end, my teaching. I wai to study law, and I want to do it by nc own exertions. /That sounds rath goody-goody, doesn't it? But I di I've taught afe^termsin my uv in I , but -equally awe-inspiring, colleague in and out among the seats with the arithmetic questions in purple type-writing; and the Bteck County applicants sharpened their pencils and wrinkled their brows studiously and went to work. Milly opened her lunch-basket, three hours later, in the small room provided for the purpose. There was enough for three men, she mused, as she attacked a sandwich. A bon^_ young woman?in red and lavender hat?just shaking off the crumbs of her ascetic repast of sodacrackers "fend pickled pears, regarded her with stern amazement as she withdrew. Through the door she passed through came* the .young man who sat next to aimy. "Oh, are you here?" he sa;d, with a shallow preteuse to surprise. He sat down'near her, with an expression of very fiauk pleasure. What wfe- it that made him look so handsome when he smiled, she wondered -^-hismerrv eyes'^rhis white teeth? ^11 H%lipi[i jJP I"! on?" he questioned, sympathetically, opening his lunch. f "Horridlr;"sho admitted. "I'm worse that I tbcmght. I've forgotten everything." She looked at his scanty bread and butter. ^"Please have one of my sandwiches," she said, shyly forcing it upon him. "Everything, positively. I'm shocked at myself. I'm afraid I shan't psiss at all: and then, what will Uncle Ridgley snyl I made terrible work of those cube-root and brokerage problems, I know I did|- How I envied you, you looked so perfectly unflustered over them! And now the geography! Goodness mo! I think I did pretty well with the Hebrides and Yucatan and the Obi River; but, ^ob. dear! what are the isothermal zones?" She made her lips and her smooth brow into a ludicrous pucker as sho lnnlrorl mpoUrr nn of him He laughed*- with that enjoying, boyish slap of his hand on his knee. "Iion't you know, honor bright?"' ho ejaculated. She shook bor head solemnly. "I haven't the faintest idea. I never did care for physical geography, and it's gone right out of my head." She bit a tart ruefully. "Won't you take one of these? You seo how much of this I could never eat! No, I don't believe I'll get a certificate at nil!" He gated at her with poignant regret in his eves. "Oh, I hop?"so!" ho said, sincerely. "You've handed" in your papers, haven't you?" ho added, vaguely. She shook her head. "No; I was floundering through the end of it when IgothungryJ.' They looked at each other with wide eyes, startled by a common idea. "Oh, no,no! you mustn't 1 Itwouldn't bo ri^ht or honest 1" she gasped, ha f laughing, half awed. "Abstractly, it wouldn't," the young man responded, reflectively. "Ordinarily, I shouldn't dream of doing it, indeed; but, you see, you aren't adopting t?a:hlng as a profession?you're not going to teach but ono term, and that lor me ease 01 im Deing a "npw expertenco,' and to please your uncle?and it would be a pity for a paltry certificate to prevent you, and 1 don't feel that I should violate my conscience by holping; you to it a little, and -and? the isothermal zones are spacSs on opposite sides oi! the equator having the same mean temperature and bounded by corresponding ing isotherma^^y^^^ ~ i alter,"anil rushed up the walk like a sntiill cyclone. She had been t<i the PostoSfice, and she held a blue envelope in her hamly or clutched it. "I've got itl" shp cried. Aunt llidglcy was sweeping oil the front porch. "I've got itl My per cents, wero'nt very good, you know, but I passed. "Won't Uncle John be glad? Where is he?" "land alive!" said Aunt Ridgley, weakly. "What you got? He's in the barn, likely." Undo lUdgely was glnd. He studied the small document, with interspersed remarks. "I knew you hndn't no call to worry." "Pretty good:" "Hain't never be'n a better 'teachor in this decstrict than you'll nakc?warrant ycl" He took oil bis spectacles as he handed it back. "There was a young man here jest ? J ?-! L ll.. i now," jio ODservcu, ' huuui mo sv,uuui. j Seems lie had ono engaged over to Bev' erly, and scarlot fevur broko out over i there, end they ain't goin' to have no school yet awhile, and he como ovi.*r to see about gettin' this one. Dave Ilanley told him about it; seems he's a cousiu of Dave's. Took examination two weeks ago, same as you did. Wal, I told hirn my niece had got the school p-omised to her," said Uncle Ilidgcly, , serenely. What did he look like?" said Milly, with sudden interest. "Oh, you needn't spunk up! He's goin' homo on noon train," said Uncle Kidgely, winking. "W'y, good lookin' ; feller ho was; taller'n most, and hair j color o' that cream colored nag and 1 curly, and a good, strong lookin' " I Milly crushed her certificate in her exj cited hand. "Where is ho?" she demanded. "W'y, over to Dave Hanlcy's. I s'pose 1 Dave's his cousiin. What aro you goin to-" But whatever Mi ly wa9 going to d( she was already doing. She was gono, and she had dropped her certificate 01 ! | the barn floor. I! Dave Hanlcy's front door was open ' and reasonably full of small IIanleys,bu Milly stepped over ihcm. She coutd look through to the bacl ' nnreh. where Dave sat with hia visitor ! and she ran through the house. 1 ; The visitor rose. '' "Why?why?" he stammered. I j lie was bewildered, but his deligh 3 was more than his bewilderment. II 3 took her hand, in Ills agitation, am 3 then rem he red that ho had small righ c to, and blushed. e Dave Hnnley, whether from confusio 111 or superfine delicacy, wandered int [ ; the yard. d j JUilly shook hands. If she had lookei 9 pretty in acioth gown and cap, she wn ' | irresistible in a blue blouse ami stripe e ! skirt, and no hat at all, and the youn ir man devoured her with bright eyes. a "I've coinc to tell you," sho pantedshe was out of breath?"that it's me tl ,fc school is promised to; it's here my Unc n Ridgely lives?don't you see? Ar 1" I'm going to give it up for you, in yoi favor. I have no right to it, don't ye understand ? I don't believe I'd ever g l' my certificate if it hadn't been for yo If I had been a bit lower in geograph 0- I shouldn't have passed. It was real a you thfl.t got it for me, you unscrupulo person. And I don't need the school ? '7 was only for Uncle Ridgely?and you d er You want, to study law, and?well, you' got to take it." rn She was not to be moved the fracti ^ ofan inch. She stood there, flushii pBSj^^wjMysmilinfojnnd twisting BW?? ? # need it, and you want to study law,* was all she would say, though'he argued and earnestly pleaded for an hour. Uncle Ridgely was disappointed. But there were gratifying recompenses. The first was that'Milly fyas persuaded to stay nearly all winter, though she didn't take the school, and learned to make piecrust after all; and the Becond, that that young school-teacher she married, that she'd never have known if she hadn't stayed, and if ho hadn't taught in the "deestrict"'that fall, turned out within four years to be the smartest lawyer in Black County and a notable honor to the family.?Sa'urday Nijht. HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS. Angel Calce. This popular cake was invented by a St. Louis baker, who kept the formula a secret a loDg time. A discharged employe finally made it known. To fouf ounces of sifted flour add one teaspoon ful of cream of tartar; rub these through the sieve four or five times. Beat the whites of a dozen eggs until very stiff; add to them gradually three-quarters ot a pound of granulated sugar, and beat thoroughly while so doing; flavor with a teaspoonful of var.illa extract; add the flour to the egg foam quickly and ; lightly. Lino the funnel cake pan with j ungreased paper, pour in the mixture ' and bake lifty minutes. "When done loosen the edges and remove from the pan at once.?Jfeio Tok 8'jji. Boiled Rioo and Raisins. Wash and boil in the usual way ono scant cup of rice, adding when halfdono J a quarter of a pound of Ondara raisins, j These raisins are the best and most most economical for cooking. They are i large, almost entirely without stems, | and cost only twelve cents a pound. I A word about boiling rice. Some cooks, who differ a3 widely as doctors, say: "Boil one cupful of rice twenty minutes in three quaTts of water and drain through a colander when done." Others again maintain that two cup3 of water or I twice its bulk is the rule for a cup of ! nee. I liavo found tho nicest way lo ' boil rice is in a double boiler. At first I use twice the quantity of water to rice, adding salt and a small piece of butter. When the water is all absorbed, if tho . rice i9 not soft enough, I add a little | milk if I have it, water if I have not. j Make a hard sauce with a tablespoonful ! of butter and a scant cup of sugar, adding a little grated nutmeg. Or if preferred tho nee and raisins may be eaten with sugar and cream.?Hous:ioife. Smoked Beef Omelet. For fifteen cents the housewife can : buy a 6mall can of smoked or, as some call it, chipped beef. It is cut vory thin ; and ready for use, thus doing away with . the necessity of buying the meat whole and then trying to cut it with the usually ! dull carving knife. Take three of tho slices out of the box and rqll them together; then cut the meat lengthwise once, after which cut across it so as to convert the meat into stripes. Put it into a bowl and add three eggs and a dash of pepper. Beat it up with a fork and pour it into a hot, slightly greased omelet pan. Blip a knife uuderitocca; sionally while it is cooking to prevent burning. If tho top refuses to cook solid tilt the pan so that it will runoff and coojc on the side of the pan. When ' done fold without breaking and turn on i & hot dish. Strew over it a little chopped Bread Making. Once, in going down tho river to New Orleans at a dull season when there was not much traveling, I found myself en: tirely without pleasant lady companions. Bo, after getting tired of reading, I t asked and obtainod permission to see J the taker make his rolls for tea. He was very obliging,and I spent an hour or two I out of each day in the bakc-room, watch' i ng, taking dots, and asking bread quesj tions. Since then I have usually gone exactly by his directions in making | bread and rolls, except the addition of. a little sugar and tho use of home-made i yeast instead of bakers' yeast, which I cannot always get in the country. I have tried other bread recipes, but find ' Done to equal the following in simplic.ty | and certainty: I ! One large homemade yeast cake or a small cup of bakers' yeast, two cups of milk-warm water; add to this five lovol cups of flour, mensufed before sifting, nnd one level tablespoon of salt and 1 r.ia n dmicrh and Work bllgUI , UilA bum M ^ well; pat in a greased bucket, coyer closely and set it to rise in a warm place in winter, a cool placj in summer. When light, which will bo in four or : five hours, make into two loaves without any more working or adding any flour, putting a little melted butter on top and between the loaves, l'ut tbeso in a deep baking pah, covered, and let : them rise an hour, or a little longer if ! not light in that time. Then bake in a | moderate oven. Just before browning, i a little butter on top improves the crust, i ! A little more or less flour than is given ' may be used, as some flour thickens 1 more than others, but five cup3 to two of [ j wnter is as good n general rule as can bo laid down. Bread may be started in the ' morning and baked in six or seven 1 hours, or started at night and baked in j tho morning. It rises faster in warm , | weather. Everybody says my bread is ' superfine, light, tender and wholesome. | I'd say so, too, if excessive modesty ) : didn't prevent.?Detroit Free l'r<.su l ! Household Hints. Boiled starch makes an excellent , . paste. 1 1- i? t j Tho yolk ot an egg is gown tu ivccp I flatirons smooth and clean. c j The oftencr Hour is sifted for sponge ? cake the lighter the cake will be. In watering plants, put a teaspoonful , of ammonia into the water once a week, t j Salt fish of any kind is quickest and o j best freshened by soaking in sour milk, d A teaspoonful of turpentiuc boiled ,t with white clothes will aid the whitening process. 11 Fish may be scalded much easier by 0 j dipping into bouling water about c ! minute. * Ilipe tomatoes will remove the ink * ' stains from white cloth and also frou the hands. ? Windows should bo opened at botl top and bottom in order to secure prope ventilation. ]o When flatirons become rusty blackei j them with stove polish and rub well witl lir | a dry brush. >u | Ceilings that have been smoked with ot kerosene lamp should be washed ofTwitl u. soda water. To attempt hard work or close stud '7 within an hour after eating invites de rangemeuts of the digestive organs. 0 Fresh app'e sauce, warm if possible ' is a good supper dish in winter. A das of lemon improves it. on For sore or inflamed eyes, wash them i ag a weak solution of salt and warm wate: nn 'This is also useful to remove the inflan ^jj^^j^Mf^edby extraneous substanci ' CYCLONES AND TORNADOES, I STORM CENTERS AND THEIB CAUSE AND EFFECT EXPLAINEDGroundwork; of Weather Predictions?How a Storm Trough Is Formed and a CJyclotio ProducedIt would probably startle many people Were they to be told that every storm that oCcurfl is a cyclone, yet, to a certain extent, such a Statement would be correct. Every storm is cyclonic in its nature; that is to say, it has in a large degree the elements that form the unpleasant characteristics of what is popularly termed a "cyclone." It was not many years ago that people generally thought of Kansas whenever a cyclone wt89 mentioned ;visions of dark, funnel-shaped clouds and flying roofs were conjured up by the word, ana it was a popular idea that in Kansas the cyclone made its home, and only wandered beyond the State's boundaries on mere depredatory excursions, and never traveled very far from headquarters. Such, indeed, wjii" the vague, loose idea that folks possessed. "That a better knowledge of the subject has spread of late years is due to the in-; vestigations and utterances of scientists, who have made the subject of storms and their peculiarities a special 6tudy. Storms are produced by a sudden rise in a large body of air, which causes that around to rush in to take its place. This' causes a whirling such as is produced when two currents owater meet. In the immediate center'there is no agita-tion, almost a calm, the air surging this way and that without any definite direc*. tion, except upward, f arther out the air currents flow toward this center, in a direction generally tangent to the center, which is circular at first. Thus for miles around the storm the wind blows inward, forming a great whirlpool of air. When this phenomenon occurs on a large scale, the center extending over several square m'.les, the disturbance is denoted a storm, or, in the parlance of the meteorologists, a "low." This latter word comes from the condition of the barometer that precedes and accompanies the storm. "When the center is small, and concentrated over a narrow area, with high winds flowing in from all directions, it is usually denoted a cyclone, or a tornado. These latter storms come suddenly, usually without warning, and are terriDie in tneir destruction. rne air seems solid, so fiercely does it beat against and overpower solid objects. Trees are twisted from their rootings, small objects are whirled from the surface, and even houses are shattered by the sudden and resistless movements of the air. In the past few years great fortunes have been lost through the de-. struction of property by these terrific1 whirlwinds. On first forming, the storm is gener-j ally almost circular, and is usually large.! In this country the majority of them form, or are fir3t noted, in thp southwestern portion of the United States,: and move toward the Atlantic Ocean ia; a northeasterly direction. As a storm moves, the circular center losses its fhape and elongates, slightly at first. For some indefinite reason, this elongation tnjra?plnce on the southern side of the srorm. This elongated area of low pressure is called a "trough." As the stomyh^^jMt^ ward the trough grcwvaj?^^^^WWyir^ i i^- - 1 ^'^lyeat, t evon happens, as was the case on the Occasion of the great blizcard of March, 18 48, that. the trough separates entirely from the main or parent storm and forms a secondary storm, which even becomes more severe thau the first one. Th s was what happened in March, 1838. The southern end of the trough broke off and began moving rapidly up the Atlantic coast until it reached the vicinity of New York and Boston, where it hung for manv hours, causing untold suhering and damage. It is when the trough of the storm becomes pronounced in its elongation that a cyclone is liable to be formed. It must be remembered that the conditions around the trough are the same as those around the center itself; the winds blowing in the oppo:ite directions inward. A strong gust of wind blowing into tho trough meets another coming from across the way blowing equally hard. A sudden shock occurs and a violent eddy of air is formed wh'ch, as the two currents continue to blow, becomes the nucleus of a cyclone. It forms, may be, in an instant, and once having.become in itself a storm center, it breaks off from the trough and takes up a direction of its own, determined by the first directions of the currents that caused its existence. The case of a spinning top will illustrate the motion of a tornado. While it i3 whirling around on its own axis there is a constant tendency to move forward in a body, induced by the spinning. Thus the little storm?a pigmy with a giant's strength?starts off on its own account as a sort of meteorological privateer, and after traversing miles, and miles of country, destroying human lives and thousands of dollars' worth of property, it gradually wears itself oul and the contrary winds cease their use less contention, as though they had reached the conclusion mac u was uint lost to try to blow each other away. Such Is the cause and nature of thai freak of nature commonly known as th< (cyclone. On the vast sand plains ol [Africa such storms are called tornadoe; or whirlwinds, and often cause great de struction among caravans. The light iloose soil is taken up by the winds anc whirled into a column that ends in i idusty vapor where the wind spend itself. On the sea such a storm carrie frightful catastrophe within its bosom it seizes great waves and twists then into water mountains of great heigh that crush beneath them whatever lies ii 1 their paths. I The popular notion that formerly as sociatea the word cyclone with Knusa and the neighboring States has beei mentioned. Some apprehension has bee expressed by timid people living on thi 1 side of the country that these disturb ances aro growing more frequent her than they were in past years, but mo 1 teorologists are apt to shake their head and smile whenever they are asked as t i the truth of this idea. They will sayi r reply that there are just as many ci clones in the east now as there were j hundred years age, and no more; thei j is no tendency in the matter, either i the frequency or Ihc force wit which they occur, and that the idi , probably arises from the fact that in tl neighborhood of Kansas, a number < wna n. sneminsr series < yeare ugu, ^ 5 such storms with disastrous results thi !* attracted uriversal attention and creat< the impression that something new he >, been invented.?Washington titar. b n q Wolves, coyotes and swifts as so n r< merous in Gray County, Kan., that t! farmers have petitioned the Board j. Commissioners to offer a bounty for the extermination, A ? HnsMun True love knows no barriers, ' .^HERgflHSH Laughs at lock and key, 1 H Needs no tongue interpreter SflffjAnjgMB To ask, "Lov'st thou msf $jSKgj|R8mB| Eyee look into eyes and speal :> Eloquently, dumb; JsKSBflflRXS Tell-tale blushes on the cheek (Vhisper whence they coma MHRHnD Sand greets band with mute caress, H^HMn Lingering tenderly, mS^HMKE Saying thus JTd fain express JrHlfflBBEM All I feel for thee'1 . . But when Love, grown brave, would daaBHaHBal Make some bolder sign, f ^HQgSBBjDfij Then?from out a heart's despair-r* There comes a Valentine. ?Demoresf? Magazine. * ilDHOE OF nufi The placo-te-cattthe roll?Breakfast. BWHB| A/-^owling Swell"?-The sea in ^ofm. A political nobleman?The oflmitl^Hfl^Hi "Catch words"?"Nab," "grab,'^HHHS| "clutch," etc. Happy is the dude who has the mM-BKHSHW tache down fine. -BIMkbIbb A bank note?"Dear sir, you're count is overdrawn." There is bat little poetry in a gas bili^^nHul when the metre is out of orcler. Object to the impediment to theirM^^Hflf speech.?The Chicago Anarchists. . wHfi^Hj A woman glass-eater named Eliza, >vnHB| a Denver dime museum,is known ltadlyflB^^HF as Crystal Lize. ?Pittsburg Chronicle. When a public office-holder comes tofl feel that he is a big gun, it is time him to be fired.?Someroille Journal gKHBBK ' A kiss is often explosive. But we hav^H^^HE yet to see the lovers who shrink this particular kind of dynamif&.-^S^B^^B Pacific State*. S A man's disposition can often beWaB^HH judged by the color of his eyes, but stU|EBH|^n more correctly by the color of h:s nor~*.fl B Burlington Free Brest. When the bashful young man finally^^HHH comes to the point, it cools his ardor^RB^^^O considerably to find, perchance, that it^EfinHS is the fieezinff ooint.?Time. JHBHbhR How like the ague is this boon wflHH Of matrimonial strife I The fever ends in one short mo6n,^K&99uB?g^XS The chill runs on through life. MBBH8MPMW "That Campbell family are the scum of the earth?" "But, Harry, move in the very highest circles." isn't scum always found at the toiHj99MnH9 Time. 9k?9Be^SH| "Well, Patrick, what struck you BSh|HHB during your Southcrci trip?" "The tflH^HSj^R sort" replied Patrick, with a grin^BM^HHH disclosed the absence of nine molarfl H Burlington Fret Prom. 9 "I?aw?wahut a tie, doncherki^H9H^9RH to match my eyes." "Let me see. S eyes and?er?sorry sir, but our ma t.es'wj'th red edges are all sold. iiHgHHHHfl some in next week."?Harper's Bazai^^ M Monsieur X? "I have an ihvit&tio^^HsflnB9B| lime. Y.'s ball nest week." Monsi9KMMMB? Z.?"So have I." Monsieur X. (asl9 ished)?"Is it possible'! bhe must jl 9 tend to give a very larg<^ America. A^cRuonTbarljciVp^PP^^ffi^^^^^^^^^^H never get an 4<cdgeJon his razors^WBP^^H^B dumbfounded several days ago when t B H customer dropped lato the chair'and B H said: "Give me laughing gas before you BH begin operations." "Why not call North Dakota Unco- fl papa?" askstho St. Paul Pioneer Pre#. B H That's it; why rot? .Why not call it Hj fl Chaubunagungamaug? Why not call B it Chimqnassabamtook, or Molechunka- SB munk??Norwich Bulletin. B A petition is being circulated among BBn the business men of New York, who IB patronize the elevated road, requesting BH^I the guards not to kill more .than one member in a family, except in cases of_^_B^HH absolute necessity.?Life. . The merchant had been sick unto death. "Tell me the truth, doctor," he said, "is the danger overt" "Sure,"said the doctor; "there is no more danger; the crisis is passed," A And the merchant revokes his bequest of $5000 to the hospital. N ; ' " ? ' vl Bad Actor (in restaurant)?"Waiter, l._ K-;nrrinrr mft Klir.h . .i what do you mean uy eggs? They are absolutely rotten." Waiter (who had seen the actor perform the night before)?4 T thought that was. the kind you always got, sir."?Drake's Magazine. Miss Spinster (to shoe dealer)?"1 see that you have marked down some of 1 your shoes." Shoe Dealer--"tfes; that line of ladies' shoes is marked down. We have marked 'em all downfwosizes. ' Now thore's a tidy little gaiter, 1$, I k think will just fit you." Miss Spinster 1 blushes and buys the shoes.?Harper's Bazar. . A patent-medicine vender in a country ' village was dilating to a crowd upon the ; iwonderful efficiency of his irou bitters. "Why," said he, "Steve Jenkins had | only taken the bitters one week when he was shoved into prison for murder, and what does Steve do but open a vein in * - tl. . ills arm and take iron enougn oui oi ui? , blood to matte a crowbar, with which he i pried the doors open and let himself j out 1" Haunts and Habits of the Quail. j The quail (Bob White), so generally , distributed throughout the Stales, i3 a 1 resident over all of the .Mississippi Yah s ley, except in the extreme West and ? Northwest. In iMinncsota it haa fol' lowed up the settlements, and in the ? eastern part of the State has reached the line of the Northern Pacific Railroad I about latitude forty-six degrees. In Southeastern Dakota it is abutrdMMttteH||^^^| - has advanced to about laMtud^^^^^^^^^^H four degiees thirty minutes. II western Minnesota and most o*. n are^yet to be occupied by this species. ^ s To the question mat is uuvu ?- -whether the habit quail have of "lying s >^ e to a dog" is natural or acquired, Pro - feasor W. W. Cooke, in his report on Is Bird Migration, says: "To got a satis0 factory answer, one has only to hunt iu 1 different parts of the Indian Territory. J- In the region west of Fort Sill the quail a never think of stopping when they see a -c| dog, but run as fast as they can, and & upon his near approach they flush irah mediately, juotas it may be supposed :a they do on the approach of a cayote. In ?o the eastern part of the Tenitory, near ^ the railroad, the quail lie quite well to a if dog, and as they are exceedingly abun-.dant, afford excellent sport from Noid vember to March. The range of the ld Texas quail extends northward to Western Kansas. In the neighborhood of San Antonio these quail often come close to the ranch and lay eggs in hens' nests, u', and at San ADgelo they are reported as 16 raising two broods a year.?Air 10 Y<,rk of World. sir . ? About fWe hundr^^^mer^^tf^fl^^^^H